gambit-建模學(xué)習(xí)筆記

1、為什么更改后不顯示邊的顏色更改邊的顏色命令允許用戶更改與一條或者多條邊相關(guān)的幾何結(jié)構(gòu)和/或者網(wǎng)格節(jié)點(diǎn)的顯示顏色。使用ModifyEdgeColor窗口要打開(kāi)Modify

EdgeColor窗口（如下圖），點(diǎn)擊Geometry/Edge子工具框中的ModifyColor命令按鈕即可。Modify

EdgeColor窗口包含如下詳細(xì)設(shè)定。Edges指定要更改顏色的一條或者多條邊。Color:--------------------------------------Geometry指定更改指定邊的顏色。Mesh指定更改與指定邊相關(guān)的網(wǎng)格結(jié)點(diǎn)顏色。體會(huì)：只能更改某點(diǎn)、邊、面、體（沒(méi)有組成更高級(jí)拓?fù)渲埃┑念伾缇€在沒(méi)有組成面之前是可以改變它的顏色的，而如果邊組成了面它就不再可以改變顏色了。不太懂2.3.2連接/分離邊Connect/DisconnectEdges命令按鈕允許用戶進(jìn)行以下操作。圖標(biāo)命令詳細(xì)說(shuō)明ConnectEdges合并重合的實(shí)邊或者生成代表一條或多條現(xiàn)有邊的連接的虛邊DisconnectAboutRealEdge分離具有公共實(shí)邊的面和體以下部分將詳細(xì)說(shuō)明執(zhí)行上面列舉操作的步驟和要求的設(shè)定。注意：Graphics/WindowsControl工具框中的SpecifyColorMode命令按鈕允許用戶顯示基于實(shí)體連接而不是拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的模型顏色。關(guān)于使用SpecifyColorMode命令按鈕的詳細(xì)說(shuō)明，請(qǐng)參閱GAMBITUser'sGuide中的部分。合并邊ConnectEdges命令允許用戶合并兩條或者多條邊。要合并邊，用戶必須指定如下參數(shù)：要合并的兩條或者多條邊合并后的類(lèi)型指定要合并的邊要合并的邊可以是實(shí)際的或者虛擬的，但是它們受到合并后類(lèi)型的限制（見(jiàn)下面）。指定合并后的類(lèi)型GAMBIT允許以下類(lèi)型的邊合并操作：RealVirtual(Forced)Virtual(Tolerance)RealandVirtual(Tolerance)如果用戶使用Virtual(Forced)，Virtual(Tolerance)或者RealandVirtual(Tolerance)操作合并一組邊，GAMBIT允許用戶通過(guò)Preservefirstedgeshape選項(xiàng)指定合并操作產(chǎn)生的邊的位置和形狀（見(jiàn)下面）。以下部分將詳細(xì)說(shuō)明每種合并類(lèi)型的基本特征。指定Real合并Real選項(xiàng)允許用戶合并重合的實(shí)邊——也就是說(shuō)，兩條或者多條邊具有相同的方向并且它們的端點(diǎn)在全局誤差值10-6范圍內(nèi)重合。當(dāng)用戶合并實(shí)邊并指定了Real選項(xiàng)時(shí)，GAMBIT刪除除了一條指定的邊之外的所有邊，并將保留的實(shí)邊與任何與刪除的邊相連的所有面相連。指定Virtual(Forced)合并Virtual(Forced)選項(xiàng)允許用戶合并實(shí)際的或者虛擬的邊，無(wú)論它們互相接近的程度。當(dāng)用戶合并邊并指定了Virtual(Forced)選項(xiàng)時(shí)，GAMBIT用一條虛邊替代指定的邊。如果一條指定的邊作為一個(gè)面的一部分，GAMBIT將用一個(gè)虛擬的面覆蓋該面并根據(jù)新的虛邊的位置定形該虛面。如果該面與一個(gè)體積相連，GAMBIT將用一個(gè)虛擬體積覆蓋該體積。指定Virtual(Tolerance)合并Virtual(Tolerance)選項(xiàng)允許用戶指定僅僅合并相互之間距離在指定的誤差范圍內(nèi)的實(shí)際的和/或者虛擬的邊。有兩種表達(dá)誤差值的方法：ToleranceShortestEdge%Tolerance設(shè)定提供了用絕對(duì)距離單位表達(dá)的誤差值。ShortestEdge%設(shè)定提供了以模型中最短邊長(zhǎng)度百分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)的誤差值。如果用戶指定了Virtual(Tolerance)選項(xiàng)，用戶也必須指定T-Junctions選項(xiàng)。T-Junctions選項(xiàng)允許在邊合并操作過(guò)程中生成T接頭（見(jiàn)下面的指定T-Junctions選項(xiàng)）。指定RealandVirtual(Tolerance)合并當(dāng)用戶指定了RealandVirtual(Tolerance)選項(xiàng)時(shí)，GAMBIT將按順序進(jìn)行以下兩項(xiàng)操作：對(duì)于在全局誤差值范圍內(nèi)的重合邊進(jìn)行Real合并操作對(duì)于沒(méi)有相連的相互距離在用戶指定誤差范圍內(nèi)的指定邊進(jìn)行Virtual(Tolerance)合并操作(包括T-Junctions操作)。指定T-Junctions選項(xiàng)當(dāng)用戶使用Virtual(Tolerance)或者RealandVirtual(Tolerance)選項(xiàng)時(shí)，GAMBIT允許用戶選擇T-Junctions選項(xiàng)。如果用戶指定了T-Junctions選項(xiàng)，GAMBIT將執(zhí)行虛擬T合并操作，它適于合并端點(diǎn)距離虛擬邊在指定的誤差范圍內(nèi)的邊。（關(guān)于虛擬T合并操作的詳細(xì)說(shuō)明，請(qǐng)參閱本向?qū)У母戒汚。）作為使用T-Junctions選項(xiàng)的一個(gè)實(shí)例，考慮如圖2－48(a)所示的邊和點(diǎn)——其中從到的距離小于等于和之間的距離。當(dāng)用戶合并和時(shí)指定T-Junctions選項(xiàng)的影響如下：如果用戶不指定T-Junctions選項(xiàng)，GAMBIT在處連接和并分別覆蓋和上的和（如圖2－48(b)所示）。如果用戶指定了T-Junctions選項(xiàng)，GAMBIT也將在處生成一個(gè)T連接，也就是說(shuō)，GAMBIT將用覆蓋，在v_edge.8處分割并生成（如圖2－48(c)）。圖2－48：合并邊圖2－48：合并邊——T-Junctions選項(xiàng)保留第一條邊的形狀如果用戶使用Virtual(Forced)，Virtual(Tolerance)或者RealandVirtual(Tolerance)操作來(lái)合并一組邊，用戶可以通過(guò)Preservefirstedgeshape選項(xiàng)決定生成邊的形狀。當(dāng)用戶選擇了選項(xiàng)時(shí)，合并操作產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果邊將保持Edges列表中第一條邊的形狀。如果用戶在合并邊時(shí)沒(méi)有選擇Preservefirstedgeshape選項(xiàng)，則合并操作所產(chǎn)生的邊的形狀和位置代表了所合并得邊的位置和形狀的平均。在T連接操作中保留分割邊形狀當(dāng)用戶進(jìn)行T連接操作時(shí)，GAMBIT允許用戶指定Preservesplit-edgeshape選項(xiàng)。當(dāng)用戶選擇了Preservesplit-edgeshape選項(xiàng)，GAMBIT將在T連接操作過(guò)程中保持被分割邊的形狀。作為Preservesplit-edgeshape選項(xiàng)影響的一個(gè)實(shí)例，考慮如圖2－49(a)所示的兩條邊（和）。如果用戶沒(méi)有指定Preservesplit-edgeshape選項(xiàng)，GAMBIT將生成如圖2－49(b)所示的邊。如果用戶指定了Preservesplit-edgeshape選項(xiàng)，GAMBIT在T連接操作過(guò)程中將保持的形狀并生成圖2－49(c)所示的邊。圖2－49：圖2－49：Preservesplit-edgeshape選項(xiàng)的影響注意：Preservesplit-edgeshape選項(xiàng)優(yōu)先于Preservefirstedgeshape選項(xiàng)。使用ConnectEdges窗口要打開(kāi)ConnectEdges窗口（如下圖），點(diǎn)擊Geometry/Edge子工具框中的Connect命令按鈕即可。窗口包含如下詳細(xì)設(shè)定。Edges指定要合并的邊。Real指定邊合并所生成的邊為實(shí)邊。（注意：要使合并兩條或者多條邊生成的邊為實(shí)邊，則指定的邊必須重合。）Virtual(Forced)為合并邊操作生成的邊指定以下特性指定：該邊是一個(gè)虛邊不考慮指定邊之間的距離都生成該邊Virtual(Tolerance)為合并邊操作產(chǎn)生的邊指定以下特性：該邊為虛邊僅僅在指定邊之間的距離小于指定的誤差時(shí)才合并指定邊RealandVirtual(Tolerance)指定以下操作順序：對(duì)可能的進(jìn)行Real合并操作對(duì)于其它的沒(méi)有連接的指定邊進(jìn)行Virtual(Tolerance)合并操作Tolerance指定要連接邊之間的最大允許距離（絕對(duì)單位）ShortestEdge%指定要連接邊之間的最大允許距離（最短邊的百分比）Highlightshortestedge凸現(xiàn)當(dāng)前模型中最短邊。Preservefirstedgeshape當(dāng)進(jìn)行合并操作時(shí)保持Edges列表中第一條邊的形狀。T-Junctions指定在可能的位置生成T連接。VerticesT-Junctions選項(xiàng)所限定的指定點(diǎn)（所有或者所選的）。Preservesplit-edgeshape在T-Junctions操作過(guò)程中保持要分割的邊的形狀。分離實(shí)邊命令允許用戶分離共用一條實(shí)邊的拓?fù)鋵?shí)體。當(dāng)用戶在公共實(shí)邊處分離面或者體積時(shí)，GAMBIT將為除了與指定邊相連的實(shí)體之外的所有實(shí)體生成新邊。例如，如果指定邊為三個(gè)面的公共邊，GAMBIT將生成與指定邊重合的兩條新邊并使它們與三個(gè)面之中的兩個(gè)相連。原始邊與另外一個(gè)面相連。指定EndpointVertex選項(xiàng)GAMBIT提供了以下關(guān)于分離的邊端點(diǎn)處理的選項(xiàng)：Edge+VerticesEdgeOnlyEdge+SelectVertex下表詳細(xì)介紹了與每個(gè)選項(xiàng)相關(guān)的效果。選項(xiàng)詳細(xì)說(shuō)明Edge+VerticesGAMBIT分離指定邊及其頂點(diǎn)。結(jié)果，GAMBIT生成為每條新邊生成兩個(gè)新的端點(diǎn)。EdgeOnlyGAMBIT分離該邊但是不包括端點(diǎn)。分離過(guò)程生成的每條新邊共用指定邊的端點(diǎn)。Edge+SelectVertexGAMBIT分離該邊合它的兩個(gè)端點(diǎn)之一（用戶指定）。另一個(gè)端點(diǎn)為所有新邊共用。作為上面描述的選項(xiàng)之間區(qū)別的一個(gè)實(shí)例，考慮如圖2－50所示的情況，其中兩個(gè)面通過(guò)一條公共邊()連接，它的端點(diǎn)（和）也被兩個(gè)面共用。圖2－50：兩個(gè)面共用一條公共邊圖2－50：兩個(gè)面共用一條公共邊如果用戶在處分離兩個(gè)面，GAMBIT將生成一條與重合的新邊并將其與兩個(gè)面之一相連——例如，。原始邊()保持與另一個(gè)面()相連。GAMBIT處理端點(diǎn)的方式根據(jù)選項(xiàng)類(lèi)型的變化如下。選項(xiàng)詳細(xì)選擇Edge+VerticesGAMBIT分離和并指定分離產(chǎn)生的點(diǎn)作為新邊的端點(diǎn)。EdgeOnlyGAMBIT不分離和。新邊和共用端點(diǎn)，也就是說(shuō)，和為兩邊共用。Edge+SelectVertexGAMBIT僅僅分離的一個(gè)端點(diǎn)。另一個(gè)端點(diǎn)（或者）作為指定邊和新邊的共同端點(diǎn)。使用DisconnectAboutRealEdge窗口要打開(kāi)DisconnectAboutRealEdge窗口（如下圖），點(diǎn)擊Geometry/Edge子工具框中的DisconnectAboutRealEdge命令按鈕即可。Disconnect

About

Real

Edge窗口包含如下詳細(xì)設(shè)定。Edge指定幾何結(jié)構(gòu)從哪一條邊分離。Method:--------------------------------------Edge+Vertices指定指定邊的端點(diǎn)將和該邊一起分離。EdgeOnly指定當(dāng)邊分離時(shí)指定邊的頂點(diǎn)保持連接。Edge+SelectVertex指定僅僅分離指定邊的兩個(gè)端點(diǎn)之一。Vertex指定于指定邊相連的將被分離的頂點(diǎn)。分割邊（realdisconnect）融合邊（Max.EdgeLengthMin.Angle）分割邊SplitEdge命令允許用戶將現(xiàn)有的一條邊分割為兩條實(shí)邊或者虛邊。SplitEdge命令包括以下輸入?yún)?shù)：要分割的邊分各類(lèi)型分割工具指定要分割的邊GAMBIT允許用戶分割實(shí)邊或者虛邊，但是對(duì)于分割產(chǎn)生的邊的類(lèi)型有以下限定：如果用戶分割一條實(shí)邊，用戶可以生成兩條實(shí)邊或者虛邊。如果用戶分割非實(shí)邊，用戶必須生成兩條虛邊。指定分割類(lèi)型這里有三種分割邊操作類(lèi)型：RealconnectedRealdisconnectedVirtualconnected當(dāng)用戶分割一條實(shí)邊時(shí)，用戶必須指定替代它的兩條邊是實(shí)邊還是虛邊。如果用戶用兩條實(shí)邊替代一條實(shí)邊，用戶必須指定產(chǎn)生的邊在分割點(diǎn)是連接的（Realconnected）或者非連接的（Realdisconnected）。如果用戶用兩條虛邊替代一條邊，GAMBIT將通過(guò)虛擬頂點(diǎn)（Virtualconnected）在分割點(diǎn)處連接兩條邊。注意：當(dāng)分割的邊與更高拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)面或者體積實(shí)體相連時(shí)，GAMBIT不允許用戶使用Realdisconnected選項(xiàng)。體會(huì)：當(dāng)realconnect時(shí)，在分割處生成一個(gè)點(diǎn)；而realdisconnect時(shí)，在分割處生成兩個(gè)點(diǎn)，即分割后的兩條邊不共用一個(gè)點(diǎn)。融合邊（虛擬的）指定要融合的邊GAMBIT允許用戶融合一組兩條或者多條實(shí)邊和虛邊，但是要遵循以下關(guān)于被融合邊的原則（如圖2－51）：該組中每條邊必須在它的一個(gè)或者兩個(gè)端點(diǎn)與該組中的其它邊相連所有沒(méi)有相連的端點(diǎn)可以連接成兩條以上的邊圖2－51：GAMBIT邊融合規(guī)則指定融合類(lèi)型當(dāng)用戶融合邊時(shí)，用戶必須指定融合類(lèi)型。這里有兩類(lèi)邊融合操作：Virtual(Forced)Virtual(Tolerance)當(dāng)用戶指定Virtual(Forced)融合時(shí)，GAMBIT將融合指定組內(nèi)的所有邊，無(wú)論它們之間的相對(duì)長(zhǎng)度和角度。當(dāng)用戶指定Virtual(Tolerance)融合時(shí)，GAMBIT僅僅當(dāng)所有該組中的所有邊符合指定的誤差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)才進(jìn)行融合操作。指定誤差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)這里有兩類(lèi)誤差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：Max.EdgeLengthMin.Angle當(dāng)用戶指定了MaxEdgeLength標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)，GAMBIT在融合操作中僅僅包含那些比指定長(zhǎng)度短的邊。MinAngle標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基于邊組之間的內(nèi)角。當(dāng)用戶指定了Virtual(Tolerance)選項(xiàng)時(shí)，GAMBIT在融合操作中僅僅包含那些內(nèi)角大于指定角度的邊組。掃掠掃描邊GAMBIT提供了兩種一般的掃描操作類(lèi)型：剛性的(rigid)垂直的(perpendicular)垂直掃描方法GAMBIT提供了以下進(jìn)行垂直掃描操作的方法：繪圖法(draft)扭曲法(twist)繪圖方法生成面其投影廓線在它的端點(diǎn)處垂直于路徑。扭曲法允許用戶沿著路徑長(zhǎng)度旋轉(zhuǎn)廓線通過(guò)一定的角度。?Forrigidsweepoperations,GAMBITmaintainstheorientationoftheprofilewithrespecttotheglobalcoordinatesystem.?Forperpendicularsweepoperations,GAMBITmaintainstheorienta-tionoftheprofilewithrespecttothepath.TheEffectofPathPositionTheshapeofthecreatedfacedepends,inpart,ontherelativepositionsoftheprofileandpath.Specifically,theeffectcanbesummarizedasfollows.?Ifthepathedgestartsatapointontheprofileedge,GAMBITretainstheglobalpositionofthepathwhenperformingthesweepoperation.?Ifthepathedgedoesnotstartatapointontheprofileedge,GAMBIT(bydefault)movesthestartingpointofthepathtothemidpointoftheprofilewhenperformingthesweepoperation.(NOTE:YoucanalterthisdefaultbehaviorbymeansoftheGEOMETRY.VOLUME.SWEEP_PATH_ALIGNMENTdefaultvariable(seebelow).)TheEffectofSweepDefaultVariablesTheshapeofanyfacecreatedbymeansoftheedge-sweepoperationisdeter-mined,inpart,bythevaluesassociatedwithtwoGAMBITdefaultvariables:?GEOMETRY.VOLUME.SWEEP_PATH_ALIGNMENT?GEOMETRY.VOLUME.SWEEP_METHODTheSWEEP_PATH_ALIGNMENTdefaultvariableaffectsthedefaultpath-posi-tionbehaviordescribedabove.TheSWEEP_METHODdefaultvariableallowsyoutospecifywhetherthecreatedfaceistruncatedinitsendregion(seebelow).SweepPathAlignmentDefault?0—Movesthepathtothenearestpointontheprofile?1—(Default)Movesthesweeppathtothemidpointoftheprofile(asshowninFigure2-89,above)SweepMethodDefault?0—GAMBITmaintainstheoriginalprofileorientationthroughoutthesweepoperation?1—GAMBITmaintainstheoriginalprofileorientationthroughoutthesweepoperation?2—GAMBITconstructsthefacesuchthatoneendrepresentsthetruncationofthesweepoperationbyaplaneperpendiculartothepathatitsendpoint.PerpendicularSweepOptions?Draft—specifyananglebywhichthesweptsurfaceofthecreatedfacedeviatesfromthePath.?Twist—GAMBITrevolvestheprofilethroughaspecifiedangleasitsweepstheprofilealongthelengthofthepath.EffectofSweepPathAlignmentDefaultSweepPathAlignmentDefault?0—Movesthepathtothenearestpointontheprofile?1—(Default)Movesthesweeppathtothemidpointoftheprofile(asshowninFigure2-89,above)5、BooleanOperationsUniteFacestwotypesofface-uniteoperations:?Real?VirtualPerformingaVirtualFace-UniteOperationUnitingFacesSeparatedbyaGapUnitingOverlappingFacesSpecifyingCriticalPointsIftwoormoreconsecutivecriticalpointslieonagivenedge,GAMBITretainstheshapeoftheedgebetweenthepoints.Whenyouperformavirtualface-uniteoperation,youmustusecautionwhendeterminingthesequenceinwhichthecriticalpointsarespecified.SubtractRealFacesThecommandrequirestwospecifications:?Targetface?ToolfacesetTheEffectofIntersectingFacesIfoneormorefacesinthetoolfacesetfullyintersectsthetargetface,GAMBITfullysplitsthetargetface.Ifthetoolface-setfacespartiallyintersectthetargetface,GAMBITcreatesoneormoredanglingedges.IntersectRealFaces6、連接面、分離面5連接面555IfyouattempttoconnectfacesAandBwithoutspecifyingtheT-Junctionsoption,GAMBITfailstoperformtheconnectoperationduetoalackofcorre-spondencebetweenthegeometriesofthetwofaces.IfyouspecifytheT-Junctionsoptionwhenattemptingtoconnectthefaces,GAMBITsplitsbothfacesbidirectionallyandconnectsthevolumesbymeansofanewface(C)(seeFigure2-111(b)).指定RealandVirtual(Tolerance)連接當(dāng)用戶指定RealandVirtual(Tolerance)選項(xiàng)時(shí)，GAMBIT將依次指定以下兩項(xiàng)操作：對(duì)于在全局誤差值范圍內(nèi)的面進(jìn)行Real連接操作對(duì)于沒(méi)有連接的彼此距離在用戶指定誤差值范圍內(nèi)的指定面進(jìn)行Virtual(Tolerance)連接操作分離實(shí)面DisconnectAboutRealFace命令允許用戶分離單獨(dú)的實(shí)面和/或者體積的公共面。指定邊和點(diǎn)選項(xiàng)GAMBIT提供以下三個(gè)關(guān)于處理被分離邊的端點(diǎn)的選項(xiàng)：Face+Edges/Vertices—將兩volums的公共邊分離成兩個(gè)，且n個(gè)公用點(diǎn)分離成2n個(gè)FaceOnly—只將兩volums的公共邊分離成兩個(gè)，n個(gè)公用點(diǎn)不分離Face+SelectedEdges—將兩volums的公共邊分離成兩個(gè)，將選擇的公用點(diǎn)分離成2個(gè)7、分割/融合/皺縮/簡(jiǎn)化面分割面Theoperationrequiresspecificationofthefollowingparameters:?Targetface?SplittypeNOTE(1):GeometrythatfailsGAMBITgeometrychecks(“bad”geometry)cansometimescausesplitoperationstofail.Bydefault,ifasplitoperationfailsduetobadgeometry,GAMBITabortstheoperation.Forsplitoperationsthatinvolveonlytwoentities,however,itispossibletospecifythatinsteadofabortingtheprocedure,GAMBITautomaticallyattemptstosmoothand/orhealthegeometryandretriesthesplitoperation.ThisspecificationismadebymeansoftheGEOMETRY.VOLUME.BOOLEAN_METHODdefaultvariable.Specifically,ifyousettheGEOMETRY.VOLUME.BOOLEAN_METHODdefaultvariableto2,GAMBITperformstheautomaticsmooth/heal-retryoperation.NOTE(2):IfyousettheGEOMETRY.VOLUME.BOOLEAN_METHODdefaultvariableto3,GAMBITattemptstopreserveexistingvertexandedgelabelswhenperformingafacesplitoperation.SpecifyingtheTargetFaceSpecifyingtheSplitTypeGAMBITprovidesthefollowingtypesoffacesplit-typeoperations:?Faces?Face(Virtual)?Edges?Vertices?LocationsPerformingaFacesSplit-typeOperationTheFacessplitoperationallowsyoutosplitarealorvirtualtargetfaceusingasetofoneormorerealorvirtualsplit-toolfaces.IntersectingTargetandSplit-ToolFaces?Ifasplit-toolfaceintersectsthetargetface,GAMBITeithersplitsthetargetfaceintotwoormorefacesorcreatesadanglingedgeonthetargetface.OverlappingTargetandSplit-ToolFaces?Ifasplit-toolfacepartiallyoverlapsthetargetface,GAMBITsplitsthetargetfacealongtheboundaryedgesofthesplit-toolface.NOTE(2):Ifthetargetfaceconstitutespartofavolume,orifthetargetfaceand/oranyofthesplit-toolfacesarevirtualfaces,youmustselecttheCon-nectedoption;otherwise,theoperationwillfail.體會(huì)：1、分割前分割前分割后分割后2、2、PerformingaFace(Virtual)Split-typeOperationTheFace(Virtual)splitoperationallowsyoutosplitarealornon-realtargetfaceusingavirtualsplit-toolface.NOTE:AlthoughtheFace(Virtual)optionalwaysappearsontheSplitwithoptionbutton,theFace(Virtual)splitfunctionalityisdisabledbydefault.ToenabletheFace(Virtual)functionality,settheGEOMETRY.FACE.VIRTUAL_FACE_FACE_SPLITdefaultvariableto1.體會(huì)：1、2、3、PerforminganEdgesSplit-typeOperationheEdgessplitoperationallowsyoutosplitarealornon-realtargetfaceusingasetofoneormorerealornon-realedges.Thesplit-tooledgesetcanconsistofeitherasingleedgeorachainofconnectededges.PerformingaVerticesSplit-typeOperation（要按一定順序選擇點(diǎn)）TheVerticessplitoperationallowsyoutosplitarealornon-realtargetfaceusingasplit-toolconsistingoftwoormorerealand/ornon-realvertices.Ifthefirstandlastverticesspecifiedforthesplit-toolvertexsetarelocatedonorconnectedtotheboundaryofthetargetface,GAMBITfullysplitsthetargetface;otherwise,thesplitoperationresultsinthecreationofdanglingedges.NOTE(1):Self-intersectingedgeloopsarenotallowedintheVerticessplitoperation,butGAMBITdoesnotpre-checkthesetofspecifiedverticestoensurethatitwillnotresultinanattempttocreateself-intersectingloop.Itistheuser’sresponsibilitytoensurethatthevertexlocationandsequencespeci-fiedfortheoperationdoesnotconstituteaself-intersectingloop.NOTE(2):Tosplitthetargetface,GAMBITfirstcreatesasetofvirtualedgesbetweenthesplit-toolvertices.Theproximityofthevirtualedgestothesurfaceoftheoriginalfacedependsonthenumberoffacetsusedtodefineeachedge.YoucancontrolthenumberoffacetsusedbymeansoftheGEOMETRY.EDGE.VIRTUAL_NUM_FACETSdefaultvariable.Ifthetargetfacepossessesacomplexsurface,itissometimesnecessarytoincreasethevalueofthisdefaultvariableinordertoproduceasplittingedgethatfollowsthecontoursoftheoriginalface.SpecifyingtheShapededgeOptionTheShapededgeoptionspecifiesthatface-faceboundaryresultingfromthesplitoperationbisectstheinterioranglesoftheoriginalfaceboundariesatitsendpoints(seeFigure2-118).5、PerformingaLocationsSplit-typeOperationTheLocationssplitoperationallowsyoutosplitarealornon-realtargetfaceusingasplit-toolconsistingofpoints(locations)ontheface.Foravirtualsplitoperation,thefirstandlastpointsspecifiedmustbelocatedontheboundaryofthetargetface.TheLocationssplitoperationincludesthreeoptionsthatdeterminethegeometrytypeandtheshapeoftheface-faceboundaryresultingfromtheoperation:?Virtual?Mergeresultingedges?ShapededgeSpecifyingtheVirtualOptionIfyouusetheLocationssplitoperationtosplitarealface,GAMBITattemptstogeneraterealgeometryfromtheoperationandproducesvirtualgeometryonlyiftheattemptisunsuccessful.TheVirtualoptionspecifiesthatthesplitoperationproducesonlyvirtualgeometry.SpecifyingtheMergeresultingedgesOptionwhensplittingthetargetface,GAMBITcreatesachainofedgesbetweenthepointsthatconstitutethesplittool.IfyouspecifyasplittoolconsistingofthreeormorepointsandselecttheMergeresultingedgesoption,GAMBITattemptstomergeadjacentedgesinthechainwhenperformingthesplitoperation.GAMBITmergestheedgesonlyiftheanglebetweenthemattheirsharedvertexisgreaterthanthecurrentedge-mergeminimumangle(default=135o).YoucanchangetheminimumanglevaluebymodifyingtheEOMETRY.EDGE.VIRTUAL_MERGE_MIN_ANGLEdefaultvariableontheEditDefaultsform.SpecifyingtheShapededgeOption融和面TheMergeFacesoperation(facemergecommand)mergestwoormorerealand/ornon-realfacesintoasinglerealorvirtualface.TheMergeFacesoperationrequiresspecificationofthefollowingparameters:?Facestobemerged?Mergetype?RealandVirtual(Forced)?Virtual(Tolerance)?MergeedgesoptionNOTE:Bydefault,GAMBITdoesnotallowyoutomergefacesorientedsuchthattheyform“sharp”angleswitheachotherasdefinedbythefacenormalsalongtheircommonedges.Specifically,GAMBITdoesnotmergefacesthenormalsofwhichdifferbylessthan90°orgreaterthan270°.YoucanoverridethisrestrictionbysettingtheGEOMETRY.FACE.SHARP_ANGLE_MERGEdefaultvariableto1.Virtual(Tolerance)OptionForexample,tomergetwosidefacesofaregular,six-sidedprismusingtheVirtual(Tolerance)option,youmustspecifyaMin.Anglevalueof119°.SpecifyingtheMergeedgesOption上下四條邊被merge為兩條邊上下四條邊被merge為兩條邊皺縮操作Eachoftheneighboringfacesspecifiedforthecollapseoperationmustbeconnectedtothefacetobecollapsedbymeansofoneormorecommonedges.Thevirtualfacesthatresultfromthecollapseoperationsharethevirtualedgeorvertexthatreplacesthecollapsedface.ThreeCoplanarFacesinaLineThreeCoplanarFacesatanAngleFourNon-coplanarFacesThefollowinggeneralrulesgovernthespecificationsofparametersfortheface-collapseoperation:?Youcannotcollapseafacethatconstitutespartofavolume.Forexample,GAMBITdoesnotallowyoutocollapseoneendofaprism.?Eachofthespecifiedneighboringfacesmustbeconnectedtothefacetobecollapsedbymeansofacommonedge.簡(jiǎn)化面TheSimplifyFacesoperation(facesimplifycommand)removes(deletes)danglingedgesfromfaces.Figure2-124showstwodifferenttypesofdanglingedges,bothofwhichcanberemovedbymeansoftheSimplifyFacescommand.8、Smooth/Heal/ConvertFaces修整實(shí)面HealRealFaces命令試圖修整有些時(shí)候在一組實(shí)面中存在的幾何機(jī)構(gòu)或者拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的問(wèn)題。HealRealFaces命令試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)和修整包括面實(shí)體在內(nèi)的幾何結(jié)構(gòu)和拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的問(wèn)題。修正操作時(shí)一個(gè)包括簡(jiǎn)化幾何結(jié)構(gòu)、縫合松散面（如果需要）和構(gòu)造新的幾何結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)修整幾何結(jié)構(gòu)和拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)問(wèn)題的三步過(guò)程。SpecifyingtheSmoothfacesOption?Replacebadgeometry?Reducecomplexity轉(zhuǎn)換面(NonrealtoReal)GAMBITcanuseanyofthreetechniquestoconvertanon-realface:?Underlyingrealhost?Deformablemodeling?Net-surface-basedThedeformablemodeling(DM)andnet-surface-basedtechniquesbothrequireasetofpointsonthesurfaceofanyfacetobeconverted.Forsuchtechniques,GAMBITemployspointinformationderivedfromanyexistingmeshorconformalfaceting.Ifafacetobeconvertedisneithermeshednorfaceted,GAMBITattemptstogeneratethenecessarymeshnodesorconformalfacetsbeforeconvertingtheface.NOTE(1):ThealgorithmthatdeterminesthetechniquetobeusedisinternaltoGAMBITandisnotuser-specified.NOTE(2):TheDMtechniquecanbeusedtoconvertafacewithmultipleedgeloopsaslongasthefacepossessesasingleperipheraledgeloop.NOTE(3):Thenet-surface-basedtechniquecannotbeusedtoconvertfaceswithmultipleedgeloops.NOTE(4):Ifthenet-surface-basedtechniqueisusedtoconvertaface,itisgenerallyadvisabletopre-meshthefacewithamappedmeshratherthanusingtheautomaticallygeneratedmesh.NOTE(5):Hiddenentitiesthatserveashostsforvirtualentitiesmaybecomevisiblewhentheirguestsareconvertedtorealgeometry.NOTE(6):WhenusingtheDMtechnique,theconvert-to-realoperationisrestrictedtonon-realfacesthatare“simplyplaneprojectable”—thatis,facesthatcanbereadilyprojectedontoaplane.Non-realfacesthatareflatornearlyflatcanbeconvertedwithoutproblem;however,theoperationgenerallyfailsfornon-realfacesthatarehighlycurved,suchasa?-cylinderorhalf-torus.ThegeneralmethodologysequencethatGAMBITuseswhenattemptingtoconvertanon-realfacecanbesummarizedasfollows.AttemptTechniqueDescription1UnderlyinghostIfthefacetobeconvertedpossessesasingle,realunderlyingface,usethegeometryoftheunderly-inghostfacetodefinethenewface.2DeformablemodelingUsetheDMtechniquewithpointinformationderivedinoneoftwoways(seeNOTE(1),below):a)Ifthefacetobeconvertedismeshedand/orconformallyfaceted,usetheexistingmeshorfacetinginformation.b)Ifthefacetobeconvertedisneithermeshednorconformallyfaceted,generateameshorconformalfacetsandusetheresultingmeshorfacetinformation(seeNOTE(2),below).3Net-surfaceUsethenet-surface-basedtechniquewithpointinformationderivedinoneoftwoways:a)Ifthefacetobeconvertedpossessesamappedmesh,usetheexistingmap-meshinformation.b)Ifthefacetobeconverteddoesnotalreadypossessamappedmesh,generateamappedmeshandusetheresultinginformation.Forexample,toconvertavirtualfacethatdoesnothaveasingle,realhostandthatisneithermeshednorconformallyfaceted,GAMBITattemptstogenerateatrianglemeshforusewiththeDMtechnique.Ifthetrianglemeshingoperationfails,GAMBITattemptstogenerateconformalfacetsfortheface.IftheDMattemptfails,GAMBITattemptstogenerateamappedmeshandconvertthefaceusingthenet-surface-basedtechnique.NOTE(1):TheGEOMETRY.FACE.NUM_SAMPLING_POINTSdefaultvariablecanbeusedtolimitthenumberofpointsusedbytheDMalgorithmregardlessofthenumberofmeshnodesorfacetingpointsonthefacetobeconverted.NOTE(2):TheGEOMETRY.FACE.CONFORMAL_FACETSdefaultvariablemustbesetto1forGAMBITtoattempttogenerateconformalfacets.Thedeformablemodeling(DM)andnet-surface-basedtechniquesbothrequireasetofpointsonthesurfaceofanyfacetobeconverted.Forsuchtechniques,GAMBITemployspointinformationderivedfromanyexistingmeshorconformalfaceting.Ifafacetobeconvertedisneithermeshednorfaceted,GAMBITattemptstogeneratethenecessarymeshnodesorconformalfacetsbeforeconvertingtheface.NOTE(1):ThealgorithmthatdeterminesthetechniquetobeusedisinternaltoGAMBITandisnotuser-specified.NOTE(2):TheDMtechniquecanbeusedtoconvertafacewithmultipleedgeloopsaslongasthefacepossessesasingleperipheraledgeloop.NOTE(3):Thenet-surface-basedtechniquecannotbeusedtoconvertfaceswithmultipleedgeloops.NOTE(4):Ifthenet-surface-basedtechniqueisusedtoconvertaface,itisgenerallyadvisabletopre-meshthefacewithamappedmeshratherthanusingtheautomaticallygeneratedmesh.NOTE(5):Hiddenentitiesthatserveashostsforvirtualentitiesmaybecomevisiblewhentheirguestsareconvertedtorealgeometry.NOTE(6):WhenusingtheDMtechnique,theconvert-to-realoperationisrestrictedtonon-realfacesthatare“simplyplaneprojectable”—thatis,facesthatcanbereadilyprojected