2023屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)：語(yǔ)法填空（含解析）

（4）語(yǔ)法填空—2023屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)揭秘高考原題【新高考】一、高考原題1.

（2022年新高考）

TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNational

Park(GPNP).

①_____(cover)

anareaaboutthreetimes

②_____sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat

③_____(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority

④_____(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP

⑤_____(design)

toreflecttheguidingprincipleof

"protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)

ofnaturalecosystems,

preservingbiologicaldiversity,

protectingecologicalbufferzones,

⑥_____leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))

forfuturegenerations".TheGPNP'smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate

⑦_(dá)____(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and

⑧_____(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.

Giantpandasalsoserve

⑨_____anumbrellaspecies(物種),bringing

protectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwestern

andnorthwestern

partsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies

⑩_____livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.2.

（2021年新高考）

GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles'song"TheLongandWindingRoad".①_____issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe②_____(human)are.

Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill③_____(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the④_____(hot)thespring!Strange,isn'tit?Butthat'shownatureis—alwaysleavingus⑤_____(astonish).

Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan'thelpwonderinghowhardit⑥_____(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure

⑦_(dá)____offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour⑧_____(ache)legs.

Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad"willneverdisappear",anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor'smemory.Itsuredoesin⑨_____(I).Whileyou'reinChina,MountHuangshanis⑩_____

musttovisit!3.（2020年新高考）

Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,①_____(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig

②_____untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,③_____(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum④_____openedin1759.

Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic⑤_____(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum'scollection⑥_____(be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.

Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimagine⑦_(dá)____(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor

⑧_____walkthrougharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity'sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical⑨_____(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete

⑩_____people'ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.二、考情分析考查詞性的變化1分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定句子成分1）形容詞和副詞的轉(zhuǎn)化——修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，做狀語(yǔ)——使用副詞。2）名詞與形容詞的轉(zhuǎn)化——表示事物的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，作表語(yǔ)——使用形容詞。3）動(dòng)詞與名詞的轉(zhuǎn)化——在冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格后，做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)——使用名詞。2根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法和邏輯關(guān)系確定答案考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的曲折變化1看結(jié)構(gòu)：根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷是否考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。若句中沒(méi)有別的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。2定語(yǔ)態(tài)：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和動(dòng)詞的用法確定使用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。3定時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或上下文確定具體時(shí)態(tài)。4看主謂一致：根據(jù)主語(yǔ)確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式。5注意特殊句式（祈使句使用動(dòng)詞原形）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的曲折變化1判斷使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞——句中已有謂語(yǔ)，且設(shè)空處不作并列謂語(yǔ)2確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式（1）根據(jù)句子成分判斷1）作目的狀語(yǔ)——不定式2）作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)——現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式3）作原因、伴隨、時(shí)間等狀語(yǔ)：與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系——現(xiàn)在分詞；與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系——過(guò)去分詞。4）作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)——?jiǎng)用~或不定式5）作定語(yǔ)：與被修飾詞構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系——現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式；與被修飾詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系——過(guò)去分詞。6）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：與句子賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系——現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式；與句子賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系——過(guò)去分詞。（2）根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)判斷：1）enjoy，finish等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)常用動(dòng)名詞。2）decide，refuse等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)常用不定式。3）remember，forget等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)使用動(dòng)名詞和不定式的意義不同。3注意固定搭配或固定句型——havedifficultyindoingsth.,bebusydoingsth.,it'snouse/gooddoingsth.,spend…doingsth等?？疾樵~“數(shù)”的變化名詞的數(shù)：（1）根據(jù)many,several,oneof…等信息詞確定。（2）根據(jù)句意確定。五、考查詞“級(jí)”的變化形容詞或副詞的比較等級(jí)（1）根據(jù)信息詞than，most等確定比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)（2）根據(jù)語(yǔ)境確定比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)考查詞“格”的變化代詞的轉(zhuǎn)化：（1）作定語(yǔ)——使用形容詞性物主代詞（2）作主語(yǔ)一一使用主格或名詞性物主代詞（3）作賓語(yǔ)——使用賓格、名詞性物主代詞或反身代詞三、變式訓(xùn)練4.

EgyptianradiologistAhmedHassanlikedthedesignandarchitectureofChina's①_____(remark)TempleofHeavensomuchthathedecidedtobuildareplica(復(fù)制品)ofBeijing'shistoricmonumentwithmatchsticks.

Inhisfreetime,whileexercisinghishobbyofbuildingmodelsoflandmarkswithmatchsticks,Hassanspentmorethantwomonths②_____(work)ontheTempleofHeaven.Hefinishedthewholereplicaofitusingabout22,000matchstickswhichhe③_____(think)isoneofthekeylandmarksandtourist④_____(attract)ofBeijing,thecapitalofChina.

Theover600-year-oldmonumentcovers

⑤_____areaof270hectaresand⑥_____(consider)oneofthelargestexistingarchitecturalcomplexesintheworld.Justastheoriginalcircularbuildingis⑦_(dá)____(complete)woodenwithnonails,theEgyptianradiologistusedonlymatchsticks,whiteglueandacutterbladetobuildthereplicaofthetemple.

Hassan,

⑧_____

returnedtohisoldhobbyin2013,hasproducedmorethan20replicasofmonumentsfromEgypt,Britain,France,DenmarkandRussiaoverthepastfewyears.HesaidthatbuildingamatchstickmodeloftheTempleofHeavenwasn'taneasyjob,foritwashisfirsttime⑨_____(carry)outareplicaofalandmarkfromAsiaingeneralandChina

⑩_____particular.5.

InternationalFriendshipDayisadaywhenfriendsshow①_____(appreciate)foroneanother.

In1919,InternationalFriendshipDay②_____(found)byHallmark.Itwasintendedtobeadayforpeople③_____(celebrate)theirfriendshipbysendingeachothercards.By1940themarket④_____(dry)up,andfinally,itdiedoutcompletely.InApril2011,theUnitedNations⑤_____(official)recognized30thJulyasInternationalFriendshipDay,althoughmostcountriesstillcelebrateit⑥_____

thefirstSundayofAugust!

OnInternationalFriendshipDay,takingatriptogethertocelebrateisanexcellentwaytomakethedayallabouteachother.Youcanvisitplaces

⑦_(dá)____

youfirstmetorgotowhereveryoupromisedeachothertogo.Withsomanypeople⑧_____(live)suchbusylives,however,noteveryonecanplanabigdayoutforeachother.Butthat'swhatmakesInternationalFriendshipDaysucha⑨_____(wonder)time.Bestfriendsunderstandthatlifeoftengetsintheway,sotheywon'tbeupsetifthere'snobigcelebrationintheirhonor.Moreover,with

⑩_____riseofsocialmedia,webecomemoreconnectedthaneverbefore,soInternationalFriendshipDayjustgiveseveryonethechancetogettogether.6.

Marsupials(有袋類(lèi)動(dòng)物)areknownforcarryingtheiryounginpouches(袋).Thekangarooisoneexample.Marsupialsgivebirthtobabiesthataretinyandunderdevelopedcomparedto

①_____

ofotheranimals.Ababykangaroo,forinstance,isonly

②_____

sizeofacandy.

Somemarsupialshavepouchesthatopenforward.Othershavepouchesthatopentowardthe③_____(mother)tail.Thatpreventsmothermarsupialfrom④_____(throw)dirtonherbabyasshedigs.Notallmarsupialshavepouches.Some⑤_____(simple)haveafoldofskinthatprotectstheiryoung.

Thereareabout300speciesofmarsupials,mostof

⑥_____

liveinAustraliaandnearbyislands.OthersliveintheAmericas.The⑦_(dá)____(large)marsupialistheredkangaroo,whichcangrowuptoabouttwometerstall.Thesmallestmarsupialisbarely12centimetersin⑧_____(long).

Marsupialstend⑨_____(have)goodhearingandagoodsenseofsmell.Thatcomesinhandy,sincetheyareoftenactivewhenit'sdark.Mostwalkonthegroundorclimbtrees.BuionekindfromSouthAmerica⑩_____(be)agoodswimmer.Marsupialsareasdiverseastheplacestheylive.7.

Anin-personchamberconcertcelebratingtraditionalandmodemChineseclassicalmusicwasheldattheLincolnCenterlastSundaywithnearly1,000attendees.

Theconcerthad①_____(program)fromChinesefolksongs,classicliteratureandotherChinesecomponents.Inparticular,theconcert②_____(perform)byindependentpipaplayerandcomposerWuMan,aswellasartistsfromtheChamberMusicSocietyoftheLincolnCenter.

AlthoughCOVID-19hasstoppedpeople-to-peopleexchangesbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates③_____(temporary),ithasn'tbrokentheirconnectionsandtheirdesireforart.Anofficial

④_____chargesaid,"Musicbringspeopletogetherandpromotesunderstanding.Ihopethatwithjointeffortsourtwocountriesmayseekcommongroundwhile⑤_____(reserve)differencesandworktogethertoaddressvariouschallenges

⑥_____(face)bymankind."

Theconcertis

⑦_(dá)____secondlegofthisyear's"ImageChina",aculturalexchangeplanbytheChinaArtsandEntertainmentGroup,

⑧_____aimstointroducetraditionalandcontemporaryChineseperformingartstotheworld.Since2012,"ImageChina"⑨_____(present)aseriesofChinesemusicshows.ThecooperationbetweentheChamberMusicSocietyoftheLincolnCenterandChinaArtsandEntertainmentGrouphasalsocontributedtothe⑩_____(develop)ofmodernChinesemusic.8.

Everycivilizationhaditsownsetofuniquewaystoproduceitsdeliciousfood.When

①_____comestoChina,itsuniquemethodistouseancientherbsintheirdishes.Chinesecuisinesare②_____(taste),fullofflavor,andarenowwidespreadthroughouttheworldcluetotheir③_____(popular).IfyouwanttobringtheChinesetastetoyourhome,growingsomeherbsisthebestwaytogo.

MostherbsoriginatingfromAsiaaresimpleplantsthatareeasy④_____(plant).Youwon'tstrugglemuchtoplantagardenofthemonyourlawn.Mostofthemarenativelyfromawarmenvironment,⑤_____theygrowbestinwarmclimates.However,youcanalsoplantthemincontainersandthey'lladapt

⑥_____theirnewenvironment.Getapackageofseedsofyour⑦_(dá)____(desire)herbsandplanttheminsmallpots.You'dneedtogivethemmoisture(水分)andtemperature.Whentheplantsgrowoutofthesoil,transferthemtoyourgardenbed

⑧_____theycangrowwell.Makesureyourpots,aswellasyourgardenbed,⑨_____(light)bynaturalsunlight.Theseherbsgrowonmoisture,buttoomuchofitcouldbedangerousforthem.Ifyou⑩_____(fit)HVACequipment(供暖與空氣調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)備)inyourhousealready,researchwayshowtomaintaintheherbs'growthwhileusingairconditioning.

答案以及解析1.答案：①Covering②the③were④toincrease⑤isdesigned⑥and⑦populations⑧eventually⑨as⑩that

解析：①非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。該句謂語(yǔ)部分為willbe,故此處應(yīng)該用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ);cover與句子主語(yǔ)是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。②冠詞。這里單數(shù)名詞size前需要冠詞,構(gòu)成倍數(shù)表達(dá)法"倍數(shù)+thesizeof+名詞"表示"......的大小的幾倍大"。③時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。本空所在定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ),即關(guān)系代詞that,指代前面的asignificantnumberofareas,這個(gè)短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)該與復(fù)數(shù)名詞areas保持一致;空后的previouslyunprotected表明這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句敘述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事。因此填were。④非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處在句中作目的狀語(yǔ),表示"以便提高管理的有效性并降低不一致性"。⑤時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。GPNP作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;大熊貓國(guó)家公園與design之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處敘述的是現(xiàn)在的客觀情況,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填isdesigned。⑥連詞。通過(guò)句子結(jié)構(gòu)中的"protecting...,preserving...,protecting...,⑥_____leaving"可以看出,這里需要并列連詞來(lái)連接多個(gè)并列成分,因此填and。⑦名詞復(fù)數(shù)。population在這里表示"種群",是可數(shù)名詞,由空前的separate可知應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù)populations。⑧副詞。該空修飾動(dòng)詞achieve,應(yīng)填所給詞的副詞形式eventually。⑨介詞。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)serveas在此處表示"起作用,產(chǎn)生效果"。⑩定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞"thespecies"指物,并且其前有all修飾,故此處宜用關(guān)系代詞that。2.答案：①What②humans③undoubtedly④hotter⑤astonished⑥was⑦and⑧aching⑨mine⑩a

解析：①考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,本空引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,且在從句中做主語(yǔ),意為"......的事物"。本空位于句首,首字母應(yīng)大寫(xiě),故填What。②考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。本空做賓語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)we的同位語(yǔ),故應(yīng)該用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。③考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處做狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞help,故填undoubtedly。④考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知?dú)鉁卦降?溫泉就越熱。本空所在句使用了"the+比較級(jí)...,the+比較級(jí)..."結(jié)構(gòu)表示"越......,越......",故本空填hot的比較級(jí)hotter。⑤考查形容詞。本空在"leave+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu)中做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。astonished吃驚的,驚訝的;astonishing令人驚訝的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,這里指的是使我們驚訝,故填astonished。⑥考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)then,因此這里說(shuō)的是當(dāng)初人們把那些石頭放在固定的位置上(即做成石頭臺(tái)階)很難,本空填was。⑦考查連詞。本空連接兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(highlights和offers),表示順接關(guān)系,因此這里填并列連詞and。⑧考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本空在句中做定語(yǔ),ache與中心詞legs是邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞aching。⑨考查代詞。與前面的"itwillalwaysstickinthevisitor'smemory"呼應(yīng),這里表示"Itsuresticksinmymemory",因此本空填名詞性物主代詞mine。⑩考查冠詞。此處must表示"必須做的事",為可數(shù)名詞,通常用單數(shù)。amust表示"一件必須做的事"。3.答案：①wealthy②or③formed④which/that⑤arecalled⑥is⑦themselves⑧walking⑨accuracy⑩for

解析：①考查形容詞。空格處修飾名詞people,需用形容詞做定語(yǔ)。②考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,前后陳述的是兩種可能性,需用連詞or。③考查時(shí)態(tài)?？崭裉幨侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)"in1759"可知,需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。④考查定語(yǔ)從句?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是theBritishMuseum,關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語(yǔ),需用關(guān)系代詞which/that。⑤考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句中描述的是客觀事實(shí),需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)call構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),且主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)概念,故填arecalled。⑥考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句中描述的是客觀事實(shí),需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語(yǔ)onlyasmallpartofamuseum'scollection是單數(shù)概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。⑦考查反身代詞。空格處指代visitors,表示"他們自己",需用反身代詞。故填themselves。⑧考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?？崭裉幣cliving是并列成分,共同做imagine的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),imaginesb.doingsth,意為"想象某人做某事"。⑨考查名詞?？崭裉幾鲋髡Z(yǔ),位于形容詞Historical之后,需用名詞,意為"歷史的準(zhǔn)確性"。⑩考查介詞。competefor為固定短語(yǔ),意為"為了......競(jìng)爭(zhēng)"。4.答案：remarkable;working;thought;attractions;an;isconsidered;completely;who;tocarry;in解析：①考查形容詞。空處修飾名詞短語(yǔ)TempleofHeaven,所以應(yīng)用形容詞形式。故填remarkable。②考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。spend…doingsth是固定結(jié)構(gòu),意為“在做某事上花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢(qián)等)”。故填working。③考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析上文可知,他的“天壇是中國(guó)首都北京的重要地標(biāo)和旅游景點(diǎn)之一”這種想法是他在復(fù)制天壇時(shí)的想法,所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填thought。④考查名詞。oneof后是and連接的兩個(gè)并列的名詞短語(yǔ),所以這里應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填attractions。⑤考查冠詞。coveranareaof.….是固定短語(yǔ),意為“占地面積……”。故填an。⑥考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處與covers并列作句子的謂語(yǔ);主語(yǔ)Theover600-year-oldmonument表示單數(shù)概念;主語(yǔ)與consider之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填isconsidered。⑦考查副詞?？仗幮揎椥稳菰~wooden,所以應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填completely。⑧考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,且在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。先行詞為Hassan,指人,所以填who。⑨考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。“Itwasone'sfirsttimetodosth.”為固定句型,意為“那是某人第一次做某事”。文中it作形式主語(yǔ),不定式短語(yǔ)作真正的主語(yǔ)。故填tocarry。⑩考查介詞。inparticular是固定短語(yǔ),意為“特別,尤其”。5.答案：appreciation;wasfounded;tocelebrate;haddried;officially;on;where;living;wonderful;the解析：①考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處作動(dòng)詞show的賓語(yǔ),需用appreciate的名詞形式appreciation。appreciation表“感激”時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞,故填appreciation。②考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,found與InternationalFriendshipDay是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)In1919可知,這是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情,所以句子要用一般過(guò)去時(shí),且主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),故填wasfounded。③考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ),故填tocelebrate。④考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)空前的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)By1940及空后句中的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)diedout可知,空處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí),故填haddried。⑤考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處修飾動(dòng)詞recognized,應(yīng)用副詞形式,故填officially。⑥考查介詞。句意:2011年4月,聯(lián)合國(guó)正式承認(rèn)7月30日為“國(guó)際友誼日”,盡管大多數(shù)國(guó)家仍然在8月的第一個(gè)星期天慶祝它!在“具體的一天”前需要用介詞on。⑦考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),先行詞為places,需用關(guān)系副詞where來(lái)引導(dǎo)該從句,故填where。⑧考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本句含有“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),people與live之間是主謂關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ),故填living。⑨考查形容詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處修飾名詞time,作定語(yǔ),需用形容詞,故填wonderful。⑩考查冠詞。theriseof…是固定搭配,意為“……的興起”,故填the。6.答案：those;the;mother's;throwing;simply;which;largest;length;tohave;is解析：①考查代詞。分析句子可知,此處是將有袋類(lèi)動(dòng)物的幼崽與其他動(dòng)物的幼崽做比較,故此處應(yīng)該用代詞those指代名詞babies,表示“那些”,故填定冠詞those。②考查冠詞。由介詞短語(yǔ)ofacandy可知,此處表示特指,故填the。③考查名詞所有格。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和空前的定冠詞以及空后的名詞tail可知,此處應(yīng)該用單數(shù)名詞的所有格,修飾名詞tail,故填mother's。④考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。preventsbfromdoingsth為固定結(jié)構(gòu),意為“防止某人做某事”。介詞后應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ),故填throwing。⑤考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞have應(yīng)該用副詞,故填simply。⑥考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知,逗號(hào)后面是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,由空前的of可知,空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞,且先行詞300speciesofmarsupials指物,故填which。⑦考查形容詞最高級(jí)。根據(jù)下文中的Thesmallest可知,此處應(yīng)該用形容詞的最高級(jí),與后面句子形成對(duì)比,故填largest。⑧考查名