新高考英語(yǔ)讀后續(xù)寫能力提升四讀精精析語(yǔ)言

讀后續(xù)寫四：讀精(精析語(yǔ)言)eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)外刊輸入——悟語(yǔ)言之道MotherNatureAlwaysHasaSurpriseforUsUpHerSleeveWhenMotherNaturedecidestounleash(發(fā)泄)heranger,there'sverylittlewecandoexceptdealwithit.Inthepastyear,aseriesofnaturaldisastershasshockedtheimaginationandremindedusofourhumanlimitations.Therehavebeenfloods,droughtsandbigearthquakes.They'veshakenoursensesasthey'veaffectedbigcitiesandsmallvillages.AndnowavolcanoonIcelanderupts.Afterbeinginactiveforalmost200years,ithasbeenemitting(噴發(fā))ballsoffire,iceandagiantcloudofashthathasparalyzedmuchofEuropeanairtravel.Itseemsasiftheskywascoveredbyablackcurtain!What'sworse,theairfeelsdifficulttobreathe.Theauthoritiescalledonpeopletoavoidactivitiesintheopenair.Withallofourattemptstotame(馴服)orpredictnature,weoftenfindourselvescaughtoffguardwhen“actsofGod”challengeourunderstanding.Weputourtrustinourdamsandlevees(堤岸),earlywarningsystemsandmodern-dayweatherradarandthemanpowerwesummon(召集)whenuncontrollableforcesstrikeuswithanintensefierceness.Mostoftenwecanonlyrespondtodisasterratherthanpreventtheemergency.Wesufferthedestruction,deathandshortageofessentialsupplies.Wehavenochoicebuttotryourbesttorescueasmanyaspossible,burythedead,rebuildfromtheruinsandmoveon.NaturewillalwaysremindusthataslongasweareonthisEarthwewillhavetodealwiththisplanet'scharacteristics(特性)—itswindsandwaves,itsfiresandrain,anditsquakesanderuptions.Wemustacceptitsnaturalorderanddisordersothatwecansurvive.Whenwestarttogetalittlefullofourselvesorattachtoomuchimportancetooursmallaccomplishments,rememberthatalittlevolcano(whosenamemostofuscan'tevenpronounce)sittingonalittleislandintheNorthAtlanticforcesustositstillintotalwondermentorevensweepawaywhatweownnow.1.重點(diǎn)詞匯再現(xiàn)(1)disastern. 災(zāi)害(2)shockvt. (使)震驚(3)floodn. 洪水(4)droughtn. 旱災(zāi)(5)affectvt. 侵襲(6)volcanon. 火山(7)eruptvi. (火山)爆發(fā)(8)breathevi. 呼吸(9)intheopenair 在戶外(10)strikev. 侵襲(11)emergencyn. 緊急情況(12)deathn. 死亡(13)supplyn. 補(bǔ)給品(14)rescuev. 營(yíng)救(15)buryvt. 埋葬(16)ruinn. 廢墟(17)survivevi. 存活；生存(18)sweepaway 消滅2．經(jīng)典句型再現(xiàn)：asif引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句Itseemsasiftheskywascoveredbyablackcurtain!天空看起來(lái)好像被黑色的窗簾遮住了！eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)迷你語(yǔ)料庫(kù)(MiniCorpus)序號(hào)佳句呈現(xiàn)賞析1StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.描寫災(zāi)難前的場(chǎng)景。特別注意inthecountryside中使用定冠詞the。2Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.描寫災(zāi)難發(fā)生前的動(dòng)物異常情況。其中運(yùn)用“too...to...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“太……以至于(不能)……”3Atabout3：00a．m.,on28July1976,brightlightswereseenintheskyoutsidethecityofTangshanandloudnoiseswereheard.描寫災(zāi)難前發(fā)生的異常情況：出現(xiàn)亮光和不明原因的噪聲。句中使用了并列的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。4At3：42a．m.,everythingbegantoshake.概括性描述災(zāi)難的開始。5Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！概括性描述災(zāi)難的嚴(yán)重后果。句中asif引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。6Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit！描述災(zāi)難的嚴(yán)重性。7Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roads,andwaterways.描述地震時(shí)地面裂開的場(chǎng)景。8Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.描述地震中山被震碎的場(chǎng)景，表示地震的嚴(yán)重程度。句子運(yùn)用了比喻這一修辭手法。9Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.概括性描述災(zāi)難的嚴(yán)重性。10Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.描述災(zāi)難造成的人員傷亡。第二句是“l(fā)eave＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)形式。11Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.從幸存者的角度描述災(zāi)難的嚴(yán)重后果。續(xù)表序號(hào)佳句呈現(xiàn)賞析12Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.描述災(zāi)難之后，房屋倒塌，紅磚落地如紅色秋葉，滿目瘡痍。句子運(yùn)用了比喻這一修辭手法。13Peoplewereinshock.描述災(zāi)難之后，人們的心理狀況。14Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.描述災(zāi)難之后斷水、斷電、斷糧的場(chǎng)景。15Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.描述災(zāi)難之后人們惶恐不安的心情。16Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150，000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.描述災(zāi)難之后，軍隊(duì)士兵積極救助的場(chǎng)景。17Morethan10，000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.描述災(zāi)難之后，醫(yī)護(hù)人員積極救助的場(chǎng)景。18Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.描述災(zāi)難之后，工人們積極幫助幸存者、提供庇護(hù)所的場(chǎng)景。19Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.描述積極救助之后，城市逐漸恢復(fù)的場(chǎng)景。20Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.概括性描述積極救助之后，城市恢復(fù)的場(chǎng)景。句子運(yùn)用了“擬人”這一修辭手法。21Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.概括性描述積極救助之后，城市恢復(fù)的場(chǎng)景。句子運(yùn)用了“擬人”這一修辭手法。22Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity'speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.描述在大家的共同努力下，災(zāi)后重建取得成功的場(chǎng)景。23Intimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.是文章升華處的描寫。表明大家只有靠團(tuán)結(jié)和智慧，才能夠成功地進(jìn)行災(zāi)后重建。24Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.細(xì)節(jié)描述地震的嚴(yán)重程度。25Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.運(yùn)用了“bedoing...when”句型，表示災(zāi)難發(fā)生的突然。26Wehadtoleaveeverythingandruntosafety.描寫災(zāi)難發(fā)生的突然性。27Foreignaidisbeingorganisedforthetsunami-hitcountries.描述災(zāi)后國(guó)際合作救援的場(chǎng)景。28However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.描寫災(zāi)后救援會(huì)遇到的困難。運(yùn)用了“make＋it＋賓補(bǔ)＋todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)讀后續(xù)寫入門篇：讀精——精析語(yǔ)言(Analyzethelanguage)做讀后續(xù)寫時(shí)，為了保持所寫的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言與原文的連貫性和一致性，需要通過(guò)回讀原文，利用“拉平效應(yīng)”，創(chuàng)造性地模仿和使用語(yǔ)言，從而提高寫作的效率和流暢度。分析語(yǔ)篇，可以從五個(gè)方面理解原文的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用技巧：1．場(chǎng)景描寫(Surroundings)場(chǎng)景描寫包括人、物、事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、自然環(huán)境及社會(huì)場(chǎng)景等。場(chǎng)景描寫可以充當(dāng)背景信息，提供人、物、事發(fā)生的具體情景設(shè)定。其次，場(chǎng)景描寫可以表達(dá)角色的感情、情緒，可以隨著情節(jié)的發(fā)展有所變化，甚至可以提示、推動(dòng)情節(jié)的發(fā)展，增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇的代入感。2．動(dòng)作描寫(Action)動(dòng)作描寫指的是描寫人物在具體情況下的行為舉止，是情節(jié)發(fā)展的具體體現(xiàn)。恰到好處的動(dòng)作描寫不僅可以塑造生動(dòng)形象的人物，還可以反應(yīng)人物的情感態(tài)度及心理變化，并最終反映人物的性格特點(diǎn)及思想品質(zhì)。3．心理描寫(Feelings)心理描寫指的是描寫人物在具體情況下的看法、感受、情感及心理活動(dòng)，并由此反映人物的性格特點(diǎn)及思想品質(zhì)。心理描寫除了對(duì)心理的直接描寫，還可以結(jié)合動(dòng)作描寫及場(chǎng)景描寫，共同構(gòu)建連貫緊湊的語(yǔ)篇。4．有效對(duì)話(Effectivedialogue)有效對(duì)話是記敘文中塑造人物的一個(gè)重要手段。對(duì)話的有效性首先表現(xiàn)在符合人物設(shè)定。這樣的對(duì)話不僅能夠有效地推動(dòng)情節(jié)的發(fā)展，而且能夠增加敘述的生動(dòng)性。此外，對(duì)話語(yǔ)言也要符合記敘文的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)——生活化、簡(jiǎn)化及去書面化。5．修辭(Figureofspeech)修辭是增加語(yǔ)言生動(dòng)性的最佳手段?？梢砸鸸缠Q，使抽象的情境具體化。常見的修辭手法：比喻、擬人、夸張、排比?！镜漕}精析】閱讀下面的材料，完成以下任務(wù)。Whentherewasnewsthatastormwascoming,Sarahdidn'tthinkmuchaboutit.Shesimplyshruggeditofflikeanyothernormalday.Whenshewenttothegrocerystoreandsawthatitwasfull,shestilldidn'tworry.Peopleinsideranlikemadbetweenaisles(過(guò)道),grabbingwhattheycould.Morepeoplewerecrowdingin,pushingeachother.Evenmorewerewaitingoutside,tryingtomaketheirwayintothestore.BareshelvesandlonglinesmadeSarahchuckle(咯咯笑).Theymustbeoverreacting,shethought.Onherwayhome,shelookedoverhead.Darkcloudswereindeedforming.Andtheyseemedtoberunningquicklyacrossthesky.Still,Sarahwasnotbothered.Therainwouldbenicesinceithadbeenwarmlately.Whenshegothome,Sarahmadepopcornandsatonthesofawithherdog,Cooper,andgotreadytowatchamovie.Justasshehitplayontheremote(遙控器),sheheardthethunder,asloudasabomb.Rainstartedtocomedownhard,makingitalmostimpossibletoseethetreesinherfrontyardthroughthewindow.Cooperimmediatelyjumpedfromthesofa,barkinginfearinthecorner.“It'sOK.”Sarahsaid.ShemovedtoonesideandsawCooperlookedabitnervous.Sarahturnedoffthemovieandinsteadskippedtothelocalnewsstation.Thestormwasmuchmoreseriousthanshehadthought.Peopleinanearbycityevensaidtheyspottedatornado.Thereporteradvisedpeopletostayinsideandsecureallofthedoorsandwindows.Sarahgotupandbeganmakingherwayaroundthehouse.Cooperfollowedclosebehindasshecheckedallofthewindowstomakesuretheywereallfullyclosed.Bythetimeshegotbacktohersofa,therainhadstopped.“Thatwasn'tsobad，”Sarahsaidaloud.“Justaniceshower.”SheturnedtoCooper,whohadgonebacktothecornerandstilllookedabitfrightened.Shelookedoutside.Itwasactuallyverycalm,butshecouldseethatthewindwaspickingup.Thebranchesofthetreesweredancingwildlyandthegarbagebinhadtippedover.1．場(chǎng)景描寫(Surroundings)請(qǐng)選出以下場(chǎng)景描寫的作用。A．介紹發(fā)生的時(shí)間B．介紹發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)C．介紹發(fā)生的自然環(huán)境D．介紹發(fā)生的社會(huì)場(chǎng)景E．推動(dòng)情節(jié)發(fā)展F．表達(dá)感情(1)Whentherewasnewsthatastormwascoming,Sarahdidn'tthinkmuchaboutit.A(2)Whenshewenttothegrocerystoreandsawthatitwasfull,shestilldidn'tworry.B(3)BareshelvesandlonglinesmadeSarahchuckle.D(4)Rainstartedtocomedownhard,makingitalmostimpossibletoseethetreesinherfrontyardthroughthewindow.C(5)Andtheyseemedtoberunningquicklyacrossthesky.Still,Sarahwasnotbothered.F(6)Thebranchesofthetreesweredancingwildlyandthegarbagebinhadtippedover.E2．動(dòng)作描寫(Action)(1)請(qǐng)選出以下動(dòng)作描寫的作用。A．反映人物的形象B．反映人物的情感態(tài)度C．反映人物的心理變化D．反映人物的性格特點(diǎn)及思想品質(zhì)①Shesimplyshruggeditofflikeanyothernormalday.B②Whenshegothome,Sarahmadepopcornandsatonthesofawithherdog,Cooper,andgotreadytowatchamovie.A③Sarahturnedoffthemovieandinsteadskippedtothelocalnewsstation.C④Sarahgotupandbeganmakingherwayaroundthehouse.Cooperfollowedclosebehindasshecheckedallofthewind