高二英語期中考試

高二英語期中考試II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.SwimmingwaytosuccessWhatdoesittaketograduatefromauniversity?Many(1)sayallyouhavetodoistakeclassesandpasstheexams.Well,itrequiresmorethanitifyou’reastudentatTsinghuaUniversity.StartingthisSeptember,freshmenattheuniversitywillhavetotakeswimmingcourses.Iftheyfailaswimmingtestatthebeginningoftheiruniversitycourse,theywon’treceivetheirdegree(2)theycanpassthetestsuccessfully,accordingtoanannouncementbyTsinghuaUniversitypresidentQiuYong.Exceptions(3)(allow)forstudentswithcertainphysicalormentalconditions,ifprovedbymedicalstaff.LiuBo,headoftheDivisionofSportsScienceandPhysicalEducation,explained(4)theuniversityislinkingswimmingabilitywithdegrees.“Asarequisite(必要的)survivalskill,swimmingisbeneficialforstudentsinthelongrun,sinceswimmingishelpfulinimprovingstudents’enduranceandis(5)(harmful)tojoints(關(guān)節(jié))andmusclesasawatersport,”hetoldChinaDaily.Viewingtheability(6)(swim)asamustforstudentsisnotsomethingnewtothisuniversity-itwasalsoarequirementintheearly20thcentury.Itwaslaterdropped(7)arisingnumberofstudentsandalackoffacilities.BesidesTsinghuaUniversity,PekingUniversityandXiamenUniversityhavealsolistedswimmingasacompulsorycourseforstudents.However,theannouncementhascausedaheateddebate.Somewelcomedthenewrule,sayingit’sanecessaryskillthatcansavelives.“Swimmingisafundamental(基本的)skill.It’sawaytostayhealthyandislifesavinginemergencysituations.Ibelievemaking(8)mandatory(強制的)isnecessary,”YuanJiaxiang,ajuniorinTsinghua’sDepartmentofCivilEngineering,toldChinaDaily.However,somesaidithasnothingtodowithgettingadegree.“It’snotreasonabletorequirepeopletobeabletoswimforthemtograduate,”ZhengXiaoyu,ahighschoolstudentfromtheMiddleSchoolAffiliatedtoNorthernJiaotongUniversity,toldChinaDaily.“Foralotofpeoplewhogrewupininlandcities,learninghowtoswimasanadultwillbedifficult.”Infact,Chineseuniversitiesarenottheonlyeducationorganizations(9)encouragetheirstudentstoswim.AfewcollegesintheUnitedStates-includingCornell,ColumbiaandMIT-offerswimclassestostudents.“Anything(10)(prevent)peoplefromdyingneedlesslyisavaluableskill,”FredDeBruyn,directorofaquatics(水上運動)atCornell,toldTheNewYorkTimes.【答案】1.may/might 2.until 3.willbeallowed 4.why 5.lessharmful 6.toswim 7.dueto/becauseof/owingto 8.it 9.that 10.preventing 【分析】1.考察主謂之間填情態(tài)動詞，諸多人也許會說......，不是很確定，因此用may.2.按照句義，他們將得不到他們的學位除非能成功通過考試，not...until...。3.考察動詞，首先確定本句沒有謂語，應當是謂語動詞，然后是例外會被容許而不是積極，最終確定主將從現(xiàn)，因此用willbeallowed.4.考察賓語從句，解釋之后應當解釋為何，因此是why。5.考察形容詞，這里在講游泳的好處，因此應是lessharmfultojointsandmusles.6.考察非謂語，theabilitytodosth,做某事的能力。7.考察連詞，這件事情后來被放下了由于......原因，因此填dueto。8.考察代詞，這里是it作making的賓語，把這件事變?yōu)閺娭频氖呛鼙匾?，it代指游泳。9.考察定語從句，中國大學不是唯一做某事的組織，定從缺主語，填that/which,不過前面有theonly,因此只能填that.。10.考察非謂語，句子中已經(jīng)有謂語動詞is。任何制止人們死亡的事情是積極，因此用doing。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.AA.impactsB.remindedC.debtD.variesAB.significantlyAC.equallyAD.associatedBC.dependingBD.estimatesCD.additionABC.adaptIfyoucan’tseemtocatchenoughZ’sduringtheweek,you’renotalone.Butbadthingshappentoyourbodywhenyou’resleep-deprived,notleastofwhichisweightgain.Well,here’ssomegoodnews:Sleepinginontheweekendtomakeupforsleeplostduringtheweekis(1)withlowerbodymassindex(BMI),accordingtoastudypublishedintheOxfordUniversityPressjournalSleep.Theresearchers,acollaborationofscientistsbasedinBoston,Massachusetts,andtheRepublicofKorean,soughttodetermineifwhattheyrefertoas“catch-upsleep”(2)bodymassindex(BMI)inthegeneralpopulation.Todoso,theyconductedface-to-faceinterviewsofarandomsamplingof2,156adults,comparingtheirsleephabitswiththeirBMIscores.The932participantswhosleptin–“catch-upsleepers”(peoplewhosleeplongerontheweekendthanonweekdaysbyapproximatelytwohours)hada(n)(3)lowerBMIthantheothersubjects.What’smore,everyadditionalhourofcatch-upsleepwaslinkedwithadecreaseinBMI.Astowhysleepinginonweekendscanleadtoweightloss,oneofthestudyco-authors,RobertThomas,MD,MMSc,oftheDivisionofPulmonary,CriticalCareandSleepMedicine,DepartmentofMedicineattheBethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterinBoston,(4)Reader’sDigestofthe“substantial(大量的)experimentalandepidemiological(流行病學的)datathatshortsleepcontributestoweightgain.”Henotes,“ourbest(5)asresearchersarethattherearebalancestobekept,andthebodycanadjustand(6)withinreason.Catch-upsleepallowsthebasicbalancetobemaintained.”AlthoughthestudyshowedsignificantdifferencesinBMIwiththe(7)oftwoormorehoursofcatch-upsleep,Dr.Thomaspointsoutthatthereare“substantialindividualdifferences,”suchthatthebenefitwegetfromthoseextrahourswillvary(8)onhowmuchsleepeachofusgenerallyneeds.“Todetermineyouroptionalsleep,youcantrackthetimespentsleepingonnightswhenthereisnoneedtowakeuptoanalarm,”suggestsLizaBaker,ahealthcoachatSimplyHealthCoaching.Thattellsyouabouthowmanyhoursofsleepyourbodylikestoget,sinceit(9)greatlyacrossthepopulation,fromjust4to5hoursto9to10hours.Socanyouactuallylostweightbysleepinginontheweekend?Onlyifyou’repayingoffasleep(10)fromtheweek,accordingtotheresultofthisstudy.Ithelpsifyou’realsoeatingless,Dr.Thomasadds.【答案】1.AD2.A3.AB4.B5.BD 6.ABC7.CD 8.BC 9.D 10.C【分析】1.首先可以判斷該空填形容詞，根據(jù)句義可知：周末補覺會減少BMI，結(jié)合前后be…with,聯(lián)想到固定搭配beassociatedwith,因此該空填ADassociated，聯(lián)絡，與……有關(guān)。2.首先可以判斷該空填名詞，根據(jù)句義可知：研究人員但愿判斷出所謂的“補覺”能否影響大部分人的BMI，因此填A.impacts，影響。3.首先可以判斷該空填副詞，然后根據(jù)句義可知填ABsignificantly，較大程度上。4.首先可以判斷該空填動詞，根據(jù)句義：周末補覺可以減肥這件事使人聯(lián)想到缺覺導致增肥，因此填B.reminded，使人聯(lián)想到。5.首先可以判斷該空填名詞，根據(jù)句義判斷填BD,estimates估計。6.首先可以判斷該空填動詞原形，根據(jù)句義可知填ABCadapt適應。7.首先可以判斷該空填名詞，根據(jù)句義說額外睡了2小時的BMI差異，因此填CDaddition，額外，增長。8.首先可以判斷該空填動詞，根據(jù)句意：額外睡眠的好處根據(jù)沒人總體所需睡眠時間而不一樣，因此填BCdepending，取決于。9.首先可以判斷該空填一種動詞，根據(jù)句義：個人所需睡眠時間因人而異，因此填D.varies，不一樣。10.首先可以判斷該空填名詞，前文有payoff，因此填C.debt，還債。BA.affordableB.featureC.limitedD.substituteAB.suitAC.guideAD.availableBC.alternativeBD.enhanceCD.originalABC.combiningGohi-techthisholidayIfyou’vebeensearchingforareasontopickupthatlatestgadget,thenwhatbettertimethanChristmas?There’snoshortageofinnovative,forward-thinkingandfuturisticproductsonthemarkettoday,astechnologytakescenterstageonmanypeople’sfestivewishlists.Here,weofferafestivegadget(小玩意)(1)thatwillhelpyoutakeacloserlookatthreeoftech’shottestcategories.VirtualrealityVRProbablythemostexcitingtechdevelopmentofrecenttimes,virtualreality(VR)hasarrived,withenoughoptions(2)totheconsumerwho’ssearchingforanextradoseofhigh-techfunthisChristmas.Thecheapestwaytogetahigh-endVRexperiencecomescourtesyofSony.ItsPlayStationVRdoesn’trequireatricked-outPCorexpensivephone-itworkswiththePlaystation4consoleandcomeswithafewgreatgamesinitslibrary.Therearesomeaccessoriesyoucanpurchaseto(3)theexperience,butifyou’vealreadygotaPS4youcanentertheworldofVRforjust$400(2780yuan).hasbeentheyearofVRandassuchmany(4)toSony’screationexist.High-endofferingsliketheHTCViveandOculusRift,aswellasmobileoptionslikeSamsung’sGearVR,willgetyourheadinthegame.Wirelessheadphones(5)easeofusewiththeabilitytomovefreelyaroundyourhome,gymorworkplace,wirelessheadphonesjustmakesense.Andthereareplentyofviable(可行的)optionsto(6)anybudget.TheBoseQuietComfort35wirelessheadphonesaredefinitelyworthatestdrive,though.Thefull-size,around-earBluetoothheadphones(7)activenoisecancellationanddoubleasaheadsetformakingphonecalls.They’veevenearnedtheEditor’sChoiceawardatCandcanbesnappedupforlessthan$400online.BeatshasworkeditswayfirmlyintothemarketanditsStudioWirelessheadphonesareapopularchoice,especiallyasyoucannowfindthemmuchcheaperthantheir(8)$379askingpricebysearchingaroundonline.DigitalcamerasWhileyourphoneisaworthysidekick,there’sno(9)forarealcamerawhenitcomestotakingtheperfectpicture.Andthesedaysyoucangetqualityspecificationsinapackagethat’salmostassmallasyoursmartphone.ThesleekdesignoftheFujifilmX70,$699(4,850yuan),makesittheperfectcompanion,oryoucouldgoretrowiththeOlympusPEN-F($1,200)thatoffersoldschoollooksalongsidecuttingedgetechnology.Domestically,it’sworthcheckingoutXiaomi’smirrorlessYiM1foramore(10)option.Withahigh-end20-megapixelsensorandtheabilitytohostmultiplelenses,it’savailablefromjust2,199yuan.【答案】1. AC 2. AD 3. BD 4. BC 5. ABC 6. AB 7. B 8. CD 9. D 10. A 【分析】1.首先可以判斷該空填名詞，根據(jù)句義可知：這里我們提供一種節(jié)日小玩意指導，它可以協(xié)助你更仔細看看三種最流行的科技發(fā)明，因此該空填AC.guide，指導，闡明。2.首先可以判斷該空填形容詞，根據(jù)句義可知：VR能充足提供消費者選擇，因此填AD.available，可獲得的。3.首先可以判斷該空填動詞原形，然后根據(jù)句義可知填BD.enhance，促近，提高。4.首先可以判斷該空填名詞，根據(jù)句義下面舉例其他品牌的VR，因此填BC.alternative，可供選擇的東西。5.首先可以判斷該空填非謂語動詞，根據(jù)句義判斷填ABC.combining，結(jié)合，與介詞with連用。6.首先可以判斷該空填動詞原形，根據(jù)句義可知填AB.suit，適合。7.首先可以判斷該空填動詞，根據(jù)句義說藍牙耳機的特色功能，因此填B.feature，以...為特色。8.首先可以判斷該空填形容詞，因此填CD.original，最初的。9.首先可以判斷該空填一種名詞，根據(jù)句義：沒有替代真正相機的措施，因此填D.substitute，替代。10.首先可以判斷該空填形容詞，前文有more形容詞的比較級，因此填A.affordable，付得起的。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Truthbetold,alife-changingcollegeexperiencedoesn’tbeginorendwithahighGPAorgreatuniversitytour.Andalthoughparentsandteachersalikeworkdiligentlytopreptheirstudentswiththecutting-edgeclassesandimpressivetranscripts,they’re(1)onevitalskill:emotionalintelligence.Apollof1,502first-yearcollegestudentsintheU.S.foundthatamajorityofthemwishtheyhadreceivedmore(2)preparationforcollege.Emotionalpreparednessis(3)“theabilitytotakecareofoneself,adapttonewenvironments,(4)negativeemotionsorbehaviorandbuildpositiverelationship,”accordingtothesurvey.“Surveydataindicatethatcollegereadinessrequiresfarmorethanjustasolidacademicfoundation–afindgthatseems(5)conventionalhighereducationpreparation,saidJohnMacPhee,ExecutiveDirectoroftheJedFoundation,whichco-sponsoredthesurvey.“Itisclearthatemotionalpreparednessshouldbebetter(6)theworkthathighschoolcommunitiesaredoingtoguidestudentsthroughthetransitionintocollege.”Datashowthatcollegestudents(7)farmorethantheiracademics–andtheirstresscantakeaserioustoll(代價)ontheir(8)inschool.Fortypercentofsurveyparticipantsfeltpressuretopayforcollegeexpenses,followedby30percentwhosaidtheirbiggest(9)wastomakenewfriends.(10),keepingintouchwithfamilyandfriendsnotattheircollege(28percent)andbeingindependent(16percent)alsoweighedheavilyoncollegestudnets’shoulders.Allofthese(11)hadanegativeimpactinsideandoutsideoftheclassroom.Studentswhofeltlessemotionallypreparedforcollegeweremorelikelytohavealowergradepointaverage,regularly(12)drugsand/oralcohol,andratetheiroverallcollegeexperienceasterribleorpoor.“Ashighschoolseniorsstartapplyingtocollegearoundthistimeofyear,parentsandpeople(13)intheirlivescanplayanimportantroleinhelpingchildrenbuildconfidenceandlifeskills,saidMarisaGiarnella-Porco,Co-Founder,PresidentandChiefExecutiveOfficeroftheJordanPorcoFoundation,asurveyco-sponsor.“Itisimportantto(14)themtochooseacollegethatbestfitstheirneedsfirstandforemost–notonlyina(n)(15)sense,butalsorelativetoemotionalneeds.”Thankfully,whetheryourchildispackingupforschoolthisfallorstillindiapers,it’snevertoolate(ortooearly!)tobeginpreppingthemforuniversitylife.Here’swhatparentsshoulddotohelptheircollege-boundkid,startingnow.1.A.mastering B.employing C.forgetting D.preparing2.A.emotional B.careful C.comprehensive D.active3.A.comparedwith B.appliedto C.adjustedto D.definedas4.A.arouse B.control C.display D.hide5.A.shortof B.strictwith C.contraryto D.proudof6.A.remindedof B.combinedwith C.focusedon D.devotedto7.A.dependon B.worryabout C.referto D.respondto8.A.performances B.grades C.subjects D.requirements9.A.mistake B.decision C.event D.challenge10.A.Otherwise B.Thus C.Besides D.However11.A.pressures B.benefits C.behaviors D.thoughts12.A.market B.ban C.consume D.produce13.A.aggressive B.influential C.mysterious D.modest14.A.support B.guide C.warn D.command15.A.good B.keen C.academic D.delicate【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. C 【分析】1.C前句“他們忘了一種重要的技能”，因此本句的答案對應的是：“forgetting”2.A本句的意思是“大部分學術(shù)需要情感上的準備”,因此本句答案應當是“情感的”3.D根據(jù)上下文，應選擇“被定義為”4.B根據(jù)前文，意為“控制負面情感”5.C根據(jù)上下文，“與...相對的是”6.B根據(jù)上下文，本句的意思是“情感準備需要更好的把...與工作相結(jié)合”7.B根據(jù)下文學生的壓力判斷出應選擇“緊張”。8.A根據(jù)上下文，本句的意思是學生在校的成績，即“學業(yè)的體現(xiàn)”9.D根據(jù)上下文，本句的意思是“最大的挑戰(zhàn)是結(jié)交朋友”10.C連詞besides承接上下文，表達“除...之外還”11.A根據(jù)上下文，本句的意思是：“所有的這些壓力對...有負面影響”12.C根據(jù)上下文，本句的意思是：“常常消費(購置)毒品和/或酒”13.B根據(jù)上下文，本句的意思是：“家長和人們的影響”14.B根據(jù)后文“指導他們?nèi)ミx擇最適合的大學”15.C“academicsense”意為“學術(shù)意識”SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AElNino,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”,wasnamedbyaSouthAmericanfishermanwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNinoseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulElNino,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongElNinoin1997helpedAmerican’seconomygrowby15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvest,farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalgrowthinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardroughtinsouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設施)canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(下水道)makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.AccordingtoapaperinbyMr.Hsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNino’sharmfuleffects-andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman. B.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.C.ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.D.Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.2.WhatmayElNinosbringabouttothecountriesaffected?A.Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall. B.Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.C.Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses. D.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.3.ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat.A.moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreduction B.governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidC.victimsofElNinodeservemorecompensation D.recoveryandreconstructionshouldcomefirst4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceElNinoanditsorigin. B.ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNino.C.ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNino. D.TourgepeopletoprepareforElNino.【答案】1-4DCAD【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最終一句ElNinoseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.可知D對的。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulElNino,onbalance,thantheylose.可知C對的3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第三句AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.可知A對的。4.目的意圖題。根據(jù)最終一句SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.各國政府要把減少損失放在優(yōu)先位置。也就是說我們要事先做好準備?？芍狣對的。BInspiringyoungminds!TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing,bringingauniquecombinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWmagazine?Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinside-insteaditisjam-packedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakescomplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbecomeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy-andtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.What’sinside?Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake-themagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.Soundstoogoodtobetrue?Takealookonline-evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandrecommendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.HappyBirthdayAllYear!Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepscomingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.SUBSCRIBENOW□AnnualSubscriptionEurope￡55 RestofWorld￡65□AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap,apassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscriptionEurope￡60 RestofWorld￡70RefundPolicy-thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.1.WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine?A.Itentertainsyoungparents. B.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements.C.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions. D.Itcombinesfunwithcomplexconcepts.2.WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders?A.Onlinecourses. B.Articlesonnewtopics.C.Lecturesonabalancedlife. D.Reportsonscientificdiscoveries.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12-mouthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?A.￡55. B.￡60. C.￡65. D.￡70.4.SubscribersofTOKNOWwouldget.A.freebirthdaypresents B.fullrefundwithin28daysC.membershipoftheTOKNOWclub D.chancestomeettheexpertsinperson【答案】1-4DBDB【解析】1.根據(jù)第一種方框內(nèi)的描述可知，答案為D2.根據(jù)第二個方框內(nèi)的“afreshnewtopicwitharticles…”可知答案為B3.根據(jù)AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPack所在部分可知答案是D4.根據(jù)文章最終一段可知答案為BCSupposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正有關(guān))betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity...ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”.1.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof.A.academicrequirements B.socialexpectationsC.financialrewards D.internalneeds2.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?A.Follow-upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear. B.Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch. D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.3.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A.Individualdifferencesinroleidentity. B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirts.C.Roleidentityasavolunteer. D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteer B.HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviorsC.HowtoStrengthenVolunteers’Identity D.HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities【答案】1-4DBCA【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容可知人們做志愿者工作的原由于：toexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.再結(jié)合Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.可知答案為D（滿足內(nèi)在的需求）2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最終一句中“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”可知志愿者應當從心理上做好充足的準備。選項B對的3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句中thosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.可知志愿者身份認同會鼓勵他們繼續(xù)從事志愿者工作。選項C對的4.標題歸納題。文章首段提出假設：假如你是一名組織領(lǐng)導人，很想得到志愿者的協(xié)助，并指出在此之前，必須弄清志愿者為何自發(fā)地去服務社會，并通過3個試驗研究志愿者的意圖。因此A項（怎樣使人們從事志愿者服務）是文章的最佳標題。DAskmostpeoplehowtheydefinetheAmericanDreamandchancesarethey’llsay,“Success.”ThedreamofindividualopportunityhasbeenhomeinAmericansinceEuropeansdiscovereda“newworld”intheWesternHemisphere.EarlyimmigrantslikeHectorSt.JeandeCrevecoeurpraisedhighlythefreedomandopportunitytobefoundinthisnewland.HisglowingdescriptionsofaclasslesssocietywhereanyonecouldattainsuccessthroughhonestyandhardworkfiredtheimaginationsofmanyEuropeanreaders:inLettersfromanAmericanFarmer(1782)hewrote.“Weareallexcitedatthespiritofanindustrywhichisunfettered(無拘無束的)andunrestrained,becauseeachpersonworksforhimself…Wehavenoprinces,forwhomwetoil(干苦力活),