12.狀語從句講義新高一上學(xué)期初升高英語銜接

初高中英語語法連接材料第十二講：狀語從句AdverbialClause定義：在句中起到副詞的功能，修飾主句或主句中動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞的從句，叫做副詞性從句。按其在句子充當(dāng)?shù)某煞謩澐?，又稱為狀語從句。狀語從句的分類狀語從句依據(jù)表達(dá)的意思，可分為9類：時(shí)間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、緣由狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、目的狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、條件狀語從句、方式狀語從句和比較狀語從句。U個(gè)坳屬連詞：放在從句前面特點(diǎn)乖序：用陳述句語序1位置：可位于主句前或后；位于主句前時(shí)，一般用逗號與主句隔開.時(shí)間狀語從句：when,as,while,after,before,since,once,until,till,assoonas,「everytime/eachtime,themoment,theminute,immediately,directly,instantly等.地點(diǎn)狀語從句：where,wherever等狀評3.緣由狀語從句：because,since,as,now（that）等從句4.讓步？與語從句：although,though,evenif,eventhough,as（用于倒裝句）,whether...。!；noJmatterwhat/who/how/when（=whatever/whoever/九種 hov/ever/whenever）,while（一般置于句首）類型5.條件狀語從句:if,unless,so/aslongas,onconditionthat,suppose/supposing（that）,providing/providedthat等6.結(jié)果狀語從句：sothat,so...that...,such...that..等?L0的狀語從句:sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase等8.比擬狀語從句:as…as,notso/as...as,than等9,方式狀語從句:as,asif,asthough1.時(shí)間狀語從句（AdverbialClauseofTime）常見附屬連詞：when,while,as當(dāng)時(shí)候,在期間，隨著，whenever無論彳可時(shí)，assoonas—就，until,till,直至U 為止，not....until直至U 才，before在之前，after在之后，since自從以后，bythetime至U 的時(shí)候特別附屬連詞（組）：immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theinstant,theminute,thesecond立亥U，—就hardly...when...,nosooner…than...,scarcely...when...剛剛 ,就once（一旦；一 就）eachtime,everytime〔每一次，每一次）⑴when,while,as,whenever引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句★when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候〃。WhenIwasyounger,Ialwaysstayeduplatebeforethefinalexam.在我年少的時(shí)候，我總是在考試前熬夜。Whenshestopstalkingtome,Iknowsheisangry.as/solongaswekeeptrying.只要我們不停嘗試，總有一天會勝利。.方式狀語從句(AdverbialClauseofManner)方式狀語從句常常由as,asif和asthough引導(dǎo)。as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句，表示“依據(jù)……方式、正如……〃。HedidasIhadasked,他依據(jù)我的要求做的。asif和asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句a.asif和asthough表示“好似，仿佛〃。Shelooksasif/thoughshe'sangry.她看起來好似生氣了。b.假如asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的從句是“主句+系動(dòng)詞〃的結(jié)構(gòu)，且該主語和主句規(guī)律主語一致，可省略“主語+系動(dòng)詞〃。Helefttheroomasif(hewas)inanger.他離開了房間，好似生氣了。Shepausedasif(shewas)waitingforhimtospeak.她停下來，好似在等他說話。Hestoodupasif(hewas)tosaysomethingimportant.他站起來，好似要說重要的事。.比較狀語從句(AdverbialClauseofparison)(1)同級比較常用as...as,表示“和一樣；notas/so…as…結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“不如〃。YouspeakEnglishaswellasshedoes.你和她英語說得一樣好。Hedoesn'tspeakEnglishas/sowellasyoudo.他英語沒你說得好。Hisvoiceisnotasgoodasyours.他的聲音沒你的好聽。⑵差級比較a.常用“...than...”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“比 ”。HerunsfasterthanIdo.他跑得比我快。b.比較狀語從句假如用省略結(jié)構(gòu)，than后面接人稱代詞時(shí)，人稱代詞用賓格。HeissmarterthanIam/me.他比我聰慧。c.兩個(gè)不同的人或物在同一方面的比較，為了防止重復(fù)，常用that或those來代替主語。TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuilin.北京的天氣比桂林的天氣冷。TheapartmentsinBeijingaremoreexpensivethanthoseinGuilin.北京的房子比桂林的貴。狀語從句的省略［2020課標(biāo)全國I卷］1.Lateron,IneverquitwhenIwasfacedwithachallenge.［用省略句改寫)—>Lateron,Ineverquit.［2020課標(biāo)全國H卷］Whenwepickedfruitonthefarm,wealsopromotedourunderstandingofagriculture.〔用省略句改寫）一,wealsopromotedourunderstandingofagriculture.[2019課標(biāo)全國HI卷]按方案，它將于下周日下午5點(diǎn)到8點(diǎn)在操場進(jìn)行。Keys:.whenfacedwithachallenge.Whenpickingfruitonthefarm.Asscheduled,itwillbeheldontheplaygroundfrom5p.m.to8p.m.nextSunday.模擬練習(xí)與真題再現(xiàn).wedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone..Letsnotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendsotheygetsweetenoughtobeeaten..birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes..Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleyoufigureitout..onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive..1reallyenjoylisteningtomusicithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday..theaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor..Justasinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph..thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.10.ltissocoldthatyoucan*tgooutsidefullycoveredinthickclothes.11.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblemwecansolveit.12.scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldon*tknow.13.heoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.14.thejobtakesasignificantamountoftime,moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.15.1believeyouwillhaveawonderfultimehereyougettoknoweveryoneelse.16.Thereisonlyonemoredaytogoyourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.7.1fyoumissthischance,itmaybeyearsyougetanotherone..Themeaningoftheword"nice"changedafewtimesitfinallycametoincludethesense"pleasant"..Youwillnevergainsuccessyouarefullydevotedtoyourwork..Theyoungcouple,whoreturnedmylostwallet,leftIcouldaskfortheirnames.21.Itwasthemiddleofthenightmyfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.1fsmucheasiertomakefriendsyouhavesimilarinterests..HesmiledpolitelyMaryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends..MarkneedstolearnChinesehispanyisopeningabranchinBeijing..Youmustlearntoconsultyourfeelingsandyourreasonyoureachanydecision..Shesaysthatshe'llhavetoclosetheshopbusinessimproves.7.1haveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyouIcamebackfromabroad.8.1hadhardlygottotheofficemywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce..Everythingwasplacedexactlyhewanteditforthegraduationceremony..hardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat..Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisentherewasnothingayearagobutruins..Hotthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney..1fyouhappentogetlostinthewild,you'dbetterstayyouareandwaitforhelp..Mankindmustfirstofalleat,drink,haveshelterandclothingitcanpursuepolitics,science,artandreligion..Hehasn'tgotanyhobbiesyoucallwatchingTVahobby..Motheroftenremindsmethatthebestthingonecandoitisrainingistoletitrain..lttookwhatseemedtobeyearstheactressfinallyturnedup,whichmadethejournalistsaswellasaudiencesdisappointedandangry..Asisreported,itismorethan100yearsTsinghuaUniversitywasfounded..Itwouldbealmostacenturyaneffortwouldbegintoturnbackthisdamage.（2021唐山期末考試）40.Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackhewenttobed.1.ItwasquitealongtimeIfiguredoutwhathadhappenedtothemanager..（2021全國乙卷）Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconceptthelate1980s..（2020?全國HI卷）heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary（傳奇的）artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver..（2019-天津卷）Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents,opinionhewantstheirsupport.參考答案：l.If2.that3.Although/While/Though4.until/till5.While/Although/Though6.because/as7.As8.as9.0nce/IflO.unlessILbefore12.Although/While/Though13.Where14.Although/While/Though15.once/if16.before17.before18上efore19.unless20.before21.when22.when23.as/when24.since/as/because25.before26.unless27.since28.when29.where30.However31.where32.as/though33.where34.before35.unless36.when/while37.before38.since39.before40.that42.until43.When/As44.unless當(dāng)她不跟我說話時(shí)，我就知道她生氣了。Iwasthinkingofyouwhenyoutextedme.我正想你你就給我發(fā)信息了。Whenhecameoutofthebank,thethieffollowedhimhome.（當(dāng)他從銀行出來以后，小偷一路跟蹤他回家。while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“在……期間〃，"與……同時(shí)〃。當(dāng)主從句的動(dòng)詞都是可連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的時(shí)候，從句常用while引導(dǎo)。WhileIwaswaitingformytaxi,threebuseswentby.在我等出租時(shí)，駛過了三輛公交。SheisplayingvideogameswhileI'mhavinglunch.我在吃午飯的時(shí)候，她正在玩嬉戲。as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)〃、"隨著〃，表示某事發(fā)生的過程中，另一件事也在發(fā)生。Shesatwatchinghimashegaveapublicspeech.她一直坐著看他做公開演講。Ashegrewolder,heunderstoodtheimportanceofmodesty.隨著年齡增，他明白了虛心的重要性。whenever作附屬連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“無論何時(shí)，在任何的時(shí)候”或“每當(dāng)，每次〃。Youcanaskmeforhelpwheneveryouneedit.你假如需要我關(guān)心，隨時(shí)可以提出來。Wheneverwehangout,hebringsafriend.每次我們出去玩，他都帶著個(gè)伴侶?！铩铩飛hen,while,as這三個(gè)詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí),有什么不同呢？when可以表示一個(gè)特定時(shí)間點(diǎn)，而while往往表示的是一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間（同as）。Whenthephonerang,Iwascooking.當(dāng)響的時(shí)候，我正在做飯。（響的那一刻是特定時(shí)間點(diǎn)〕While/AsIwascooking,thephonerang.當(dāng)我做飯的時(shí)候， 響了。（做飯占用的是一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間）when（當(dāng)……時(shí)候）引導(dǎo)的從句動(dòng)作可以發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前、之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生，while和as（在期間、隨著）主從動(dòng)作往往同時(shí)發(fā)生：Whenhearrivedhome,hewenttobed.當(dāng)他回到家之后，他上床睡覺了。WhenIgotthere,thepartywasalreadyover.當(dāng)我到那兒以后，聚會已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。當(dāng)主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，且從句動(dòng)作為連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，三者皆可用：When/While/Ashewasplayingputergameintheoffice,thebosscamein.當(dāng)他在辦公室玩電腦嬉戲的時(shí)候，老板進(jìn)來了。★表示“一……就……〃的附屬連詞（短語）引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句assoonas，once，immediately，directly，instantly，themoment/instant/minute/second；hardly...when,nosooner...than,scarcely...when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，表示“一……就……〃。Assoonashegetshere,we'rereadytogo.他——至U我彳門就可以開頭。Idon*tknowwhattodoonceI'msurroundedbypeople.一旦四周都是人，我就手足無措。ThemomentIseeyou,Iwanttogiveyouabearhug.我一你,就想給你一個(gè)熊抱。Hecalleddirectly/immediatelyhegotmymessage.他一看到我信息就給我打 了。留意:nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely…nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely…when…放在句首時(shí),主句用局部倒裝Hehadnosoonersaiditthansheburstintotears.他話音剛落，她就哭了。Nosoonerhadhesaiditthansheburstintotears.Wehadhardly/scarcelysatdownwhenthephonerang,我們剛坐下， 就響了。Hardly/Scarcelyhadwesatdownwhenthephonerang.until,tilLnot...until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句主句為確定時(shí)，until翻譯為“直到為止"；主句為否認(rèn)時(shí)，not...until翻譯為“直到……才"；till是until的非正式形式，一般狀況下可以互換，但till不行以置于句首，在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中until也不能改為tilLIhavealwayslivedaloneuntil/tillnow.=UntilnowIhavealwayslivedalone.直到現(xiàn)在，我一直獨(dú)自生活。I!mnotgoingoutuntilI'vefinishedthis.我要把這事做完了才出去。It*snotuntilnowthatsherealizesherfaults.直到現(xiàn)在她才意識到自己的錯(cuò)誤。before,after,since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句before作附屬連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，核心意思是“在……以前〃，但依據(jù)語境不同，又延長出“到……為止/才〃，“以免;不然〃和“寧可……而不愿〃的意思。Checkyourarticlecarefullybeforeyouhanditin.在你上交以前，認(rèn)真檢查你的文章。Itwasseveralyearsbeforeherealizedthatshehadlovedhim.過了好幾年他才意識到她曾愛過他。（等于until）Putitintoyourdrawerbeforeyouloseit.把它放到抽屜里，以免你丟了。（等于incase〕Shewoulddiebeforesheapologized.她寧死也不抱歉。after作附屬連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“在……以后"。Severalyearsaftertheyhadsplitup,theymetagainbychanceinBeijing.他們分手幾年后，在北京又偶然相遇。since作附屬連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“從……以后；自從……以來〃。Hehasn'tcalledsincehewenttowork.自從他去上班后,都還沒打來過 。Shehadbeenathomesincethecitywentintoa14daylockdown.自從這個(gè)城市開頭14天的封城以來，她一直待在家。Howlongisitsincewelastwenttothetheatretogether?我們多久沒有一起去看戲了？bythetime,eachtime,everytime引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句bythetime表示“到時(shí)候”，表示動(dòng)作在某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前已經(jīng)完成，主句通常用過去完成時(shí)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r(shí)。Bythetimewearrived,someonehadgrabbedallthegoodseats.我們到達(dá)時(shí)，全部好位置都被人占了。Bythetimethisletterreachesyou,Iwillhaveleftthecountry.你收到這封信的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)離開這個(gè)國家了。beachtime,everytime等表示時(shí)間的名詞短語引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“每當(dāng)”“每次〃。Everytime/EachtimeIseehim,heisworkinghard.我每次到他，他都正在努力工作。.地點(diǎn)狀語從句（AdverbialClauseofPlace）地點(diǎn)狀語從句可以由where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere來弓【導(dǎo)，可放在主句之前或之后。where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句a.表示特定地點(diǎn)：Heliveswherethereisabookstore.他住的地方四周有書店。b.表示抽象意義：例：Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.（有志者事竟成。）★如何區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的定語從句和where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句？where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，從句前應(yīng)當(dāng)有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞，而狀語從句那么不用。比較：Wewillstartwherewestopped.[where作附屬連詞，引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句〕Wewillstartfromtheplacewherewestopped.（where作關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞theplace）〔2〕wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句HewouldgoanywhereIgo.我去哪兒，他就去哪兒。.緣由狀語從句（AdverbialClauseofCause）常用附屬連詞because,as,since（由于，由于，既然）特別附屬連詞（組）nowthat,inthat,seeingthat,consideringthat（既然，由于，鑒于，考慮到……）because,as,since引導(dǎo)緣由狀語從句，表示“由于 "或"既然 "。IwaspunishedbecauseIwaslate.（由于我遲到了，所以受了懲處。）Shemightneedsomehelpasshe'snew.由于她是新來的，所以她可能需要一些關(guān)心。Sinceyouwon*ttalktome,I'lltalktosomeoneelse.你既然不跟我說話，我跟別人說去。★because,as,since,for都可以表示“由于"，它們之間有什么區(qū)分？because作為附屬連詞，表示直接緣由，一般用來答復(fù)why的提問。Theywenttoprisonbecausetheyviolatedthelaw.他們因犯法而入獄。ItisbecauseIlikeEnglishthatIkeeppracticingiteveryday.正是由于我喜愛英語，我才每天堅(jiān)持練習(xí)。Shebelievesinhim,notbecauseheissmartbut(because)heisloyal.她信任他，不是由于他聰慧，而是由于他忠誠。留意：①只有because可以用在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)itisbecause…that…中；②只有because前面可以加not來表強(qiáng)調(diào)。)since作為附屬連詞，核心意思是“自從……以來〃，突出的是時(shí)間先后，表示看到一個(gè)顯而易的事實(shí)以后，依據(jù)這個(gè)事實(shí)(緣由)來做下一步準(zhǔn)備(結(jié)果)。SinceIwasinthearea,I'dbetterstopbyandseeher.既然已經(jīng)到了這個(gè)地方，我就該順便去看看她。as作為附屬連詞，意思是“正因如此〃，表示大家都道的事實(shí)。Asnobodywantstomakefriendswithhim,hefeltlonely.正由于沒人原意和他交伴侶，他覺得很孤獨(dú)。for表”由于〃時(shí)，是并列連詞，用來引出“擺在眼前的因素〃，放在句中，是書面用語。Itmusthaverained,forthegroundiswet.剛剛確定下雨了，由于地是濕的。nowthat,inthat,seeingthat,consideringthat弓|導(dǎo)緣由狀語從句nowthat表示“既然〃，常用于口語，指的是雙方對話時(shí)，提到的事正在發(fā)生或剛發(fā)生過(that可以省略)Now(that)youmentionedit,hedidseemtobeinastrangemood.既然你說到這事兒，他確實(shí)心情不太對。inthat表示“緣由在中〃，常用于正式表達(dá)。Shewasluckyinthatherfriendhelpedherout.她很幸運(yùn)，由于她伴侶幫她了一把。seeingthat表示“鑒于；由于"。Seeingthatthehouseistooexpensive,heisunlikelytobuyit.鑒于這個(gè)房子太貴，他不太可能買它。consideringthat表示"考慮到 "(that可省略〕。Considering(that)she'sjustabeginner,shelearnsquitefast.鑒于她還是個(gè)初學(xué)者，她學(xué)得還挺快的了。4.結(jié)果狀語從句（AdverbialClauseofResult）結(jié)果狀語從句一般位于主句之后，常用來引導(dǎo)此從句的附屬連詞有sothat,so...that,such...thato⑴sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，表示“所以〃oHespokeclearly,sothateverybodyunderstoodhim.他講話講得很清晰，所以大家都聽懂了。留意：sothat依據(jù)語境，也可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，表示“以便〃。比較：Welefthomeearlysothatwegotthereontime.我們離家早，所以我們準(zhǔn)時(shí)到了。Isothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句〕Welefthomeearlysothatwewouldgetthereontime.我們離家早以便可以準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)到。［s。that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句）⑵s。…that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，表示“如此……以至于〃，so后面接形容詞或副詞。Shelookedsostunningthateverybodywaswatchingher.她當(dāng)時(shí)看起來太驚艷了，以至于每個(gè)人在看她。HeplayedthemusicsoloudthatIcouldn'tfallsleep.他音樂放得太大聲，以至于我沒法睡。（3）such…that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句,表示“如此以至于"，such后面接名詞。Themoviewassuchasuccessthatitwontheaward.這電影太勝利了以至于獲了獎(jiǎng)。留意：有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞或副詞，可以把so或such局部置于句首，從句需倒裝〔“倒裝句〃專題會詳解）。Sotiredwasshethatshecouldbarelykeephereyesopen.她太困了以至于眼睛都睜不開了。Suchishisinfluenceonherthatsheoftensulksbecauseofhismoodswings.他對她影響非常大，以至于她常常由于他的心情波動(dòng)而生悶氣。5.的狀語從句(5.的狀語從句(AdverbialClauseofPurpose)常用附屬連詞sothat,inorderthat（以便，為了〕特別附屬連詞lest,forfearthat,incase（以免，生怕，以防萬一）⑴sothat,inorderthat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，都表示“以便、為了〃的意思。Shespedupinorderthatshewouldnotbelate.她加速了，為了不要遲到。Pleasespeakloudlyso(that)everybodyintheroomcanhearyou.為了讓在座的各位聽清晰，請你說話大聲點(diǎn)兒。So(that)/InorderthatIcanmakeittohisbirthdayparty,Ineedtofinishtheessayassoonaspossible.為了趕去他的生日宴會，我得盡快寫完論文。留意：引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句表”為了〃的so(that)是附屬連詞，但引導(dǎo)并列句表“所以〃的so是并列連詞。要看詳細(xì)句意，不要混淆兩者屬性。比較：Heleftme,soIcried.他離開我，所以我哭了。 [so是并列連詞，表示“所以〃，只能放句中。)So(that)hewon'tleaveme,Icried.我哭為了讓他不離開我。)(sothat起附屬連詞作用，表示“為了〃，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。一般放句中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)可放句首。)Icriedsohewontleaveme,(可有兩種理解：①我哭了，所以他不會離開我。②我哭了，為了他不離開我。)問：inorderthat,inorderto,soasto都表示“為了〃，有什么區(qū)分？答：[1)當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致時(shí)，inorderthat+后面的從句可以直接用inordertodosth.來替換。對比：Heworksveryhardinorderthathecanbringhomethebacon.他工作很努力，以便能養(yǎng)家糊口。Heworksveryhardinordertobringhomethebacon.(2)inorderto可以放句首、句中；soasto只能放句中。對比：Inordertobringhomethebacon,heworksveryhard.Heworksveryhardsoastobringhomethebacon.(2)lest/forfearthat/incase表示“以防〃。Alwaysmakeabackupofyourworklest/forfearthatyoursystem(should)crash.永久要記得備份文件，以防你的電腦系統(tǒng)崩潰。Takeanotherbatterywithyouincaseyouneedit.多帶一個(gè)電池，以防不時(shí)之需。6.讓步狀語從句(AdverbialClauseofConcession)常用附屬連詞though,although(雖然;盡管)特別附屬連詞eventhough,evenif(雖然/盡管，即使)as〔雖然〕nomatter+疑問詞，疑問詞everwhether…or…(是還是)while(雖然)although和though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句a.這兩個(gè)附屬連詞都表示“雖然，盡管〃之意，although比though更正式。Although/Thoughsheiseagertominglewithotherguests,shestillfindsithardtoblendin.盡管她很想和其他客人打成一片，但仍覺得很難融入。Shelikeshimthoughsheneversaysathingaboutit.她挺喜愛他的，盡管她從未說起過。b.though作附屬連詞引導(dǎo)的讓步從句假如有“主語+be動(dòng)詞“結(jié)構(gòu)，且該主語和主句規(guī)律主語一致，為了簡潔，可以省略。Heisagoodman,though(heis)ratherinarticulate.他是個(gè)好人，雖然不善言辭。Itispossible,though(itis)difficult.這事雖難，但還是可以辦到的。留意：though還可以作副詞，表“然而，不過，可是〃，常常用于句末補(bǔ)充說明，減弱語氣。Welost.Itwasagoodgamethough.我們輸了，可是這也不失為一場好比賽。eventhough和evenif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，兩者都表“即使〃之意，可以互換，由于有表示“甚至〃的副詞even在前，所以語氣較although強(qiáng)，同時(shí)if可表示假設(shè)。Ilikeher,eventhough/evenifshecanbeannoyingattimes.盡管她有時(shí)候挺招人煩的，但是我還是喜愛她。Wewon'tgiveupevenifweshouldfail100times.即使失敗了一百次我們也不放棄。as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句一般放在主句之前，用倒裝語序，從句中的表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形置于句首，同時(shí)as可以與though互換。Beautifulas/thoughsheis,Idon'tlikeher.她雖然美麗，但是我不喜愛她。Hardas/thoughhetried,hefailedtoloseweight.雖然他努力嘗試，但仍沒能勝利減肥。Cryasyoumay,thingswillnotgetbetter.你盡管哭，事情也不會有轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)的。Newrecruitassheis,shealwaysgivesdeepinsightsandusefuladvice.盡管她是新人，她總是能給出有深度的解和有用的建議?！币蓡栐~+詞尾ever”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，表示“不管〃和”不管”的意思。這類型的詞有：whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,w