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2023年保德縣考研《英語一》深度預(yù)測試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ALeap(跳躍)toHonor.Leapingonanarrowbalancebeam(平衡木)isnoteasy.ButLolaWalter,a13-year-oldgymnast,isanexpertatit.Toperfectherskills,Lola1forfourhoursaday,fivedaysaweek.AtthestatechampionshipsinMarch,shefinishedseventhoutof16girls.That’sespeciallyimpressive,2sheislegallyblind,bornwitharareconditionthatcauseshereyestoshiftconstantly.Sheoftenseesdoubleandcan’t3howfarawaythingsare.Whenshewaslittle,hermom4thateventhoughshecouldn’tsee5,shewasfearless.Sohermomsignedherupforgymnasticswhenshewasthree.Shelovedthe6rightawayandgymnasticsbecameherfavorite.Thoughlearninggymnasticshasbeenmore7forherthanforsomeofhertournaments,shehasneverquit.Shedoesn’tlether8stopherfromdoinganythingthatshewantsto.Shelikesthedeterminationittakestodothesport.Herbiggest9isthebalancebeam.Becauseshehasdoublevision,sheoftenseestwobeams.Shemustusehersenseoftouchtohelpherduringherroutine.Sometimessheevencloseshereyes.“Youhaveto10yourmindthatit’lltakeyouwhereyouwanttogo,”saysLola.Tobeatop-levelgymnast,onemustbebrave.Thebeamisprobablythemost11foranyonebecauseit’sfourincheswide.Atthestatecompetition,Loladidn’tfall12thebeam.Infact,shegotan8.1outof10----herhighestscoreyet.Loladoesn’twanttobe13differentlyfromtheothergirlsonherteam.Atthecompetitions,thejudgesdon’tknowabouthervision14.Shedoesn’ttellthem,becauseshedoesn’tthinktheyneedtoknow.Hermomisamazedbyher15attitude.Lolaneverthinksabout16.Sheispresentlyatlevel7whilethehighestislevel10ingymnastics.Her17istoreachlevel9.Shesaysshewantstobeagymnasticscoachtopassdownwhatshe’slearnedtootherkids18shegrewup.Lolais19ofallherhardworkandsuccess.Shesaysit’shelpedherovercomeproblemsinherlifeoutsidegymnastics,too.Her20forothersis“justbelieveyourself”.1、A.workatB.workonC.workoutD.workoff2、A.sinceB.unlessC.a(chǎn)fterD.though3、A.tellB.guessC.a(chǎn)ssumeD.predict4、A.suspectedB.rememberedC.imaginedD.noticed5、A.deeplyB.wellC.a(chǎn)headD.closely6、A.taskB.sportC.eventD.show7、A.boringB.enjoyableC.difficultD.unsatisfactory8、A.talentB.qualityC.natureD.condition9、A.doubtB.a(chǎn)dvantageC.challengeD.program10、A.examineB.expressC.openD.trust11、A.fearfulB.harmfulC.unfairD.inconvenient12、A.toB.onC.offD.a(chǎn)gainst13、A.greetedB.treatedC.servedD.paid14、A.painsB.stressesC.injuriesD.problems15、A.positiveB.friendlyC.flexibleD.caution16、A.defendingB.quittingC.winningD.bargaining17、A.standardB.rangeC.viewD.goal18、A.untilB.a(chǎn)sC.whenD.before19、A.proudB.tiredC.a(chǎn)shamedD.confident20、A.planB.a(chǎn)dviceC.rewardD.responsibilitySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1ThemovieTheWizardofOzhasthousandsoffansaroundtheworld.Butbackin1939whenthefilmopened,audienceswerenotparticularlyfondofit.Itwasonlyamodestboxofficesuccess.ItwasnominatedforBestPictureatthatyear'sAcademyAwards,butsowerenineothergreatfilms.ItlostouttoGonewiththeWind.TheWizardofOzreallygainedanaudiencewhenitwasbroadcastregularlyonTV.Thatbeganinthe1950s.Thefilm'splotfollowsyoungDorothywhoisknockedunconsciousduringatornado.ShedreamsaboutfollowingaYellowBrickRoadthroughtheLandofOztotheEmeraldCity.ShewantstomeettheWizardofOzwholivesthere.He'stheonlyonewhocanhelphertoreturnhometoKansas.AlongthewayshemakesfriendswiththeScarecrow,theTinManandtheCowardlyLion.TheyhelpherandherdogTotoovercometheWickedWitchoftheWest!AccordingtotheLibraryofCongress,TheWizardofOzisthemostwatchedmovieofalltime.Whatisitaboutthefilmthatappealstopeople?Itincludesthemesthatpeoplecanrelateto.ThroughmostofthemovieDorothyistryingtogethometoKansas.Whenshefinallygetstogo,shespeaksthewords,"there'snoplacelikehome."Peopleidentifywiththatthought.Homeisthewelcomingplacewheretheyfeelsecure.Atthebeginningofthefilm,Dorothysingsofaplace"overtherainbow."There,thedreamsthatyoudaretodreamreallydocometrue.Sowhilehomeisagreatplace,dreamingaboutsomethingdifferentisallrighttoo.TheWizardofOzalsodealswithcourage.Dorothylearnsthattruecourageisn'tbeingunafraid.It'sfacingdangerwhenyouareafraid.Herfriendsfaceplentyofdangertorescueher.AsoneofthetrueclassicsofAmericanliterature,TheWizardofOzhasstirredtheimaginationofyoungandoldalikeforoverfourgenerations.Celebratethe80thyearofthisfabulousfilmbywatchingitagain.1、Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweknowaboutTheWizardofOz?A.ItwasforbiddentobebroadcastonTV.B.Itwaswell-receivedimmediatelyitopened.C.Itbegantoenjoyitspopularityinthe1950s.D.ItgotBestPictureatAcademyAwardsin1939.2、Whatthemeofthemovieattractspeople?A.Nopains,nogains. B.Knowledgeispower.C.Accidentswillhappen. D.Eastorwest,homeisbest.3、ThemovieTheWizardofOzisabout.A.homeandmodesty B.dreamandcourageC.creativityanddanger D.friendshipandviolence4、Whatdoestheauthoradvisetocelebratethismovie'sanniversary?A.Watchingitagain. B.Readingthebook. C.Satisfyingtheaudience. D.Daringtodream.Text2Manyofuslistentomusicwhilewework,thinkingthatitwillhelpustoconcentrateonthetaskathand.Andinfact,recentresearchhasfoundthatmusiccanhavebeneficialeffectsoncreativity.Whenitcomestootherareasofperformance,however,theimpactofbackgroundmusicismorecomplicated.Theideathatlisteningtomusicwhenworkingisbeneficialtooutputprobablyhasitsrootsintheso-called“Mozarteffect”.Putsimply,thisisthefindingthatspatialrotationperformance(空間旋轉(zhuǎn)能力)isincreasedimmediatelyafterlisteningtothemusicofMozart,comparedtonosoundatall.Howsoundaffectsperformancehasbeenthetopicofresearchforover40years,andisobservedthroughaphenomenoncalledtheirrelevantsoundeffect.Tostudyirrelevantsoundeffect,participantsintheresearchareaskedtocompleteasimpletaskwhichrequiresthemtorecallaseriesofnumbersorlettersintheexactorderinwhichtheysawthem.Thetrickythingisbeingabletodothiswhileignoringanybackgroundnoise.Twokeycharacteristicsoftheirrelevantsoundeffectarerequiredforitsobservation.First,thetaskmustrequirethepersontousetheirrehearsalabilities(復(fù)述能力),andsecond,thesoundmustcontainacousticalvariation(聲學(xué)變化).Wherethesounddoesnotvarymuchacoustically,theperformanceofthetaskismuchclosertothatobservedinquietconditions.Theirrelevantsoundeffectitselfcomesfromattemptingtoprocesstwosourcesoforderedinformationatthesametime—onefromthetaskandonefromthesound.Unfortunately,onlytheformerisrequiredtosuccessfullyperformtherecalltask,andtheeffortinensuringthatirrelevantorderinformationfromthesoundisnotprocessedactuallyhinders(阻礙)thisability.Asimilarconflictisalsoseenwhenreadingwhileinthepresenceoflyricalmusic.Inthissituation,thetwosourcesofwords—fromthetaskandthesound—areinconflict.Thecostispoorerperformanceofthetaskinthepresenceofmusicwithlyrics.Whatthisallmeansisthatwhetherhavingmusicplayinginthebackgroundhelpsorhindersperformancedependsonthetaskandonthetypeofmusic,andonlyunderstandingthisrelationshipwillhelppeoplemaximizetheirproductivitylevels.1、“Mozarteffect”ismentionedto________.A.explainhowmusiccanrelaxpeopleB.showmusiccanimproveperformanceC.a(chǎn)dvisepeopletolistentoMozartmusicD.stressMozartmusicgainswideattention2、Itcanbeinferredthatparticipantsintheresearch________.A.haveimprovedtheirrehearsalabilityB.performbetterinthequietconditionsC.ignorethebackgroundnoisesuccessfullyD.preferthemusicwithgreatsoundvariation3、Paragraph6iswrittento________.A.supportanidea B.makeacontrastC.introduceatopic D.describeafact4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.MusicshapesyourlifeB.MusicdevelopsyourcreativityC.ChoosequietmusicforyourworkD.Doesmusicmakeyouconcentrate?Text3TheRoboticIndustriesAssociation(RIA)announcedthatCatherineMorris,groupleaderanddirectorofautomotivesalesatATIIndustrialAutomationandDr.HowieChoset,roboticsprofessoratCarnegieMellonUniversityandco-founderoftheAdvancedRoboticsforManufacturing(ARM)Institute,havewonthe2019EngelbergerRoboticsAward.TheywerehonoredataspecialdinneronApril10duringtheAutomateShowandConferenceMorris,whobecomesjustthefourthwomantowintheawardishonoredinthecategoryofleadership.Shesaid,“Iamverysurprisedandextremelyhonoredtobethisyearswinneroftheaward.Besides,Icannothelpbutfeelgrateful.”JeffBurnstein,RIApresidentsays,“IcanthinkofveryfewpeopleinthehistoryoftheroboticsindustryascommittedtothegrowthofourindustryasCatherine.Infact,overthepasttwodecades,she’sfoundtimetoholdalmosteverykeypositioninourtradegroup,fromMembershipCommitteeChair,toAutomateShowCommitteeChair,tooverallChairofRIA,beingthefirstandonlywomantoholdthatroletodate.”Dr.ChosethasreceivedtheawardforEducation,becomingthethirdpersonfromCMUtowintheaward.Chosetisbestknownforbuildingsnake-likerobots.Heandhisresearchteamhavestudiedhowtheserobots,withtheiruniqueabilitytomovethroughdifficultenvironments,canbeusedforsearchandrescue,formappingandinspectingcaves,pipesandotherlimitedspaces,andformanufacturing,saidMartialHebert,directorofCMUSRoboticsInstitute.Dr.Chosetisaninnovativeeducator,Hebertadded,whoisdevotedhimselftoteachinghisstudents.HisFDA-approvedsurgicalsnakerobotshavebeenappliedinsurgeryintheU.S.andEuropesince2015.Besides,consideringhisrolesasaco-founderoftheARMInstituteandasafoundingeditorofthejournalScienceRobotics,youseethatDrChosetiswelldeservingofourindustry’shighesthonor1、Morrishasreceivedthe2019EngelbergerRoboticsAwardduetoherA.marketingconcepts B.excellentleadershipC.teachingskills D.uniquecreativity2、WhatcanwelearnfromJeffBurnsteinaboutMorris?A.Sheisthefirstwomentowintheroboticsaward.B.ShehasmademorepeoplecommittedtotheroboticsindustryC.ShehastheexperienceofholdingdifferentimportantpostsD.SheistheonlywomantoholdMembershipCommitteeChair3、Whyaresnake-likerobotsmentionedinParagraph3?A.TopraiseChoset'scooperationabilityB.ToshowChoset'soutstandingcontributionC.ToadvertiseaneffectiveproductforurbansearchD.Toprovetherapiddevelopmentofmoderntechnology4、WecanlearnthatDr.Choset'ssnakerobotshaveplayedaroleinA.helpingdoctorsoperateonpatientsB.replacingworkersinafactoryC.helpingstudentsdoexperimentsinalabD.warningworkersofsomethingdangerous5、Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.EngelbergerRoboticsAwardandthewinnersB.EngelbergerRoboticsAwardandtheirimportanceC.TheRIAannouncedEngelbergerRoboticsAwardD.ChosetandMorriswonEngelbergerRoboticsAwardText4Howmanytimeshaveyoucomebackandfeltterriblytired,feelinglikeyourheadisgoingtoexplode?Soundsfamiliar,right?Well,thereareseveralwaystoreducethefrequencyofheadaches,andthoseare:eatingbalanceddietthroughtheday,makingsureyourbodyiswellhydrated(保持身體水分);gettingsomeexercisetoremovethenegativeenergy,likehelpingyourselfwithashortmassage(按摩)onyourhead.However,preparinganeasyrecipewillinstantlyputasmileonyourfaceafteryourworkday.Youwillneedthesesimpleingredients(配料)topreparethemagicaldrinkwhichwillstopyourheadache:Lemonjuice;2teaspoonsofsalt(preferablyhighqualitysalt);1cupofwater.Directions:Squeeze2lemons.Pourthelemonjuiceintoacupandadd2teaspoonsofsalt.Mixthetwoingredients.Addacupofwatertothecontent.Drinkthemixturequikly.Howwillthisdrinkworkandwhatarethebenefitsofitsingredients?Salt:Hereiswhatsaltdoesforyourbody:--regulatesyourbloodsugar.--balancesthesugarlevels;--benefitsnervecellsforcommunicationandinformationprocessing;—obtainsacidityfromyourbody’scells,especiallybraincells;—worksasastronganti-stresselementforthebody;—addsenergyinyourbody'scells.LemonJuice:Thisexcellentjuice,fullofvitaminCandanti-poisons,willreleaseallpoisonoussubstancesfromyourbodyandgiveyouasenseoflightness.Here’showthelemonwillhelpyoueaseyourheadacheandmaintainwell-beingtoyourwholebody:—balancesthepHlevelsinyourbody;—protectsyourimmunesystem;—nourishesyourbrainandnervecells;—reducesinflammation(炎癥)inyourwholebody(theheadacheisatypeofinflammation,sothelemonjuicefightsagainstit).Water:Waterisimportantforhydratingyourwholebody,includingyourhead.Manyofyourdailyheadachesmaybecausedbydehydratation(脫水),sokeepinmindthatyoushoulddrinkplentyofwaterthroughouttheday.1、Howmanywaysarcmentionedinthetexttohelprelieveheadaches?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.2、Whatdolemonjuiceandsalthaveincommoninfightingagainstheadaches?A.Bothcanbenefitournervecellsalot.B.Bothcankeepoursugarlevelsbalanced.C.Bothhavenoeffectonourimmunesystem.D.BothbalancethepHlevelsinourbody.3、Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetextis.A.toexplaintousdifferentreasonsforheadacheproblemsB.togivereadersadviceonhowtoavoidheadacheproblemsC.towarnreadersofthebadinfluenceofheadacheproblemsD.toofferananti-headacherecipeandthebenefitsofitsingredientsPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Sophiaisanintelligenthuman-likerobot,andfamousforbeingthe1.(one)robottobeawardedcitizenshipofacountry,SaudiArabiA.But2.isunclearwhethershewillreceivethesamerightsashumancitizensItwasbornwithaperfectcombinationofscienceandartScientistssaidherface3.(design)beautifully,likeaprettyactress,AudreyHepburnTherobothastheability4.(show)morethansixty-twofacialexpressionsWhat’smore,shecanspeakEnglishandevenChinese5.(fluent)Sophiawilllearnmorecommunicationskills,6.willinfluencehowshedevelopsandshapeswhatshewillbelikeHersmart,humorousandconfident7.(perform)makesaudience8.(astonish)andevenalittlescaredAs9.result,somescientistshaveaprediction10.productionanddevelopmentofAIwerenotabletobecontrolled,thiscouldbeadeadlyrisktotheexistenceofhumanbeingsinthefuture語法填空Non-Hermitianwaveengineeringis1.recentandfast-movingfieldthatexaminesbothfundamentalandapplication-orientedphenomena.Onesuchphenomenoniscoherentperfectabsorption-aneffectcommonly2.(refer)toas‘a(chǎn)nti-lasing'becauseitcorrespondstothetime-reversedprocessofcoherentemissionofradiationatthelasingthreshold(whereallradiationlossesareexactlybalancedbytheopticalgain).Coherentperfectabsorbershavebeen3.(experimental)realizedinseveralsetups.withthenotableexceptionofaCPA4.a(chǎn)disorderedmedium.Sucha‘randomCPA'wouldbethetime-reverseofa‘randomlaser,in5.lightisresonantlyenhancedbymultiplescatteringinsideadisorder.Becauseofthe6.(complex)ofthisscatteringprocess,thelightfieldemittedbyarandomlaserisalsospatiallycomplexandnotfocusedlikearegularlaserbeam.RealizingarandomCPA(or‘randomanti-laser')istherefore7.(challenge)becauseitrequirestheequivalentoftime-reversingsuchalightfieldinall8.degreesoffreedomtocreatecoherentradiationthatisperfectlyabsorbedwhen9.(impinge)onadisorderedmedium.Hereweusemicrowavetechnology10.(build)arandomanti-laseranddemonstrateitsabilitytoabsorbsuitablyengineeredincomingradiationfieldswithnear-perfectefficiency.SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Doyouknowhowtodealwithfailureatschool?Fourstepswillhelpyougetthemostoutofeachfailureandmoreon.1、Whenyoufeelbadafterfailing,talkwithyourparentsorgoodfriends,oranyotheradult.Thendecidetotakethedutytoimproveyourself.Readtheteachers’commentsonyourtestcarefully.Askyourselfwhatyouweretryingtodoandwhyyoufailed.2、Maybeyoudidn’thavealltheinformationyouneeded;maybeyoumadeamistakeorapoordecision.Ifso,giveyourselfapatontheback.Fewerpeopleevergetsomethingrightthefirsttimetheytryit,andoftenittakesthemmanytimes.3、Sometimesthefailureisn’tbecauseofsomethingyoudidordidn’tdo;itissomeoneelse’sfault.Butdon’tspendtimeblamingthem;instead,moveontowardyourgoals.4、.Reviewthesituationtoseewhatyourchoicesare.Thereisadifferentbetweenmakingadecisionandgivingup.Decidingtofollowabetterwayisonething;simplywalkingawaymeansyoureallyhavefailed.Keeptryingagain.Successfulpeoplearedifferentbecausetheychoosetheirnextstepsinsteadofjustreactingtofeelings.Ifagoalstillimportanttoyou,figureoutwhattodoandgoafteritagain.5、.A.Nopains,nogains.B.Don’tgiveupeasilyC.FailureisunavoidableD.RemoveyourbadfeelingsE.Ifitisn’t,doyourbestonsomethingelseF.ActuallyitwasbecauseyouwereverylazyG.Usuallyitwasbecauseyouweretryingoutanewskillorlearninganewsubject.Itwasthe2015“superstorm”inNewSouthWalesthatrestoredmyfaithinpeople.Duringabreakintheweather,Istupidlydecidedtodriveintotowntobuysomegroceries.However,asIl
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