第6講 副詞【要點精講+專項演練】中考英語語法專項突破

中考英語語法全面精講第6講、副詞副詞：用來說明事情發(fā)生的時間、地點、原因、方式等含義或說明其它形容詞或副詞程度的詞叫做副詞。1、副詞的分類：(見下表)時間副詞頻度副詞地點/方位副詞程度副詞方式副詞疑問/連接副詞其他副詞today,tomorrow,once,here,there,very,too,well,how,too,also,yesterday,now,twice,home,below,enough,hard,where,nor,so,then,early,late,always,anywhere,rather,quite,alone,when,as,on,off,once,soon,just,usually,above,outside,how,so,fast,why,either,tonight,long,often,in,inside,out,much,just,together,whetheryes,no,already,yet,before,sometimesback,up,down,nearly,onlysuddenly,however,etc.not,neitherago,later,eversincenever,away,off,far,almost,hardly,形+-ly結(jié)尾的副詞關系副詞maybe,after,whenever(seldom),near,nearby,aslongas等,where,perhaps,first,someday,ever,wherevereven,all,why,howcertainly,sometime,last,everywhere,alittle,abitwhen,2、副詞在句子中的位置以及作用：⑴HYPERLINK\l"副詞在句子中的位置以及作用"作狀語：時間副詞：一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在動詞的前面。如：WewillvisittheGreatWalltomorrow.(我們明天要去參觀長城)TheyhavealreadybeentotheUKtwice.(他們?nèi)ミ^英王國兩次)Soonthelostboyfoundhiswaybackhome.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路)頻度副詞：一般放在be動詞之后或者助動詞與主要動詞之間,但sometimes、often等還可以放在句首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、threetimes等一般放在句尾。如：SometimesIgetupearly.(我有時起得早)Theworkersusuallyhavelunchatthefactory.(工人們通常在廠里吃午飯)Takethismedicinetwiceaday.(這種藥一天吃兩次)Ialwaysgetupearly,soIamneverlateforschool.方式副詞：一般放在行為動之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或動詞之前。如：Oldpeoplecanhardlywalkasquicklyasyoungpeople.(老年人幾乎不可能走得和年輕人一樣快)Suddenlyhesawalightinthedarkcave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看見了一絲亮光)地點副詞：一般放在句尾,但here、there還可放在句首。如：Thereyoucanseethousandsofbikesrunninginalldirections(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上萬的自行車朝各個方向流動)Thefrightenedwolfranaway.(受到驚嚇的狼逃開了)Hewalkedoutquietlyandturnedbacksoon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回)程度副詞：修飾動詞時,放在動詞之前；修飾形容詞或副詞時,放在形容詞或副詞之前。但注意,enough總是放在被修飾的形容詞或動詞的后面；only位置比較靈活,總是放在被修飾的詞的前面。如：Inearlyforgotallaboutitifhedidnottellmeagain.(如果他不再次告訴我,我?guī)缀醢涯鞘氯?ItwassostrangethatIcouldhardlybelievemyears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵)Shegottothestationearlyenoughtocatchthefirstbus.(她早早地趕到車站趕上了首班車)疑問副詞：用于對句子的狀語進行提問,位置總是在句首。如：Whenandwherewereyouborn?(你何時何地出生？)WhydidlittleEdisonsitonsomeeggs?(小愛迪生為什么要坐在雞蛋上？)Howdoyoudo?(你好！)連接副詞：用來引導主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句,在從句中作狀語。HowIamgoingtokillthecatisstillaquestion.(我打算怎樣殺死那只貓還是個問題)Thatiswhyeveryoneisafraidofthetiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因)Hewonderedhowhecoulddoitthenextday.(他不知道第二天怎樣做那事)關系副詞：用來引導定語從句,在從句中作狀語。如：ThisistheplacewhereMrZhangoncelived.(這就是張先生曾經(jīng)住過的地方)PleasetellmethewayhowyouhavelearnedEnglishsowell.(請告訴我你的英語是怎樣學得這么好的方法)其它副詞：too“也”,用在句尾；also放在動詞前；either“也不”,放在句尾；nor“也不”,放在句首；so“如此,這樣”,放在形容詞、副詞前；on/off“開/關”放在動詞之后；not放在be之后、助動詞之后、不定式或動名詞之前；maybe/perhaps放在句首；certainly放在句首或動詞之前。如：HewenttothePalaceMuseumandIwentthere,too.(他去了故宮博物院,我也去了)Maybeyourticketisinyourinsidepocket.(也許你的票就在你的里邊衣袋里)--Tomdoesn’thaveacomputer.–NordoI.(湯姆沒有計算機,我也沒有。)作表語：地點副詞一般可以作表語,放在be等連系動詞之后,說明人物所處的位置。如：I’mverysorryheisn’tinatthemoment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownfornearly20years.(我離開家鄉(xiāng)有將近20年了)Jimisoverthere.(吉姆就在那邊)作定語：時間副詞(如now、then)以及許多地點副詞都可以作名詞的定語,放在名詞的后面。如：Peoplenowoftenhavetheirfestivaldinnersatrestaurants.(現(xiàn)在的人們經(jīng)常在餐館里吃節(jié)日晚宴)Womentherewerelivingaterriblelifeinthe1920s.(在二十世紀20年代那兒的女人過著可怕的日子)作賓語補足語：地點副詞一般可以作賓語補足語。如：Putyourdirtysocksaway,Jim!Theyaregivingoutbadsmell!(吉姆,把你的臟襪子拿開！它們在散發(fā)著臭氣。)/Fatherkepthiminanddoinghislessons.(父親把他關在家里做作業(yè))[注意]“動詞+副詞”的賓語如果是代詞,則該副詞應該放在代詞之后。如：Hewrotedowntheword.(他寫下了那個詞。)→Hewroteitdown.(他把它寫了下來。)時間副詞思維導圖時間副詞頻度副詞頻度副詞方位副詞副詞方位副詞副詞程度副詞程度副詞方式副詞方式副詞其他副詞其他副詞副詞練習1．—

doyouusuallygotoschool,Mary?—Bybike.A.

When

B.

How

C.

Where

D.

Why2．Lucylikesstayingathome.She______goestravelingduringholidays.A.

usually

B.

seldom

C.

always

D.

often3．Miss

Li

speaks

as

____

as

she

can

to

make

her

students

understand

her.A.

clearly

B.

moreclearly

C.

most

clearly

D.

the

most

clearly4．Boysandgirls,pleaselistentome_______.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.A.

carefully

B.

careless

C.

careful

D.

carelessly5．—

arethestudentsinyourclass?—Mostofthemareonlyfourteen.A.

Howlong

B.

Howold

C.

Howmany

D.

Howoften6．—How

is

Susan?

—Oh,

I

see

her

because

she

lives

abroad.

A.

always

B.

often

C.

almost

D.

hardly7．Bettyfeltsotiredlastnightthatshe____________fellasleepinbedafterlyingdown.A.

recently

B.

suddenly

C.

frequently

D.

immediately8．—Thefishtastes_______,wehaveeatenitup.—Itiscertainthatshecookedit_________.A.

good,well

B.

well,good

C.

well,well

D.

good,good9．Ilostmyticket,but_________thetravelagentgavemeanotherone.A.

actually

B.

firstly

C.

luckily

D.

Exactly10．—Tina,breakfastisready.Dadcookeditforus.—Itcan'tbefather.He______earlyonSundays.A.

alwaysgetsup

B.

oftengotup

C.

hadgotup

D.

nevergetsup11．Don'tworry,sir.I'msureIcanrun_________tocatchupwiththem.A.

fastenough

B.

enoughfast

C.

slowlyenough

D.

enoughslowly12．—David,couldyoutellme_________theOlympicstakeplace?—Everyfouryears.The32stOlympicswilltakeplaceinTokyoin2020.A.

howfar

B.

howlong

C.

howmuch

D.

howoften13．—_______doyoulikethefilm?—Veryinteresting.A.

How

B.

Who

C.

What

D.

When14．—Ididn'tknowyoutakeabustoschool.—Oh,I

takeabus,butitissnowingnow.A.

hardly

B.

never

C.

sometimes

D.

usually15．—________haveyoubeeninJinan?—Since2008.A.

Howlong

B.

Howoften

C.

Howsoon

D.

Howfar參考答案1．—

doyouusuallygotoschool,Mary?—Bybike.A.

When

B.

How

C.

Where

D.

Why【答案】B【解析】句意：——瑪麗你通常如何去上學？——騎車。根據(jù)答句中Bybike可知問句是在問交通方式，應使用how，故選B。2．Lucylikesstayingathome.She______goestravelingduringholidays.A.

usually

B.

seldom

C.

always

D.

often【答案】B【解析】句意:露西喜歡呆在家里。假期里她很少去旅游。A.通常;B.很少;C.總是;D.經(jīng)常。由她的性格“喜歡呆在家”可以推測出她假期宅在家里，不去旅游。故選B。3．Miss

Li

speaks

as

____

as

she

can

to

make

her

students

understand

her.A.

clearly

B.

moreclearly

C.

most

clearly

D.

the

most

clearly【答案】A【解析】句意：李老師盡可能地講清楚以使得她的同學們聽懂她。A.clearly清楚地；B.moreclearly更清楚地；C.mostclearly最清楚地；D.themostclearly最清楚地。as…as…：和……一樣……，表示同級比較，其中的形容詞、副詞要用原形形式。故選A。4．Boysandgirls,pleaselistentome_______.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.A.

carefully

B.

careless

C.

careful

D.

carelessly【答案】A【解析】句意：同學們，請認真聽我說，我有重要的事情告訴你們。A.carefully細心地，仔細地，副詞；B.careless粗心的，形容詞；C.careful細心的，形容詞；D.carelessly粗心地，副詞。我有重要的事情要講，可以推測出要“仔細地聽”，修飾行為動詞listen用副詞形式，故選A。5．—

arethestudentsinyourclass?—Mostofthemareonlyfourteen.A.

Howlong

B.

Howold

C.

Howmany

D.

Howoften【答案】B【解析】考查疑問詞辨析。句意：—你們班的學生多大了？—他們中的大多數(shù)只有十四歲。Howlong多久，對一段時間提問；Howold多大，對年齡提問；Howmany多少，對可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量提問；Howoften多久一次，對動作的發(fā)生頻率提問。結(jié)合答語，所以選B。6．—How

is

Susan?

—Oh,

I

see

her

because

she

lives

abroad.

A.

always

B.

often

C.

almost

D.

hardly【答案】D【解析】句意：----蘇珊怎么樣？-----奧！我?guī)缀跻姴恢驗樗趪饩幼　.always

一直；B.often經(jīng)常；C.almost幾乎；D.hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)答語because

she

lives

abroad.（她住在國外）可知幾乎見不到她，用hardly。故選D。7．Bettyfeltsotiredlastnightthatshe____________fellasleepinbedafterlyingdown.A.

recently

B.

suddenly

C.

frequently

D.

immediately【答案】D【解析】句意：昨天晚上貝蒂感到很累以致于躺下之后立刻睡著了。根據(jù)Bettyfeltsotiredlastnightthatshe可知躺下后立刻睡著了。recently最近；suddenly突然；frequently經(jīng)常地；immediately立刻，馬上，故選D。8．—Thefishtastes_______,wehaveeatenitup.—Itiscertainthatshecookedit_________.A.

good,well

B.

well,good

C.

well,well

D.

good,good【答案】A【解析】句意:一魚嘗起來不錯。我們把它吃光了。一肯定她煮得好。taste嘗起來，是連系動詞，連系動詞后用形容詞作表語，cook是行為動詞，修飾行為動詞要用副詞形式。good只是形容詞，well作為形容詞僅指“身體好”，同時well還是副詞。故選A。9．Ilostmyticket,but_________thetravelagentgavemeanotherone.A.

actually

B.

firstly

C.

luckily

D.

Exactly【答案】C【解析】句意：我把票弄丟了，但是幸運的是，旅行代辦人又給了我一張。本題考査副詞的用法。actually實際上；firstly首先；luckily幸運地；exactly準確地。根據(jù)句意和關鍵詞another，選擇C項。10．—Tina,breakfastisready.Dadcookeditforus.—Itcan'tbefather.He______earlyonSundays.A.

alwaysgetsup

B.

oftengotup

C.

hadgotup

D.

nevergetsup【答案】D【解析】alwaysgetsup總是起床；oftengotup經(jīng)常起床；hadgotup已經(jīng)起床；nevergetsup從來不起床。句意：蒂娜，早飯已經(jīng)準備好了。爸爸給我們做的?！豢赡苁歉赣H。他在周日從來不起床。故選D?！军c評】考查短語辨析11．Don'tworry,sir.I'msureIcanrun_________tocatchupwiththem.A.

fastenough

B.

enoughfast

C.

slowlyenough

D.

enoughslowly【答案】A【解析】考查enough修飾副詞放在副詞后。句意：不要擔心，先生。我相信我能夠跑得足夠快能夠追上他們。此題考查enough修飾形容詞，副詞放形容詞副詞之后，根據(jù)句意，故選A。12．—David,couldyoutellme_________theOlympicstakeplace?—Everyfouryears.The32stOlympicswilltakeplaceinTokyoin2020.A.

howfar

B.

how