新編大學英語4-unit-6-risks

Unit6

risksPartOnePreparation1.WhatIsRisk?2.RisksinJobs3.WhichActivityIsRiskier?4.WhyWouldPeopleLiketoTakeRisks?PartOne:Preparation>>WhatIsRisk?1.WhatisRisk

istheprobabilityoflosingsomethingofvalue.RISK?PartOne:Preparation>>WhatIsRisk?ThegreatestriskformostpeopleistheriskofTheRiskofrelationshipsandhappinessdeathhealth,safety,money,property,PartOne:Preparation>>RisksinJobs2.RisksinJobsWorkinpairstoclassifythefollowinglistofjobsaccordingtotherisksinvolvedinthejobs.Somejobshavedifferenttypesofrisks.RisksinJobsTask1Directions:Manyjobsinvolverisks.Someevenhaveseveralrisks.Workinpairstoclassifythefollowinglistofjobs.coal-miner stockbroker policeman president fireman singer lawyer teacherbusinessman pilot model writer farmer factoryworker psychiatristchemicalengineer computerprogrammer

RisksinJobsPhysicalRisksFinancialRisksEmotionalRiskscoal-minerpolicemanteacherpilotfiremanwriterfactoryworkerchemicalengineercomputerprogrammer

businessmanstockbrokerfarmerwriterpsychiatristlawyerpresidentteachersingerpsychologistwritermodelTask1

RisksinJobsDirections:Thoughmanyjobsinvolvedifferenttypesofrisks,westillhavetodoit.Watchthevideoanddiscusswithyourgroupmembersthefollowingquestions.

Doyouthinkpeopleinthevideoaredoingariskyjob?Doyouwishtoruntherisk?Whatdoyouthinkisthemostriskyjob?Why?

Task1VideoTask1ClicktostopandclickagaintocontinueRisksinEntertainingActivitiesTask2Peoplenowadaysarenolongercontenttothosetraditionalholidayexperiences.Theyareseekingmorethrillingactivities.Watchtheflash,youwillseeakindofexcitingbutveryriskyactivity.幻燈放映后在畫面上點右鍵選播放Task2Directions:Doyouliketheactivityintheflash?Thinkaboutthefollowingquestionsandtelltheclassyouranswers.RisksinEntertainingActivities

Listasmanyaspossibletheactivitiesyouthinkareexcitingandriskyaswell.Choosethemostriskyoneandtellwhyyouthinkso.Doyouprefermoretraditionaloneormorethrillingone?Riskactivities極限運動

X-Games,ExtremeGames

Parachute跳傘

BASEjump極限跳傘，定點跳傘自行車越野，小輪車運動

bicyclemotocross(BMX)Scubadiving潛水Surfing沖浪摩托車越野

motocross(MTX)攀巖

rockclimbing蹦極

bungeejumping滑板運動

skateboarding,skurfingRafting漂流Skiing滑雪TalkShowNowaninterestingnumberofstudentsinChinaareinterestedinriskysports,butaccidentshappensfromtimetotime.Peoplebegintoaskwhetheritisworthwhileforcollegestudentstodothosesports.Nowworkingroupstostageatalkshow,onememberactsasthehostandothermembertheguests,discussingtheproblem.Directions:

Readthefollowingquotesonriskandworkinpairstodiscusswhypeoplewouldliketotakerisks.

Mostpeoplecandoextraordinarythingsiftheyhavetheconfidenceortakethe

risks.Yetmostpeopledon’t.Theysitinfrontofthetellyandtreatlifeasifitgoesonforever.

—PhilipAndrewAdams

Howeverwellorganizedthefoundationsoflifemaybe,lifemustalwaysbefullofrisks.

—HenryHavelockEllisWhywouldpeopleliketotakerisks?In-ClassReadingRisksandYouPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Workinpairstoanswerthefollowingquestions.Whatisrisk?Couldyouthinkofasmanyrisksasyoucaninourlife?SampleRiskistheprobabilitythatsomethingbadwillhappen.Lifeisfullofrisks.Forexample,peoplemayhurtthemselveswhenridingbicyclesbygettinginvolvedintrafficaccidents.Apassengermaybekilledinanaircrash,orevenachildwillbefacedwithsharptoysandpoorchildcare.Theremaybenaturaldisasterssuchashurricane,tsunami,infectiousdiseasesordangerousflood.Itseemsthelistcouldgoonandon.Whatshouldwedoinfaceofrisks?SampleWhenfacedwithrisks,weshouldstaycalmandtrytogethelp.Sometimeswecantakemeasurestoreducetheprobabilitiesofrisks.Forinstance,wecanreducethespeedwhenridingbicyclesormotors;we’dbetternotgoswimmingalone;weshouldn’ttrydangerousgameswithoutanyguidanceorprotection.Weshouldstopchildrenfromplayingdangerousandharmfulgames.What’sthedifferenceandsimilaritybetweenhypochondriaandanxietyaboutrisks?SampleHypochondria,fearofdiseaseandsuspiciousofbeingillislikeanxietyaboutrisksinsomeway.Botharetheresultofpartialinformation.Butthebigdifferenceisthatthehypochondriaccanusuallyturntoaphysiciantoclarifythewholesituation.Thenheknowsclearlywhetherhehasthesuspecteddiseaseornot.Astotherisksoflife,thesituationisnotthatsimple,forrisksarealmostalwaysamatterofprobabilityratherthancertainty.Risksarealwaysamatterofprobabilityratherthancertainty.

(Para.1-3)comparisonbetweenhypochondriaandanxietyabouttherisksoflife:SimilarityDifferenceHypochondriaAnxiety

abouttheRisksofLifeInbothcases,thefearoranxietyfeedsonpartialinformation.Thehypochondriaccanturntoaphysiciantogetadefinitiveclarificationofthesituation.Risksareamatterofprobabilityratherthancertainty.Wecaninformourselvesabouttherelevantrisksbeforeanydecision-makingbymeasuringthelevelofarisk.

(Para.4-7)Weshouldinformourselvesabouttherelevant

risksbeforemakinganydecision.(Para.4)Example1Weneedtoknowtherelativesafetyoflargecarsandsmallcarsbeforeourpurchase.(Para.5)ProblemHowdowemeasurethelevelofarisk?(Para.6)Example2Whichactivityisriskier,ridinginacarormining?

(Para.6)SolutionRisklevelscanbeexpressedinratiosorfractions.(Para.6-7)Example3Miningisfourtimesriskierthanridinginacar.(Para.7)Conclusion

(para.8)Commonsenseandrelevantinformationarekeystomanagingrisksinasensibleway.Shewasallowedtokeepthebookindefinitely.

indefinitely(adv.)

(Line10,Para.1)她被允許無限期保存那本書。Translation那個關鍵的商務談判不能被無限期地推遲。Thatkeybusinesstalkshouldnotbepostponedindefinitely.

foraperiodoftimewithoutafixedlimit

無限期地definite–indefinite–indefinitely

definiteadj.clearlyknown,seen,orstated;withoutanyuncertainty明確的,一定的Exercise我們定一下下次比賽的確切日期吧。Let'sfix_____________forthenextmatch.adefinitedate受害者的父母要求一個明確的答復。Thevictim’sparentsdemanded_______________.adefiniteanswer請完成下面的句子。providingalastdecisionthatcannotbequestionedorchanged;conclusive

確定的，決定性的，有權威的definitive(adj.)

(Line13,Para.2)Exercise＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿bytheSupremeCourtisunlikelytobechanged.最高法院的最終決定是不太可能改變的。Thedefinitivedecision___________________ofthatbookhasbeenrevisedseveraltimes.那本書的最終版本已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了幾次修改。Thedefinitiveedition請完成下面的句子。Thatdepartmentcouldprovideyouwith__________________________.那個部門能夠給你出具一份權威的鑒定書(appraisal)。apieceofdefinitiveappraisalpartial(Line12,Para.2)adj.1)notcomplete部分的，不完全的Shecouldonlyenjoyapartialrecovery.她只是部分地恢復了健康（她還沒有完全康復）。Translation在那座城堡的頂端可以欣賞到城市的部分景致。Apartialviewofthecitycanbeavailableatthetopofthecastle.

partialto

infml

havingastronglikingfor(非正式)過分喜歡，偏愛

MysisterisverypartialtoSuperGirlZhangLiangying.我妹妹非常偏愛超級女生張靚穎。Translation我非常喜歡吃甜食。I’mverypartialtosweetfood.

adj.3)unfairlysupportingonepersonoronegroupagainstanother

偏向一方的，偏袒的，不公正的ExerciseThereferee______________________Bayen

MunichinthatEuropeanChampionsLeaguematch.

裁判在那場歐洲冠軍聯(lián)賽的比賽中明顯偏袒德國的拜仁慕尼黑隊。wasclearlypartialtowardYouareexpected_____________________________________________.你必須讓自己的判斷客觀公正。tokeepyourjudgmentawayfrom請完成下面的句子。anypartialattitudes句型應用

Itismuchmoredifficultwhenanxietyaboutotherformsofriskisconcerned,becausewithmanyrisks,thesituationisnotassimple.

(Line15)when…sth.isconcerned:就……來說，就……而言；有時常用asfarassth.isconcerned表示。譯

文Example談到政策，我得說幾句。As

far

as

policy

is

concerned,

I

have

to

say

something.就我們而言,你什么時候走都行。When

we’re

concerned,

you

can

go

whenever

youwant.

譯

文

Itismuchmoredifficultwhenanxietyaboutotherformsofriskisconcerned,becausewithmanyrisks,thesituationisnotassimple.

(Line15)但當涉及到其它形式的風險時，事情就要困難得多，因為對許多風險來說，情況并不那么簡單。句型應用

Butwhatifyougethitfromthesideandenduptrappedinsidethevehicle,unabletoescapebecauseofadamagedseatbeltmechanism?

(Line20)譯

文whatif…？相當于

whatwouldhappenif…意為：“如果……那又怎么辦呢？”

如果她改變主意不來怎么辦?What

if

she

changes

her

mind

and

doesn’t

turn

up?要是他媽媽不喜歡這個女孩該怎么辦？What

ifhismotherdoesn’tlikethegirl?Example如果我們對家人和朋友不忠怎么辦？What

ifwearefaithlesstoourfriendsandfamilies?enduptrapped一句中trapped是過去分詞表示伴隨，本分句譯為“最終被卡在車里”。他最后成了公司的主管。Heendedup(as)headofthefirm.Exampleendup,最后成為（處于），后面可接名詞（短語）、形容詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞或介詞短語作狀語。你要繼續(xù)行竊終歸得進監(jiān)獄。Ifyoucontinuetostealyou’ll

endupinprison.一開始我們并不喜歡它，可最后我們卻為之歡呼。Wedidn’tlikeitfirst,butweendedupcheering.Example如果他繼續(xù)那樣開車的話，最后會送命的。Ifhecarriesondrivinglikethat,he’ll

endupdead.ExerciseTheparty_______________________ofAuldLangSyne.聚會在“友誼地久天長”的歌聲中結束。endedupwiththesingingIfyoudon’tworkhard,_____________________.如果你不努力，終將一事無成。you’llendupnowhere請完成下面的句子。Hejumpedintotherivertosavethechildbut________________________________.他跳進河里去救那個小孩，結果卻被水草纏住了。endeduptrappedbythewaterweeds譯

文

Butwhatifyougethitfromthesideandenduptrappedinsidethevehicle,unabletoescapebecauseofadamagedseatbeltmechanism?

(Line20)倘若你的車側面被撞，結果你被困在車里，又因安全帶裝置遭破壞而無法掙脫，那怎么辦呢？accidentally(Line26,Para.3)adv.happeningbychance,notbyplanorintention偶然地，意外地ShemetwithpopsingerTianZhenattheairportaccidentally.她在機場意外地遇見了著名歌手田震。Translation他在一個偶然的機會被那位著名導演看中，因此有機會在一部偶像劇中扮演關鍵角色。Hewasaccidentallychosenbythatfamousdirectortoplayakeyroleinanidoldrama.ExerciseHis_______________discouragedthewholeteam.他的意外失利挫傷了整個隊伍的士氣。accidentalfailure______________________offamouskungfuactorJetLi(LiLianjie)madealltheaudiencequiteexcited.著名功夫明星李連杰的意外出現(xiàn)

讓所有的觀眾興奮不已。Theaccidentalappearance請完成下面的句子。形容詞形式：

accidental

adj.happeningbychance,notbyplanor

intention意外的,偶然的inflate(Line27,Para.3)v.1)tofillwithairorgastomakebigger

（使）充滿氣體，（使）膨脹Thekidwastryingtoinflateaballoonbutfailedatlast.那個孩子想給氣球充氣，但最后失敗了。Translation給那件救生衣(lifejacket)充氣需要特殊的技巧。Inflatingthatlifejacketneedsspecialskills.2)toraise(aprice)byinflation使……通貨膨脹TranslationThegovernmentofthatsmallcountryalwaysinflates

thepapercurrency.那個小國的政府總是濫發(fā)紙幣。名詞形式：

嚴重的通貨膨脹使那個國家的貧困家庭的生活雪上加霜。Serious

inflationworsenedthelivingconditionsofthepoorfamiliesofthatcountry.Governmentshouldtakemeasurestocontrolinflation.政府應采取措施控制通貨膨脹。inflation(n.)

充氣，膨脹；通貨膨脹,(物價)暴漲Translationotherwise(Line28,Para.3)我們原打算去野餐(picnic)，可是天很熱，我們就決定干別的了。Weweregoingtopicnic,butitwassohotthatwedecidedtodootherwise.

Translation她認為那位年輕的參賽者會輸，我的看法卻不是這樣。Shesaidthatyoungcontestantwouldlose,butIthoughtotherwise.

adv.1)inadifferentway;differently

不同地2)apartfromthat;inotherways

（在）其他方面請完成下面的句子。ExerciseItwasabitlong,but________________________.那影片是長了一點兒，其它方面倒還不錯。Hisnephewisnoisy,but__________________.他的外甥愛吵鬧，但在其他方面倒是一個好孩子。otherwiseaniceboyotherwiseitwasagoodfilmconj.3)ifnot（在不同情況下）否則Translation你最好現(xiàn)在就走，否則你就趕不上火車了。You’dbettergonow,otherwise

you’llmissyourtrain.

我又多寫了一頁，不然的話已經(jīng)完成了。I'vegotonemorepagetowrite;otherwiseI'vealreadyfinished.

reduce…to…(Line33,Para.4)Translation貪婪讓他變成了階下囚。

Itisgreedthatreduced

himtoaprisoner.因為吸毒，他從一個百萬富翁淪為乞丐。

Hewasreducedfromamillionairetoabeggarasaresultoftakingdrugs.

bringsomeoneorsomethingto(alowerorweakerstate,conditionorrole)使某人陷入某種（通常指更壞的）狀態(tài)或狀況中2)change(something)to(itsparts);presentaproblemorsubjectin(asimplifiedform)

將某事物概括或簡化成某種形式請完成下面的句子。ExerciseTheearthquake________________________.地震將房屋變成了瓦礫(rubble)。Thepresident’sspeechcan___________________________.總統(tǒng)的演講可以被歸納為三點。bereducedtothreereducedthemainpointshousetorubbleaccordingly(Line34,Para.4)請完成下面的句子。ExercisePleaseinformusofyourdecisionand_____________________.請告知我們你的決定，我們將會采取相應的行動。wewillactHisfriendsallconsideredhimtheirleaderand____________________.他的朋友把他視做領袖并且用對待領袖的方式對待他。treatedhimaccordinglyadv.1)inawaythatisappropriatetothesituation相應地accordingly2)asaresultofsomething因此，從而超級女生李宇春有男孩子的氣質，因此，她能夠得到無數(shù)的女歌迷的支持。SuperGirlLiYuchunlooksratherboyish.Accordingly,shecouldgetcountlessgirlfans’support.Translation有無數(shù)的讀者對于武俠小說如癡如醉。因此，金庸先生才能夠在當今中國文壇享有很高的地位。Thereareagreatnumberofreaderswhoarecrazyformartialartsnovels.Accordingly,Mr.JinYongcouldenjoyahighstatusintoday’sChineseliterature.

assess(Line50,Para.6)

請完成下面的句子。ExerciseThevalueofthatChenYifei’spainting______________________.那幅陳逸飛的油畫被估價為50萬美元。wasTheywillgotoBeijingto____________________________________.他們將前往北京邀請幾位專家來為那些古玩(curio)估價。inviteseveralexpertstov.1)calculatewhatsomethingcostsorisworth估價，估計assessedat$500,000assessthosecurios2)carefullyconsiderasituation,person,orprobleminordertomakeajudgment

評價，評定現(xiàn)在評價那部新法規(guī)的效果還為時尚早。It’stooearlytoassesstheeffectsofthatnewlegislation.Translation在評價別人的時候，不要有任何的偏見。

Don’tassessotherswithanyprejudice.名詞形式：assessmentn.1)

估計，估算2)評估，評價ratio(Line54,Para.6)n.arelationshipbetweentwothingsexpressedbytwonumbersoramounts比，比率，比例20比10相當于2比1。Theratioof20to10is2to1.Translation那所小學的師生比例是1比30。Theratioofstudentstoteachersinthatelementaryschoolis30:1.這一地區(qū)，男子人數(shù)以三比一超過女子人數(shù)。Menoutnumberwomenintheratioofthreetoone

inthisregion.versus(Line56,Para.7)prep.(Abbr.v.orvs.)inoppositiontooragainstespeciallyinagameofsports（尤指在體育比賽中）……

對……，以

……為對手；與……相比本賽季的NBA總決賽將會在休斯敦火箭隊和底特律活塞隊之間展開。It’sgoingtobeTheHustonRocketsversusTheDetroitPistonsinthisseason’sNBAFinals.

Translation有必要對減稅帶來的好處與民眾

消費增長所帶來的好處進行對比。It’snecessarytoweighupthebenefitsoftaxcutsversusthoseofincreasedpublicspending.

句子分析Inthecasejustdiscussed,wewouldfindtherelativesafetyofcartravelandcoalminingbydividingthenumbersofliveslostineachbythenumberofpeopleparticipatingineach.(Line57)這是一個簡單句，主干結構為wewouldfindtherelativesafety，of引起的介詞短語作定語修飾前面的名詞relativesafety，bydividing…ineach是句子的方式狀語，句首的Inthecasejustdiscussed為狀語，意思是

“在剛剛討論的情況中”。結尾中出現(xiàn)了兩個each都指的是eachactivity，“每一項活動”。譯

文以6除30，答案為5。Ifyoudivide30by6,theansweris5.三十除以六等于五。Thirtydividedbysixisfive.Exampledivide…by…用……去除……譯

文在剛才討論的例子中，我們可以用每一項活動中死亡的人數(shù)除以參與該活動的總人數(shù)，從而找出汽車旅行與采煤的相對安全性。Inthecasejustdiscussed,wewouldfindtherelativesafetyofcartravelandcoalminingbydividingthenumbersofliveslostineachbythenumberofpeopleparticipatingineach.(Line57)句子分析Onceweunderstandthat

riskcanneverbetotallyeliminatedfromanysituationandthat,therefore,nothingiscompletelysafe,we

willthenseethattheissueisnotoneofavoidingrisksaltogetherbutratheroneofmanagingrisksinasensibleway.(Line68)

本句是一個主從復合句，從句Onceweunderstand…safe中，謂語

understand后有兩個由that引導的并列賓語從句，主句wewillthensee…way中,動詞see也帶了一個由that引導的賓語從句，從句的主要結構為theissueisnot…butrather…。譯

文Sense感覺；道理Makesense講道理，說得通Nonsense廢話；胡說八道Sensible明智的Sensitive敏感的Sentimental多愁善感的Once(conj.):一旦一旦打開書本學習，就不接電話、不看電視、不讀報紙了。Oncethebooksareopen,phonecallsgounanswered,TVunwatchedandnewspapersunread.對環(huán)境一旦造成破壞，就要花很多年的時間才能使整個系統(tǒng)恢復。Onceenvironmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsforthesystemtorecover.Example譯

文一旦我們懂得在任何情況下都不能完全排除危險，因而任何事情都不是絕對安全的，我們就會明白問題不在于徹底避免危險而在于如何理智地對付危險。Onceweunderstandthat

riskcanneverbetotallyeliminatedfromanysituationandthat,therefore,nothingiscompletelysafe,we

willthenseethattheissueisnotoneofavoidingrisksaltogetherbutratheroneofmanagingrisksinasensibleway.(Line68)

Modernlifeisfullofallmannerofthreats.Risksarealmostalwaysamatterofprobabilitiesratherthancertainty.Ouruncertaintiesmultiplyindefinitely.現(xiàn)代生活中充滿了諸多威脅。危險幾乎總是一個可能而非確定。我們的疑慮無休止的增加。ShouldIwearaseatbelt?我應該系安全帶嗎？Nothingwedoiscompletelysafe.Thepointistoactaccordingly.我們做的事沒一件是百分之百安全的。關鍵在于見機行事。Inthecasejustdiscussed從剛才討論的情況看Thelatterturnsouttobefourtimesriskierthantheformer.后者其實比前者危險四倍。2)Heweighedtherelevant/relativeadvantagesofbuyingahouseandofrentinganapartment.PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-ReadingVocabulary1.

Directions:

Workinpairstodecidewhichoftheitalicizedwordsfitsthesentencebest.Useyourdictionaryifnecessary.1)Shelistenstoyou,andIwishyou’dgivehersensible/sensitiveadvice._____________sensible:havingorshowinggoodsense;reasonablesensitive:easilyhurt,upsetoroffendedbythingsthatpeoplesayrelevant:directlyconnectedwiththesubjectorproblembeingdiscussedorconsideredsensitive:consideredinrelationorproportiontosomebody/somethingelse;comparatively3)Roytookthebackoffhisclockinordertoseethemachine/mechanismthatworkedthealarm.4)Thetoyrequires/requestsquiteabitofskilltooperateit._______________machine:機器mechanism:astructureorworkingpartsfunctioningtogethertoproduceaneffectrequire:needsomethingrequest:askforsomethingpolitelyorformallyPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-Reading5)Shewentthroughthetapescriptcarefully,toreduce/eliminatealltheerrors.6)Itwasreportedthat41peoplewerekilledinaplanecrash/collision.___________reduce:makesomethingsmallerinsize,number,degree,price,etc.eliminate:completelygetridofsomethingthatisunnecessaryorunwantedcrash:abreakingtopiecesespeciallybyorasifbycollisioncollision:anaccidentinwhichtwoormorepeopleorvehicleshiteachotherwhilemovingindifferentdirectionsPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-ReadingWeoftendiscoverthatthetrue__________ofmanyrisksisquitedifferentfromwhatwemighthaveimagined.Toooften,we_____________preparingourselvesfortheimpossibleriskwhilefailingtotakeprecautionsagainstmorelikelyones.Themedia,inparticular,haveahabitofselectingtwoorthreeriskseveryseasontopublicizewhileplayingdownothers.Newspapersoftenscreamaboutacancerriskassociatedwiththisorthat.2.Directions:

Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriatewordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.characterriskysensibleinformrarelyallmannerofendupdefinitivelycasualcharacterendupPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-Reading_________,however,dowelearntherisklevel.Sucha______attitudetowardstherisklevelcertainlysellsnewspapers;becausevirtuallyeverythingis________,andthereare______________risksinourdailylife.Butordinarypeopleshould_________themselvesnotonlyaboutwhatisrisky,butalsoaboutwhattheleveloftheriskis,becauseignoringtherisklevelmakes__________riskmanagementimpossible.Indeedmygeneralruleisthis:Unlesssomeonecan__________tellyouwhatlevelofriskisassociatedwithaparticularactivity,doasyouwish.characterriskysensibleinformrarelyallmannerofendupdefinitivelycasualRarelycasualriskyallmannerofinformsensibledefinitivelyPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-Reading3.

Directions:

CompleteeachofthefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinbracketsintoEnglish._________________(基于)thosegrades,hewonthescholarshiptoSyracuseUniversity.2)Themarkethas_____________(各種各樣)interestingthingsforsale.3)Faithdoesnot______________(由······滋潤)thinairbutonfacts.4)Theteachertoldthegirlto_________anequation______(簡化)itssimplestform.5)Keepondoingthatandyou’ll__________(最后以······結局)inserioustrouble.OnthestrengthofallmannersoffeedonreducetoendupPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-Reading6)Theenvironmentalproblemsareoften________________(和······有關系)nuclearwaste.7)Todaywearegoingto____________(把重點放在······)thequestionofhomelesspeople.8)Forassistance,they___________(向······求助)oneofthecity’smostinnovativemuseums.9)Everyoneintheclassisexpectedto____________actively_____(參加)thesediscussions.10)TheSouthernWeekendidentifiedatleasttwovillageofficialssaidtobe______________(卷入)thetrade.associatedwithfocusonturnedtoparticipateininvolvedinEndofIn-ClassReadingGotoAfter-ClassReadingPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-ReadingHealthRisksPassage1PartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageIPre-ReadingQuestionsPartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageI1)Therearesomespecialtermsinthispassagesuchas“immediacy”and“YPLL”.Givedefinitiontothemafterreadingthepassageandexplaintherelationshipbetweenthem.Immediacyreferstothelikelytimelagbetweentakingariskandsufferingitsconsequences.YPLLrepresentsyearsofpotentiallifelost.YPLLisacommonlyusedmeasuretodealwith“immediacy”.PartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageI3)WhatarethebiggestkillersinpresentAmerica?2)WhydidtheauthorsayAmericans’preoccupationwiththeirhealthis“slightlysurprising”?BecauseAmericans’preoccupationoccursintheperiodwhentheyarefarhealthierthantheyhaveeverbeen.

4)Accordingtothepassage,therearetwostandardstocomparehealthrisks.Whatarethey?Whichonewouldyouprefer?Heartdisease,cancer,strokes,andAIDS.ThetwostandardsarehowmanylivesariskclaimsandhowmanyYPLLsitinvolves.Ithinkwe’dbetterconsiderbothofthemcarefullybeforewetakearisk,thatistosay,weneedtoasknotonlyhowlargeariskisbutalsowhenitbecomespayable.OrganizationAnalysisPartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageIWhenweassesstheseriousnessofarisk,weneedtoconsidernotonlytherisklevelbutalsoitsimmediacy.PartOne

(Para.1-2)AlthoughAmericansarefarhealthierthantheyhaveeverbeen,healthremainsamajorconcern.PartTwo(Para.3-4)Healthrisksdiffergreatlyintheirimmediacy,andpeopletendtoignorelong-termrisksmorethanshort-termones.PartThree(Para.5-6)YPLL,awaytomeasureimmediacy,influencestosomeextentissuesinhealthcareeconomics.PartFour(Para.7)PartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageIAIDSshortenedformforAcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome“AIDS”是“首字母縮略詞”

，即由各個詞的第一個字母組成的詞，例如：radar:radiodetectingandragingUFO:unidentifiedflyingobject此類詞的讀音有兩種方法，一是按各個首字母發(fā)音，例如：VOA[‘vi:ou

‘ei]另一種按拼音方法讀，如：OPEC[ou

‘pek]WordsandExpressionsPartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageIIDSbeconfrontedwith使（某人）面對（問題，任務，困難）(l.19)e.g.Shewasconfrontedwithseveremoneyproblems.她面對嚴峻的金錢問題。OnthefirstdayofatworkIwasconfrontedwiththetaskofchairingameeting.上班的第一天，我就面臨要主持會議。[短語鏈接]confrontsb.withthe(clear)evidence/proof:

對證；以（確切）證據(jù)向某人對質e.g.Whenthepoliceconfrontedherwiththeevidence,sheadmittedeverything.當警察讓她對證時，她承認了一切。WordsandExpressionsPartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageIThefirewasfinallybroughtundercontrol.bring...undercontrolmakesth.workproperly控制住incontrol(of)

incommand,incharge

掌管/控制著

Heistherightpersonincontrolofthedepartment.inthecontrolof

controlledby

受······的控制或支配

Allthebeggarsareinthecontrolofthelocalgang.outofcontrol

inastateofnotbeingcontrolled

不受控制

Wemusttakeactionorthesituationwillbeoutofcontrol.MorephraseswithcontrolPartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageIbearinmindremembertoconsider,keepremembering

記住1.Bearinmindthatyouhavetobehomeby11o’clock.2.Bearinmindtherulesofsafetywhenyouswim.Therearesixbasicthingstokeepinmindifyouwishtobeabletotalktoanyone,anytime,anywhere.Similarly:

keepinmindcf.

learn…byheartlearnbymemory

熟記，牢記

Theboylearnedmanypoemsbyheart.PartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageIKeySentencesPeoplearesurprisedtofindthatAmericanstodayfocusalltheirattentiononhealth,thoughtheyarenowmuchhealthierthaneverbefore.TranslationParaphrase1.Whatmakestoday’spreoccupationwithhealthslightlysurprisingisthatAmericansarefarhealthiernowthantheyhaveeverbeen.(l.3-4)

美國人現(xiàn)在對健康如此關注，是有點令人吃驚，因為他們目前比以往任何時候都要健康得多。PartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageI2.Nonetheless,healthandthevariousthreatstoitremaineveryone’spermanentconcern.(l.8-9)

Translation然而，健康以及對健康的各種威脅，仍然是人們永久關注的問題。ParaphraseInspiteofthefactthatmanydeathlydiseaseshaveeitherbeengotridoforbroughtundercontrol,peoplearestilltroubledbyhealthproblemandvariousdiseases.CommentsNonetheless,similartonevertheless,however,means“inspiteofthat…,yet”.PartTwo:After-ClassReading>>PassageI3.Onemajorproblemwithanycomparisonofhealthrisks－especiallylife-threateningones－isthattheydifferenormouslyintheirimmediacy.(l.