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昆明市呈貢縣2023年考研《英語一》押題密卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Once,whenIwasateenager,myfatherandIwerestandinginlinetobuyticketsforthecircus.1,therewasonlyonefamilybetweenusandtheticketcounter.Thisfamilymadeabig2onme.Therewereeightchildren,allprobablyundertheageof12.Youcould3theyweren'trich.Theirclotheswerenotexpensivebuttheywere4Thechildrenwere5,allofthemstandinginline,two-by-twobehindtheirparents,6hands.Theywere7jabbering(喋喋不休地說)abouttheclowns,elephants,andotheractstheywouldseethatnight.Onecould8theyhadneverbeentothecircusbefore.It9tobeahighlightoftheiryounglives.Theticketladyaskedthefatherhowmanyticketshewanted.Heproudly10,“Eightforchildrenandtwoforadults,please.”Theticketladytoldhimtheprice.Themother'shead11,andherlipbegantotremble.Thefatherleanedalittle12andasked,“Howmuchdidyousay?”Theticketlady13theprice.Themandidn'thaveenoughmoney.Seeingthis,mydadputhishandintohispocket,14a$20billanddroppeditontheground.(Wewerenotwealthyinanycaseoftheworld?。㏕henhe15down,pickedupthebill,tappedthemanontheshoulderandsaid,“Excuseme,sir,thisfelloutofyourpocket.”Themanknewwhatwasgoingon.Hewasn'tbeggingforahandout(施舍物)16certainly17thetimelyhelpinsuchan18situation.Hetookmyfather'shandinbothofhis,squeezedtightlyontotheS20bill,andwithatearrunningdownhischeek,hereplied,"Thankyou,sir.Thisreally19alottomeandmyfamily.”MyfatherandIwentbacktoourcarand20home.Wedidn'tgotothecircusthatnight,butwedidn'tgowithout.1、A.Immediately B.Finally C.Hopefully D.Suddenly2、A.difference B.effort C.impression D.suggestion3、A.tell B.a(chǎn)gree C.believe D.suppose4、A.shabby B.simple C.common D.clean5、A.polite B.lovely C.well-behaved D.badly-behaved6、A.holding B.shaking C.putting D.waving7、A.bravely B.excitedly C.bitterly D.honestly8、A.know B.understand C.judge D.sense9、A.decided B.recommended C.promised D.a(chǎn)llowed10、A.laughed B.responded C.commented D.a(chǎn)nnounced11、A.dropped B.bent C.shook D.nodded12、A.nearer B.harder C.tighter D.closer13、A.refused B.recited C.repeated D.reduced14、A.putout B.pulledout C.pickedout D.gaveout15、A.jumped B.lay C.knocked D.reached16、A.but B.a(chǎn)nd C.or D.so17、A.offered B.a(chǎn)dmired C.rejected D.a(chǎn)ppreciated18、A.interesting B.embarrassing C.enjoyable D.unbelievable19、A.pays B.costs C.gives D.means20、A.went B.got C.drove D.walkedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Tworecentstudieshavefoundthatpunishmentisnotthebestwaytoinfluencebehavior.Oneshowedthatadultsaremuchmorecooperativeiftheyworkinasystembasedonrewards.ResearchersatHarvardUniversityintheUnitedStatesandtheStockholmSchoolofEconomicsinSwedendidthestudy.TheyhadabouttwohundredcollegestudentsplayaversionofthegameknownasthePrisoner’sDilemma.Thegameisbasedonthetensionbetweentheinterestsofanindividualandagroup.Thestudentsplayedingroupsoffour.Eachplayercouldwinpointsforthegroup,sotheywouldallgainequally.Buteachplayercouldalsorewardorpunisheachoftheotherthreeplayers.HarvardresearcherDavidRandsaysthemostsuccessfulbehaviorprovedtobecooperation.Thegroupsthatrewardedthemostearnedabouttwiceasmuchinthegameasthegroupsthatrewardedtheleast.Andthemoreagrouppunisheditself,theloweritsearnings.ThestudyappearedlastmonthinthejournalScience.Theotherstudyinvolvedchildren.ItwaspresentedlastmonthinCaliforniaataconferenceonviolenceandabuse(虐待).Researchersusedintelligencetestsgiventotwogroups.Morethaneighthundredchildrenwereagedtwotofourthefirsttimetheyweretested.Morethansevenhundredchildrenwereagedfivetonine.Thetwogroupswereretestedfouryearslater,andthestudycomparedtheresultswiththefirsttest.Bothgroupscontainedchildrenwhoseparentsusedphysicalpunishmentandchildrenwhoseparentsdidnot.ThestudysaystheIQsoftheyoungerchildrenwhowerenotspankedwerefivepointshigherthanthosewhowere.Intheoldergroup,thedifferencewasalmostthreepoints.Themoretheyarespanked,theslowertheirmentaldevelopment.1、Whatdoweknowaboutthesecondstudy?A.Children'sIQshavemuchtodowithphysicalpunishment.B.Thestudyisaboutviolenceandcooperationofchildren.C.Thechildrentestedweredividedintogroupsoffour.D.Children'smentaldevelopmentonlyreliesontheirIQs.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spanked”referto?A.punishedB.blamedC.testedD.praised3、Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheBestWaytoCorrectMisbehaviorB.PunishmentIstheBestWayofEducationC.CooperationIstheMostSuccessfulBehaviorD.PunishmentorReward:WhichWorksBetteronBehavior?4、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Punishmentisthebestwaytoinfluencebadbehaviors.B.Theparticipantsinthefirststudyhavetherighttorewardorpunishothersinthegroup.C.theyoungerchildrenhaveahigherIQbecauseoftheirparents’educationallevel.D.Adultsaremuchmorecooperativethanchildren.Text2ThefourbestfilmsinChinainthefirstquarterof2018QuiteafewfilmsbothathomeandabroadhavebroughtawaveofheateddiscussionsontheInternetinthefirstthreemonthsof2018.Ifyou’relookingforsomegoodfilmstosee,herearesomerecommendations.Whilethesubjectsofthesefilmsaredifferent,theyallhavefascinatingstorylines,astar-studdedcastandthought-provokingthemes.Let’stakealookatthem.WonderCountry:UnitedStatesReleaseDate:Jan19,2018Genre:dramaStarring:JuliaRoberts,OwenWilson,andJacobTremblayDirector:StephenChboskyRecommendationIndex:★★★★★Onthethemeof“Weallaredifferentandwanttobetreatedwithkindness,”thefilmearnsitstugsattheheartstrings.Themoviewaspraisedbyaudiencesforhittingthesoftspotasaheartwarmingstorythatmanagestoavoidturningtoosentimental.ForeverYoungCountry:ChinaReleaseDate:Jan12,2018Genre:dramaStarring:ZhangZiyi,HuangXiaoming,WangLeehomDirector:LiFangfangRecommendationIndex:★★★★Thefilm,onceplannedasatributetomarkthecentenarycelebrationsofTsinghuaUniversityin2011,weavesfourstoriessetindifferenterastolookatthehistoryofthecollege.SecretSuperstarCountry:IndiaReleaseDate:Feb16,2018Genre:musicaldramaStarring:ZairaWasim,AamirKhanDirector:AdvaitChandanRecommendationIndex:★★★★Thefilmdealswithsocialissuesincludingfeminism,genderequalityanddomesticviolence.FromDangaltoSecretSuperstartothelatestcomedy-dramafilmBajrangiBhaijaan,IndianfilmshavedevelopedasolidfanbaseinChina.TheEx-File:TheReturnoftheExesCountry:ChinaReleaseDate:Dec29,2017Genre:romanticcomedyStarring:HanGeng,ZhengKaiDirector:TianYushengRecommendationIndex:★★★TheEx-File:TheReturnoftheExes,thefinaleofthehitromancefranchiseproducedbyHuayiBrothersandNewSaintFilmStudio,revolvesaroundbittersweetstoriesoftwoyoungbusinessmenwhobreakupwiththeirgirlfriends.Itisthefirstmoviein2018thathasachievedhugesuccessattheboxoffice.1、Whatdothefourfilmshaveincommon?A.Theyarelovestories.B.Theyarereleasedin2018.C.Theymakepeoplethinkdeeply.D.Theyarecomedies.2、Whichofthefourfilmsgainsthehighestratingscore?A.Wonder.B.TheEx-Files:TheReturnoftheExes.C.SecretSuperstar.D.ForeverYoung.3、Thefilmdealingwithgenderequalityis.A.starredbyJuliaRoberts,OwenWilsonandJacobTremblayB.a(chǎn)romanticcomedyC.themostsuccessfulatboxofficesD.producedbyIndiaText3MiniBookExcerpts(節(jié)選)BiographyWhenSalingerlearnedthatacarparkwastobebuiltontheland,themiddle-agedwriterwasshockedandquicklyboughttheneighboringareatoprotectit....Thetownspeopleneverforgottherescueandcametohelptheirfamousneighbor.J.D.
Salinger:A
LifebyKennethSlawenski(RandomHouse,$27)Mystery“You’reasmartboy.
Benny’sdeathwasnoaccident,andyou’retheonlywhosawithappen.Doyouthinkthemurderershouldgetawaywithit?”Theboywasstartingstubbornlyathislapagain.A
thoughtsuddenlyoccurredtoAnnika,“Didyou…Yourecognizedthemaninthecar,didn’tyou?”Theboyhesitated,twistinghisfingers,“Maybe,”hesaidquietly.RedWolfbyLizaMarklund(AtriaBooks,$25.99)ShortStoriesShewantstosaytohimwhatshehaslearned,noneofitinclass.Somewomenarebornstupid,andsomewomenaretoosmartfortheirowngood.Somewomenareborntogive,andsomewomenonlyknowhowtotake.
Somewomenlearnwhotheywanttobefromtheirmothers,somewhotheydon’twanttobe.
Somemotherssuffersotheirdaughterswon’t.
Somemotherslovesotheirdaughterswon’t.YouAreFreebyDanzySenna
(RiverheadBooks,$15)HumorDoyourkidsliketohavefun?CometoFun
Times!Doyouliketowatchyourkidshavingfun?BringthemtoFunTimes!FunTimes!’s“amusementcycling”isthemostfunyoucanhaveintheUnitedStatesrightnow.WhyspendthousandsofdollarsflyingtoDisneyWorldwhenyoucanspendlessthanhalftothatwithinaday’sdrivelfmostcities?HappyAndOtherBadThoughtsbyLarryDoyle(Ecco,$14.99)1、WhatdidSalingerdoforhistown?A.Hebuiltacarpark.B.Hetriedtoprotectitsland.C.Hewrotesomegoodnovels.D.Herescuedmanytownspeople.2、Thebook
YouAreFreeismainlyabout.A.smartchildrenB.happydaughtersC.differentwomenD.sufferingmothers3、Whichbookshouldreaderschoose,iftheywanttoknowsomethingaboutFunTimes?A.RedWolf.B.YouAreFree.C.J.D.Salinger:ALife.D.HappyAndOtherBadThoughts.Text4Afreshlybakedrollisasdelightfulasasoft,lightcloudonasummer'sday.Whatgivesbreadmuchofitsappealingtextureisgluten,agroupofproteinsfoundinwheat.Butinpeoplewithceliacdisease(乳糜瀉),glutendamagesthesmallintestine(腸).Manyothersmayhavemilderglutenintoleranceandavoidfoodsthatcontainit.Mostgluten-freebreadismadefromalternativeflourssuchasriceorpotato,soittastesandfeelsdifferentfromwheatbread.Now,however,researcherssaythattheyhavefoundawaytogeneticallyengineerwheatthatcontainsfarlessofthemosttroublesometypeofgluten—butstillhasotherproteinsthatgivebreaditscharacteristictasteandspringiness.Geneticallymodifiedcropsarethesubjectoffiercedebatearoundtheworld.ThebiggestconcerninvolvesthepracticeofinsertingDNAfromonespeciesintoanother,saysFranciscoBarro,aplantbiotechnologist.Toavoidthisgeneticcrossover,Barroandhiscolleaguesusedthegene-editingtechniqueCRISPR/Cas9tocutselectedgenesfromawheatgenome(基因組).Theirstudyzeroedinonalpha-gliadins(α-膠質(zhì)蛋白),glutenproteinsbelievedtobewheat’smajortroublemakersintheimmunesystem.Theresearchersdesignedbitsofgeneticmaterialthatdirectedthescissor-likeCas9proteintocutout35ofthe45alpha—gliadingenes.WhenthemodifiedwheatwastestedinaPetridish,itproducedan85percentweakerimmuneresponse,theteamreportedonlinelastSeptemberinPlantBiotechnologyJournal.WendyHarwood,acropgeneticistattheJohnInnesCenterinEngland,whowasnotpartofthestudy,notesthattheengineeredwheathasalongwaytogobeforeitcanbeturnedintoanythingmarketable.“Idon’tthinkit'stheendofthestory.”shesays.“Thisisjustareallyimportantstepinmaybeproducingsomethingthatisgoingtobeincrediblyuseful.”Todevelopacompletelysafestrainofwheatforceliacpatients,theresearchersmayneedtotargetmoreoftheglutengenes.Barrosayshisteamisworkingonthat.1、What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Makinggluten—freebread.B.Advantagesofgluten-freewheat.C.Debateaboutgeneticallymodifiedcrops.D.Developinggeneticallyengineeredwheat.2、Whyisbreadmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toadvertiseanewstudy.B.Toraisethetopictobewrittenabout.C.Toprovidesomeadviceforthereaders.D.Topopularizesomeinformationaboutmedicine.3、Whatconcernspeoplemostaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Geneticcrossover.B.Gene-editingtechnique.C.ThepracticeofusingDNA.D.Thesubjectoffiercedebate.4、What’sWendyHarwood’sattitudetowardsengineeredwheat?A.Alittlealarmed.B.Mildlysurprised.C.Somewhatopposed.D.Cautiouslyoptimistic.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thesilentkiller—airpollutioncausessevenmillionpremature(過早的)1.(death)ayear,notjustin2.(develop)countriesbutalsoinUKandtheUSAaswellInChina,peoplearewellawareofthehealthproblemsitbringsIcheckeveryparteverydayIfithasheavyairpollution,IwillpreparemasksformyfamilyIdislike3.whentheairisbadBecausebadairmakesitdifficultformetobreatheandIthinkitdoesinfluencemy4.(perform)atworkAnewresearchinchinahasalsofoundalinkbetweenairqualityandlevelsofintelligenceInthestudy,25,000peoplelivingacrossChina5.(test)inlanguageandmathskillslastyearTheyfoundtheresultsofthose6.livedinmorepollutedareaswere7.(negative)impacted,especiallyinlanguagesItaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethatairpollutionhasaneffectnotjustonthelungsandheart8.onthebrainThisresearchshowsthatthelongerweareexposedtoairpollution,the9.(many)problemswe’restoringupforlaterlifeCampaignershopethisstudywillpersuadetheBritishgovernment10.(think)hardbeforeitpublishesitscleanairstrategynextyearMacwascyclingalongaroadWithaheavycampbag,hewasn'tmovingveryfastSuddenlyheheardloudbreathingbehindhim1.(look)tohisside,hewas2.(terrify)tofinditwasn'tadogbutawolfthatwasrunningafterhimHereached3.thesprayinthebagWithonehandonthehandlebar,hefireditAbrightredcolorcoveredthewolfanditfellbackshakingitsheadButaminute4.(late)itwasbyhissideagainHesprayed5.secondtime,thewolffallingbackagainbutonlytoquicklyrestart6.(it)attackThewolfwasgettingcloserMacwavedandyelledatpassing7.(motorist)butmeanwhilerodehardHeknewclearlyhemustbecarefulnottoslowdown8.(fortunate),PaulandBeckyweredrivingalongthesameroadwhentheyspottedthesceneTheydrovetowardMacWhenthecarwasinfrontofhim,MacjumpedoffthebikeanddashedforthebackdoorPaul9.(open)thedoorsoastoletMacinItwasquiteawhile10.MacbecamecalmandthankedthemSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Lastweektheelectricityinmyflatwentout.Ihadjustgothomefromworkandwashappilymakingmytea,whenallofasuddenIwassurroundedbycompletedarkness.Itried
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