我國文化概覽期末題英文

./文化概略期末考試答疑選擇題。MultipleChoice〔20%1.WhichwasthedynastythatfirstintroducedtheimperialexaminationsystemforrecruitingcivilserviceofficialsinancientChina?Answer:TheSuiDynasty.2.OfthefourreligionsprevailinginChina:Buddhism,Taoism,IslamandChristianity,whichoneisthenativeborn?Answer:Taoism3.Chinesepeopleusuallyworshipanumberofdeitiesthat,theywish,willbringthemblessingsintheirdailylife.Theyenshrineandworshipvariousgodsintheirhometomeettheirvariousneed,Theytakesuchadeityjustasanimageofpowerratherthanagenuinereligion.Forexample,theyputupanimageofthegodofhomeguardonthedoorwishingtokeepthesecurityofthefamily.Whentheywishtogetrich,theyusuallyputupthegodof______intheirhome?Answer:CaiShenorthegodofwealth.4.WhatisthenameofthegodthatpeopleinthecoastalregionofSoutheasternChinaworshipandwishhimtokeepthemsafeatsea?A.MazuB.GuanyinC.BuddhaAnswer:A5.BuddhismwasfirstintroducedtoChinainthefirstcenturyA.D.orso,whenEmperorMingdioftheEasternHanDynastywasinrule.ThefirstBuddhisttempleinChinesehistory,builtatLuoyangcity,HenanProvince,iscalled_______.Answer:BaiMaSi<TheTempleofWhiteHorse>6.ThegreatcontemporarypainterQiBaishiwasgiftedwithafineartspower,beingskillfulinpaintingtheimagesoffish,birds,flowersandinsects."Thewonderofhisworksliesinsomewherebetweenresemblanceanddissemblance,"vividlyandlively.His__________iswidelyknowninChina.A.AclusterofshrimpsB.DonkeyC.GallopingHorsesAnswer:A7.TrueorFalse?IsJasmine<茉莉花>afolksongofJiangsuProvince?Answer:True.8.Whichminorityethnicgroup'sdwellingcommunityiscalledthehometownofpeacocks?A.TujianationalityB.DainationalityC.HuinationalityD.ShuinationalityAnswer:B.9.WhatisthenameofthemountainwherethelargestChineseTaoistarchitecturalcomplexislocated?Answer:WudangMountain.29.AccordingtoweddingcustomsinancientChina,abridewascarriedtoabridegroom'shomeby__________?A.Bridalsedan-chairB.ahorseC.acarAnswer:Bridalsedan-chair.10.OfallthetraditionalChinesefestivals,whichoneissettomarkthefamouspoetQuyuan?A.Dragon-boatFestivalB.QingmingFestivalC.Festivalofthe8thofthelunarDecember.Answer:A.Dragon-boatFestival.11.Choose:"布衣"refersto:A.OrdinarypeopleB.OfficialsC.SoldiersAnswer:Anordinarypeople12.ThelogoadoptedforOlympicgamesin2008isa"Chineseseal".WhenweresealscommonlyusedinChina?A.ZhouDynastyB.HanDynastyC.TangDynastyAnswer:A13.TheQinDynastyfirstintroducedtheofficialsystemofusingsealsorstamps:Thepersonalsealoftheemperorwascalledimperialseal,thecounselor-in-chiefusedgoldseal,andvariousofficialsofthecourtusedgold,silverorbronzesealsaccordingtotheirdifferentranks.Later,followingdynastiesinChinesehistorygenerallyinheritedthesamesystem.Whatkindofmaterialwastheimperialsealmadeof?A.GoldB.Jade.C.BronzeD.SilverAnswer:B14.WhichofthefollowingproductsweretraditionalexportedonesinancientChina?A.GlassB.SilkC.PorcelainD.SugarAnswer:B,C.15.ShenKuooftheNorthernSongDynastywroteaworldfamousscientificwork,whichgaveadetaileddescriptionofthemovable-typeprinting,inadditiontotheintroductiontotheassemblingofacompass.Whatworkisit?Answer:SketchbookofDreamBrook<夢溪筆談>16.ExchangesbetweenChinaandothercountriesandregionsinancienttimeshadlastedforalongtime,andduringthislongprocessofexchangeChinahadlearnedvarioustechnologiesfromothercountries.WhichofthefollowingtechnologieswasintroducedtoChinafromothercountries?A.GlassmakingtechnologyB.RaisingsilkwormC.WinebrewingDPapermaking.Answer:A.17.WhichofthefollowingfruitsdoesnotoriginatefromChina?A.Peach.B.apricotC.watermelonD.appleAnswer:C,D.18.Whichofthefollowingvegetablesareintroducedfromothercountries?A.PotatoB.ChinesecabbageC.sweetpotatoD.tomatoAnswer:A.C.D.19."Nostalgiaseemstobeashallowchannel;Iamonthisside,andthemainlandontheother."WhoisthefamouspoetofTaiwan?Answer:YuGuangzhong.20.WhatisthenameofthearchetypalNeolithicculturalsitediscoveredinthesuburbsofXi'aninShaanxiProvince?Answer:TheBanpoCulturalsite.21.InChina'smythology,whowastheherotoseparateheavenfromearth?Answer:PanGu.22.InChina'smythology,whocreatedhumanbeings?Answer:Nvwa.23.InChina'shistoricallegends,whowasthefirstofthe"FiveEmperors"?Answer:Huangdi<andtheotherswereZhuanxu,Diku,Yao,Shun>.24.InChina'shistoricallegends,whowasthefirsttoteachpeopletofishandraiselivestock?Answer:FuXi.25.InChina'shistoricallegends,whowasthefirsttoteachpeoplefarmingandtotasteandexperimentwithvarioustypesofherbalmedicines?Answer:Yandi.26.WhichtwoantiquatecitiesofChinahavebeenlistedas"WorldCulturalHeritageSites"?Answer:LijianginYunnan,andPingyaoinShanxi.<Picture:LijiangandPingyao>27.ThemainarchitecturalstructureinancientChinawas________________.A.AwoodenframeworkB.AstoneframeworkAnswer:A.28.OneofthecharacteristicsofChina'santiquatearchitectureis_________.A.ThedistinguisheddifferenceofranksinsocietyB.NodifferenceAnswer:A29.TheGrandCanalwasfirstopenedduringthe______Dynasty.Answer:Sui.30.WhichprovincehasthelargestnumberofminorityethnicgroupinChina?A.GuangzhouB.ShaanxiC.SichuanD.YunnanAnswer:D.31.ThesmallestethnicgroupinChinahasonlyapopulationofabout2300.Whatisthisminorityethnicgroupcalled?A.ShuiB.DerungC.LhobaD.PrimiAnswer:C.32.ThefirstChineseeditionofTheBiblewaspublishedinMalaccain1823.ThetranslatorofthiseditionwasafamousBritishmissionary.Whatishisname?Answer:RobertMorrison.33.TheIndianMonkBodhidharmacametoChinaandinatemplehehadkeptstillinmeditationfacingthewallfortenyears,thuscreatingtheChineseBuddhistschool"ChanorZenBuddhism.Whatisthenameofthetemple?Answer:Henan'sShaolinTemple.判斷題。TrueorFalse?〔20%34.TrueorFalse:TheMid-AutumnFestivalfallsonthe15thofthelunarAugust,justinthemiddleofautumn,hencethename.Answer:True.35.TrueorFalse:InChina,winehasalongerhistorythantea.In1986,apotofwineunearthedinHenanProvincewasmademorethan3,000yearsbefore.Maotailiquor,Five-GrainLiquor,Fenjiu,Zhuyeqing,LuzhouLaojiao,GujinGongjiuareallbrand-nameliquorsproducedinChina.Answer:True.36.TrueorFalse:ClothprintedwithBatikandsoaked-indigotechniquesareimportedfromoverseas.Answer:False.Batikandsoaked-indigotechniquesareinventedbyChinesepeople,whichareusedintraditionalChinesetextiledesignanddyeingtoproduceartandhandicraftproducts.37.TrueorFalse:Thepaper-cuttingartofChinahasbeenlistedasoneoftheworld'sculturallegacies.Answer:True.38.TrueorFalse:ThereisgenerallyapairofidenticalstonelionsplacedinfrontofChinesepalaces,official'smansionsandhousesinorderto'wardoffevilspirits.'Answer:False.Generallyspeaking,ontheleftsideofthegateisamalelionwithitsrightfootstampingonasilkball,suggestingthesymbolofpower;ontherightsideofthegateisalionesswithherleftfootcaressingacublion,symbolizingprocreationofmoredescendants.39.Judge:BothsundialandcopperclepsydrawerehourmetersusedforcountingtimeinancientChina.SundialhadbeenpopularinQinandHanDynasties.Answer:Right.40.Judge:ThemainsourceoftraditionalChinesemedicineisherbage,inadditiontosomeanimalsandminerals.Answer:Right.41TrueorFalse?Oracle-boneinscriptions<甲骨文>aresocalledbecausetheywereinscribedontortoiseshellsoranimalbones.Answer:True.42.TrueorFalse?MostChinesecharactersmaybewritteneitherinthecomplexformwithmorestrokesorinasimplifiedversionwithlessstrokes.Acharacterwithmorestrokesiscalledanoriginalcomplexcharacter;anditssimplifiedversioniscalledasimplifiedcharacter.Answer:True.43.TrueorFalse?ThesimplifiedChinesecharactersareoneoftheworkinglanguagesusedintheUnitedNations.Answer:True.44.TrueorFalse?InChina,aBuddhistTempleiscalled"廟",whileaTaoistmonasteryiscalled"觀".Answer:Correct.45.TrueorFalse?ThestandardlanguageofmodernChineseisPutonghua.Answer:True.46.TrueorFalse?LuXunisafamouscomtemporaryChinesewriterandthinker,whosesurnameisLuandgivennameisXun.Answer:False.HisrealnameisZhouShuren,andLuXunishispenname.47.TrueorFalse?ChinesepoetryhadseenitsprimestageintheTangDynasty.AccordingtotheQuanTangShi,<CompletePoetryofTang>,about50,000poemswerewrittenbyover2,300poetsinthisperiod.Answer:True.48.TrueorFalse?Chinesecharactersarenotonlytheoldestlanguageintheworld,butalsoareusedbythelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld.ThenumberofChinesecharacterstotalsabout60,000,withabout6,000indailyuse.Answer:True.49.TrueorFalse?InChina,brickwasfirstusedforconstructionduringtheQinDynasty,2,300yearsago.ThefamousGreatWallwasmainlybuiltwithbricks.Answer:True.簡答題。BriefAnswerQuestions〔30%50.WhataretheawardssetupforfilmsinChina?Answer:GoldenRoosterAwardandHundredFlowersAward51.WhatarethetwoAwardsforChineseTVplays?Answer:GoldenEagleAward,andFlyingGodAward.52.WhatarethenamesofthefollowingfourancienthistoriccapitalcitiesnowinmodernChina?TangDynastyChang'anKaifengYuanDynastyDaduHangzhouNorthernSongDynastyDongjingBeijingSoutnernSongDynastyLin'anXi'anAnswer:TangDynasty——Chang'an——Xi'anYuanDynasty——Dadu——BeijingNorthernSongDynasty——Dongjing——KaifengSoutnernSongDynasty——Lin'an——Hangzhou53.Pleaselinkupthefollowinglocalspecialtieswiththeplaceofproduction:MaotailiquorShanxiPeonySuzhouLong-storedvinegarZhejiangSuzhouembroideryGuizhouLongjingteaXinjiangRaisinsLuoyangAnswer:Maotailiquor————GuizhouPeony————LuoyangLong-storedvinegar————ShanxiSuzhouembroidery————SuzhouLongjingtea————ZhejiangRaisins————Xinjiang54.ThemainformofChinesemarriageis_____.Answer:Monogamoussystem.55.WhenistheQingmingholiday<'thedayofClearnessandBrightness'inthelunarcalendar>?Whatarethewaysandcustomspeopleliketofollowontheday?Answer:Aroundthe5thofthelunarApril,peopleusuallygotothetombsandgravestopayrespectstotheirpassedawayrelatives,orgohikingontheoutskirts,orflykites.56.ThetraditionalDoubleNinthFestivalfallsonthe9thdayofthe9thlunarmonthinChina.Whatisthefestivalnow?Answer:Thefestivalfortheelderly.57.WhatisthelastdayofthelunaryearinChina?Answer:TheEveofthelunarNewYear,orthe30thofthe12lunarmonth.<Daniansanshi>.58.DuringtheSpringFestival,peopleoftenputupsomethingonbothsidesofthegatetofestoonthefestival.Whatarethey?Answer:SpringFestivalcouplets.59.Chinesepeopleliketousesomenumberstomeansomethinggoodindailylife.Whatdothesenumberssix,eightandninemean?Answer:Sixforsmoothness,eightforfortune,andnineforlongevity.60.Whatdothe"SevenNecessitiesofLife"meanindailylife?whichareoftenreferredtobyChinesepeople.Answer:Firewood,rice,oil,salt,soy,vinegarandtea,61.ChinabegantousepapercurrencyduringtheSongDynasty,thefirstofitskindintheworld.Whatwasthiskindofcurrencycalledatthattime?Answer:Jiaozi.62.WhowasthescientistintheMingDynasty,whohadlearnedWesternscience,translatedElements<幾何原本>andcompiledCompleteTreatiseonAgriculture<農(nóng)政全書>?Answer:XuGunangqi.63.Chinesepeopleinancienttimesusedsheetsofbambooaswritingmedia.Itiscalled?<Picture:Bambooslip>Answer:Bambooslip.64.Whatis"帛書"?<Picture:Bookcopiedonsilk>Answer:ItisthebookwrittenonthesilkbyancientChinese.65.WhomadeChina'sfirstairplane?Answer:FengRu<1883-1912>,borninEnping,Guangdong.Hedesignedandproducedanairplaneandsucceededinatestflyin1909.66.OnewayoftraditionalChinesemedicinetotreatpatientsistoputfiliformneedlesintotheirbodyaccordingtocertainacupoints.Whatmethodisitcalled?Answer:Acupunctureandmoxibustion.67.TreatiseonFebrileandMiscellaneousDiseases<傷寒雜病論>waswrittenbyintheHanDynastywhowashonoredbylatergenerationsasa"MasterDoctor"?Answer:ZhangZhongjing.68.SunSimiao,awell-knownphysicianoftheTangDynasty,compiledacollectionoftraditionalChineseherbalmedicines,providingmorethan6000dosesofpreparedprescription,honoredbyTaoistsas"KingofMedicines",whatisthenameofthecollection?Answer:EssentialPrescriptionsWorthaThousandPricesofGold<千金藥方>69.LiShizhen,medicalscientistoftheMingDynasty,spent30yearstocompileahugework,whichintroduced1892kindsoftraditionalChineseherbalmedicines.Thisworkiscalled.Answer:CompendiumofMateriaMedica70.XuXiake,ChinesetravelerandgeologistoftheMingDynasty,hadmadeinspectiontoursof16provincesacrossChinain34years,andjotteddownwhateverhesaweveryday.Hefinallywroteabook,knownasthebestgeographictravelogueinancientChina.Thisbookis.Answer:XuXiake'sTravelNotes<徐霞客游記>71.WhatweretheancientChina'sfourgreatinventions?Answer:Thecompass,gunpowder,papermakingandprinting.72.China'sfirstanthologyofancientpoetryis__________;with305poemscollected,itisalsoknownas"ThreeHundredPoems."Answer:ShiJing.<TheBookofSongs>73.WhatisthetypicalworkofthegreatpoetQuYuanduringtheWarringStatesperiod?Answer:LiSao,Chuci.<TheLamenti,TheelegiesofChu.>.74.Fillintheblank:Chinaboastsawealthofancientmythology,ofwhichthelargestnumberofmythologiesappearedinthe___________.Answer:ShanHaiJing.<TheClassicofMountainsandRivers>75.Ineachstageofitsdevelopment,Chineseliteratureboastedaspecifictypeofliteraryformmarkingthehighestachievementofitsown.Pleaseconnectwithlinesthefollowingliteraryformswiththeircorrespondingstage.HanDynastyPoetryTangDynastyProse-poetry<賦>SongDynastyZaju<雜劇>Ming&QingdynastiesCi<詞>YuanDynastyNovelAnswer:HanDynasty————prose-poetryTangDynasty————PoetrySongDynasty————CiMing&Qingdynasties————novelYuanDynasty————Zaju76.TherewasagreatpoetoftheTangDynastyknownasa"banishedimmortal"poet.Whoishe?Answer:LiBai.77.TherewasagreatpoetoftheTangDynastywhosepoemsareregardedas"historyofpoetry."Whoisthepoet?Answer:DuFu.78.WhoisthewriterofthelongnarrativepoemsChanghengeandPipaXing?Answer:BaiJuyi.79.WhatisthenameofanovelinwhichtheMonkeyKingisthemaincharacter?Whoisitsauthor?Answer:JourneytotheWest,WuCheng'en.80.TheclassicalChinesenovelJourneytotheWestwritteninthevernacularisbasedonthestoryofMonkXuanzang'spilgrimagetothewesternTianzhuinsearchoftheBuddhistscriptures.Whichplacedoes"Tianzhu"referto?A.AncientArabiaB.AncientIndiaC.AncientPersia,D.AncientRomeAnswer:B.AncientIndia.81.WuSongandSongJiangarecharactersinafamousnovel,whatisthenameofthenovel?Whoisthewriterofthenovel?Answer:OutlawsoftheMarshes,ShiNai'an.82.WhatisthenameofanovelinwhichZhuGeliangandCaoCaoarecharacters?Answer:TheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.83.WhatwasthefirstnovelwritteninthevernacularinthemodernhistoryofChineseliterature?Whatisthenameoftheauthor?Answer:TheDiaryofaMadman,byLuXun.84.InwhichnoveldidLuXundepictanintellectualwhowasdeeplyinfluencedanddefiledbythefeudalcivilservicerecruitmentexaminationsystemandeventuallyhadtomakealivingonstealingbooks?Answer:KongYiji.85.Whoisthewriterofthesaganovels,TheRickshawBoy,FourGenerationsunderOneRoof,andthedramasTeahouse,Longxugou,etc.?Answer:LaoShe.86.WhocreatedtheTurbulentcurrentTrilogywhichiscomposedofFamily,Spring,andAutumn?Answer:BaJin.87.WhoistheauthoroftheRuralTrilogy<SpringSilkworm,AutumnHarvest,andRemnantWinter>?Answer:MaoDun.88.GoddessisthetypicalworkofChina'snewpoetrymovement.Whoistheauthorofthiswork?Answer:GuoMoruo.89.Whoisthemostinfluentialswordsmenfictionwriterfromthe1950suptonowinHongKong?Answer:Jinyong.<Picture>90.InChina'scontemporaryliterature,ZhuZiqingisafamousprosewriterwhosemostrenownworkare_______,BeiYing,<MyFather'sRecedingFigure>etc.Answer:HeTangYueSe91.Connectthefollowingwriterstotheirworks.MaoDunLettertotheLittleReadersYangShuoTheSongofthePoplarBingXinTheHoneyofLitchiAnswer:MaoDun————SongofPoplarYangShuo————HoneyofLichiBingXin————LettertotheLittleReader92.WhataretheunifiedandsetstandardsforthephonetictranscriptionsofChinesecharacters?Answer:SchemefortheChinesePhoneticAlphabet.93.TheChinesepeopleoftencallthemselves"theoffspringofYanandHuang."Whatdoes"yan"and"huang"referto?Answer:EmperorYandiandEmperorHuangdi.94.PleaseconnecttheheroesinChina'shistoricallegendstotheircorrespondingstories.PanGuCreatedChinesecharactersNvwaSeparatedheavenfromearthCangjieCreatedhumanbeingsAnswer:PanGu————SeparatedheavenfromearthNvwa————CreatedhumanbeingsCangjie————CreatedChinesecharacters95.WhowasthemostfamousphilosopheroftheSpringandAutumnperiod?Answer:Confucius.96.Whatwasthemilitary<socialandpolitical>systemoftheManchunationalityintheQingDynasty?Answer:TheEightBannersSystem.97.WhowastheleaderofthepeasantrebelarmythatattackedBeijingandendedtheMingDynasty?Answer:LiZicheng.98.InthehistoryofChinatherewasafamousnationalherowhodefeatedtheDutchcolonistsin1662andreoccupiedTaiwan.Whatishisname?Answer:ZhengChenggong.99.InthemodernhistoryofChina,oneofthepeasantuprisingswasknownasthelargestinscaleandthelongestinduration?Whichonewasitandwhowasitsleader?Answer:KingdomofHeavenlyPeace;HongXiuquan.100.In1898,EmperorGuangxuoftheQingDynastyorderedtocarryouttheConstitutionalReformandModernization.Whatwasthisincidencecalledinhistory?Answer:HundredDay'sReform.OrReformMovementof1898.101.WhatwasthemassorganizationfightingagainsttheEight-powerAlliedForcesinBeijingandTianjin?Answer:Yihetuan.OrBoxersUprising102.TheRevolutionof1911inthemodernhistoryofChinasucceededtooverthrowtheruleoftheQingDynastyandestablishedtheRepublicofChina.WhowasthefirstprovisionalPresidentoftheRepublicofChina?Answer:SunYat-sen<SunWen>.103.InthecontemporaryandmodernhistoryofChina,therewerequiteanumberoffamouspersonalities,whohadstudiedabroad,pleaseconnecttheirnamesbelowtothecountrieswheretheyhadstudied.DengXiaopingUSALuXunJapanSongQinglingFranceAnswer:DengXiaoping————FranceLuXun————JapanSongQingling————USA104.WhichisthelargestmuseuminChina?Answer:ThePalaceMuseumofBeijing.105.WhenwasTiananmenfirstbuilt?Answer:DuringtheMingDynasty.106.Whatdoes"threefriendsinwinter"refertoinChinesepaintings?"Answer:Thepine,bambooandplum.107.InthevariousstylesofChineseboxing,somearecharacterizedbyslowmovements,softandtactful.Whatisthetypicalofthem?Whendidsuchstyleofboxingfirstappear?Answer:Taijiquan.AtthebeginningoftheQingDynasty.108.HowmanyscriptsarethereinChinesecalligraphy?Answer:sealcharacters,officialscript,runningscript,cursivescript,andregularscript.<Picture>109.Therewasafamouscalligrapherhonoredasthe"GreatMasterCalligrapher"intheJinDynastywhohadwrittenthePrefacetotheOrchidPavilionCollection<蘭亭序>.Whatwashisname?Answer:WangXizhi.110.WhowerethefourfamousscriptcalligraphersofancientChina?Answer:OuyangXun,YanZhenqing,LiuGongquan,andZhaoMengfu.111.TheSuiandTangdynastiessawthezenithofclassicalpaintinginChina,togetherwithanumberoftalentedpainterscomingforth,whoofthemwashonoredasthe"MasterPainter"oftheTangDynasty?Answer:WuDaozi.112.Thebest-knownFestivalofPureBrightnessontheRiver<清明上河圖>presentsavividpictureofthebustlingmarketplaceonthebanksoftheBianRiverofKaifengcity,reflectingeveryaspectofthesociallifeintheNorthernSongDynasty.Whowasitspainter?Answer:ZhangZeduan.113.ClassicalChinesemusicisstilldevelopinginthemodernworld.ThefamoussolomusicErquanyingyue<TheSecondMoon-ReflectingSpring>playedwithErhu<atwo-stringmusicalinstrument>isoneofthem.Whoisthewriter?Answer:HuaYanjun<ABing>114.Pleaselinkupthefollowingnamesoflocationtotheirrespectivefamousarchitecture.NanchangcityYellowCraneTowerYueyangcityTengwangPavilionWuchangcityYueyangTowerAnswer:Nanchangcity————TengwangPavilionYueyangcity————YueyangTowerWuchangcity————YellowCraneTower115.Pleaseconnectthefollowingminoritiestotheirrespectivemajorfestivals:YiSongFestivalDaiLesserBairamHuiTorchlightFestivalZhuangWater-SprinklingFestivalMongolNadamFairAnswer:Yi————TorchlightFestivalDai————Water-SprinklingFestivalHui————LesserBairamZhuang————SongFestivalMongol————NadamFair116.Pleaselinkupwithalinetothe