新概念英語二冊超詳講義筆記Lesson88Trappedinamine困在礦井里

Lesson88Trappedinamine困在礦井里【Newwordsandexpressions】（12）trap v.陷入，使陷于困境surface n.地面，表面explosive n.炸藥vibration n.震動collapse v.坍塌drill v.鉆孔capsule n.容器layer n.層beneath prep.在......之下lower v.放下，降低progress v.進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行smoothly adv.順利地★trap v.陷入，使陷于困境v.陷入，使陷入困境eg.Hewastrappedinthegamepreserve.他被困在了禁獵區(qū)。v.將（某人）誘入圈套，誘騙（某人）trapsb.intodoingsth.誘騙某人做某事eg.Theytrappedherintomarryinghim.他們誘騙他嫁給了他。n.(捕鳥，獸等用的）圈套，陷阱eg.abearcaughtinatrap困在陷阱中的一只熊setatrapformouse放老鼠夾子=setamousetrapn.詭計(jì)，圈套，策略eg.Hefellintoatrap.他陷入了圈套?！飐urface n.地面，表面n.地面，表面eg.asmoothsurface光滑的表面n.外表，外觀eg.lookonlyatthesurfaceofthings看事物只看外表onthesurface表面上的，外觀上的friendshiponthesurface表面上的友誼eg.Youlookedsatisfiedonthesurfacethen.那個時候你表面上看起來很滿足。adj.外表的eg.surfacedifferences表面上的差異surfacekindness表面上的好心短語：eg.surfacemail陸(水)路郵件，普通郵件（相反的airmail航空郵件)sendaletterbysurfacemail通過陸路或水路郵寄一封信★explosive n.炸藥n.爆炸物，炸藥eg.highexplosive強(qiáng)力炸藥adj.爆發(fā)的，爆發(fā)性的eg.anexplosivesubstance爆炸物explosionn.爆發(fā)，破裂，爆炸聲eg.agasexplosion瓦斯爆炸爆發(fā)eg.anexplosionoflaughter爆發(fā)出笑聲explodev.(炸藥，煤氣等)爆炸事件eg.Theheatexplodedthecorkedbottle.熱氣使塞住的瓶子爆炸了。(因生氣，笑等)使(感情)爆發(fā)，(感情)爆發(fā)eg.Heexplodedinanger.他大發(fā)脾氣。Hisjealousyexplodedwhenhismotherkissedanotherchild.看到媽媽親吻了另一個孩子，他的醋勁大發(fā)?！飗ibration n.震動，震顫eg.thevibrationofthetraffic車輛來往產(chǎn)生的震動vibratev.震動，搖動eg.Hisshouldersvibratedwithanger.他氣得雙肩直顫動。(2)v.受…而感動，（心）顫動，驚動eg.Myheartvibratedtothesoulfulpainting.那張充滿感情的畫感動了我的心靈。★collapsev.坍塌v.瓦解，崩潰，倒塌eg.Theroofcollapsedundertheweightofsnow.在雪的重壓下，屋頂?shù)顾?。Theheavyfloodcollapsedthebridge.洪水沖垮了橋。v.（計(jì)劃，事業(yè)等）跨掉，挫敗eg.Ourprojectcollapsedbecauseofshortageoffunds.我們的計(jì)劃因資金不足而遭挫敗。v.折疊，可折疊eg.Thistablecollapses,soIcanstoreiteasily.這個桌子可以折疊，所以很好存放。collapseatent把帳篷折疊起來★drill v.鉆孔v.鉆孔eg.drillaholeinthewall在墻上鉆孔drillatooth在牙上鉆孔v.訓(xùn)練（某人），反復(fù)練習(xí)，接受訓(xùn)練eg.drilltroops操練軍隊(duì)drillinEnglishpronuciation英語發(fā)音練習(xí)n.錐子，鉆孔機(jī)eg.anelectricdrill電動鉆孔機(jī)makeaholewithadrill用鉆孔機(jī)打洞n.訓(xùn)練，演練，演習(xí)eg.afiredrill消防演習(xí)drillinEnglishwords英文單詞的反復(fù)練習(xí)★capsule n.容器，膠囊eg.Heswallowedtwocapsulesatatime.他一下吃了兩粒膠囊。medicine:eg.pill藥丸powder藥粉tablet藥片capsule膠囊★layer n.層層，一層eg.alayerofclay一層黏土acakewithtwolayers雙層蛋糕置放者，砌…的人（通常構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞）eg.abricklayer泥瓦匠下蛋的雞eg.agoodlayer常下蛋的雞abadlayer不常下蛋的雞★beneath prep.在…之下在…之下（可用以表示接觸或未接觸時，稍為嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)谋磉_(dá)法，一般多用under)eg.Let’stakearestbeneaththetree.讓我們在樹下休息一會兒。Thegroundbeneathmyfeetwassoft.我腳下的土地很松軟。(地位，價值)較…差的，較…不值得的eg.Hisworkisbeneathcontempt.他的行為令人不齒。Suchwordsarebeneathyou.說這種話有失你的身份。★lower v.放下，降低v.放低（高度，位置），變低，下降eg.Sheloweredhereyes.她垂下眼睛。loweraflag降旗lowerthesails降帆lowerthewaterinthecanal降低運(yùn)河中的水位v.降低（價格，數(shù)量，程度，聲音等）eg.lowertherentofahouse降低房租lowerone’svoice壓低聲音theLowerHouse(兩院制的）下議院theHouseofRepresentatives（美）眾議院theHouseofmons（英）下議院theUpperHouse上議院★progress v.進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行v.進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行eg.Wearenowprogressingsteadilywithourwork.我們現(xiàn)在工作進(jìn)展順利。v.進(jìn)步，上進(jìn)eg.Youhaveprogressedquicklyinmathematics.你數(shù)學(xué)方面進(jìn)步很快。n.前進(jìn)，進(jìn)行eg.makeswiftprogresstowardthedestination朝目的地迅速前進(jìn)makeslowprogresstowardthedestination朝目的地緩慢前進(jìn)n.進(jìn)步eg.theprogressofmedicine醫(yī)藥的進(jìn)步★smoothly adv.順利地，平滑地eg.gosmoothly進(jìn)展順利Theescalatordidn’toperatesmoothly.電動扶梯運(yùn)行不順利。smoothadj.平滑的，順利的（反義詞rough）eg.asmoothskin光滑的皮膚asmoothroad順暢的道路Hiseffortsmadethesmoothpassageofthebillpossible.他的努力使法案得以順利通過。adj.口齒伶俐的eg.asmoothtalker一個口齒伶俐的講話者adj.溫和的eg.Heissmoothinhismanners.他舉止彬彬有禮。v.使平滑（坦）eg.smoothoutatablecloth鋪平桌布Don’tforgettosmoothdowntheboardbeforeyoupaintit.在刷油之前別忘了把木板刨平?！綯ext】Sixmenhavebeentrappedinamineforseventeenhours.Iftheyarenotbroughttothesurfacesoontheymaylosetheirlives.However,rescueoperationsareprovingdifficult.Ifexplosivesareused,vibrationswillcausetheroofoftheminetocollapse.Rescueworkersarethereforedrillingaholeonthenorthsideofthemine.Theyintendtobringthemenupinaspecialcapsule.Iftherehadnotbeenahardlayerofrockbeneaththesoil,theywouldhavepletedthejobinafewhours.Asitis,theyhavebeendrillingforsixteenhoursandtheystillhavealongwaytogo.Meanwhile,amicrophone,whichwasloweredintotheminetwohoursago,hasenabledthementokeepintouchwiththeirclosestrelatives.Thoughtheyarerunningoutoffoodanddrink,themenarecheerfulandconfidentthattheywillgetoutsoon.Theyhavebeentoldthatrescueoperationsareprogressingsmoothly.Iftheyknewhowdifficultitwastodrillthroughthehardrock,theywouldloseheart.參考譯文6個人被困在礦井里已有17個小時了。如果不把他們盡快救到地面上來，他們就有可能喪生。然而，事實(shí)證明營救工作非常困難。如果用炸藥爆破，震動會引起礦頂塌落。因此，營救人員在礦井的北側(cè)鉆了一個洞。他們準(zhǔn)備用一種特制的容器把這6個人救上來。如果不是因?yàn)橥寥老旅嬗幸粚訄?jiān)硬的巖石，他們的營救工作僅用幾個小時就可以完成了。實(shí)際情況是，他們已連續(xù)鉆了16個小時了，但離鉆透還早著呢。與此同時，兩個小時以前放下井去的一只麥克風(fēng)使井下的人可以與其親屬保持聯(lián)系。雖然他們的食物和飲料都快消耗盡了，但這些人的心情很好，堅(jiān)信他們很快就會出去。他們一直被告知營救工作進(jìn)行得非常順利。如果他們知道了鉆透那堅(jiān)硬的巖石有多么困難，他們會喪失信心的?！菊n文講解】1、Sixmenhavebeentrappedinamineforseventeenhours.betrappedinamine被困在礦井里agoldmine金礦workinamine在礦上工作2、Iftheyarenotbroughttothesurfacesoontheymaylosetheirlives.本句是一個真實(shí)的條件句：主將從現(xiàn)bebroughttothesurface被帶到地面上來loseone’slife喪生3、However,rescueoperationsareprovingdifficult.rescueoperation營救工作rescuev.(從危險(xiǎn)等)救出rescue…from從…中救出eg.Theyrescuedaboyfromdrowning.他們從水中救出了男孩。Thefiremenrescuedababyfromtheburninghouse.消防員從著火的房子里救出一個嬰兒。n.救助eg.gotoone’srescue去營救某人provev.證明，顯示出prove+adj.eg.Itprovesdifficult.這顯得很困難。prove+tobeeg.Itprovestobedifficult.這顯得很困難。provethateg.Itprovesthatitisdifficult.這顯得很困難。Ifexplosivesareused,vibrationswillcausetheroofoftheminetocollapse.這是個真實(shí)條件句，對將來可能發(fā)生事情假設(shè)：主將從現(xiàn)。5、Rescueworkersarethereforedrillingaholeonthenorthsideofthemine.thereforeadv.因此，所以（可獨(dú)立使用，也可位于動詞前）soconj.因此，所以（不能放在動詞前）onthenorthsideofthemine.在礦井的北側(cè)onbothsidesofthestreet在街道的兩側(cè)ontheothersideofthesquare在廣場的另一側(cè)Theyintendtobringthemenupinaspecialcapsule.intendtodosth.打算做某事intendsb.todosth.打算叫某人做某事eg.Heintendstostudyabroadnextyear.他打算明年出國留學(xué)。Heintendshissontomanagethepany.他打算叫兒子經(jīng)營這家公司。bringup養(yǎng)育，培養(yǎng)，教育eg.Shehasbroughtupthreechildren.她養(yǎng)大了三個孩子。awellbroughtupchild有教養(yǎng)的孩子abadbroughtupchild沒教養(yǎng)的孩子提出話題eg.Hisnewsuggestionwasbroughtupatthemeeting.在會上他提出新的建議。Iftherehadnotbeenahardlayerofrockbeneaththesoil,theywouldhavepletedthejobinafewhours.本句話是個非真實(shí)條件句，當(dāng)對過去事實(shí)作相反假設(shè)時，主句：wouldhavedone,從句：haddone.8、Asitis,theyhavebeendrillingforsixteenhoursandtheystillhavealongwaytogo.asitis=infact=asamatteroffact事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上havebeendrilling（現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，表示過去至現(xiàn)在一直在鉆）alongwaytogo(本文中)離鉆透還早著呢threemonthstogo還有三個月9、Meanwhile,amicrophone,whichwasloweredintotheminetwohoursago,hasenabledthementokeepintouchwiththeirclosestrelatives.whichwasloweredintotheminetwohoursago中which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句enablevt.使……能夠enablesb.todosth.讓某人能夠做到某事eg.Thenewcontactenablesustodemandwhateverwewant.新的通訊方式能讓我們得到想要的任何東西?！厩熬Yen加在名詞或形容詞前可以使這個詞成為動詞，如endanger（危及，使遭受危險(xiǎn)），enlarge（擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展，擴(kuò)充），enslave（奴役，使成為奴隸），entrap（使……入陷阱/圈套，欺騙）】keepintouchwith與…保持聯(lián)系=stayintouchwith=getintouchwitheg.Hestillkeepsintouchwithhisoldfriends.他仍然和老朋友保持聯(lián)系。outoftouch失去聯(lián)系eg.Iamoutoftouchwitheconomicconditionsnow.我現(xiàn)在對經(jīng)濟(jì)情況已經(jīng)生疏了。aneartouch=aclosecall千鈞一發(fā)closestrelatives=immediaterelatives直系親屬10、Thoughtheyarerunningoutoffoodanddrink,themenarecheerfulandconfidentthattheywillgetoutsoon.Though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句runoutof=useup用完，用盡runafter=chase追趕runover撞倒runin（新汽車的發(fā)動機(jī)的）磨合運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；磨合試車runinto=runacross=meetwith=eacross偶遇=meetbychance=meetbyaccident11、Theyhavebeentoldthatrescueoperationsareprogressingsmoothly.rescueoperations營救工作progresssmoothly進(jìn)展順利12、Iftheyknewhowdifficultitwastodrillthroughthehardrock,theywouldloseheart.這個是非真實(shí)條件句，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，主句：woulddo，從句：一般過去式drillthrough鉆透loseheart失望=loseone’snerve【KeyStructures】if條件句（L：16，40，64）1.真實(shí)條件句：主將從現(xiàn)2.非真實(shí)條件句：(1)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)Σ豢赡艿那闆r假設(shè)主句：woulddo…從句：一般過去式與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)主句：wouldhavedone…從句：haddone…【SpecialDifficulties】與run有關(guān)的短語runoutof用完，耗盡Theyarerunningoutoffoodanddrink.Hehasrunoutofmoney.runafter追趕，追逐Seeingthathissisterwasannoyed,heranaft