現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀6-paraphrase-原文+譯文版

LessononeVirtueis,indeedmustbe,self-centered.(para4)正確的行動(dòng)是，確實(shí)也必須是以自我為中心的。Byrightaction,wemeanitmusthelppromotepersonalinterest.Theessentialsarefamiliar:thepovertyofthepoorwasthefaultofthepoor.Anditwasbecauseitwasproductoftheirexcessivefecundity…..(para5)他的基本觀點(diǎn)為人熟知：窮人的貧窮是他們咎由自取，貧窮是熱門(mén)過(guò)度生育的結(jié)果Thepovertyofthepoorwascausedbytheirhavingtoomanychildren.Povertybeingcausedinthebedmeantthattherichwerenotresponsibleforeitheritscreationoritsamelioration.(para6)貧窮源于過(guò)度生育意味著富人不應(yīng)該為產(chǎn)生貧窮和解決貧窮承擔(dān)責(zé)任Therichwerenottoblamefortheexistenceofpovertysotheyshouldnotbeaskedtoundertakethetaskofsolvingtheproblem.ItismerelytheworkingoutofalawofnatureandalawofGod(para8)這是自然規(guī)律和上帝的意志在起作用。Itisonlytheresultoreffectofthelawofthesurvivalofthefittestappliedtonatureortohumansociety.Itdeclinedinpopularity,andreferencetoitacquiredacondemnatorytone.(para9)然而在20世紀(jì)，人們認(rèn)為社會(huì)學(xué)中的達(dá)爾文進(jìn)化論有點(diǎn)過(guò)于殘酷，遭到了普遍的質(zhì)疑，人們提及它都帶有譴責(zé)的口吻。PeoplebegantorejectSocialDarwinismbecauseitseemedtoglorifybrutalforceandopposetreasuredvaluesofsympathy,loveandfriendship.Therefore,whenitwasmentioned,itwasusuallythetargetofcriticism.Inrecentyears,however,ithasbecomeclearthatthesearchforawayofgettingthepooroffourconsciencewasnotatanend;itwasonlysuspended.(para11)然而，最近幾年，很顯然我們又在試圖尋求不為窮人的存在而內(nèi)疚的辦法．這種嘗試并沒(méi)有結(jié)束，而只是曾經(jīng)中斷過(guò)一段時(shí)間。Thedesiretofindawaytojustifytheunconcernforthepoorhadnotbeenabandoned;ithadonlybeenputoff.Infact,wehaveintheUnitedStatesanextraordinarilygoodpublicserviceonemadeupoftalentedanddedicatedpeoplewhoareoverwhelminglyhonestandonlyrarelygiventooverpayingformonkeywrenches,flashlights,coffeemakers,andtoiletseats(para13)實(shí)際上，美國(guó)有非常優(yōu)秀的公共服務(wù)隊(duì)伍一支由富有才于和敬業(yè)精神的人組成的隊(duì)伍，他們非常誠(chéng)實(shí)，以致像出高價(jià)購(gòu)實(shí)活動(dòng)扳手、手電筒、咖啡壺以及馬桶坐圈以獲取回扣的情況及為罕見(jiàn)Governmentofficials,onthewhole,aregood;itisveryrarethatsomewouldpayhighpricesforofficeequipmenttogetkickbacks.Thisisperhapsourmosthighlyinfluentialpieceoffiction.(para15)這種說(shuō)法也許是我們最有影響的一個(gè)虛構(gòu)故事。Itisaverypopularstoryandhasbeenacceptedbymanybutitisnottrue.Beliefcanbetheservantoftruth---butevenmoreofconvenience.(para16)信念可以是真理的仆人，但更多的情況下只是一時(shí)之需。Beliefcanbeusefulinthesearchfortruth.Butmoreoftenthannotitisacceptedbecauseitisconvenientandself-serving.GeorgeGilder,agreatlyfavoredfigureoftherecentpast,whotellstomuchapplausethatthepoormusthavethecruelspuroftheirownsufferingtoensureeffort.(para20)最近深受歡迎的喬治吉爾德在眾人的支持聲中宣稱窮人應(yīng)該承受一定的痛苦，才能受到激勵(lì)而努力改變現(xiàn)狀；GeorgeGilderadvancestheviewthatonlywhenthepoorsufferfromgreatmiserywilltheybestimulatedtomakegreateffortstochangethesituation;inotherwords,sufferingisnecessarytoforcethepoortoworkhard.LessontwoButthesemarksofwildcountrycalledtomyfatherlikethelegendarysirensong.可是正是這些特征，像希臘神話里海妖那動(dòng)聽(tīng)的歌聲一樣，誘惑著爸爸。Thoughtheplacewasnotpleasantanddisagreeabletootherpeople,theyweretheverythingsthatfascinatedmyfather---itsunexplored,uncultivatednaturalstate,andthechallenge.Theattractionswereirresistibletomyfather,justlikethelegendarysirensongtosailors."I'mafraidtheday'sgoingtocatchus,"Iexplained,wonderingwhatgreatdisastermightbefallusifitdid.“我怕天就要黑了，”我解釋到，心里想天真的黑了，會(huì)有什么樣更大的災(zāi)難降臨到我們頭上。Asalittlegirl,Ibelievedmyfather'swords,andwasgenuinelyafraidofthepossibledisaster--ifwedidn'thurryup,thedaywouldcatchusandterriblethingsmighthappen.3....fromtimetotimehewashalfheartedlysoughtfortrial,thoughfewcrimesseemedtoleaddirectlytohisdoor.警察們時(shí)不時(shí)地例行公事，試圖逮捕他，但似乎找不出他違法的具體證據(jù)。Inthisplace,thoughthepolicewoundmakesomeeffortwithoutrealearnesttoinvestigateWatsonandbringhimtocourt,thereseemedtobelittleconcreteevidencetoprovethathewasresponsibleforcertainillegalactivities.4.ThestrangleholdWatsonhadoverthissectionofFloridawasnotdissimilartotheunscrupulousactivitiesofcertainlawmen,otherlegalcrooks,andevengovernorsthatourstatewastosufferthroughitshistory.沃森在佛羅里達(dá)州這一地區(qū)的惡霸行為與我們?cè)诤髞?lái)所遭受的某些執(zhí)法者、法律騙子，甚至一些地方官員們的無(wú)恥行徑毫無(wú)二致。ThecontrolWatsonhadoverthispartofFloridawasmuchsimilartothedishonestorillegalactivitiesofthelaw-enforcingofficialsandgovernorswhichFloridawitnessedinthe20thcentury.5.Therewasthelittleshack,notthemostgraciousoflivingquarters,andtherewasamurdererforournearestandonlyneighbor,aboutthirtymilesaway.小島上有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)陋的木屋，算不上很好的居住場(chǎng)所，唯一的近鄰就是住在30英里外的殺人犯沃森。Beforethefamilybuilttheirownhouse,theylivedinashabbycabinatGopherKey,closetothemercilessWatson.6.KingRichardinhisgluttonyneversatatatablemoresumptuousthanourswasthreetimesaday...即使是講究美食的國(guó)王理查德也不可能像我們一樣一日三餐吃著如此豐盛的野味。Wehadabundantfoodontheisland,andeventhemealsenjoyedbyKingRichard,whowasfamousforhisloveoffood,couldn'tpossiblycomparewithours.7.Despitetheunrelentingheat,wewerehappytobeletofffromourhoursofschoolindoors,sessionswhichourmotherkepteveryday,rainorshine.盡管烈日當(dāng)頭，我們卻很高興不用在屋里上課；平時(shí)每天的這個(gè)時(shí)候，無(wú)論晴天還是下雨，媽媽都要給我們上課。Althoughitwasveryhotoutsideinthesun,wewerehappytobedismissedfrommymother'ssessionsindoors.Wewouldhavetoreadandwritewithhereverydaynomatterwhatthe要么使你們終生在一起Theyexperiencedtheworsttogetherandtheyknewwhatitwaslikeandunderstoodthemeaningofthatexperience.Suchanexperienceposedthegravesttesttopeople.Iftheystoodthetest,theirfriendshipormarriagewouldhestrengthened,andasacredbondagewouldbeformedbetweenthem.Butiftheyfailedtheteat,theirrelationshipwouldbebrokenandtheywouldbedrivenapart.Notriskingathingyetstayingaliveasasweettrickle,anundergroundresource.Withtheweightofthisnowstillnessonit,thisseal.(para94)我們不拿它來(lái)冒險(xiǎn)，而是讓它像涓涓細(xì)流慢慢地流淌，仿若地下資源。將愛(ài)封存，讓它靜靜地沉淀。Iftheyactedonlove,theywouldtakerisks.Theywouldn'tdothatorgofurtherintheirrelationship,buttheywouldratherlettheirloveremainasasweettrickle,whichwouldflowongentlyandpermanently,andasanundergroundresource,whichwouldneverbefullytappedbutwouldnevergodry.Unit5Thenationalrejectionofdogmaticpreconceptionsaboutthenatureofthesocialandeconomicorder(para6)美國(guó)拒絕關(guān)于社會(huì)本質(zhì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律的教條式偏見(jiàn)。Asanation,Americahasrefusedtoclingtocertainrigidprinciplesconcerningsocialandeconomicdevelopment.Americahasbeenadaptableandflexible.NorcanonesuggestthatAmericanshavebeenconsistentlyimmunetotheideologicaltemptation.(para8)沒(méi)有人能說(shuō)美國(guó)始終如一地不受意識(shí)形態(tài)體系誘惑的影響，NoonecansaythatAmericanshaveneverbeentemptedbytheapproachofunderstanding,preservingortransformingtheworldaccordingtorigiddogmas.andanyintellectsoshapedwasboundtohavecertainvulnerabilitytosecularideologyeverafter.(para8)而如此形成的思維方式一定始終容易受到世俗意識(shí)形態(tài)體系的攻擊。AmindinfluencedbyCalvinisttheologywouldsurelyfinditsomewhatdifficulttoresistothertemptationstoideologicalthinking.Pragmatismisnomorewhollydevoidofabstractionsthanideologyiswhollydevoidofexperience.(para10)實(shí)用主義并不完全排斥抽象慨念，就像意識(shí)形態(tài)體系不完全排斥經(jīng)驗(yàn)一樣。Abstractideashaveaplaceinpragmatismjustasexperiencehasaroleinideology.Asanideologist,however,Jeffersonistodayremote-afigurenotofpresentconcernbutofhistoricalcuriosity(para11)然而，作為一個(gè)意識(shí)形態(tài)主義者，他只是一個(gè)令人好奇的歷史人物．他的思想過(guò)時(shí)與今天的現(xiàn)實(shí)無(wú)關(guān)。Asamanfollowingafixedsetofbeliefs,Jeffersonisonlyaninterestinghistoricalfigure.Hisbeliefsareoutofdateandareirrelevanttopresentreality.and

often

whose

central

dogma

is

confided

to

the

custody

of

an

infallible

priesthood.

(para15)而這個(gè)理論體系的本質(zhì)掌握在永無(wú)謬誤的圣人手中。Theessenceofthetheoreticalsystemisputinthehandsofasmallgroupofpeoplewhocannevergowrong.where

free

men

may

find

partial

truths,

but

where

no

mortal

man

will

ever

get

an

absolute

grip

on

Absolute

Truth,(para16)一個(gè)自由的人們可以找到部分真理，而不是某個(gè)凡人獨(dú)自掌握了絕對(duì)真理的世界；IntheuniverseapersonwhosemindisunconstrainedmaybeabletodiscoverrelativetruthsbutnomanonearthcanclaimthathehasalreadygraspedtheoneandonlyTruth.But

ideology

is

a

drug;

no

matter

how

much

it

is

exposed

by

experience,

the

craving

for

it

still

persists.(para19)但意識(shí)形態(tài)體系就像毒品．不管實(shí)踐怎樣揭露它，對(duì)它的渴望依然存在IdeologyhasthecharacteristicofanarcoticInspiteofthefactthatithasbeenprovenwrongmanytimesbyexperience,peoplestilllongtocommitthemselvestoideology.the

only

certainty

in

an

absolute

system

is

the

certainty

of

absolute

abuse(para21)絕對(duì)的權(quán)力必然導(dǎo)致權(quán)力的濫用。Theonlythingthatissureofadespoticsystemisitsunrestrictedexerciseofpower.The

distinctive

human

triumph,

in

their

judgment,

lies

in

the

capacity

to

understand

the

frailty

of

human

striving

but

to

strive

nonetheless.(para22)他們懂得人類奮斗是存在缺憾的，但仍然奮斗不息。Themostoutstandingachievementofhumanityistheyknowthatnomatterhowhardtheytry,theycannotachieveAbsoluteTruth,yettheycontinuetomakegreateffortsandrefusetogiveup.Unit7Formanholdsinhismortalhandsthepowertoabolishallformsofhumanlife.(para2)因?yàn)槿祟愒谧约旱氖种姓莆罩阋宰柚挂磺腥祟愗毟F的形成且破壞各種人類生活形式的力量。Asaresultoftechnologicaldevelopment,humanbeingsnowhavethepowertoputanendtopovertyandhumanmisery,butatthesametimetheyalsopossessthepowertodestroythewholeworld,renderingituninhabitableandlifeless....unwillingtowitnessorpermittheslowundoingofthosehumanrights...(para3)而且不愿目睹容許我國(guó)一向維護(hù)的人權(quán)被人逐漸剝奪，這是我們現(xiàn)今無(wú)論在國(guó)內(nèi)或國(guó)外都必須堅(jiān)持的立場(chǎng)Wedonotwanttoseeortoallowtheslowdestructionofthosehumanrights.Tothosepeoplesinthehutsandvillagesofhalftheglobestrugglingtobreakthebondsofmassmisery,wepledgeourbesteffortstohelpthemhelpthemselves...(para8)對(duì)位于我們南邊的各個(gè)姐妹共和國(guó)．我們提出一項(xiàng)特別的保證Tothepeopleoftheunderdevelopedcountrieslivinginpovertyinruralareas,wearecommittedtohelpingthemtoridthemselvesofmasspovertybytheirownefforts.Butthispeacefulrevolutionofhopecannotbecomethepreyofhostilepowers.(para9)但是此一希望的和平革命．絕不能成為敵國(guó)的犧牲品。ButweshouldnotletanyCommunistpowertakeadvantageofthisallianceforprogresstoexpanditsinfluence.Andleteveryotherpowerknowthatthishemisphereintendstoremainthemasterofitsownhouse.(para9)并讓所有美洲以外的國(guó)家都知道，西半球的事會(huì)由其自己管理。WewanttomakecleartotheCommunistpowersthatAmericasaretheAmericasoftheAmericans.Donotattempttopenetrateintothisarea....beforethedarkpowersofdestructionunleashedbyscienceengulfallhumanityinplannedoraccidentalself-destruction.(para11)不要等到科學(xué)所釋放出的危險(xiǎn)的破壞力量在有意或無(wú)意中使全人類淪于自我毀滅...beforetheworldisdestroyedbyanuclearwarlaunchedinapreemptiveattackorcausedbyaccident....yetbothracingtoaltertheuncertain...ofmankind'sfinalwar.(para13)然而卻仍然競(jìng)相改進(jìn)那足以遏止人類最后戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的那一不穩(wěn)定的恐怖均衡．Yetbothsidesattempttogetanedgeinthenucleararmsracesoastobreakthemutualdeterrencewhichhassofarpreventedtheoutbreakofanuclearwar....civilityisnotasignofweakness,andsincerityisalwayssubjecttoproof.(para14)謙恭并不代表懦弱，但要證明其誠(chéng)意Tobereadytonegotiateandestablishfriendlyrelationsdoesnotmeanthatweareweakorafraid.Declarationsofsincereintentionhavetobetestedbyactions.Letbothsidesseektoinvokethewondersofscienceinsteadofitsterrors.(para17)讓雙方探究是什么能使我們團(tuán)結(jié)在起，而避免致力于加強(qiáng)那些使我們分裂的問(wèn)題。Letthetwosidesusethefruitsofscienceforthebenefitofhumanityratherthanusinghigh-techweaponstokillanddestroy....eachgenerationofAmericanshasbeensummonedtogivetestimonytoitsnationalloyalty.(para21)每一代的美國(guó)人都曾被喚起表明其對(duì)國(guó)家的忠誠(chéng)TherehavebeenoccasionsforeachgenerationofAmericanstobecalledupontofightanddiefortheircountry.Unit9Perhapsbecausetheydon’thavehometowns,justplaceswheretheywereborn.Butthesegirlssoakupthejuiceoftheirhometowns,anditneverleavesthem.(para2)也許因?yàn)樗齻儾辉屑亦l(xiāng)，那些地方只是她們的出生地。但是她們深受家鄉(xiāng)的影響，而且這種影響伴隨她們終生aThisisperhapsbecausetheyonlyhaveplacesofbirth,butnotplaceswheretheyfeelathomeandwhichtheyidentifythemselveswith.Butthesegirlsarestronglyinfluencedbytheirhometown,andtheinfluencestayswiththemforeverevenaftertheyleavetheirhometown,Whereveriterupts,thisFunk,theywipeitaway;whereitcrusts,theydissolveit;whereveritdrips,flowers,orclings,theyfinditandfightituntiluntilitdies.(para4)無(wú)論這種低俗在哪顯現(xiàn)．她們都要去除它；無(wú)論在哪剛出現(xiàn)，她們都要將其化為烏有；無(wú)論它在哪里顯露、發(fā)展、依附，她們都會(huì)找到它并一直戰(zhàn)斗到它不復(fù)存在。Thebrowngirlstryhardtorepresstheiremotionsandpassions.However,thesenaturalhumanemotionscannotbewipedouttotally.Sometimestheywillemergeandburstout.Andtheywilldevelop,becomestrongerandstaywiththem.Sowheneverandwhereverthisfunkburstsout,thebrowngirlswilldotheirbesttostifleit.Aslongashisneedswerephysical,shecouldmeetthem---comfortandsat