過去分詞做狀語講解

ThePastParticipleastheAdverbial過去分詞作狀語1.Ilikereadingthenovels______(write)byZhangAiling.2.Thegirl______(write)aletterinthestudyismycousin.3.ThereissomethingwrongwithmycarandIhavetogetit_______(repair).writtenwritingrepairedFillintheblanks.4.Iwantthedoorsofmynewhouse______(paint)white.5.Therewasa________(surprise)lookonhisface.6.Hewas______(excite)atthegoodnews.7.Thestorywasso______(move)thathewas______(move)totears.paintedsurprisedexcitedmovingmoved一、過去分詞（短語）作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語為句子的主語。例：Askedwhyhedidit,theyoungmansaiditwashisfavorite.Influencedbythegrowinginterestinnature,moreandmorepeopleenjoyoutdoorsports.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Whenitisseenfromthehill1.過去分詞做時(shí)間狀語可在過去分詞前加上連詞when,while,until等來強(qiáng)調(diào)過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作的時(shí)間關(guān)系。例：1.過去分詞作時(shí)間狀語二.過去分詞作狀語，一是表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，二是表動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。相當(dāng)于狀語從句通常作如下幾種狀語：2.過去分詞作原因狀語相當(dāng)于as，since，because等詞引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，這類狀語多放在句首Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbyhisteacher’swords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.Greatlytouchedbytheteacher’swords…Ashewassurprisedatwhathappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.Surprisedatwhathappened…3.過去分詞作條件狀語相當(dāng)于if，unless等詞引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句Ifweweregivenmoretime,

wecoulddoitmuchbetter.Givenmoretime…Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangeintovapor.Heatedtoahightemperature…4.過去分詞作讓步狀語過去分詞與though,although,evenif,eventhough,等詞連用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm,

thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.Thoughwarnedofthestorm…EvenifI’minvited,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.Evenifinvited…5.過去分詞作方式、伴隨狀語Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,

andhewasfollowedbyagroupofstudents.Theteacherenteredtheclassroomfollowedbyagroupofstudents.Theteacherstoodthereand

wassurroundedbythestudents.Theteacherstoodthere,surroundedbythestudents.過去分詞作方式狀語或伴隨狀語時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列分句，沒有相應(yīng)的從句可替換1.過去分詞在句子中可以作時(shí)間狀語、原因狀語、伴隨狀語、條件狀語和讓步狀語等。2.過去分詞作狀語時(shí),過去分詞的邏輯主語與句子主語一致。Summary有些過去分詞（短語）源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時(shí)不表動(dòng)作而表狀態(tài)。常見的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);absorbedin(全神貫注于);dressedin(穿著);tiredof(厭煩)等。如：Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.因?yàn)槌两谒伎贾?所以他沒聽到那個(gè)聲音。過去分詞作狀語時(shí)注意的問題:一.過去分詞有兩大特點(diǎn)：1.表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作；2.表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,因此,當(dāng)過去分詞作狀語的時(shí)候一定要搞清楚分詞與主語的邏輯關(guān)系——被動(dòng)。二.連詞+分詞（短語）

有時(shí)為使分詞短語與主句關(guān)系更清楚，可在分詞前加連詞。連詞有：when，while，if,though，after,before,as,once,if,unless,though,asif,although,evenif,eventhough等.

但分詞的主語和主句的主語必須為同一個(gè)。例如：Whilewaitingthere,hesawtwoprettygirlscomeoutofthebuilding.等在那兒時(shí)，他看見兩個(gè)靚妹走出大樓。（waiting和saw的主語相同）

此結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際是狀語從句的省略。當(dāng)狀從的主語和句子的主語保持一致，而且狀從的謂語動(dòng)詞是被動(dòng)時(shí)，可以省略從句的主語和動(dòng)詞be.Eg①Generallyspeaking,whentakenaccordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.②Thoughwarnedofthedanger,hestillwentskatingonthethinice.③Iwon’tattendhisbirthdaypartyunlessinvited三.注意：選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞作狀語，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過去分詞。例如：__________foralongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。__________thebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。UsedUsing【例題】_______,liquidscanbechangedintogases.A.HeatingB.TobeheatedC.HeatedD.Heat答案C.本題要選分詞作為狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行的；過去分詞表被動(dòng)的，已經(jīng)完成的。對(duì)于液體來說是加熱的受動(dòng)者，是被動(dòng)的，因而選C。它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句Whenitisheated，…Hewentoutshuttingthedoorbehindhim.

Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.

Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.

Facedwithdifficulties,wemusttrytoovercomethem.

注意:用分詞短語作狀語時(shí),它邏輯上的主語要與句子的主語保持一致,否則分詞短語就要有自己的邏輯主語,這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu).1.Alloursavingsgone,westartedlookingforjobs.2.Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.1._____blackandblue,theladycouldn’tmove.A.BeatenB.BeatingC.TobebeatenD.TobeatExercises2.____everywhere,thewolveshadnowhere____themselves.A.Hunting,hidingB.Tohunt,tohideC.Hunted,hidingD.Hunted,tohide3.Theteacherwalkedtothelab,_____.A.followedbyhisstudentsB.hisstudentsfollowedC.andfollowedbyhisstudentsD.bothAandB4.When_______intothewarmroom,icesoonchangesintowater.A.heatingandtakingB.heated,andtakingC.heatingortakenD.heatedortaken5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.

A.beginsB.havingbegun

C.beginningD.begun6.The____morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,____byhisnaughtyboy.A.following;followingB.followed;followedC.following;followedD.followed;following1.Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.Practice:ChangethefollowingclausesintoPastParticiples.Givenadvicebythefamousdetective,

theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.2.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.3.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.Doneinahurry,

hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.Whenheated,

icewillbechangedintowater.4.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.

Seenunderamicroscope,

afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.5.IfIamcomparedwithyou,westill