5g微帶陣列天線

5g微帶陣列天線5G微帶陣列天線規(guī)定：運用介質(zhì)常數(shù)為2.2，厚度為1mm，損耗角為0.0009的介質(zhì)，設(shè)計一種工作在5G的4X4的天線陣列。評分原則：良：帶寬〈7%優(yōu)：帶寬〉7%且效率不小于60%1微帶輻射貼片尺寸估算設(shè)計微帶天線的第一步是選擇合適的介質(zhì)基板，假設(shè)介質(zhì)的介電常數(shù)為，對于工作頻率f的矩形微帶天線，可以用下式設(shè)計出高效率輻射貼片的寬度W，即為：式中，c是光速，輻射貼片的長度一般取為；這里是介質(zhì)內(nèi)的導(dǎo)波波長，即為：考慮到邊緣縮短效應(yīng)后，實際上的輻射單元長度L應(yīng)為：式中，是有效介電常數(shù)，是等效輻射縫隙長度。它們可以分別用下式計算，即為：2.單元的仿真由所給規(guī)定以及上述公式計算得輻射貼片的長度L=19.15mm,W=23.72mm。采用非輻射邊饋電方式，模型如圖1所示：圖1單元模型此種饋電方式，可以通過移動饋電的位置獲得阻抗匹配，設(shè)饋電點距離上寬邊的偏移量為dx,經(jīng)仿真得到當dx=4mm時，阻抗匹配最佳。此外，之前計算出的尺寸得到的諧振點略有偏移，通過仿真優(yōu)化后貼片尺寸變?yōu)長=19mm,W=23.72mm。仿真成果圖如圖2，圖3所示。圖2S11參數(shù)圖5S11參數(shù)由S11參數(shù)可以看到2×2陣列天線諧振點為5GHz，且此時的S11=-19dB，闡明反射損耗小，匹配良好。相對帶寬約為2.8%。圖6方向圖由方向圖可以看出2×2陣列天線的增益為13.96dB,第一副瓣電平為-10.6dB，可知組陣能使天線的增益變高。3.4×4陣列天線天線陣列如圖7所示：圖74×4陣列天線圖8S11參數(shù)圖9方向圖由S11參數(shù)圖可以看到諧振點在5GHz，反射損耗較小，帶寬約為2%。由方向圖可以看到增益約為19.96dB，第一副瓣電平為-11.79dB。參照文獻[1]ITUGlobalStandardforInternationalMobileTelecommunications[S].IMT-Advanced,Circularletter,ITU-RMarch.[2]N.Takehiro,N.Satoshi,B.AnassBenjebbour,etal.,TrendsinSmallCellEnhancementsinLTEAdvanced[J].IEEECommunicationsMagazine.Feb.,vo1.51,no.2,98-105.[3]O.Aliu,A.Imran,M.Imran,etal.,Asurveyofselforganizationinfuturecellularnetworks[J].IEEECommunications,,vo1.9,no.11,1-26[4]T.L.Marzetta,Noncooperativecellularwirelesswithunlimitednumbersofbasestationantennas[J].IEEETrans,WirelessCommunications,Nov.,vo1.9,no.ll,3590-3600,.[5]J.Zhang,C.K.Wen,S.Jin,etal.,Oncapacityoflarge-scaleMIlVIOmultipleaccesschannelswithdistributedsetsofcorrelatedantennas[J].AreasCommun,Feb.,01.31,no.2,133一148.[6]H.Huh,GCaire,H.C.Papadopoulos,etal.,AchievingMassiveMIMOspectralei}iciencywithanot-so-largenumberofantennas[J].IEEETrans.WirelessCommunications,Sept.,vol.ll,no.9,3226-3239.[7]J.HoydisandM.Debbah,Greencost-ei}ective,flexible,smallcellnetworks[C].IEEEComSocMMTCE-LetterSpecialIssueon"MultimediaoverFemtoCells",Sep.,vo1.5,no.5.1-3[8]X.Gao,F.Tufvesson,O.Edfors,etal.,Measuredpropagationcharacteristicsforvery-largeMIMOat2.6GHz[C].inProc.ofthe46thAnnualAsilomarConferenceonSignals,Systems,andComputers,PacificGrove,California,USA,Nov..[9]GCaire,M.Debbah,SpecialIssueonMassiveMIMO[J].JournalofCommunicationsandNetworks,August,Vol.15,No.4.[10]C.Shepard,H.Yu,N.Anand,etal.,Argos:PracticalMany-AntennaBaseStations[C].inProc.ACMInt.Conf.MobileComputingandNetworking(MobiCom),Aug..[11]馮巖，SG研發(fā)爭分奪秒[N}.國家無線電監(jiān)測中心中國電子報，,2月21日第004版[12]T.Truong,W.Robert,Jr.Heath,EffectsofChannelAginginMassiveMIMOSystems[J].Journalofcommunicationsandnetworks,Aug.,vo1.15,no.4,338-351.[13]Kudo,R.Armour,McGeehan,etal.ChannelStateInformationFeedbackMethodforMassiveMIMO-OFDM[J].Journalofcommunicationsandnetworks.Vo1.15,No.4,August[14]Jung,K.Minchae，L.Younsun，etal.OptimumNumberofUsersinZero-ForcingBasedMultiuserMIMOSystemswithLargeNumberofAntennas[J].Journalofcommunicationsandnetworks,August.Vo1.15,No.4[15]Hakkarainen,A.Werner,J.Dandekar,etal.Widely-LinearBeamformingandRFImpairmentSuppressioninMassiveAntennaArrays[J].JournalofCommunicationsandNetworks,Aug.,vol.15,no.4，383-397.[16]T.L.Marzetta,Noncooperativecellularwirelesswithunlimitednumbersofbasestationantennas[J].IEEETrans.SignalCommun.，Apr.,vo1.9,no.11,3590-3600.[17]GCaireandS.Shamai,Ontheachievablethroughputofamulti-antennagaussianbroadcastchannel[J].IEEETrans.Inf.Theory,,49(7),1691一1706.[18]B.M.Hochwald,C.B.Peel,andA.L.Swindlehurst.Avector-perturbationtechniquefornear-capacitymultiantennamultiusercommunication一PartII:Perturbation[J],IEEETrans.Commun.,,53(3),537-544.[19]C.Windpassinger,R.F.H.Fischer,T.Vencel,eta1.Precodinginmulti-antennaandmulti-usercommunications[J].IEEETrans.WirelessCommun.,,3(7),1305一1316.[20]F.Rusek.ScalingupMIMO:opportunitiesandchallengeswithverylargearrays[J].IEEESignalProces.Mag.，Jan.,vol.30,no.1,40-46.[21]Y.SunAfamilyoflikelihoodascentsearchmultiuserdetectors:anupperboundofbiterrorrateandalowerboundofasymptomaticmultiuserefficiency[J].SelectedAreasincommunications,IEEEJournalon,,57(6):1743一1752.[22]S.K.Mohammed.Low-complexitydetectionandprecodinginhighspectralefficiencylarge-MIMOsystems[D].Submittedforthedegreeofdoctorofphilosophyinthefacultyofengineering,.[23]N.Srinidhi,S.Mohammed,andA.Chockalingam,Near-MLsignaldetectioninlarge-dimensionlinearvectorchannelsusingreactivetabusearch[J].IEEETrans.WirelessCommunications,,7}7):2671-2681.[24]P.Som,T.Datta,A.Chockalingam,etal.Improvedlarge-MIMOdetectionbasedondampedbeliefpropagation}C}.InformationTheoryWorkshop(ITW),,1-5.[25]J.Hoydis,S.Brink,M.Debbah,MassiveMIMOintheUL/DLofcellularnetworks:Howman3antennasdoweneed?}J}.SelectedAreasinCommunications,IEEEJournalon31.2:160-171.[26]A.Paulraj,NabarR.,andGoreD.IntroductiontoSpace-TimeWirelessCommunications[N].UK:CambridgeUniversityPress,.[27]J.Jose,A.Ashikhmin,MarzettaTL,etal.Pilotcontaminationandprecodinginmulti-cellTDDsystems[J].WirelessCommunications,IEEETransactionson,,10(8):2640-2651.[28]D.J.LoveandR.W.Heath.LimitedfeedbackunitaryPrecodingforspatialmultiplexingsystems[J].IEEETransactionsonInformationTheory,51(8):2967-2976.[29]D.J.Love,R.W.Heath,T.St