高中英語人教版練習(xí)UNIT4SectionBReadingandThinking

UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSSectionBReadingandThinking課后篇鞏固提升必備知識基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Whentherunnersgottothefinishingline,allofthemwerequiteoutof(breathe).

答案breath2.Theirinventionshavecontributedtothedevelopmentof(electricity)engineering.

答案electrical3.Ignoringthedanger,herushedintothefiretorescuethose(trap)inthehouse.

答案trapped4.ItiswellknownthatancientGreecewasafountainof(wise)andphilosophy.

答案wisdom5.WhenIfinallygottothemeetingroom,thediscussionhadalreadyetoend.

答案an6.Nearlytwo(three)ofthestudentsinourclasslikeplayingfootball.

答案thirds7.Theaudienceapplaudedwhenthechairmangotuponhis(foot)tospeak.

答案feet8.Thenumberofstudentsinthisschoolhasincreased20percentthisyear.

答案by9.Istillremembervisitingafriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.

答案wasshocked10.The65yearoldSteveGoodwinwasfound(suffer)fromearlyAlzheimer’s.(2019·江蘇卷)

答案sufferingⅡ.短語填空blowaway,lookup,falldown,etoanend,sufferfrom,nothingbut,cutacross,inshock,inruins,digout1.Theyhadalreadyreachedanagreementbeforethemeeting.

答案cametoanend2.Amongobesechildren,about30percentalsohighlevelsofbloodsugarandfat.

答案sufferfrom3.Formilesaroundme,therewasadesert,withoutasingleplantortreeinsight.

答案nothingbut4.Aftertheheavyfloodtwomonthsago,thewholevillagewasleft.

答案inruins5.Theytriedtoacaveinthesideofthemountainforshelterthatnight.

答案digout6.Soonastrongwindpassedthroughandthecloudsinthesky.

答案blewaway7.Pleasethewordinthedictionaryifyoudon’tknowhowtoreadit.

答案lookup8.Theearthquakediddamagetotheareawheremanyhouses.

答案felldown9.Inordertogainsometime,thetravellersmadeuptheirmindstothisfield.

答案cutacross10.Hewasstillfromwhathadhappenedearlierintheafternoon.

答案inshockⅢ.翻譯句子1.讓水龍頭的水一直流淌是錯誤的。(have...doing)答案Itiswrongtohavethewaterfromthetaprunningallthetime.2.看到那個歌手,她太興奮了,一句話也說不出來。(too...to...)答案Seeingthesinger,shewastooexcitedtospeak.3.烏云密布,看上去要下雨了。(Itlooksasif...)答案Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.4.每到一個地方,他就給自己發(fā)一張明信片。(everywhere引導(dǎo)的狀語從句)答案Everywherehegoes,hesendshimselfapostcard.5.我喜歡早晨鍛煉,因?yàn)榭諝夂粑饋砗苄迈r。(sthis+adj.+todo)答案Iliketoworkoutinthemorning,becausetheairissofreshtobreathe.關(guān)鍵能力提升練Ⅳ.閱讀理解PartsofAfricaarecoveredbyadarkcloud.Butthisisnoraincloud.Itisalivingcloudmadeofbillionsoflocusts(蝗蟲)thataretravellingacrossthecontinenteatingeverythingintheirpath.Andnowinthebattletostopthisdisaster,aradiostationinSenegal,WestAfrica,isofferinglisteners50kilogramsofriceiftheycancatchandkill50kilogramsoflocusts.“Wethinkthisideawillgetmorepeopletotakepartinthewaronthelocusts,”saidAbdoulayeBa,fromSudFm,aradiostationinoneofSenegal’sworstaffectedarea.ThisisWestAfrica’sbiggestlocustdisasterin15years,anditismovingeast,causinghugedamagetocrops.AstheymovetheyproduceyoungandincreasetheirnumberandwillsoonthreatenSudaninthenortheastofAfrica.SomesayitcouldreachAsia.Expertssaytheharmfuleffectoncropsinareasalreadysufferingfromfoodshortageandwarcouldcausemanypeopletogohungry.Governmentsintheareasarenotwellequippedtofightthepest.Althoughleadersof12countrieshaveagreedonaplan,itisnotexpectedtobeenough.“Wearenowtreating6,000hectares(公頃)perdaywithpesticide(殺蟲劑),butweneedtotreat20,000hectaresperdayinordertohaveanyhopeofcontrollingthisdisaster,”saidMohamedAbdallahiOuldBabah,directoroflocustcontrolinMauritania.Requestsarebeingmadeforinternationalaid,whichistheonlywaytolimitthedisaster,theUN’sFoodandAgricultureOrganizationwarned.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說明文。這篇短文講述的是非洲的部分地區(qū)遭受了非常嚴(yán)重的蝗蟲災(zāi)害,造成了很大的損失?，F(xiàn)在政府及其他國家的領(lǐng)袖都已經(jīng)采取措施,展開行動,消滅蝗蟲。電臺也呼吁更多的人加入與蝗蟲的戰(zhàn)斗中來。1.Byusing“darkcloud”todescribelocustsinthefirstparagraph,theauthorofthearticle.

A.showsthesizeandspeedofthemassoflocustsB.suggeststhegreatdamagethatlocustscancauseC.warnsthatlocustswouldsweepthecontinentlikeraincloudsD.bothAandB答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知,非洲部分地區(qū)被烏云覆蓋,但這并不是雨云,而是由數(shù)十億只蝗蟲組成的活云,它們正在穿越非洲大陸,吃掉路上的所有東西?？赏浦?這里是用烏云來形容蝗蟲的大小、速度和危害。故選D項(xiàng)。2.Thestoryismainlyabout.

A.WestAfrica’sunitedeffortinfightingadisasterB.thedifficultyincontrollinglocustsC.howlocustscausedgreatdamagetoWestAfricaD.astruggletofightagainstadisasterbroughtbylocustsinWestAfrica答案D解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段可知,非洲部分地區(qū)被烏云覆蓋,但這并不是雨云,而是由數(shù)十億只蝗蟲組成的活云,它們正在穿越非洲大陸,吃掉路上的所有東西。結(jié)合文章主要講的是非洲西部發(fā)生的嚴(yán)重的蝗蟲災(zāi)害,而且各方面正為消滅蝗蟲而做著努力。由此可知,文章主要講述的是一場與西非蝗蟲帶來的災(zāi)難作斗爭的故事。故選D項(xiàng)。3.Thelocustdisaster.

A.wouldbeevenmoreseriousinAsiaB.isoutofcontrolC.affectedonlythewarningareasD.cannotbestoppedunlesstwiceasmuchpesticideisprovidedfortheaffectedareas答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“‘Wearenowtreating6,000hectaresperdaywithpesticide,butweneedtotreat20,000hectaresperdayinordertohaveanyhopeofcontrollingthisdisaster,’saidMohamedAbdallahiOuldBabah,directoroflocustcontrolinMauritania.”可知,毛里塔尼亞蝗蟲控制中心主任MohamedAbdallahiOuldBabah說:“我們現(xiàn)在每天要處理6000公頃的蝗蟲,但是我們需要每天處理20000公頃的蝗蟲,這樣才有希望控制這場災(zāi)難?！庇纱丝芍?蝗蟲災(zāi)害目前失去了控制。故選B項(xiàng)。4.WhichofthefollowingisWRONG?A.SudFmoffersarewardforfightinglocustssothatmorepeoplewilljoinintheeffort.B.SenegalistothesouthwestofSudan.C.ThelocustscancausesuchdamagemainlybecauseithasnonaturalenemyinWestAfrica.D.12countriesaffectedbylocustshaveunitedbutstilllackpesticide.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Andnowinthebattletostopthisdisaster,aradiostationinSenegal,WestAfrica,isofferinglisteners50kilogramsofriceiftheycancatchandkill50kilogramsoflocusts.”可知,現(xiàn)在,在阻止這場災(zāi)難的戰(zhàn)斗中,西非塞內(nèi)加爾的一家電臺向聽眾提供50千克大米,如果他們能夠捕捉并殺死50千克蝗蟲的話。由此可知,A選項(xiàng)“蘇丹南方發(fā)展聯(lián)盟—調(diào)頻廣播電臺為抗擊蝗蟲提供獎勵,以便更多的人參與這項(xiàng)努力”正確;根據(jù)第三段中“AstheymovetheyproduceyoungandincreasetheirnumberandwillsoonthreatenSudaninthenortheastofAfrica.”可知,B選項(xiàng)“塞內(nèi)加爾在蘇丹的西南部”正確;根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Althoughleadersof12countrieshaveagreedonaplan,itisnotexpectedtobeenough.”可知,盡管12個國家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已經(jīng)就一項(xiàng)計劃達(dá)成一致,但預(yù)計這還不夠。由此可知,D選項(xiàng)“受蝗蟲影響的12個國家已經(jīng)聯(lián)合起來,但仍然缺乏殺蟲劑”正確。只有C選項(xiàng)“蝗蟲能造成這樣的破壞主要是因?yàn)樗鼈冊谖鞣菦]有天敵”文章沒有提到,C選項(xiàng)錯誤。故選C項(xiàng)。Ⅴ.七選五Avolcanoisageologicallandformusuallycausedbytheeruptionthroughavent(火山口)inaplanet’ssurfaceofmagma(巖漿),moltenrockwellingupfromtheplanet’sinterior.1

Apopularwayofjudgingvolcanoesgoesbytheirfrequency(頻率)oferuption.2Thosethathaveeruptedinhistoricaltimesbutarenowquietcalleddormant(休眠的)andthosethathavenoteruptedinhistoricaltimescalledextinct.

3Thelifespanofavolcanocanvaryfrommonthstoseveralmillionyears,makingsuchadistinction(辨別)sometimesmeaninglesswhenparedtothelifespansofhumansorevencivilisations.Forexample,manyoftheearth’svolcanoeshaveerupteddozensoftimesinthepastfewthousandyearsbutarenotcurrentlyshowingsignsoferuption.Giventhelonglifespanofsuchvolcanoes,theyareveryactive.4

Scientistsusuallyconsideravolcanoactiveifitiscurrentlyeruptingorshowingsignsofunrest,suchasunusualearthquakeactivityorsignificantnewgasemissions.5Itisimportanttonotethatthespanofrecordedhistorydiffersfromregiontoregion.IntheMediterranean,recordedhistoryreachesbackmorethan3,000yearsbutinthePacificNorthwestoftheUnitedStates,itreachesbacklessthan300years,andinHawaii,littlemorethan200years.TheSmithsonianGlobalVolcanismprogramme’sdefinitionof“active”ishavingeruptedwithinthelast10,000years.

A.Byourlifes