湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州龍山縣2023年考研《英語一》巔峰沖刺試卷含解析

湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州龍山縣2023年考研《英語一》巔峰沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Hewas11yearsoldandwentfishingeverychancehegotfromthedockathisfamily’scabinonanislandinthemiddleofaNewHampshirelake.Onthedaybeforethebassseasonopened,heandhisfatherwerefishingearlyintheevening,1sunfishandperchwithworms.Thenhetiedonasmalllureandpracticedcasting.Thelure2thewaterandcausedcoloredripples(漣漪，細(xì)浪)inthesunset,then3ripplesasthemoonroseoverthelake.Whenhisfishingroddoubledover,heknewsomething4wasontheotherend.Hisfatherwatchedwith5astheboyskillfullyworkedthefishalongsidethedock.Finally,hecarefullyliftedthe6fishfromthewater.Itwasthelargestonehehadeverseen,butitwasabass.Theboyandhisfatherlookedatthehandsomefish,gills(鰓)playingbackandforthinthe7.Thefatherlitamatchandlookedatthewatch.Itwas10p.m.—twohours8theseasonopened.Helookedatthefish,thenattheboy.“You’llhaveto9,son.”hesaid.“Dad!”criedtheboy.“Therewillbeotherfish.”saidhisfather.“Notasbigasthisone.”criedtheboy.Helookedaroundthelake.Nootherfishermenorboatswereanywherearoundinthemoonlight.Helookedagainathisfather.Eventhoughnoonehadseenthem,10couldanyoneeverknowwhattimehecaughtthefish,theboycould11bytheclarityofhisfather’svoicethatthedecisionwasnotnegotiable(可協(xié)商的).Heslowlypulledthe12outofthelipofthehugefishand13itintotheblackwater.Thecreatureswisheditspowerfulbodyanddisappeared.Theboy14thathewouldneveragainseesuchagreatfish.Thatwas34yearsago.Today,theboyisasuccessfularchitectinNewYorkCity.Andhewasright.Hehasneveragaincaughtsuchamagnificentfish15theonethatwassetfreebyhimthatnightlongago.Buthedoesseethatsamefish16----everytimehe17againstaquestionofethics.For,ashisfathertaughthim,ethicsaresimple18ofrightandwrong.19isonlythepracticeofethicsthatisdifficult.Dowedorightwhennooneislooking?Wewould20weweretaughttoputthefishbackwhenwewereyoung.4251、A．catchingB．drawingC．trappingD．expecting2、A．metB．struckC．knockedD．a(chǎn)ttacked3、A．goldenB．silverC．blackD．blue4、A．lightB．slimC．smallD．huge5、A．decisionB．instructionC．a(chǎn)dmirationD．celebration6、A．livelyB．livingC．exhaustedD．dead7、A．moonlightB．sunC．windD．lake8、A．whenB．sinceC．a(chǎn)fterD．before9、A．pullitupB．speeditupC．putitbackD．bringitback10、A．notB．norC．a(chǎn)ndD．or11、A．receiveB．believeC．organizeD．tell12、A．wormB．hookC．boatD．match13、A．loweredB．liftedC．watchedD．changed14、A．expectedB．a(chǎn)dmittedC．complainedD．suspected15、A．thatB．whenC．a(chǎn)sD．because16、A．onceagainB．a(chǎn)gainandagainC．a(chǎn)llthetimeD．intheend17、A．comesupB．catchesupC．makesupD．ringsup18、A．informationB．a(chǎn)dviceC．mattersD．messages19、A．ItB．HeC．TherightD．Thewrong20、A．evenifB．thoughC．unlessD．ifSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1SallyDawlyisawomanfromAuburn,California.Overthelastthreeandahalfyears,theanti-litteringwomanhasspentmostofherfreetimepickingupcigarettebutts(煙頭)fromthestreetsofherhomecity.Calledthe“ButtLady”byherlocalcommunity,DawlybeganhermissiontoridthestreetsofhercityofcigarettebuttsinOctober,2014.Thewomanlookedforcigarettebutts,pickedthemupandthrewtheminthetrash.Tokeepacountofhowmanybuttsshepicksup,theButtLadyhasbeenusingatablet,andearlierthismonth,shehitahistoricmilestone—onemillioncigarettebutts.“Igottiredofgoingonmywalksandseeingcigarettebuttseverywhere,”SallyDawlysaid.“I’mjustshockedthatIhadtopickupsomany.I’veeverpickedup3,000buttsinoneday,”shesaid.“Don’tthrowawayyourbutts;betteryet,stopsmoking.”Withsomanycigarettebuttslitteringthestreets,canoneperson’seffortsreallymakeadifference?Surprisingly,theanswerseemstobeyes.SoonaftertheButtLadyofAuburnstartedhermissionandwordofhereffortsspread,cigarettecansstartedappearingaroundbarsandrestaurantsinthecity.Membersofthelocalcommunityevencameouttocheerheronassheapproachedherone-million-buttmilestone.Sallyknowshercity’scigarettebuttlitteringproblemwon’tbesolvedanytimesoon,butshehopesherworkwillinspirepeopletoatleastthinktwicebeforedroppingcigarettebuttsinthestreets.Shehasdecidedtocontinuecleaningupafterirresponsiblesmokers,andalreadyhasanewmilestoneinhersights—twomillioncigarettebutts.WordoftheButtLady’seffortstokeepthestreetscigarettebutt-freehasreachedneighboringcommunitiesaswell,andCBSSacramentoreportsthatothercitieshavestartedseekingherhelpaswell.1、WhydoesSallyDawlycarryaniPadwithherwhilepickingupthebutts?A．Toentertainthecrowds.B．Tomonitorthesmokers.C．Toattractpeople’sattention.D．Torecordthenumberofbutts.2、HowdidSallyDawlyfeelwhenpickingupcigarettebutts?A．Excitedbutupset. B．ShockedandsorryC．Frightenedbutcontent. D．Astonishedanddesperate.3、Fromthetext.whatcanbeinferredaboutSallyDawly?A．Shepicksupnearly3,000cigarettebuttseveryday.B．ShewillworkinothercitiesinCaliforniainthefuture.C．Shehassetanewgoalofpickinguptwomillioncigarettebutts.D．Shepickeduponemillioncigarettebuttswithmembersofhercommunity.4、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．California’s“ButtLady”.B．Fightingagainstsmoking.C．Californianshealthproblems.D．SmokingproblemsinCalifornia.Text2Flowersmakepeoplehappy.Andwhilethatmightseemobvious,therehasn’tbeenmuchresearchtoprovethepointuntilnow.SomenewstudiesbyRutgersUniversityscientistssupporttheideastrongly,andtheexpertsgoontoassumethatflowershaveflourishedonthisplanet,withtheirbeautyevolvinginrecentthousandsofyears,partlybecausehumansaresoattachedtothem.Inatest,bunchesofflowersweresentbyfloriststo113menandwomeninaretirementcommunity.All113gotflowersandanotebook,butsomegotthemearlierandreceivedasecondbunchwhentheothersgottheirs.Bynowyoucanguesstheoutcome.Themoreflowers,themoresmiles.Theresultsofthestudiesgotthescientiststothinkingabouthowtheflowerindustryoftodayhasevolvedintogrowingthingsthatservenootherpurposethanemotional(情感上的)satisfaction.Naturewon’tevenpollinate(授粉)manyofthedomesticatedflowers.Justamongroses,therearesomanytypescreatedbyhumansthat,clearly,flowersaren’twhattheyusedtobe.Butit’slikelyourcollectivehandhasplayedarolelongerthanyoumightthink.Geneticist(遺傳學(xué)家)TerryMcGuiresuggeststhatnature’sprettierflowersgottosurviveanddevelopwellbecausepeopledidn’tdestroythemwhentheyclearedforagriculture.Instead,theygrewthemandhavebeendoingsoforover5,000years.“Becausethey’reasourceofpleasure,wetakecareofthem.Inthatsensethey’relikedogs.Theyarethepetsoftheplantworld.”McGuiresays.Hereisonewaythatmighthaveworked:Manyspeciesofflowersthatarenowplantedusedtogrowonlywhenthegroundwasdisturbed,McGuireexplains.“Ashumansmovedintoagriculturalsettings,theseflowerswouldhavebeenweeds.”“Theseflowersmighthavebeentoleratedbecauseoftheirbeauty.Theseedswouldhavebeenpreservedandreplanted.Overtime,thebestoftheseflowersmighthavebeenselectedandtheseedsmorecarefullypreserved.”1、Theunderlinedword“theirs”probablymeans________.A．flowers B．notebooksC．flowersandnotebooks D．a(chǎn)secondbunchofflowers2、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?A．Wekeepdogsbecausetheymakeushappy.B．Peoplegrowflowersforthousandsofyears.C．Themoreflowerspeopleget,thehappiertheyare.D．Peopleleftalltheflowersalivewhenclearingland.3、AccordingtoTerryMcGuire,onepossiblewayofflowerevolutionis________.a.themostbeautifulflowerswerechosenb.peoplereplantedtheseedsoftheflowersc.flowerswerewildplantsatthebeginningd.peopleprotectedtheprettierflowerswhileclearinglandA．c,d,b,a, B．c,b,d,aC．c,d,a,b D．c,b,a,d4、Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．MoreFlowers,MoreSmiles B．Flowers:PetsofPlantWorldC．Human’sAffection&Flowers’Evolution D．Human’sLoveTowardsFlowersText3MovingsmoothlyandsilentlythroughAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd’sfuturistic“FlyZoo”hotel，blackdisc-shapedrobotsaboutametreinheightdeliverfoodanddropofffreshtowels．Therobotsarepartofasetofhigh-techtoolsthatAlibabasaysstronglycutsthehotel’scostofhumanlabourandeliminatestheneedforgueststointeractwithotherpeople．Formallyopenedtothepubliclastmonth，the290-roomFlyZooisanincubatorfortechnologyAlibabawantstoselltothehotelindustryinthefutureandanopportunitytoshowcaseitsprowessinartificialintelligence．ItisalsoanexperimentthattestsconsumercomfortlevelswithunmannedcommerceinChina．Insidethehotel，softly-litwhitepanelledwallsbringtomindtheinteriorsofHollywoodspaceships．Guestscheckinatpodiumsthatscantheirfaces，aswellaspassportsorotherID．VisitorswithaChinesenationalIDcanscantheirfacesusingtheirsmartphonestocheckinaheadoftime．Elevatorsscanguests’facesagaintoverifywhichfloortheycanaccessandhotelroomdoorsareopenedwithanotherfacescan．“It’sveryquickandsafe．Ihaven’tuseditmuchyet，butbasically，Icanbeinmyroominoneminute，”saidguestTracyLi．Liaddedthatsafetywasoneofherprioritiesandshewaspleasedherroomcouldonlybeenteredwithascanofherface．Intherooms，Alibaba’svoicecommandtechnologyisusedtochangethetemperature，closethecurtains，adjustthelightingandorderroomservice．Atthehotel’srestaurant，tallercapsule-shapedrobotsdeliverfoodthatguestshaveorderedviatheFlyZooappwhileataseparatebar，alargeroboticarmcanmixmorethan20differenttypesofcocktails．Facialrecognitioncamerasaddchargestotheroomrateautomatically．Thehoteldoesemployhumans，thoughAlibabadeclinedtodetailhowmany．Thisincludeschefsandcleanersaswellasreceptionstaff，whowillassistwithconventionalcheck-inproceduresforguestsunwillingtohavetheirfacesscannedandwanttouseelectronickeycards．1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminates”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Removes． B．Meets．C．Limits． D．Increases．2、WhydoesAlibababuildtheFlyZoo?A．Tocutthecostofconsumers．B．Tocompetewithotherhotels．C．Toexperimentitsartificialintelligence．D．Tomakesureofthesafetyofguests．3、WhatdistinctivefeaturedoestheFlyZoohave?A．Itdoesn’tneedwaitersandcooksintherestaurant．B．Itsrobotscanmixcocktailsandtakefoodtotheguests．C．Guestscanentertheroomquicklywithoutscanning．D．Voicecommandtechnologymeetsallneedsofguests．4、Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Conventionalthingsmustbeabolished．B．Artificialintelligencehasmanyadvantages．C．Personalinformationofguestsisconfidential．D．Humanscannotbereplacedcompletely．Text4Microsofthasdevelopedanewsmartphoneappthatinterpretseyesignalsandtranslatesthemintoletters,allowingpeoplewithmotorneuronediseasetocommunicatewithothersfromaphone.TheGazeSpeakappcombinesasmartphone’scamerawithartificialintelligencetorecognizeeyemovementsinrealtimeandconvertthemintoletters,wordsandsentences.ForpeoplesufferingfromALS（漸凍癥）,alsoknownasmotorneuronedisease,eyemovementcanbetheonlywaytheyareabletocommunicate.“Currenteye-trackinginputsystemsforpeoplewithALSorothermotorimpairmentsareexpensive,notrobustundersunlight,andinconvenienttooperateandcarry,”saidXiaoyiZhang,aresearcheratMicrosoftwhodevelopedthetechnology.“Toovercomethedrawbacks,wecreatedGazeSpeak,whichisdesignedtobelow-cost,robust,portableandeasytolearn.”Theappisusedbythelistenerbypointinghissmartphoneatthespeaker.Achartthatcanbestucktothebackofthesmartphoneisthenusedbythespeakertodeterminewhicheyemovementstomakeinordertocommunicate.Thestickershowsfourgridsofletters,whicheachcorrespondstoadifferenteyemovement.Bylookingup,down,leftorright,thespeakerselectswhichgridstheletterstheywantbelongto.Theartificialintelligencesystemisthenabletopredictthewordorsentencetheyaretryingtosay.Zhang’sresearch,Smartphone-BasedGazeGestureCommunicationforPeoplewithMotorDisabilities,issettobepresentedattheConferenceonHumanFactorsinComputingSystemsinMay.1、What’sthemajorfunctionofParagraph1?A．Toarousethereader’sconcern.B．Tosummarizethewholepassage.C．TostatehowGazeSpeakappworks.D．Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.2、TheGazeSpeakappisdesignedto.A．converteyemovementsintoletters,wordsandsentencesB．helpALSsuffererscommunicatewithothersC．useartificialintelligencetocontrolacameraD．beusedbythepeoplewhotalkwithALSsufferers3、TheGazeSpeakappisaneye-trackinginputsystemwhichis.A．expensiveB．inconvenientC．notrobustD．Portable4、Theartificialintelligencesystemisabletopredictthewordsby.A．selectingtherightlettersthrougheyemovementsB．pointingsmartphoneatthespeakerC．stickingacharttothesmartphoneD．showingfourgridsofletterstothelistenersPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Whilenoteveryonewillhavepondered(思索)thesubjectwhilestaringoutofthewindowduring1．flight,thequestionastowhyaeroplaneshavecircularwindowsratherthansquareonesisinterestingOvertheyears,aerospaceengineering2．(make)hugeleapsinaeroplanetechnology,meaningplanescancarry3．passengersandgofasterTheplaneshavealsochangedshapetoincreasesafety—includingthewindowsInthe1950s,4．jetlinerswerestartingtobecomemainstream,theDeHavillandCometcame5．fashionWithapressurisedcabin,itwasabletogohigherandfasterthanotheraircraft6．,theplanehadsquarewindowsandin1953twoplanesfellapartintheair,7．(kill)56peopleintotalThereasonforthe8．(crash)?Thewindows9．there’sacorner,there’saweakspotWindows,havingfourcorners,havefourpotentialweakspots,makingthemlikelytocrashunderstress—suchasairpressureBycurvingthewindow,thestressthatwould10．(eventual)crackthewindowcornerisdistributedandthelikelihoodofitbreakingisreduced語法填空Local1．（official）inBeijingpromisedtofurtherprotectthecity'sculturalheritage（遺產(chǎn)）,inparticularthenarrowstreetsknownashutongsHutongsare2．（common）foundinthecitiesofNorthChina,buttheyareindangerBeijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1,000hutongs,mostof3．a(chǎn)reneartheForbiddenCityOnly60yearsago,thenumberofthehutong4．（be）3,5．"Onaveragemorethan100,000peoplevisittheForbiddenCityduringtheNationalDayholidaysThevisitsputpressureonthe6．（protect）ofculturalrelics,"saidHuangYan,directoroftheBeijingMunicipalCommissionofUrbanPlanning,7．（add）thathutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumandamageThegovernmentconcentrated8．howtheprotectionplanswerecarriedoutandhowthemanagementofculturalheritageworkedWangShaofeng,headoftheXichengDistrictGovernment,saidtheareahas182culturalrelics,andmanyofthemwerebuiltasfarbackastheYuanDynasty（1271—1368）ThedistrictofXichenghas9．28millionresidentsin10．（it）57squarekilometersofland''Themostefficientwayistodecreasethelocalpopulationtoreducethepossibilityofcausingharmtotheheritage,"Wangsaid"Eachcommunityhasbeenrequired11．（report）thestatusofitsculturalheritage"Nooneknowsforsurehowmanyhutongs12．（leave）inthecoming100yearsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Youmaybemoreinterestedinaboxingoryogastudio.Ifyouareinterestedinvariety,you'llbebetteroffgoingwithalargercomplexthatmightcontainequipmentforsports,forexample.Paymoreattentiontotheimportanceofposition.1、Sopickasportthatfitsyoursensewhenavisitwouldtypicallyoccur.Thefitnessequipmentshouldbeclosetoyourhomeorworkplace.Whethertomakeitconvenientorinconvenientisoftenoneofthegreatestbarrierstosuccess.Takeadvantageoffreetrials.2、Duringyourvisit,youwanttothinkaboutthenumberofpeopleusingmachines,thefriendlinessofthestaff,andwhethershowersareofferedthere.3、Thetwoprimaryplacestocheckfordirtandstainareinthelockerroomandthecomersoftheworkoutrooms.Alsopayattentiontosmell.Makesurethereisawaytoeasilycleanequipment.Talkwithpersonnelaboutthebusiesttimesandthenumberofmembersusingthegymonatypicalday.4、Learnaboutmembershippackages,extrafeesandguestpassesforfriendsandfamily.Bythoughtfullyconsideringgymsandfitnesscenteryoucanensureyouwillactuallylikeyourchoiceanduseyourmembership.Consideringtherightaspectswillhelpyoupickgoodequipment.5、A．Makesureeverythingisclean.B．Theplacesshouldbecomfortabletouse.C．Goodhealthisofgreatimportancefo