歷史學(xué)專業(yè)英語08-Political-Philosophy

HistoryofIdeasDrMarkJCrowleyE-Mail:MJC83@LIVE.CO.UK精選pptFoundationsUniversalityRootsinAristotle’sthoughtsScience,politics,ethics,aesthetics,rhetoric,poetry,historyAnythingthatcreates‘wonder’精選pptFoundationsAristotle,MetaphysicsProgressivedevelopmentThe‘canon’tomeasureimpactofthoughtSignificantorinsignificant‘permittedsagacity’(Nietzsche)or‘trulygreat’Intellectualhistorywouldgrowovertime精選pptCriticismsNotwelcomedbytraditionalhistoriansSomeconcernedabouttheimpactoftheoryGeoffreyElton‘thevirusoftheory’‘byitsverynature,likelytolosecontactwithreality’(Elton)精選pptDevelopmentArthurLovejoy(1930s)‘Unitideas’tracedthroughtimeFoundationofideasPsychologicalimpact1940–JournaloftheHistoryofIdeas精選pptChangesinsocietyReligionnotsoimportantby19thcenturyPeoplemoreinterestedinrationalityandscience‘welearnthatthereisadefinitemodeofprogressforthemindofman;[and]fromthehistoryoflatertimesweshallfindthatitiseverinthesamedirection’(JWDraper)精選pptAimsandpurpose‘Historiansofideaswanttomakeintelligiblethewaysomeoneelsehasseentheworldintelligible;theywanttounderstandhowsomeoneelsehasunderstoodthings’(MarkBevir)精選pptWhyuseintellectualhistory?Trytounderstandhowcontemporariesunderstoodthepast‘Culturalenvironment’Isphilosophy,literature,art,musicandhistorycreatedagainstthisbackground?The‘Zeitgeist’(spiritofthetime)精選pptKeyquestionsHowdoesculturalandintellectualchangehappen?ReplacementofintellectualframeworksHowdopeoplerespondtointellectualchange?精選pptTheresultsSelf-knowledgethroughexaminingalternativesLiberatedfromtunnelvision精選pptMethodsText-basedstudyReadingandinterpreting‘intrinsic’meaning‘toknowwhatawritermeantbyaparticularworkistoknowwhathisprimaryintentionswereinwritingit’(QuentinSkinner)精選pptMachiavelli,‘ThePrince’(1513)

“Fromthisarisesthequestionwhetheritisbettertobelovedratherthanfeared,orfearedratherthanloved.Itmightperhapsbeansweredthatweshouldwishtobeboth:butsinceloveandfearcanhardlyexisttogether,ifwemustchoosebetweenthem,itisfarsafertobefearedthanloved.”精選pptMachiavelli,‘ThePrince’(1513)“Aprincebeingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeastmustimitatethefoxandthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Onemustthereforebeafoxtorecognizetraps,andaliontofrightenwolves”.

精選pptUsefulnessandlimitations‘themostimportanthistoricalskillisthatofputtinginformationintocontext’(ConradRussell,1990)Wheredowestop?Whatdowemeanbycontext?Howdoweselectthecontext?精選pptUsefulnessandlimitationsLanguageconsiderationsMeaningchangesthroughtimeHowdoweknow‘thetone’?Howdoweunderstandconceptsthatnolongerexist?精選pptNecessityRichardHPopkin,HistoryofScepticism‘weneedalltheinsightwecangarnerfromthepast,sothatwemayyethaveafuture’InterdisciplinaryIntellectual,socialandpoliticalhistoryPeoplehavelostconfidenceininstitutions精選pptNecessityCannotbeconsideredwithouttheknowledgeofthemenandwomenwhocreated,discussed,wroteaboutandwereconcernedwithideas.LinkedtohistoryofphilosophyandideasStudyideasinthecontextofcultureIdeasdonotdevelopinisolation精選pptKeyfeaturesUnderstandingthepastthroughcontextualisationPolitical,cultural,social,intellectualChronologicalContemporaryPlaceideasfromthepastintomultiplecontexts精選pptThefutureNeverbeabletofind‘thetruth’Globalintellectualhistory?ConnectionswithothersocietiesHistoryofthebook精選pptWhatisthepointofit?InsightintoourownthoughtsandbeliefsLookatalternativesBringtogetherideasth