山東省棗莊市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題

2022～2023學(xué)年高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高一英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名﹑準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wherewillthewomanfinishhertrip?A.InFrance.B.InGermany.C.InSpain.2.Whatwillthewomando?A.Worklate.B.Sendamessage.C.Gotothecleaner’s.3.Howistheweathernow?A.Rainy.B.Windy.C.Sunny.4.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Shehasn’tpracticedhertalk.B.Sheisnotfeelingwell.C.Shelacksconfidence.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anet.B.Agame.C.Aninjury.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A，B，C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Ashoppingplace.B.Localresidents.C.Anewpark.7.Howmuchdidthemanpay?A.$15.B.$25.C.$50.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wheredidthemangetinspired?A.Atacollege.B.Atanairport.C.Ataworkshop.9.Whatdoesthemandowithhismodelplanes?A.Hesellsthem.B.Hekeepsthem.C.Hegivesthemaway.10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’swork?A.Hard.B.Fun.C.Impressive.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdoweknowabouttheman’sbike?A.It’ssuitableforhills.B.It’soldandbroken.C.Itcosthim$1,000.12.Whatshouldthewomanconsiderfirstbeforestartingshoppingaccordingtotheman?A.Thequality.B.Thecost.C.Theuse.13.Howmuchdoesthemansuggestthewomanspendatleast?A.About$500.B.About$1,000.C.About$2,000.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthewomanaskingthemanabout?A.Hisperformanceinthelastexam.B.Hispreparationfortheexam.C.Hisinterestinsubjects.15.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Motherandson.C.Teacherandstudent.16.Whichsubjectisthemanconfusedabout?A.Math.B.English.C.History.17.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Introducehimtoherfriends.B.Helphimwithhisstudy.C.Gotoaclasswithhim.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatwasthespeaker’sbiggestchallenge?A.Beingshy.B.Sufferinginjuries.C.Practicingregularly.19.Whatwasthespeaker’sopportunitytobeeprofessional?A.Performinginmusicvideos.B.Joiningadancepany.C.Enteringlocalcontests.20.Whoinspiredthespeakerparticularly?A.Otherdancers.B.Herfriends.C.Herfamily.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié);滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AUKMusicFestivalsSummerintheUKistraditionallythetimewhenpeoplegoonholidays.Itisalsothetimeforoutdoormusicfestivals.Let’slookatsomeofthemostfamousones.·GlastonburyFestivalTheGlastonburyFestivalfirststartedin1970,andisoftenseenasthestandardtojudgeotherfestivalsby.IttakesplaceonafarminthesouthwestofEnglandover3days,andvisitorscampinthefieldsaroundthesite.·ReadingFestivalWhileGlastonburytriestokeepanairofpeaceandlove,theReadingFestivalisanoisier,moreaggressiveweekend.ItismucheasiertoattendasitisinthecentreofthecityofReading.Althoughyoucancamp,youcanalsogojustfortheday.Upto55,000peopleareexpectedtoattendontheweekendoftheAugustBankHoliday,andtopBritishactssuchasFranzFerdinandandTheKaiserChiefswillentertainthecrowds.·CreamfieldsFestivalIfyoupreferhousemusictorock,thenCreamfieldsisprobablytheplaceforyou.Since1998,thisfestivalofdancemusichastakenplaceinLiverpool,alsoonthefinalweekendofAugust,butonlyforoneday,sothereisnoneedtobringyourtent.Instead,justenjoyaboogietotopDJsandliveacts.·KnebworthFestivalKnebworthisahugemanorhouseandthefestivaltakesplaceinthegardens.Itfirsttookplacein1974,andsincethenactssuchasTheRollingStones,Queen,EltonJohnandPaulMcCartneyhaveallfeatured.Sowhateveryourtastesinmusic,thereisafestivaltakingplaceinEnglandtosuityou.Justdon’tforgettopackyourraincoat.1.WhatisspecialabouttheReadingFestival?A.Thelonghistory. B.Varietiesofmusic.C.Convenientlocation. D.Peacefulatmosphere.2.Whichfestivalsuitspeoplewhoenjoyhousemusic?A.GlastonburyFestival. B.ReadingFestival.C.CreamfieldsFestival. D.KnebworthFestival.3.Whatdothelistedfestivalshaveinmon?A.Youneedtocamp. B.Theytakeplaceoutdoors.C.They’reheldatweekends. D.Theyfeaturepopularmusic.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了英國夏天的幾個(gè)戶外的音樂節(jié)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ReadingFestival中“ItismucheasiertoattendasitisinthecentreofthecityofReading.”（因?yàn)樗挥诶锥∈械闹行?，所以參加起來要容易得多。）可知，雷丁音樂?jié)的特別之處是它的地理位置便利。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CreamfieldsFestival中“Ifyoupreferhousemusictorock,thenCreamfieldsisprobablytheplaceforyou.”（如果你更喜歡house音樂而不是搖滾，那么Creamfields可能是適合你的地方。）可知，Creamfields節(jié)日更適合喜歡house音樂的人。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中對(duì)各個(gè)音樂節(jié)的介紹以及第一段中“SummerintheUKistraditionallythetimewhenpeoplegoonholidays.Itisalsothetimeforoutdoormusicfestivals.”（英國的夏天傳統(tǒng)上是人們?nèi)ザ燃俚臅r(shí)候。這也是戶外音樂節(jié)的時(shí)間。）可知，文章列出的音樂節(jié)的共同之處是它們都在戶外進(jìn)行。故選B項(xiàng)。BNievesleftPuertoRicowhenshewas18,afterspendingyearsfeelingtrappedontheisland.ShefinishedhereducationatUniversityofPennsylvaniaandOxford.WhilelivinginthemainlandUnitedStates,sherealizedthatshedidn’thaveasenseofmunity.Soshedecidedtoreturnhome,justafewmonthsbeforeHurricaneMariamadelandfall.Aftertheworstofthehurricanewasover,Nievesandherneighborswereinroughshape.Likemostoftheisland’stownsandcities,therewasnoelectricity,norunningwater,andnocellphoneservice.PeopleinMarianaknewthatbecauseoftheirisolatedlocation,itwouldtakedaysforgovernmentaidtoreachthem,sotheytookmattersintotheirownhands.Nievesandherpartnerdecidedtostartamunitykitchen.Theygotpermissiontouseanindustrialkitchenspace.Findingfoodandcookswasalittlebitharderthantheyexpected,atleastatfirst.Immediatelyafterthehurricane,itwasdifficultorimpossibletocallanyone,sotheyhadtogodoortodoortocontactpeople.Nievesendedupwithasmallteamoflocalresidentswhohadbeenhithardbythestorm,butstillwantedtohelp.Peoplecontributedwhatevertheycould,frombeanstovegetablestobagsofrice.Youngpeoplebroughthotfoodtoelderlyneighbors.Bytheendoftheweek,themunitykitchenwasfeeding300peopleeveryday.Evenmoreimportantly,everyonehadajobtodo.Still,NieveshopesthatthelessonshermunitylearnedafterMariawillhelpothertownsinthefuture.“Webelievethatthisisamodel,oratleastinsomeaspect,thateverymunityneedstohaveifthey’regoingtosurvive.munitiesareourbestchanceatadapting.Togetherwemightbeabletocreatemore,”shesaid.4.WhatmadeNievesdecidetogobackhome?A.Herlackofasenseofmunity. B.Thehurricaneinherhometown.C.Herfeelingofbeingtrapped. D.Herwishtogetfurthereducation.5.WhatdidthepeopleinMarianadoafterhurricaneMaria?A.Theydidnothingbutwaitforhelp. B.Theydeliveredfooddoortodoor.C.Theydonatedalltohelpothers. D.Theytriedtohelpthemselves.6.WhydidNievesstartthemunitykitchen?A.Toraisemoneyforlocalcharities. B.Tosetamodelformunitywork.C.Toprovidefoodfortheneedy. D.Toofferjobsforlocalpeople.7.WhatlessoncanwelearnfromNieve’swords?A.Actionsspeakslouderthanwords. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Whilethereislife,thereishope. D.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了尼夫斯回到家鄉(xiāng)，在颶風(fēng)后開辦社區(qū)廚房，幫助窮人的事跡?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhilelivinginthemainlandUnitedStates,sherealizedthatshedidn’thaveasenseofmunity.Soshedecidedtoreturnhome,justafewmonthsbeforeHurricaneMariamadelandfall.(在美國大陸生活時(shí)，她意識(shí)到自己沒有社區(qū)意識(shí)。所以她決定回家，就在颶風(fēng)瑪麗亞登陸前幾個(gè)月)”可知，缺乏社區(qū)意識(shí)讓尼夫斯決定回家。故選A。5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“PeopleinMarianaknewthatbecauseoftheirisolatedlocation,itwouldtakedaysforgovernmentaidtoreachthem,sotheytookmattersintotheirownhands.(馬里亞納的人們知道，由于他們的孤立位置，政府的援助需要幾天才能到達(dá)他們手中，所以他們自己動(dòng)手)”可知，瑪麗亞颶風(fēng)過后，馬里亞納的人們?cè)噲D幫助他們自己。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Immediatelyafterthehurricane,itwasdifficultorimpossibletocallanyone,sotheyhadtogodoortodoortocontactpeople.Nievesendedupwithasmallteamoflocalresidentswhohadbeenhithardbythestorm,butstillwantedtohelp.Peoplecontributedwhatevertheycould,frombeanstovegetablestobagsofrice.Youngpeoplebroughthotfoodtoelderlyneighbors.Bytheendoftheweek,themunitykitchenwasfeeding300peopleeveryday.Evenmoreimportantly,everyonehadajobtodo.(颶風(fēng)過后，很難或根本不可能給任何人打，所以他們不得不挨家挨戶地聯(lián)系人們。最后，尼夫斯和一小群當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裨谝黄穑麄兪艿搅吮╋L(fēng)雨的重創(chuàng)，但仍然想幫忙。人們盡其所能，從豆類到蔬菜再到大米。年輕人給年老的鄰居送熱的食物。到那個(gè)周末，社區(qū)廚房每天為300人提供食物。更重要的是，每個(gè)人都有工作要做)”可知，尼夫斯創(chuàng)辦社區(qū)廚房來為窮人提供食物。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Webelievethatthisisamodel,oratleastinsomeaspect,thateverymunityneedstohaveifthey’regoingtosurvive.munitiesareourbestchanceatadapting.Togetherwemightbeabletocreatemore(我們相信，這是一種模式，或者至少在某些方面，每個(gè)社區(qū)都需要有，如果他們要生存下去。社區(qū)是我們適應(yīng)環(huán)境的最佳機(jī)會(huì)。我們一起也許能創(chuàng)造更多)”可推知，尼夫斯告訴我們：人多好辦事。故選B。CLastNovember,China’sYutu2lunarroverspottedsomethingcuriousonthefarsideofthemoon.Theimagewasunclear,butitwasunmistakable.Theobjectlookedlikeacubesittingonthemoon’ssurface,lookingtooprecisetobejustamoonrock—perhapssomethingleftbyvisitingaliens(外星人)likethemonolithinArthurC.Clarke’s“2001:ASpaceOdyssey.”WhentheimagewaspublishedinearlyDecember,itimmediatelyattractedattentionfromthemediaandspacefansaroundtheworld,andsparkedheateddebates.SomeChineseonlineusersonWeiboparedittotheGuanghanPalace,wherethegoddessofthemoonlivesaccordingtoancientChinesemythology.China’sspaceauthoritiescalleditthe“mysteryhut”,whileotherscalleditthe“mooncube”.Yutu2wassentforacloserlook,andattheleisurelyspeedtheroveriscapableoftraveling,ittookweekstogetupclose.OnFriday,OurSpace,aChineselanguagesciencechannelofChinaNationalSpaceAdministration,postedanupdate.Thereisnomonolith,nosecretbasenearalunarcrater.Closeup,itturnsouttobejustarock.Theseeminglyperfectgeometric(幾何形)shapewasjustatrickofangle,lightandshadow.Althoughthemysteryhutwasnotahutatall,oneoftherover’sremotedriversonEarthpointedoutthattherockkindofresembledarabbit,andoneofthestonesinfrontofitlookedabitlikeacarrot.That’sfittingastherover’snamemeans“JadeRabbit”.Theroverhasnowdrivenjustover1,000meterssinceitarrivedthreeyearsagoonthemoon’sfarside,inVonKarmancrater,aspartoftheChang’e4mission.8.Whenfirstpublished,theimagewasthoughtimpossibletobe______.A.amoonrock B.amonolith C.asecretbase D.amysteryhut9.WhatwasYutu2roversenttodo?A.ToexploretheGuanghanPalace. B.Tofindoutwhattheimagewas.C.Toprovetheexperts’guessing. D.TolookformysteriousJadeRabbit.10.Whatisthecauseofthegeometricshape?A.TheChinesefolktales. B.TheYutu2’swrongposition.C.Theroughsurfaceofthemoon. D.Theeffectofangle,lightandshadow.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ANewScientificResearch. B.Yutu2Rover’sMission.C.TheSolutionofaMystery. D.TheSecretoftheMoon.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了去年11月，中國的玉兔2號(hào)月球車在月球背面發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些奇怪的東西，引起了世界各地媒體和太空愛好者的關(guān)注，并引發(fā)了激烈的爭論。為此玉兔2號(hào)被派去近距離觀察，湊近看，原來只是一塊石頭?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theobjectlookedlikeacubesittingonthemoon’ssurface,lookingtooprecisetobejustamoonrock(這個(gè)物體看起來像一個(gè)立方體，坐落在月球表面，看起來太精確了，不可能只是一塊月球巖石)”可知，當(dāng)這張照片首次發(fā)表時(shí)，人們認(rèn)為它不可能是月球巖石。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Yutu2wassentforacloserlook,andattheleisurelyspeedtheroveriscapableoftraveling,ittookweekstogetupclose.(“玉兔2號(hào)”被派去近距離觀察，以悠閑的速度行駛，它花了數(shù)周時(shí)間才接近)”可知，玉兔2號(hào)被用來查明圖像是什么。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theseeminglyperfectgeometric(幾何形)shapewasjustatrickofangle,lightandshadow.(看似完美的幾何形狀只是角度、光線和陰影的把戲)”可知，幾何形狀的成因是角度、光和陰影的影響。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第二段“WhentheimagewaspublishedinearlyDecember,itimmediatelyattractedattentionfromthemediaandspacefansaroundtheworld,andsparkedheateddebates.SomeChineseonlineusersonWeiboparedittotheGuanghanPalace,wherethegoddessofthemoonlivesaccordingtoancientChinesemythology.China’sspaceauthoritiescalleditthe“mysteryhut”,whileotherscalleditthe“mooncube”.(這張照片在12月初發(fā)布后，立即引起了世界各地媒體和太空愛好者的關(guān)注，并引發(fā)了激烈的爭論。一些中國網(wǎng)民在微博上將其與中國古代神話中月亮女神居住的廣寒宮相提并論。中國航天當(dāng)局稱其為“神秘小屋”，而其他人則稱之為“月球立方體”)”可知，文章主要說明了去年11月，中國的玉兔2號(hào)月球車在月球背面發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些奇怪的東西，引起了世界各地媒體和太空愛好者的關(guān)注，并引發(fā)了激烈的爭論。為此玉兔2號(hào)被派去近距離觀察，湊近看，原來只是一塊石頭。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“謎底”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。DWearewhatweeat.Fromhighcaloriemealstolowfatlunches,muchofourhealthdependsonwhatweeat.Weallknowaboutthebenefitsofeatingproperlyforourphysicalhealth,butfood—andcookingit—isprovingtobegoodforourmentalwellbeingaswell.Somepeoplearenowadvocatingthetherapyvalueofcookingfood.It’snotjustabouttheendresultbuttheexperiencewegothrough.DrMarkSaltertoldBBC:“Bakingandcookingaregoodtherapiesthathelpdevelopplanningskills,shorttermmemoryandsocialskillsallofwhichsufferinmentalillness.”TVchefandauthorNadiyaHussainagreesthatcookingisgreatforhelpingourmind.ShelovestobakeandbecamethechampionoftheTVshow,TheGreatBritishBakeOff.“Bakinghasalwaysbeenabouttherapy.It’sneverreallybeenaboutthecake”,shesaid.Andshethinksthatbakingisanimportanttoolforoursocializationandmentalhealth.Certainly,creatingdeliciousfoodhashelpedtakeourmindoffthingsandgivenussomethingtodo.Peoplehavesaidthatpreparingdoughtomakebread,forexample,hasgiventhemasenseofcalmandcontrol.Researchhasshownthatdoingcreativetasks,likecooking,makesusfeelhappier.NicoleFarmer,whostudieshowfoodimpactsourbiology,behaviourandmentalhealth,toldBBConlinethat“cookingrepresentsthesharedhumanexperienceoffood,andnurturingpeoplethroughfood,soIthinkthat’swhereitbringsusanopportunityforimmediatepositiveemotions.”O(jiān)fcourse,cookingcanbeaverysociableactivityandsharingtheendresult,arewardingexperience.Hopefully,aswestarttomixwithfriendsandfamilyagain,wecanenjoythebenefitsoncemoreandputusallintherightframeofmind.12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Cookingbenefitingmentalhealth. B.Differentopinionsoncooking.C.Benefitsoffoodforphysicalhealth. D.Anauthor’scookingexperience.13.WhatdoesDrMarkSaltertalkabout?A.Thetherapyvalueofcooking. B.Theenjoymentofcooking.C.Thetypesofmentaldisease. D.Thephysicalbenefitsoffood.14.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thecake”refertoinParagraph3?A.Foodquality. B.Theendresult. C.TheTVshow. D.Thechampion.15.WhatdoesNicoleFarmermeanaboutcooking?A.Itisasociableactivity. B.Itgivesusdeliciousfood.C.Itistheprocessofcreation. D.Itresultsinapleasantfeeling.【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了事實(shí)證明，食物和烹飪食物對(duì)我們的精神健康也有好處，并通過不同專業(yè)的人對(duì)此進(jìn)行了論述?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Weallknowaboutthebenefitsofeatingproperlyforourphysicalhealth,butfood—andcookingit—isprovingtobegoodforourmentalwellbeingaswell.(我們都知道合理飲食對(duì)我們的身體健康有好處，但事實(shí)證明，食物和烹飪食物對(duì)我們的精神健康也有好處)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了事實(shí)證明，食物和烹飪食物對(duì)我們的精神健康也有好處，并通過不同專業(yè)的人對(duì)此進(jìn)行了論述?？芍?，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是烹飪有益于心理健康。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“DrMarkSaltertoldBBC:“Bakingandcookingaregoodtherapiesthathelpdevelopplanningskills,shorttermmemoryandsocialskillsallofwhichsufferinmentalillness.(馬克·索爾特博士告訴BBC：“烘焙和烹飪是很好的治療方法，有助于培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃能力、短期記憶力和社交能力——這些都是精神疾病的受害者?！?”可知，馬克·索爾特博士說明了烹飪的治療價(jià)值。故選A?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“TVchefandauthorNadiyaHussainagreesthatcookingisgreatforhelpingourmind.ShelovestobakeandbecamethechampionoftheTVshow,TheGreatBritishBakeOff.(電視廚師兼作家NadiyaHussain同意烹飪對(duì)我們的思維有很大的幫助。她喜歡烘焙，并成為了電視節(jié)目《英國烘焙大賽》的冠軍)”以及“Andshethinksthatbakingisanimportanttoolforoursocializationandmentalhealth.(她認(rèn)為烘焙是我們社交和心理健康的重要工具)”可知，NadiyaHussain認(rèn)為烘焙是重要工具，所以重要的并不是最后的結(jié)果，故劃線詞指的是“最后的結(jié)果”。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“NicoleFarmer,whostudieshowfoodimpactsourbiology,behaviourandmentalhealth,toldBBConlinethat“cookingrepresentsthesharedhumanexperienceoffood,andnurturingpeoplethroughfood,soIthinkthat’swhereitbringsusanopportunityforimmediatepositiveemotions.”(研究食物如何影響我們的生理、行為和心理健康的妮可·法默告訴BBC網(wǎng)站說：“烹飪代表了人類對(duì)食物的共同體驗(yàn)，并通過食物培養(yǎng)人，所以我認(rèn)為這給我們帶來了一個(gè)立即產(chǎn)生積極情緒的機(jī)會(huì)?！?”可知，妮可·法默認(rèn)為烹飪帶來一種愉快的感覺。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weallknowthathonestyisanimportantvalue,andthatlyingiswrong.____16____Researchersfindthatwetellonaveragefourlieseverydayoralmost1,500everyyear.____17____Ifpeopletellliestomakeothersfeelbetterandwon’tbringanynegativeeffect,wecallthemwhitelies.Oncontrarytowhitelies,whichreferstowellintentionedlies,blackliesaretoldtodeceivesomeoneelsefortheirownadvantage.Nodoubtthatblackliesareharmful,butnotwhitelies.Liesareoftentiedinwithselfprotection.____18____Iftheyfeelthattheymightbehurt,theyimmediatelybegintolie.Also,weallhaveourownprivacy.Maybepartsoftheprivacyareembarrassingandshamefulandwewouldnotliketogivethemallout.Sowetellliestoprotectourselves.Onsomeoccasions,itisnecessarytotellliestoavoidhurtingothers’feelings,particularlywhenthetruthistoomiserabletoaccept.Ifwetellthetruth,peoplewillgethurt.____19____Ofcourse,it’sOktotellliestomakethemfeelbetter.Anyhow,weshouldalwayskeepinmindthathonestyisthebestpolicy.Asarule,weshouldtryourbesttotellthetruthanddoalltimes.Iftherewerenolies,couldtheworldbebetter?Idon’tthinkso.____20____A.Tellthetruthorlie?B.Tellingliesismorallywrong.C.However,wealllieandlieallthetimes.D.Formostofus,itisanescapefromreality.E.Liescanbedividedintoblackliesandwhitelies.F.Peoplealwayscareabouthowothersthinkofthem.G.Ifwellintended,it’sacceptabletotellalittlewhitelie.【答案】16.C17.E18.F19.A20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了謊言的兩種類型以及該不該說謊的問題?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Weallknowthathonestyisanimportantvalue,andthatlyingiswrong.(我們都知道誠實(shí)是一種重要的價(jià)值觀，而說謊是錯(cuò)誤的)”以及后文“Researchersfindthatwetellonaveragefourlieseverydayoralmost1,500everyyear.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們平均每天說謊4次，每年說謊近1500次)”可知，空處內(nèi)容與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出人類撒謊的事實(shí)。故C選項(xiàng)“然而，我們一直都在撒謊”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Ifpeopletellliestomakeothersfeelbetterandwon’tbringanynegativeeffect,wecallthemwhitelies.Oncontrarytowhitelies,whichreferstowellintentionedlies,blackliesaretoldtodeceivesomeoneelsefortheirownadvantage.Nodoubtthatblackliesareharmful,butnotwhitelies.(如果人們說謊是為了讓別人感覺更好，不會(huì)帶來任何負(fù)面影響，我們稱之為善意的謊言。善意謊言指的是善意的謊言，與善意謊言相反，而惡意謊言指的是為了自己的利益而欺騙別人。毫無疑問，惡意的謊言是有害的，但善意的謊言卻不是)”可知，本段主要介紹了惡意謊言和善意謊言。故E選項(xiàng)“謊言可以分為惡意謊言和善意謊言”符合語境，可以作為本段的主旨句。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Liesareoftentiedinwithselfprotection.(謊言常常與自我保護(hù)聯(lián)系在一起)”以及后文“Iftheyfeelthattheymightbehurt,theyimmediatelybegintolie.Also,weallhaveourownprivacy.Maybepartsoftheprivacyareembarrassingandshamefulandwewouldnotliketogivethemallout.Sowetellliestoprotectourselves.(如果他們覺得自己可能會(huì)受到傷害，他們會(huì)立即開始撒謊。而且，我們都有自己隱私。也許部分隱私是令人尷尬和可恥的，我們不想把它們都給泄露出去。所以我們說謊來保護(hù)自己)”可知，上文提到撒謊是為了自我保護(hù)，故推測(cè)本句陳述人們?nèi)鲋e的原因：在意別人對(duì)他們的看法，故F選項(xiàng)“人們總是關(guān)心別人對(duì)他們的看法”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Onsomeoccasions,itisnecessarytotellliestoavoidhurtingothers’feelings,particularlywhenthetruthistoomiserabletoaccept.Ifwetellthetruth,peoplewillgethurt.(在某些情況下，說謊是必要的，以避免傷害他人的感情，特別是當(dāng)真相太悲慘而無法接受的時(shí)候。如果我們說出真相，人們會(huì)受到傷害)”和后文“Ofcourse,it’sOktotellliestomakethemfeelbetter.(當(dāng)然，為了讓他們感覺好一點(diǎn)而說謊是可以的)”可知，后文提到了讓別人感覺好點(diǎn)，撒謊也是可以的，故本句主要就說實(shí)話還是謊話進(jìn)行設(shè)問。故A選項(xiàng)“說實(shí)話還是說謊？”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Anyhow,weshouldalwayskeepinmindthathonestyisthebestpolicy.Asarule,weshouldtryourbesttotellthetruthanddoalltimes.Iftherewerenolies,couldtheworldbebetter?Idon’tthinkso.(無論如何，我們應(yīng)該永遠(yuǎn)記住誠實(shí)是上策。作為一個(gè)規(guī)則，我們應(yīng)該盡我們最大的努力說真話，并做到任何時(shí)候。如果沒有謊言，世界會(huì)變得更好嗎？我不這么想)”可知，上文提到作者不認(rèn)為沒有謊言世界會(huì)變得更好，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)陳述作者對(duì)于謊言的看法。故G選項(xiàng)“如果是出于好意，撒個(gè)善意的小謊也是可以接受的”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié);滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)CarieBroeckerisalifelonganimallover.Sheusedtoworkin(a)n____21____rescueorganizationinPacificGrove,California,for12years.She____22____herelderlyfriendAliceseveralyearsago.AfterAlicedevelopedemphysema(肺氣腫),Broecker____23____herdog,Savannah,whileshestayedinthehospital.Inherfinaldays,Alicewasalways___24___aboutwhatwouldhappentoherdog.BroeckerpromisedshewouldfindheragoodhomeforSavannah.Afterthewoman’s____25____,BroeckeradoptedSavannahherself.Thisexperience____26____Broecker.Shedecidedto____27____adogrescuenonprofit,PeaceofMindDogRescue,tocarefordogs___28___topeoplewhoweredying____29____goingintoassistedlivingcenters.Sheaskedaformercolleague,MonicaRua,toworkwithher.Rua____30____tohelpandsuggestedtheyalsotakein___31___dogsfromshelters,whicharen’t____32____asoftenasyoungerones.Sinceitwasfounded,thenonprofithashelped2,000seniorcitizensandfound____33____fornearly3,000dogs.“Sometimesaperson’sonly____34____ofloveistheirpet,”saysCarie.“Soanythingwecandoto____35____anownerandhisdogtogetherismeaningful.”21.A.elderly B.family C.animal D.children22.A.saved B.loved C.turned D.met23.A.caredfor B.putup C.lookedfor D.pickedup24.A.curious B.worried C.happy D.satisfied25.A.death B.recovery C.operation D.promise26.A.upset B.inspired C.shocked D.changed27.A.join B.share C.serve D.open28.A.sticking B.leading C.belonging D.attaching29.A.so B.or C.and D.but30.A.agreed B.refused C.wished D.intended31.A.homeless B.weak C.disabled D.senior32.A.bought B.sold C.treated D.adopted33.A.partners B.charities C.homes D.masters34.A.member B.source C.chance D.support35.A.keep B.feed C.attend D.adapt【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.B27.D28.C29.B30.A31.D32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了CarieBroecker成立一個(gè)非營利性的狗狗救援組織，來照顧那些主人即將死去或要去輔助生活中心的人的狗?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她曾經(jīng)在加利福尼亞州太平洋格羅夫的一個(gè)動(dòng)物救援組織工作了12年。A.elderly老人；B.family家人；C.animal動(dòng)物；D.children孩子。根據(jù)上文“CarieBroeckerisalifelonganimallover.(CarieBroecker是一個(gè)終生的動(dòng)物愛好者)”指她在一個(gè)動(dòng)物救援組織工作了12年。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾年前她遇到了她的老朋友愛麗絲。A.saved拯救；B.loved愛；C.turned轉(zhuǎn)彎；D.met遇見。根據(jù)后文“herelderlyfriendAliceseveralyearsago”可知兩人是幾年前遇見的。故選D。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：愛麗絲患肺氣腫后，Broecker在她住院期間照顧她的狗Savannah。A.caredfor關(guān)心；B.putup搭建；C.lookedfor尋找；D.pickedup撿起。根據(jù)后文“herdog,Savannah,whileshestayedinthehospital”可知，Broecker為朋友照顧她的狗，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在她最后的日子里，愛麗絲總是擔(dān)心她的狗會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。A.curious好奇的；B.worried擔(dān)心的；C.happy快樂的；D.satisfied滿足的。根據(jù)后文“BroeckerpromisedshewouldfindheragoodhomeforSavannah.(Broecker答應(yīng)她會(huì)給Savannah找個(gè)好家)”說明愛麗絲總是擔(dān)心她的狗會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這個(gè)女人死后，Broecker自己收養(yǎng)了Savannah。A.death死亡；B.recovery恢復(fù)；C.operation手術(shù)；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)后文“BroeckeradoptedSavannahherself”以及常識(shí)，收養(yǎng)朋友的狗是在她去世以后。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這段經(jīng)歷啟發(fā)了Broecker。A.upset使沮喪；B.inspired鼓舞，啟發(fā)；C.shocked震驚；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文Broecker成立一個(gè)非營利性來幫助這些狗，可知這段經(jīng)歷啟發(fā)了Broecker。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她決定成立一個(gè)非營利性的狗狗救援組織，“安心狗狗救援”，來照顧那些即將死去或要去輔助生活中心的人的狗狗。A.join加入；B.share分享；C.serve服務(wù)；D.open打開。根據(jù)后文“adogrescuenonprofit”指成立非營利性的狗狗救援組織，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞open。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她決定成立一個(gè)非營利性的狗狗救援組織，“安心狗狗救援”，來照顧那些即將死去或要去輔助生活中心的人的狗狗。A.sticking刺入；B.leading帶領(lǐng)；C.belonging屬于；D.attaching附上。根據(jù)后文“topeoplewhoweredying”指這些狗屬于那些即將去世的人，應(yīng)用belongto。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：她決定成立一個(gè)非營利性的狗狗救援組織，“安心狗狗救援”，來照顧那些即將死去或要去輔助生活中心的人的狗狗。A.so所以；B.or或者；C.and并且；D.but但是。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為選擇關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞or。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Rua同意幫忙，并建議他們也從收容所收養(yǎng)年長的狗，這些狗不像年輕的狗那樣經(jīng)常被收養(yǎng)。A.agreed同意；B.refused拒絕；C.wished希望；D.intended打算。根據(jù)后文“tohelpandsuggestedtheyalsotakein”可知，Rua同意幫忙，還給出了建議。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Rua同意幫忙，并建議他們也從收容所收養(yǎng)年長的狗，這些狗不像年輕的狗那樣經(jīng)常被收養(yǎng)。A.homeless無家可歸的；B.weak虛弱的；C.disabled殘疾的；D.senior年長的。后文“oftenasyoungerones”提到了年輕的狗經(jīng)常被收養(yǎng)，所以是建議先收養(yǎng)年老的狗。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Rua同意幫忙，并建議他們也從收容所收養(yǎng)年長的狗，這些狗不像年輕的狗那樣經(jīng)常被收養(yǎng)。A.bought購買；B.sold出售；C.treated治療；D.adopted收養(yǎng)。上文“dogsfromshelters”提到狗在收容所，所以是被人收養(yǎng)。故選D。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自成立以來，這家非營利組織已經(jīng)幫助了2000名老年人，并為近3000只狗找到了家。A.partners伙伴；B.charities慈善；C.homes家；D.masters大師。根據(jù)后文“fornearly3,000dogs”可知，此處指給三千只狗找到了家。故選C。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“有時(shí)候一個(gè)人唯一的愛的來源就是他們的寵物，”凱莉說。A.member成員；B.source來源；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.support支持。結(jié)合后文“ofloveistheirpet”指寵物是一些人愛的來源，應(yīng)用source。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我們能做的任何事情都是有意義的，可以讓主人和他的狗在一起。A.keep保持；B.feed喂養(yǎng)；C.attend出席；D.adapt適應(yīng)。根據(jù)后文“anownerandhisdogtogether”指讓主人和狗在一起，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞keep。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分)讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞正確形式。Itisjust70yearssincethefirst____36____(climber)gottothetopofMountQomolangma.OnMay29th,1953,EdmundHillaryfromNewZealand,andTenzingNorgayfromNepalfinally____37____(reach)theworld’shighestpeakforthefirsttimeinhumanhistory.Duringthepast70years,thousandsofmenandwomenhavetriedtogettothetop,____38____only4,469havemadetheirdreamsetrue.ClimbingMountQomolangmaisthemostdangeroussportintheworld.Theclimbershave___39___(face)suddensnowstorms,avalanchesandsomeotherterribleweatherconditions.The____40____(high)theyclimb,themoredifficultiestheywillmeet.Ontheway____41____thetoptheymaylosetheirlivesatanytime.It____42____(report)thatmorethan300climbershadtolivethereforever.InMay,1960,aChinesemountaineeringteamreachedthesummitfromthenorthridgeandshowedour____43____(nation)flagonthetoptotheworldforthefirsttime.Oncesomeoneaskedwhypeopleneverstopped____44____(try)toreachthetop.“Idon’tthinkclimbingthehighestmountainonlymeansdangerordeath.Itisreally____45____chancetochallenge.Youcanreallyunderstandtheloveofnatureandthetruemeaningoflife,”areporterofCCTVanswered.【答案】36.climbers37.reached38.but39.toface40.higher41.to42.isreported43.national44.trying45.a

【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章說明了攀登珠穆朗瑪峰面對(duì)的危險(xiǎn)，但是人們敢于攀登?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：第一批登山者登上珠穆朗瑪峰僅僅70年。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處作主語，因此需要填入名詞；第一批登山者有很多人，因此用復(fù)數(shù)。故填climbers?！?7題詳解】考查一般過去時(shí)。句意：1953年5月29日，來自新西蘭的埃德蒙·希拉里和來自尼泊爾的丹增·諾蓋終于在人類歷史上第一次登上了世界最高峰。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處需要填入謂語動(dòng)詞，句子中的時(shí)間狀語為“May29th,1953”；因此需要使用一般過去時(shí)。故填reached?！?8題詳解】考查連詞。句意：在過去的70年里，成千上萬的男人和女人試圖登上頂峰，但只有4469人實(shí)現(xiàn)了他們的夢(mèng)想。前文說明的是“成千上萬的男人和女人試圖登上頂峰”；后文說明的是“只有4469人實(shí)現(xiàn)了他們的夢(mèng)想”，所以前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but?！?9題詳解