高考北師大版英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)能力提升題組訓(xùn)練Unit24Society

Unit24Society能力提升題組訓(xùn)練(A)Ⅰ.閱讀(2019山東菏澤高三一模)InthisPennsylvaniacity,Pittsburghisshrinkingbutgettingwealthier.Since2000,itspopulationhasdeclinedby95,000whileitsinepercapita(人均)hasshotup24percent.Thetrendistakingholdinmanyothercities,likeBuffaloinNewYork,ProvidenceinRhodeIslandandNewOrleans.payingjobshaveagreatereffectbecausetheycreatedemandforadditionalservices.“ThestoryinPittsburghisverypositive,andotherareasarelookingatitasanexampleofthetransformationthatmightbepossible,”saidGuhanVenkatu,whowroteaneconomichistoryoftheareacalled“RustandRenewal”fortheFederalReserveBankofCleveland.CarnegieMellonUniversityandtheUniversityofPittsburghhavehelpedbringtechjobsandinnovation(革新)totheareabysponsoringtechcentersthathelpgraduatesstartpanieswithoutmovingtoSiliconValleyorSanFrancisco.ThishashelpedkeepPittsburgh’seducatedyoungpopulationgrowingevenastheentirepopulationinthecityhasdropped.PittsburghhasmoreSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)jobsthanothershrinkingcities,about80,000or7%ofalljobs.STEMjobsaddproductivityandinegrowthtothearea.ManufacturersofhightechmedicalequipmentinthePittsburghareaalsohavedoubledemploymentinthelast10years.However,someexpertsquestionwhethergrowinginepercapitacanreallymakeupforadecliningpopulation.AccordingtoPatrickAdler,aresearcherattheUniversityofToronto,populationlossdoesmatterifitmeanslowerskilledworkershavefledbecauseofalackofopportunity.What’smore,highpayingjobsineducationandhealthcarecandisappearifthepopulationdeclinestoogreatly.Soitwouldbewisetofindwaystoincreasethepopulation.1.InwhataspectdoesPittsburghsetagoodexample?A.Transformingnewenergy. B.Creatingmorewellpaidjobs.C.Prohibitingthemanufacturing. D.Sponsoringhighereducation.2.Howdosomeacademicinstitutionshelpwiththelocaleconomy?A.Byhelpingtoattractmoretalentsfromotherareas.B.Byprovidingmuchtechnicalsupporttolocalpanies.C.Bysuccessfullykeepingeducatedyouthsworkinglocally.D.Byassistinginemployingalargenumberofeducatedyouths.3.WhyisPatrickAdlermentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowthedisadvantageofadecliningpopulation. B.Togiveasuggestionaboutincreasingpopulation.C.Toraisedoubtsaboutgrowinginepercapita. D.Totellareasonwhylowerskilledworkersflee.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowFastJobGrowthIsRelatedtoPopulationGrowthB.HowLesscrowdedCitiesPlanTheirHightechEconomyC.WhySomeCitiesareLosingPeoplebutGettingWealthierD.WhySomeCitiesareSufferingFromaShrinkingPopulation語篇解讀:本文為說明文。在美國有一些城市人口在減少,但經(jīng)濟在發(fā)展,這其中是有原因的。文章對此進行了介紹說明。答案及剖析:1.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Someoftheseareashavecreatedmorehighpayingjobsinenergy,healthcareoreducation”和第三、四段可推斷,匹茲堡在創(chuàng)造更多的高薪工作方面樹立了榜樣。故B項正確。2.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“CarnegieMellonUniversityandtheUniversityofPittsburghhavehelpedbringtechjobsandinnovation(革新)totheareabysponsoringtechcentersthathelpgraduatesstartpanieswithoutmovingtoSiliconValleyorSanFrancisco.ThishashelpedkeepPittsburgh’seducatedyoungpopulationgrowing...”可知,一些學(xué)術(shù)機構(gòu)通過成功地讓受教育的年輕人在當?shù)毓ぷ鱽韼椭數(shù)氐慕?jīng)濟。故C項正確。3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可推斷,最后一段提到PatrickAdler是為了說明人口減少的弊端。故A項正確。4.C標題判斷題。通讀全文,尤其是第一段可知,本文主要是在介紹有些城市人口在減少但經(jīng)濟卻在發(fā)展的原因。故C項正確。Ⅱ.七選五(2019江西上饒高三第二次聯(lián)考)NewYear’sTraditionsAroundtheWorldTherearemanytraditionsaroundtheworldtocelebratetheNewYear.Here’salookatafewofthem.DriveoffbadluckManycultureshavetraditionsmeanttoscareoffbadluck.Thisofteninvolvesusingfireorloudnoisesintheformoffireworks!InScotland,forexample,peopleholdbonfirecelebrations.Menfromvillageswalkthroughthestreetsswinginggiantburningfireballsovertheirheads.1..

Foodforgoodluck2..InthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates,peopleofteneatblackeyedpeasandporkforgoodluckintheNewYear.InSpain,astheclockstrikesmidnight,peopleeat12grapes,whichrepresentthe12monthsoftheyear.Itguaranteesthattheyearwillbefilledwithgoodluck.

ClothingtraditionsManypeopleliketowearnewclothingtostarttheNewYear.InRomania,thereisatraditionthatinvolvesdressingupinabearcostume.3.,ifthiswon’t!InBrazil,somepeoplewearcolorfulunderwearonNewYear’sEve.Themostpopularcolorsareredandyellow.4..Yellowissupposedtobringyoumoney.

5..

ManyusethestartofNewYearasatimetotrysomethingneworchangesomethingaboutthemselves.TheNewYearisaperfecttimetochangeyourselfforthebetter.ThatiswhymanypeoplehavethetraditionofmakingaNewYear’sresolution.Itisusuallyaboutlivinghealthierorhavingmoresuccessinlife.Thesearejustahandfuloftraditions.TellusaboutaNewYear’straditioninyourculture!A.LearnsomethingnewB.Idon’tknowwhatwillscareoffevilspiritsC.MakeaNewYear’sresolutionD.RedissupposedtobringyouloveE.Foodplaysanimportantroleinpeople’slifeF.AndthesefireballsaresupposedtocleantheingyearG.Manycultureshavecertaindietsthataresaidtobringgoodluck答案:15FGBDCⅢ.完形填空“Fourelevenyearoldboys,Wow!”Standingsleepilyinthestore’sentrance,I1thisstrangesight.MydadhadjustdroppedmeofftoshopforChristmas2butmybrotherandhisfriendshadamorenoblereasonforshopping.

“DoyouthinkCaitlinwilllikethis?”oneoftheboysasked.Andmybrother,lookingrather3,wasstandinginfrontofashelfofsocks.”O(jiān)kay.Thepinkonewouldbeagoodidea,”I4.Hepickeduponeandpresentedittomeforapproval.

Theyusedupalltheir5someofwhichtheyhadsavedupoverthecourseoftheyearforChristmasgifts.But,theyhadall6tospenditonCaitlin.

JustninedaysbeforeChristmas,Caitlin’shousehadbeenburnedtotheground.By7Caitlinandherparentshadallescaped.8,everythinginthehousewasengulfed(吞噬)inflames,includingtheChristmaspresents9tobewrapped(包裝).

Theschoolwas10theirbooksanduniforms,Andallthe11iWhenwegothome,mybrotherbroughteverythinghehad12forCaitlintomyroomtomakesureIthoughtshe’dlikeeverythingonelasttime.

“Ithinkshe’llloveeverything,”Isaid,and13him,eventhoughhetriedtopushmeaway.Iwassoproudofhimatthatmoment.He14allhissavingsforanewskateboard15forafriendwhoneededaChristmaspresentmorethanhedid.Hehad,throughthisactofapureheart,capturedthetruespiritofChristmas.”

11.A.friends B.girls 14.A.lookedup B.turnedup C.gaveup D.madeup語篇解讀:本文為記敘文。作者哥哥的同學(xué)凱特琳家中失火,燒毀了一切。作者的哥哥及凱特琳的所有同學(xué)都積極幫助了凱特琳。他們用純凈的心靈,詮釋了真正的圣誕精神。答案及剖析:1.Bexchanged交換;observed觀察,注意到;repeated重復(fù);shared分享。根據(jù)下文thisstrangesight可知,作者注意到了這個奇怪的景象。故B項正確。2.Cdreams夢想;wishes愿望;gifts禮物;secrets秘密。根據(jù)空前MydadhadjustdroppedmeofftoshopforChristmas可知,作者的爸爸剛剛送她來買圣誕禮物。故C項正確。3.Bashamed羞愧的;confused困惑的;scared害怕的;relieved放心的。根據(jù)下文“Okay.Thepinkonewouldbeagoodidea,”I4.可知,作者的哥哥在一架子襪子前相當困惑,不知道選哪一個。故B項正確。

4.Dwarmed使……溫暖;agreed同意;doubted懷疑;advised建議。作者在給哥哥提建議。故D項正確。5.Cenergy精力;time時間;money錢;patience耐心。根據(jù)下文someofwhichtheyhadsavedupoverthecourseoftheyearforChristmasgifts可知,他們花光了所有的錢,其中一些是他們在過去一年里為圣誕禮物積攢下來的。故C項正確。6.Adecided決定;regretted后悔;failed失敗;happened碰巧。但是,他們都決定把錢花在凱特琳身上。故A項正確。7.Dnature自然;hand手;mistake錯誤;chance機會。凱特琳和她的父母碰巧都逃出來了。bychance“偶然;意外地”。故D項正確。8.COtherwise否則;Instead相反;However然而;Therefore所以。然而,房子里的一切都被大火吞沒了。故C項正確。9.Awaiting等待;pretending假裝;turning轉(zhuǎn)向;proving證明。房子里的一切都被大火吞沒了,包括等待包裝的圣誕禮物。故A項正確。10.Ddesigning設(shè)計;choosing選擇;studying學(xué)習(xí);replacing更換。學(xué)校正在更換他們的課本和校服。故D項正確。11.Bfriends朋友;girls女孩;colleagues同事;parents父母。根據(jù)下文whiletheboyswereshoppingforthingslikescarvesandsocks.可知,凱特琳班上所有的女孩都帶她去買衣服,而男孩們則去買圍巾和襪子。故B項正確。12.Cbowed鞠躬;accepted接受;purchased購買;earned賺取。根據(jù)上文whiletheboyswereshoppingforthingslikescarvesandsocks.可知,哥哥把他為凱特琳買的所有東西都帶到我的房間。故C項正確。13.Ahugged擁抱;criticized批評;teased取笑;saved挽救。根據(jù)下文eventhoughhetriedtopushmeaway可知,作者去擁抱了哥哥。故A項正確。14.Clookedup查閱;turnedup出現(xiàn);gaveup放棄;madeup彌補。作者的哥哥放棄了所有積蓄買了一個新的滑板。故C項正確。15.Dnervously緊張地;fortunately幸運地;angrily生氣地;selflessly無私地。根據(jù)上文He14allhissavingsforanewskateboard可知,作者的哥哥為了自己的朋友無私地放棄了自己所有的積蓄。故D項正確。

能力提升題組訓(xùn)練(B)Ⅰ.閱讀A(2019湖南三湘名校教育聯(lián)盟高三聯(lián)考)Postmenarealltoousedtokeepinganeyeoutforthethreatofdogs.ButinaseasidetowninNorthWales,theyhavebeenforcedtotakecoverfromanunexpectedthreatseagulls.Theyhaveplainedthatthebirdshavebeesoterrifyingthatdeliveriestosomestreetshavebeensuspended.YesterdayresidentsofAbergeleagreedtheseagullswerefearlessbutsaidtheywereangryatlosingtheirdailypost.Roberts,whoworksasasafetyadviser,liveswheretheattackshavetakenplace.“Lastweek,wenoticedwehadn’tgotanymailforwhatwethoughtwasaweek,butit’shardtotellbecauseyoudon’talwaysknowifyou’redueanymail,”shesaid.“WeputsomethingonFacebookaskingifanyoneelsehadnothadtheirpost...OneofmyFacebookfriendssaidapostmanhadrefusedtodeliverbecauseoftheseagulls.”RoyalMailsaidthatdeliverieshadbeeninterruptedbecauseofthepostmanexperiencingattacksbyseagullsashedeliveredmailonhisroundthereoverthepastfewweeks,addingthatthepostmangotpeople’smailthroughwheneveritwassafe.“Weknowthatthesekindsofattacksdohappenatthistimeofyearacrossthecountryastheyarenesting,”shesaid.RoyalMailapologizedtothecustomersaffectedandpromisedtocontinuetomonitorthesituationeveryday,butinthemeantimesomearehavingtotraveltoneighbouringRoyaltocollectmailfromthedeliveryofficethere.Butheremendspreventinggullsnestingonroofsinadvancebyputtingupnets,andifallelsefails,walkingwithanumbrellaupduringworstaffectedareas.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“suspended”mostprobablymean?ed.2.TheresidentsofAbergelearenothappybecause.

A.theseagullsaresoterrifying B.thedogsaresothreateningC.theydon’treceivetheirpostontime D.theseagullsarestealingtheirpost3.WhydidRobertsputsomethingonFacebook?A.Toknowifanyoneelsehadthesameexperience. B.Toofferadvicetodealwiththeseagulls.C.Toavoidbeingattackedbyseagulls. D.Toanswerquestionsaboutsafety.4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Seagullsliketostealresidents’post. B.Postmen’ssafetyisthreatenedbyseagulls.C.ResidentsofAbergeleareafraidofseagulls. D.Dailypostisdelayedbecauseofseagulls’attack.語篇解讀:這是一篇故事類閱讀。本文主要講述了在北威爾士的一個小鎮(zhèn),由于海鷗的襲擊,郵遞員不得不暫停了郵件的投遞。答案及剖析:1.B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句子Theyhaveplainedthatthebirdshavebeesoterrifyingthatdeliveriestosomestreetshavebeensuspended.可知,由于海鷗襲擊郵遞員,郵件的投遞只好暫停,故推知suspend意為“推遲,暫?！薄９蔬xB。2.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段YesterdayresidentsofAbergeleagreedtheseagullswerefearlessbutsaidtheywereangryatlosingtheirdailypost.可知,阿貝爾格萊的居民也承認這里的海鷗是什么都不怕,但是讓他們感到很生氣的是他們沒有及時收到每日的郵件,故選C。3.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段WeputsomethingonFacebookaskingifanyoneelsehadnothadtheirpost可知因為出現(xiàn)了這種情況,DebbieRoberts才到“臉書”去問其他人是不是也有相同的遭遇,故選A。4.D主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,本文主要講述了在北威爾士的一個小鎮(zhèn),由于海鷗的襲擊,郵遞員不得不暫停了郵件的投遞,D項概括了文章的大意,故選D。BAllovertheworldmothersandfathersteachtheirchildrenmanners.Otherchildrenmayhavemannersthatarenotlikeyours.Thereareallkindsofmanners.Manyyearsago,childrenwhohadgoodmannerswereseenandnotheard.Theykeptquitequietifgrownupsweretalking.Today,wellmanneredchildrenhavemorefreedom.Sometimesgoodmannersinoneplacearebadmannersinotherplaces.SupposeyouareavisitorinthelandofMongolia.Somefriendsaskyoutoeatwiththem.Whatkindofmannersdotheywantyoutohave?Theywantyoutogivealoud“burp”(打嗝)afteryoufinisheating.Burpingwouldshowthatyoulikedyourfood.Insomecountries,ifyougivealoudburp,youaretoldtosay“Excuseme,please.”Inmanyplacespeopleliketoeattogether.ButinsomepartsofPolynesiaitisbadmannerstobeseeneatingatall.Peopleshowgoodmannersbyturningtheirbacksonotherswhiletheyeat.WhataremannerslikeinanEastAfricantown?Thepeopletrynottoseeyou.Theyarebeingpolite.Youmayseeafriend.Hemaynotseeyouatall.Ifyouarepolite,youwillsitdownbesidehim.Youwillwaituntilhefinisheswhatheisdoing.Thenhewilltalktoyou.SupposeyouvisitafriendinArabia.Youshouldwalkbehindtheothertentsuntilyouetohistent.Ifyoupassinfrontoftheothertents,youwillbeaskedintoeachone.Peoplewillaskyoutoeatwiththem.Anditisbadmannersifyousayno.Mannersaredifferentallovertheworld.Butitisgoodtoknowthatallmannersbegininthesameway.Peopleneededwaystoshowthattheywantedtobefriends.5.Peopleturntheirbacksonotherswhiletheyeatin.

A.somepartsofPolynesia B.anEastAfricantown6.InanEastAfricantown,thepeopletrynottoseeyou.Thisisbecause.

A.theyarebusydoingthings B.theydon’twanttotalkwithyouC.itisgoodmanners D.theyarewaitingforyoutotalkwiththem7.Thebesttitleofthepassageshouldbe.

A.Differentkindsofmanners B.WhataregoodmannersC.Children’smannersaredifferent D.WhenyouareinRome,doastheRomansdo語篇解讀:本文介紹了各地的不同風(fēng)俗禮節(jié)。答案及剖析:5.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段我們知道在波利尼西亞群島,人們進餐時習(xí)慣背對著別人,因為他們認為,吃東西時讓別人看見是不禮貌的?？芍x項A正確。6.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段WhataremannerslikeinanEastAfricantown?Thepeopletrynottoseeyou.Theyarebeingpolite.可知這是禮貌的表現(xiàn)。故答案選C。7.A標題歸納題。通讀全文可知本文介紹了各地的不同風(fēng)俗禮節(jié)。故選項A正確。Ⅱ.語法填空(2019山東煙臺高三一模)Litteriseverywhere,doinggreatharm1.theenvironmentandlifeonourplanet.JeffKirschner,whowantstobuildalitterfreeworld,startedaglobalmunitynamedLitterati2.(settle)thisproblem.

Thestorybeganwithhis6yearolddaughter.Onedaytheyweregoingonahikewhenthegirlnoticeda3.(break)plastictub(浴盆)inariver.Shesaid,“Daddy,thatdoesn’tgothere.”ThattookKirschnerbysurprise.He,likemanyadults,hadbeesousedtotherubbisharoundthemthathehadn’tgivenitasecondlook.4.hisdaughtersaidremindedhimoftheseriousproblemourplanetfaces.

Jeffstartedtotake5.(act).HecreatedLitterati,anappthatmakesitfuntopickuplitter.Theideais6.(fair)simple:Spotapieceoftrash,takeaphoto,postthephotoonlineandthenputthelitterintodustbins.

7.(see)thatJeffwaskeepingarecordofthepositiveimpacthewashavingontheplanet,peopleworldwidestartedparticipating.Uptonow,over2,500,000photospostedby3,500peoplefromover40countries8.(find)theirwaytoLitterati’sdigitallandfill.

Litteratiismorethananapp.Itisahighly9.(effect)solutiontoapressingissue.Whereveryou