初中英語主謂一致考點(diǎn)全面解析

1語法一致語法一致是指主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)?？键c(diǎn)一：一般情況下，主語為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞、不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；主語為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。考點(diǎn)二：動詞不定式或動詞-ing形式作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。【考例鏈接】()1.Thetwins______fondofthenewideainthemagazinearticle.A.beB.amC.isD.are()2.Oneofmyfriends______movedtoAmerica.Imisshersomuch.A.hasB.haveC.are()3.Playingcomputergamestoomuch______badforstudents’health.A.amB.isC.are考點(diǎn)三：1.復(fù)合不定代詞anyone,anybody,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,noone,nobody,nothing作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2.neitherof.../noneof...作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。3.either指“兩者之中任何一個(gè)”，作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。eitherof...作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。4.each作同位語時(shí)，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于主語的數(shù)；eachof...作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式?？键c(diǎn)四：當(dāng)用both...and...連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)and連接的兩個(gè)名詞表示兩個(gè)不同的概念時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng)表示同一人、同一物或同一個(gè)概念，或表示不可分的整體時(shí)，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。考點(diǎn)五：當(dāng)主語后面跟有with,except,including,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,inadditionto等詞語引導(dǎo)的短語時(shí)，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定?！究祭溄印?)1.Weeach______WeChatnowadays,eventheoldpeople.A.playB.playsC.playing()2.—Whatwouldyoulike,coffeeortea?—Either______OK.Idon’tmind.A.isB.areC.was()3.Mysisterwithmyparents______dumplingswhenIgothomeyesterdayevening.A.aremakingB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.weremaking考點(diǎn)六：一些由兩部分構(gòu)成的表示物體的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如shoes,trousers,jeans,scissors,chopsticks等。但如果這些名詞前有量詞如pair等修飾時(shí)，謂語動詞的數(shù)與量詞保持一致?！究祭溄印?)Thepairoftrousers______me.I’lltakeit.A.fitB.fitsC.willfit考點(diǎn)七：1.“a(large/small)numberof+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/代詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/代詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”和“therest/mostof+名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞的數(shù)由名詞決定?！究祭溄印?)1.Inourcitythere______anumberofcarsandthenumberofthem______growinglargerandlarger.A.are;isB.have;isC.is;are()2.About______oftheland______coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.threefifths;isB.threefifths;areC.threefifth;are()3.Thenumberofthevolunteersinourcity______2,000.Andsixtypercentofthem______teachersandstudents.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;isD.are;are2意義一致意義一致是指謂語動詞和主語的一致不是取決于主語的語法形式，而是由其意義所決定?？键c(diǎn)一：當(dāng)數(shù)詞作主語或當(dāng)表示距離、金額、時(shí)間等名詞(短語)作主語時(shí)，通常作為整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。【考例鏈接】()1.Fiftyyuan______enough.A.isB.amC.are()2.—Mom,IwatchedTVforonlyfortyminutes.Sometimes______TVisgoodforus.—Fortyminutes______enough.Nowyoumustdoyourhomework.A.watch;isB.watching;wasC.watched;areD.watching;were考點(diǎn)二：有些集體名詞常指復(fù)數(shù)的人或物，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如police；有些集體名詞作主語時(shí)，如果作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如果指集體中的成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如family,class,team,group,crowd等；當(dāng)population意為“人口數(shù)量”時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；意為“全體居民”時(shí)，謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可?！究祭溄印?)1.ThepopulationofChina______over1.3billionandChinahasbiggerpopulationthan______intheworld.A.is;anycountryB.is;anyothercountryC.are;theothercountriesD.are;anyothercountries()2.Look!Thepolice______thefoodontothebankoftheriver.A.amcarryingB.iscarryingC.arecarryingD.arecarried考點(diǎn)三：以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞如news,physics,maths,politics等作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。【考例鏈接】()—Politics______myfavoritesubject.Whataboutyou?—Physics______.Ithinkit’sveryinteresting.A.is;isB.are;areC.are；is考點(diǎn)四：1.“the+形容詞”表示一類人作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類詞有thebrave,thepoor,therich,theblind,theyoung,theold,thesick,thedead等。2.“the+姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示某一家人或夫婦兩人，其作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！究祭溄印?)1.Theold______ourhelp,soweshouldcareforthem.A.refusesB.refuseC.needsD.need()2.TheGreens______aTVshownow.A.iswatchingB.arewatchingC.watchD.watches考點(diǎn)五：定語從句中謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)?！究祭溄印?)—Ireallywanttorelaxmyself.CouldweseeCityDangertonight?—Sure!Theactor______aherousedtobeaschoolteacher.Ilikehimverymuch.A.whoplayB.whichplaysC.whoplaysD.thatplay3就近一致就近一致是指謂語動詞的數(shù)要與其最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致?？键c(diǎn)一：以or,notonly...butalso...,either...or...,neither...nor...等連接的名詞(或代詞)作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞要和離它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致?！究祭溄印?)1.Notonlyyoubutalsoeveryonehere______watchingfootballmatches.A.likesB.likeC.islike()2.NeitherLiHuanorI______goodatwriting.A.amB.isC.are()3.—Whatwouldyouliketohaveforsupper?—Eithernoodlesorrice______OK.Idon’tmind.A.areB.wereC.isD.was考點(diǎn)二：在therebe句型中，如