中考英語時態(tài)一般時課件

(1)時態(tài)（tense）是一種動詞形式，不同的時態(tài)用以表示不同的時間與方式。它是表示行為、動作、狀態(tài)在各種時間條件下的動詞形式，在英語中有16種時態(tài)。(2)16種時態(tài)一.定義與種類一般進行完成完成進行現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在時（do/does）現(xiàn)在進行時（bedoing）現(xiàn)在完成時（have/hasdone）現(xiàn)在完成進行時have/hasbeendoing過去一般過去時did過去進行時beendoing過去完成時have/hasbeendone過去完成進行時hadbeendoing將來一般將來時willdo將來進行時willbedoing將來完成時willhavedone將來完成進行時willhavebeendoing過去將來一般過去將來時would/shoulddo過去將來進行時would/shouldbedoing過去將來完成時would/shouldhavedone過去將來完成進行時wouldhavebeendoing二.一般時一般現(xiàn)在時一般將來時一般過去時010302一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day，year，month…)，onceaweek，onSundays等連用。其結構為：主語+動詞原形+其他

(如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式)①Iusually

gotoschoolbysubway.②Shealways

getsupearlytowalkinthepark.③Thiskindofquestionoften

appearsintheexam.④IhaveameetingonSunday.1.名詞解釋(1)

表示經(jīng)常性動作或狀態(tài)時表示經(jīng)常性動作或狀態(tài)時，常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用，比如：often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday,fromtimetotime,twiceaweek,rarely,never等時間狀語連用。①

Theshopopensatnineeveryday.

②

Itseldom

snowshere.③

Sometimesrealityandfantasyarehardtodistinguish.2.一般現(xiàn)在時的具體用法(2)表示客觀存在或普遍真理①

Lighttravelsfasterthansound.②

Foodeasilygoesbadinhotweather.③

Shesaidthatheearthgoesaroundthe

sun.(3)描述主語的狀態(tài)、性質、特征、能力等，目的是為了“描述現(xiàn)階段的動作或者狀態(tài)。①Thepicture

looksverybeautiful.②Air

contains

oxygenandnitrogen.③Thedishsmellsgood.(4)在時間和條件狀語從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)，“主將從現(xiàn)”①

I'lltellheraboutitassoonasIseeher.②

Whendoesthetrainarrive?③

We'llgototheparkifitdoesn'traintomorrow(5)新聞報道類的內容以及電影、劇情介紹、新聞標題或者電視解說，舞臺動作說明。INSIDETHESHELTER:Stocktonslowlyturnstofacehiswife.Theangryscreamingcriesofthepeopleringintheirearsevenastheydepart.主要通過謂語動詞的變化和用時間詞語來表示，其中最主要的是謂語動詞的變化。一般現(xiàn)在時動詞變化的規(guī)則是：(1).如果主語是名詞復數(shù)和第一人稱I,we,謂語動詞用動詞原形表示：①

Weusuallygotoschoolat7：00.

②

Myparents

givetenyuantomysistereveryweek.③

Manystudents

cometothelibrarytoreadbookseveryday.3.表達方法(2).主語是任何一個單數(shù)名詞或者是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞要進行必要的變化。不可數(shù)名詞為主語時，謂語動詞也要用單數(shù)。①Thereis

ahouseunderthetree.②Hewantstogooutside.③Watercoversalargeproportionoftheearth'ssurface.④Afrog

hastwoeyesandfourlegs.3.

動

詞

變

單

數(shù)

規(guī)

律注意：(1)have的單數(shù)形式為has:Shehasanewcomputer.(2)情態(tài)助動詞，不論單復數(shù)、不論什么人稱都沒有變化，情態(tài)助動詞后面的謂語動詞用原形。Wecanseeapictureonthewall.Heshouldwritealettertoher.(1)請寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式動詞原形getwantpushgoidentifytalkwatchmissmixcatch動詞單數(shù)getswantsidentifiestalkswatchesmissesmixescatchesgoespushes(2)請翻譯以下句子①

我的書都在沙發(fā)上。②她每周都會和她的朋友們去逛街。Mybooksareonthesofa.Shegoesshoppingwithherfriendseveryweek.4.否定形式：當一般現(xiàn)在時的謂語動詞是be動詞，那be動詞的否定形式是：am/

is

/

are

+

not;

一般現(xiàn)在時的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don't，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時還原行為動詞。①Thishouseisbigenoughforus.②Thesenewshoesareverycomfortable.

③Iknow④He

likestotalkabouthiswork.否定句否定句否定句否定句Thishouseisn'tbigenoughforus.Thesenewshoesarenotverycomfortable.Idon’tkonw.Hedoesn'tliketotalkabouthiswork.3.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。①

Isthisyourbag?②

Aretheseflowersbeautiful？③Doyouwanttogoshoppingwithme?④DoesheunderstandwhatIsaid.(1)把下列句子改為否定句①Myfatherhasaneggforbreakfast.Myfatherdoesn’thaveaneggforbreakfast.②Hedoeshishomeworkafterschool.Hedoesn’tdohishomeworkafterschool③Theyhaveameetingeverymorning.Theydon’thaveameetingeverymorning.④Wedoourhomeworkathome.Wedon’tdoourhomeworkathome.(2)將下列句子改為一般疑問句①HehasameetingonSundays.②.Hegoestoschoolatseveninthemorning.③.MyfatherandmothergooutforlunchonSundays.④.Wedoourhomeworkafterschool.DoeshehaveameetingonSundays?Doeshegotoschoolatseveninthemorning?DoyourfatherandmothergooutforlunchonSundays?Doyoudoyourhomeworkafterschool?(3).用所給動詞的正確形式及助動詞填空1.

Weoften_____(play)intheplayground.2.

He____(get)upatsixo’clock.3.

___you

(brush)yourteetheverymorning?4.

What

heusually

(do)afterschool?5.

Danny

(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.6.She

(watch)TVwithhisparentseveryevening.

playgetsbrushDododoesstudieswatches一般過去時(simplepasttense)表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。在英語語法中，“時“指動作發(fā)生的時間，”態(tài)“指動作的樣子和狀態(tài)。句式：主語+動詞過去式+賓語+其它①Iwentto

thislibrary

yesterday.②ShewasanEnglishteacher.1.一般過去時的定義

一般過去時表示在過去的時間里發(fā)生的動作或者事物存在的狀態(tài),

常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句連用，如：yesterday,

lastweek,

inthepast,

in1993,

atthattime,

once,

duringthewar,

before,

when,...ago,thismorning,justnow等等.2.一般過去時的用法

①

IhadawordwithJulia

thismorning.②

Hesmokedmanycigarettes

yesterday.③

Shegaveupteaching

threeyearsago.(1)in+較長的時間段如年份,月份,季節(jié)等

in2022,inMay,inspringShewasborn

in2020.Wecanbuildsnowmen

inwinter.

注

意at,on,in后接表示時間的名詞時的用法區(qū)別(2)on+具體的某一天,如包括星期幾和幾月幾號。onSunday,

HewenttoShanghaionFriday.IamgoingtothelibraryonSunday.(3)iat+具體的時間點,如：幾點

Hewentoutat5:00

Thebuscomesat4:003.句式變化(1)Be動詞的一般過去時態(tài).在沒有實義動詞的句子中使用be動詞,am

/

is的過去式為was;are的過去式為were.

結構如下：②

否定句：主語+was(were)+not+表語Hewasnotinagoodmoodthatday.Theideaswerenotnew.①

肯定句：主語+was(were)+表語Iwaslateyesterday.Theyweresurprisedtofindthathe'dalreadyleft.③一般疑問句：Was(Were)+主語+表語

Washeadoctor?④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was(were)+主語+表語

Whatweretheyusedfor?(2)實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài)肯定句要使用動詞的過去式，否定句和疑問句要使用助動詞do和does的過去式did.②否定句：主語+didn't+動詞原形+賓語Ididn'tget

muchsleeplastnight.①肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+賓語Iwatchedafilmlastnight.②一般疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形+賓語

Didyoufogettobuymeabook?③特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+賓語

Wheredidyougolastweek?肯定句Heworked.Shewenttothegallery.否定句Hedidn’twork.一般疑問句Didhework?疑問否定式Didhenotwork?Shedidn’tgotothegallery.Didshenotgotothegallery?Didshegotothegallery?一般過去時的句型練習規(guī)則動詞原形動詞過去式動詞過去分詞動詞原形詞尾加-edworkworkedworkedhelphelpedhelpedwantwantedwanted以不發(fā)音的-e結尾動詞，動詞詞尾加-dhopehopedhopedlikelikedlikedagreeagreedagreed以輔音字母+y結尾的動詞copycopiedcopiedcarrycarriedcarriedcrycriedcried以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加-edstopstoppedstoppedplanplannedplannedreferreferredreferred4.動詞過去式和過去分詞的規(guī)則變化5.動詞過去式和過去分詞的不規(guī)則變化(1)AAA動詞原形過去式過去分詞意思burstburstburst爆發(fā)castcastcast投射costcostcost花費cutcutcut切掉forecastforecastforecast預測hithithit打hurthurthurt傷害letletlet讓putputput放動詞原形過去式過去分詞意思readreadread讀shutshutshut關閉slit

slitslit劃破splitsplitsplit分裂spreadspreadspread傳播thrustthrustthrust猛推shedshedshed去除broadcastbroadcastbroadcast廣播setsetset設置(2)ABB動詞原形過去式過去分詞意思bendbentbent彎曲bindboundbound綁定bleedbledbled流血breedbredbred繁殖buildbuiltbuilt建造buyboughtbought買catchcaughtcaught抓住clingclung

clung

抓緊creepcrept

crept

爬行dealdealtdealt處理digdugdug挖掘feedfedfed喂食動詞原形過去式過去分詞意思fightfoughtfought打架findfoundfound找到fleefledfled放走flingflungflung猛扔getgotgot/gotten得到grindgroundground磨碎hang

hung/hangedhung/hanged懸掛bringbroughtbrought帶來havehadhad有hearheardheard聽到hidehidhid/hidden藏holdheldheld拿動詞原形過去式過去分詞意思keepkeptkept保持kneelkneltknelt跪下laylaidlaid放leadledled引導leanleant/leanedleant/leaned學習leapleapt/leapedleapt/leaped跳躍leaveleftleft離開makemademade制作meanmeantmeant意思是paypaidpaid付saysaidsaid說sellsoldsold賣動詞原形過去式過去分詞意思rendrentrent租seeksoughtsought尋找sendsentsent發(fā)送shootshotshot射擊sitsatsat坐sleepsleptslept睡slideslidslid滑smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled聞spellspelt/spelledspelt/spelled拼spillspilt/spilledspilt/spilled溢出teachtaughttaught教standstoodstood站立(3)ABC動詞原形過去式過去分詞意思arisearosearisen出現(xiàn)awakeawoke/awakedawoken/awaked喚醒bearboreborn/borne容忍begin

beganbegun開始singsangsung唱wearworeworn穿著teartoretorn撕裂drinkdrankdrunk/drunken喝dodiddone做動詞原形過去式過去分詞意思forgetforgotforgotten/forgot忘記givegave

given給gowentgone去growgrewgrown長大stealstolestolen偷knowknewknown知道ringrangrung包圍riseroserisen上升動詞原形過去式過去分詞意思swimswamswum游泳swearsworesworn發(fā)誓sowsowedsown/sowed播種writewrotewritten寫throwthrewthrown投blowblewblown吹breakbrokebroken打破choosechosechosen選擇eatateeaten吃flyflewflown飛showshowedshown/showed展示speakspokespoken說動詞原形過去式過去分詞意思arisearosearisen出現(xiàn)awakeawoke/awakedawoken/awaked喚醒bearboreborn/borne容忍begin

beganbegun開始singsangsung唱wearworeworn穿著teartoretorn撕裂drinkdrankdrunk/drunken喝dodiddone做seesawseen看見shakeshookshaken搖動forbid

forbade/forbadforbidden/forbid禁止①我們上周去了公園，玩得很開心。③她三年前放棄了教學。⑤我小時候喜歡看漫畫書。Wewenttotheparkandhadagoodtimelastweek.Shegaveupteachingthreeyearsago.WhenIwasachild,Ienjoyedreadingcomicbooks.一般將來時(TheSimpleFutureTense

)表示將來某一時段的動作或狀態(tài)，或將來某一段時間內經(jīng)常的動作或狀態(tài)。意為“將要做......”1.一般將來時的定義

①

Hewillgetmarried.②

Shewillhaveadaughter.③

Thecatwillhaveamaster.④

Thedogwillhaveahouse2.一般將來時的用法一