高考英語復(fù)習(xí)單詞匯總1031（共七大類）清單

高中背單詞的秘密武器（一）break的短語breakaway(from)逃脫，掙脫，逃離?Shestartedcryingandtriedtobreakaway.breakdown①機(jī)器出故障；身體垮掉?ThecarbrokedownjustnorthofParis.②（談判/關(guān)系）失敗?Negotiationsbrokedownafteronlytwodays.③分解?Foodisbrokendowninthestomach.④（精神崩潰）禁不住哭出來?Shebrokedownintearswhensheheardthenews.⑤打破，消除（人與人之間的隔閡）?Gettingyoungpeopletogetherwillhelptobreakdownthebarriersbetweenthem.⑥拆分〔某事物〕，把〔某事物〕分成若干部分〔以方便做或理解〕?Thequestioncanbebrokendownintotwoparts.??breakdownn.①(汽車或機(jī)器的故障(②(談判/關(guān)系的)破裂,失?、鄯纸猗芫癖罎?Alwayscarryaphonewithyouincaseyouhaveabreakdownonthemotorway.?Hemovedawayafterthebreakdownofhismarriage.?thebreakdownofproteinsinthedigestivesystem蛋白質(zhì)在消化系統(tǒng)中的分解?Iwasworriedhemighthaveabreakdownifhecarriedonworkingsohard.breakin①打斷，插嘴?Ididn'twanttobreakinonhistelephoneconversation.②破門而入（breakinto）不加賓語?Thievesbrokeinandstole￡10,000worthofcomputerequipment.breakinto可以直接加賓語①破門而入?breakintothehouse②breakintolaughter/asong/applause突然笑起來/唱起來/鼓起掌來（burstinto）breakout〔不愉快之事〕爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生?IwasstilllivinginLondonwhenthewarbrokeout.breakthrough沖破，突破?Severaldemonstratorsbrokethroughthebarriersdespitewarningsfromthepolice.?Thesunbrokethroughataroundlunchtime.??breakthroughn.突破;重大進(jìn)展breakup①（使）破碎?Itseemsthattheplanejustbrokeupintheair.②（關(guān)系）破裂?Helosthisjobandhismarriagebrokeup.③分拆某物?Thereareplanstobreakthecompanyupintoseveralsmallerindependentcompanies.④驅(qū)散〔集會(huì)或抗議的人群〕?Governmentsoldiersbrokeupthedemonstration.（二）1.meanadj.①刻薄的?Itwasmeanofhimnottoinviteher②吝嗇的?He'stoomeantobuyapresentforhiswife.v.mean-meant-meant①意思是，表示…的意思:meansth.mean(that)…?Theredlightmeans'Stop'.?Imeanthatyoushouldworkharder.②意欲，打算?meantodosth?I'vebeenmeaningtoaskyouifyouwanttocomeforamealnextweek.③意味著mean(that)…meandoing?Thehighcostofhousingmeansthatmanyyoungpeoplecan'taffordtobuyahouse.?Thisnewordermeantworkingovertime.?meansn.單復(fù)數(shù)同形手段,方法,工具?meansoftransport交通工具?byallmeans當(dāng)然可以?bynomeans/notbyanymeans決不，一點(diǎn)都不2.settle①坐下;（使）處于舒適的位置?Thedogsettledonthegrasstoenjoyitsbone.?Shesettledherselfintoherchairandstarredtoread.②(使)平靜，(使)安定?Shebreatheddeeptosettlehernerves.③定居（于）?LuoYanandhiswifeandsonhavesettledinthebigcity,farawayfromtheirhometown.④結(jié)束，解決（爭論）?settleanargument⑤[常用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)〕確定；決定--WhendoyougotoAmerica?你什么時(shí)候去美國？--Nothing'ssettledyet.一切待定。⑥〔灰塵、雪等〕降落;〔鳥、昆蟲等〕停落⑦結(jié)清，結(jié)算?settleabill（三）1.disturbv.①干擾，打擾?Sorrytodisturbyou,butIhaveanurgentmessage.②弄亂，搞亂?Ipromisenottodisturbanything.②使焦慮；使不安?Whatdisturbsyoumostaboutthislatestdevelopment??disturbingadj.令人不安的，使人震驚的?adisturbingincreaseinthecrimerate令人不安的犯罪率的增長?disturbedadj.①不安的，煩惱的?Iwasdeeplydisturbedanddepressedbythenews.這消息使我深感不安和沮喪。②精神失常的，有精神病的?mentally/emotionallydisturbed2.regretv.后悔，遺憾→regretted,regretting①regrettodosth.對(duì)要做的事很遺憾?Iregrettotellyouthatyoufailedthetest.②regretdoing/havingdonesth后悔做了某事?Inowregretleavingschoolsoyoung.n.①havenoregretsaboutsth.對(duì)...不后悔②(much)toone'sregret(特別)令某人遺憾的是→regretful后悔的3.contentn.①contents[pl.]所容納之物；所含之物?Thecustomsofficialrummagedthroughthecontentsofhisbriefcase.海關(guān)官員把他公文包里的物品翻了個(gè)遍。?Shehadn'treadtheletterandsowasunawareofitscontents.她沒有看過那封信,所以對(duì)其內(nèi)容一無所知。②[sing.]〔尤指食物或飲料中某物質(zhì)的〕含量?thefatcontentofcheese干酪的脂肪含量adj.滿意的becontentwith對(duì)……感到滿意(besatisfied/pleasedwith)?Weshouldn’tbecontentwiththeachievementsalreadygained.我們不應(yīng)該滿足于已取得的成績。becontenttodosth.愿意/滿意做某事?WewerecontenttoseeourplayersachievingsomuchintheOlympicWinterGames.我們滿意地看到我們的運(yùn)動(dòng)員們?cè)诙瑠W會(huì)上取得如此大的成就。toone’sheart’scontent盡情地,心滿意足地?Iwasdelightedtobeabletoenjoymyfavouritedishestomyheart’scontent.v.使?jié)M意；使?jié)M足?Myapologyseemedtocontenthim.我的道歉好像使他感到滿意。（四）1.cover1).包括，包含?SecondaryschoolintheUSusuallycoverssevenyears,gradesixtotwelve.2).覆蓋?Themountainwascoveredwithsnow.3).蓋，遮?Coverthepotandbakeforanhour.4).走完…路程，看完…書?Theywerehopingtocover40milesyesterday.5).占地為?Thecitycovers25squaremiles.6).報(bào)道?Iwantourbestreporterssenttocoverthetrial.7).足夠支付?Theawardshouldbeenoughtocoverhermedicationfees.2.measure①v.測(cè)量;量②估量，衡量〔某物的重要性、價(jià)值或真正性質(zhì)〕【SYN】assess?Educationshouldn'tbemeasuredpurelybyexaminationresults.③link-v(指尺寸、長短、數(shù)量等)量度為【無被動(dòng)】?Itmeasures20yardsfromsidetoside.從這邊到那邊的距離為20碼。?Thenewbridge,measuringtwiceaslongastheoldone,wascompletedlastmonth.?Thepondmeasuresabout2metresacross.這個(gè)池塘寬約2米。n.措施takemeasurestodosth采取措施做某事（五）1.bringup①撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育(raise)②提出③嘔吐?Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.?Whydidyouhavetobringupthesubjectofmoney??Ihadasandwichforlunchandpromptly(立即，馬上)broughtitupagain.2.permitv.允許permit/allow/forbidsbtodosthpermit/allow/forbiddoingsth.weather/timepermitting天氣/時(shí)間允許的話?permission許可；準(zhǔn)許askpermission請(qǐng)求許可with/withoutpermission在某人的許可下/未經(jīng)某人的許可?Heenteredtheroomwithoutpermission.3.account①賬戶?ajointaccount②敘述，描述，報(bào)道?giveanaccountofsthtakesthintoaccount把某事考慮進(jìn)去?Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakemysuggestionsintoaccount.onaccountof因?yàn)?，由于onnoaccount絕不Onnoaccountshouldthesoldiersbeblamedforwhathappened.v.accountfor①占〔一定數(shù)量或比例〕?Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.②是…的原因；解釋，說明【SYN】explain?Canyouaccountforyourbehaviorsonthatnight?4.spotn.①點(diǎn)②地點(diǎn)，處所?ascenicspot風(fēng)景勝地③斑點(diǎn)，污點(diǎn)onthespot①立即，馬上;當(dāng)場(chǎng)?Hehadtomakeadecisiononthespot.②在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)?Weoughttofindouttheviewsofthepeopleonthespot.v.發(fā)現(xiàn)，注意到?Ispottedapolicecarbehindus.我發(fā)現(xiàn)有輛警車在我們后面。?Itcanbehardforevenatraineddoctortospotthesymptomsoflungcancer.即使是訓(xùn)練有素的醫(yī)生也很難看出肺癌的癥狀。?spotsbdoingsth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某事?Megspottedsomeonecomingoutofthebuilding.梅格看到有個(gè)人從大樓里出來。?bespottedwith散布;點(diǎn)綴?Thenightskyisspottedwithtwinklingstars.閃爍的星星點(diǎn)綴著夜空。?putsb.onthespot(故意提出難以回答或?qū)擂蔚膯栴})使某人難堪?Don’tputmeonthespotlikethis.YouknowIcan’tgiveyouconfidentialinformation.別這樣讓我為難,你知道我不能給你機(jī)密信息的。（六）1.turn的短語turnaround/round①轉(zhuǎn)過身來②轉(zhuǎn)變，好轉(zhuǎn)turnaway①打發(fā)走，驅(qū)逐②轉(zhuǎn)過臉去turnagainst變得敵視，反對(duì)turnback返回，轉(zhuǎn)回去turndown①調(diào)低②拒絕turnin上繳，上交(handin)turninto變成，成為turnoff/on關(guān)閉/打開turnone’sbackon①背對(duì)；②背棄,對(duì)……置之不理turnover①翻身②反復(fù)考慮③移交（權(quán)力）turnout①結(jié)果是②生產(chǎn)③關(guān)掉，熄滅turnto①向某人求助②開始使用③翻到…④變成，變得2.set的短語setdown①卸下②寫下serout①出發(fā),動(dòng)身②開始著手做setaboutdoing=setouttodo開始著手做setoff/outforsp.出發(fā)去某地setup建立establishset...free釋放…setfireto/set...onfire放火燒setanexampleto給…樹立榜樣setsthaside省出，留出（錢或時(shí)間）besetin以…為背景setoff①出發(fā)，動(dòng)身②引起，激發(fā)③引發(fā)〔爆炸〕④觸響〔警報(bào)系統(tǒng)〕3.servev.①提供/端上飯菜servefoodtosb②為...服務(wù)servesb③(在部隊(duì))服役serveinthearmy④服刑，坐牢serveafour-yearsentence?servesbsth.servesthtosb.用...招待某人?serveas充當(dāng)，擔(dān)任?Thesofacanserveasabed.4.benefitn.①好處，益處，裨益?beofbenefit(tosb)②補(bǔ)助金，福利;保險(xiǎn)金?familiesonbenefit領(lǐng)救濟(jì)金的家庭③慈善音樂會(huì)/義演/義賽?abenefitconcertforfaminereliefbeof(great)benefitto對(duì)……(很)有益tosb.’sbenefit對(duì)某人有利vt.使受益benefitsb?Inmyopinion,studentscanbenefitalotfromdoingsomehousework.vi.得益于,得利于benefitby/from得益于?beneficialadj.有利的,有用的bebeneficialto...對(duì)……有益（七）1.die短語dieof(disease/hunger/grief/oldage)死于（疾病，饑餓，寒冷，情感原因）diefrom死于（意外事故、情形）dieaway漸漸消逝dieout滅絕，絕種diedown逐漸變?nèi)?，逐漸減低dieoff相繼死去2.reservevt.①保留；保存；儲(chǔ)備?Opportunitiesarealwaysreservedforthosewhoareprepared.機(jī)會(huì)總是留給有準(zhǔn)備的人。?I'llreservemyjudgmentuntillfindalltheevidence.在找到所有證據(jù)之前我將保留忘見。②預(yù)訂(book):?reservearoom/seat/ticket預(yù)訂房間/預(yù)訂座位/訂票?I'dliketoreserveatableforfiveateighto'clock.我想預(yù)訂一個(gè)八點(diǎn)鐘供五人用餐的桌位。?reservationn.保留；預(yù)定n.①【常用復(fù)數(shù)】儲(chǔ)備?oil/gold/fuel/foreign-currencyreserves石油/黃金/燃料/外匯儲(chǔ)備?Ittookmylastreservesofstrengthtomakeadashforthefinishline．我用盡了最后一點(diǎn)力氣沖向終點(diǎn)。②[C]（野生動(dòng)植物的）保護(hù)區(qū)(AmEpreserve)anature/game/wildlifereserve自然保護(hù)區(qū)/禁獵區(qū)/野生動(dòng)植物保護(hù)區(qū)3.sensitiveadj.①容易生氣的,敏感的【OPP】insensitivebesensitiveabout對(duì)……很在意的/容易生氣的?Hewasverysensitiveabouthisscarandthoughteveryonewasstaringathim.他對(duì)自己的傷疤很敏感,以為每個(gè)人都在盯著他看。②體貼的,善解人意的besensitiveto對(duì)……敏感的/體恤的?I’msensitivetotheneedsofthedisabled.我能夠明白殘疾人的需要。③敏感的,易受影響的,過敏的besensitiveto對(duì)……敏感的/過敏的?Olderpeopletendtobeverysensitivetocold.老年人一般對(duì)寒冷都很敏感。He’ssensitiveandratherserious,whichsometimesmakeshimappeartobealittlebooki