外研版英語必修四講義Module2TrafficJam5SectionⅤWritingWord版含答案

SectionⅤWriting反映問題的文章eq\a\vs4\al()文體感知反映問題類作文總體上屬于說明文，描述問題應(yīng)該注意以下幾個(gè)方面：1．所描述的問題應(yīng)該是值得關(guān)注的。2．文章的整體時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主，因?yàn)槲恼滤硎龅氖墙诨蜷L期以來困擾人們的問題。3．文章一般采用三段式：首先簡單描述問題；然后說明問題產(chǎn)生的原因及后果；最后提出解決問題的方法。提建議時(shí)應(yīng)分清主次，逐條列出。eq\a\vs4\al()增分佳句1．Whatistheproblemwith...?2．Nowadays,thereexistsaserioussocial/economic/environmentalproblem...3．Withthedevelopmentofthemoderntechnology，privatecarsarepopularwithordinarypeople.4．Notonlyhastheairbeenpolluted，butalsotrafficaccidentshaveincreasedgreatly.5．Itiswellknownthatthemaincauseofroadaccidentsisdrunkdrivingandspeeding.6．Whatisthesolutiontotheproblem?7．Therearereasonsfor...Firstofall，...Secondly，...Thirdly，...8．Inviewof...，measuresmustbetakentosolvethisproblem.9．Weshouldthinkofwaystosolvetheproblem.10．Itishightimefor...todo...eq\a\vs4\al()寫作模板Withtherapiddevelopmentof________(工業(yè)或汽車制造業(yè)),moreandmorecarshavebeenproducedinthepastyears.Manycitizensarewillingto________(擁有汽車)．However,thebadthingisthat________(點(diǎn)出主題)．Mysuggestionsareasfollows.Firstly,ifpossible,wecanwidenstreetsby________(拓寬車道)．Secondly,buildmore________(停車場或停車位),whichcan________(緩解交通擁堵)．Finally,thecitizensshould________(乘坐公共交通工具)．Ifwefollowthesesuggestions,wecanlightenthetrafficpressureandavoidtrafficjams.eq\a\vs4\al()寫作要求在2019年度中國堵城排行榜中，北京市位居第一。假如你是李華，針對(duì)交通堵塞問題，你給市長寫一封信，提出自己的建議。要點(diǎn)如下：1．私家車增多和司機(jī)的違規(guī)行駛造成交通堵塞；2．提出具體的解決辦法；3．希望市長予以答復(fù)。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：混亂chaos車道lane停車場parkingloteq\a\vs4\al()審題謀篇體裁說明文時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主題介紹交通擁堵人稱第三人稱結(jié)構(gòu)首段：引出寫信的目的；中段：分析造成交通擁堵的原因；尾段：提出解決交通擁堵的建議eq\a\vs4\al()詞匯推敲1．提出一些建議 give/makesomesuggestions2．目前 now/nowadays/atpresent3．……的數(shù)量 thenumberof...4．鼓勵(lì)某人做某事 encouragesb.todosth.5．盼望 lookforwardtoeq\a\vs4\al()遣詞造句1．完成句子①目前交通擁堵已經(jīng)變成了一個(gè)主要問題。Atpresent,trafficjamshavebeeamajorproblem．②該問題我們城市里的絕大多數(shù)人每天都會(huì)面對(duì)。Thisproblemisfacedbymostpeopleofourcityeveryday.③另外，一些司機(jī)不遵守交通規(guī)則，這導(dǎo)致了交通混亂。What’smore,somedriversdisobeytrafficrules,anditresultsintrafficchaos.④如果您能考慮我的建議我將非常感謝。Iwillthankyouifyoucouldtakemysuggestionsintoconsideration．2．句式升級(jí)⑤用定語從句合并句①和句②Atpresent,trafficjamshavebeeamajorproblemwhichisfacedbymostpeopleofourcityeveryday.⑥用分詞短語作狀語升級(jí)句③What’smore,somedriversdisobeytrafficrules,resultingintrafficchaos.⑦用高級(jí)詞匯appreciate和形式賓語句式升級(jí)句④Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemysuggestionsintoconsideration.eq\a\vs4\al()妙筆成篇________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：DearMayor，I’mwritingtogivesomesuggestionstoimproveourcity’stransportation.Atpresent,trafficjamshavebeeamajorproblemwhichisfacedbymostpeopleofourcityeveryday.Thenumberofprivatecarshasbeenincreasing.What’smore,somedriversdisobeytrafficrules,causingtrafficchaos.Alltheseoftenresultintrafficjams.Inmyopinion,measuresmustbetakentosolvethisproblem.First,thegovernmentshouldencouragepeopletousepublictransportmoreandatthesametimelimitprivatecars.Second,morelanesandparkinglotsshouldbebuilt.Third,it’sveryimportanttoeducatethepublictoobeytrafficrules.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemysuggestionsintoconsideration.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely，LiHua最近，你班同學(xué)圍繞“HowtoSolvetheProblemofHeavyTraffic”這一話題進(jìn)行了激烈的討論，請將討論結(jié)果寫成一篇英語短文。要點(diǎn)如下：交通擁堵的原因：人多、車多、人們遵守交通規(guī)則的意識(shí)淡薄。建議：1．建設(shè)更多寬闊的道路，開辟更多的公交線路；2．減少使用私家車，多乘坐公共交通工具，提倡步行或騎自行車；3．遵守交通規(guī)則，不亂穿馬路。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右(首段已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。HowtoSolvetheProblemofHeavyTrafficAlmosteverycityhasabigtrafficproblem.Today,ourclasshaveadebateabouthowtosolveit.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion:HowtoSolvetheProblemofHeavyTrafficAlmosteverycityhasabigtrafficproblem.Today,ourclasshaveadebateabouthowtosolveit.Therearemanyreasonsfortrafficjams.Tostartwith,avastpopulationleadstoheavytraffic.Thesecondreasonistheincreasingnumberofvehicles,especiallyprivatecars.Thelastbutnotleastreasonisthatsomepeopledon’trealizetheimportanceofrespectingtrafficrules.Todealwiththisproblem,somestudentssuggestthatweshouldbuildmorewideroads.Othersinsistonofferingmanymorebusroutinestoimprovetransport.Someoneelsethinksweshouldwalkorridethebikemoreinsteadofdrivingcars.Andpedestriansshouldobeytrafficrulesandnotcrosstheroadataredlight.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．(2018·北京卷)Inanyunsafesituation,simplypress(press)thebuttonandahighly－trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.2．OurEnglishteacherisill.Let’sgoandseehimafterschool,shallwe?3．Onemoreweek,andIwillgeteverythingready.4．Youhavefailedtwotests.Workharder,oryouwon’tpasstheexam.5．(四川卷)Ifyouhaveajob，dodevote(devote)yourselftoitandfinallyyou’llsucceed.6．Pleasedomeafavor—invite(invite)myfriendMr.SmithtoYouthTheaterat7：30tonight.7．Gostraightonandyouwill__see(see)amuseum.Youwon’tmissit.8．Turn(turn)downtheradioalittle—thebabyissleeping.9．—Alice,feedthebirdtoday,willyou?—ButIfedityesterday.10．Knock(knock)atthedoorbeforeyouentermyroom,please.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)閱讀理解Supposeyoudon’tneedyourcartoday.Andsuppose,asithappensthatastrangerinyourareadoesneedacar.Wouldyoubewillingtorentyoursout?Severalcar－sharingstart－ups,includingGetaround,RelayRidesandJustShareIt,areeagertoconnectcarownerswithrentersthisway.Thepanieshavedifferentrules,butparticipatingownersreceive,generallyspeaking,abouttwo－thirdsoftherentalearnings.RelayRidessaysanownerofamid－size,late－modelsedanwhorentsoutacarfor10hoursaweekcouldexpecttoclearabout$3,000ayear.Peer－to－peercar－sharingremainsinthetrialstage;itcanbefoundinSanFranciscoandafewotherplaces.IthasalongwaytogobeforeitbeestheautoequivalentofAirbnb,thesurprisesuccessstoryforpeer－to－peersharingofspaceinapartmentsandhouses.ShelbyClark,founderofRelayRides,sayspotentialinvestorsinhispanyhavebeenconcernedthatownerswillbeafraidtohandtheircarovertostrangers.Toaddressthat,hepointstoAirbnb,saying，“Lettingpeoplesleepinyourlivingroomismuchmoreofadisturbanceintoyourpersonalspacethanlettingsomeoneuseyourcar.”Allofthesepaniesoffertheirowninsurancecoveragefortheirrenters,whicharesupposedtoputowners’mindsatease.Butonlytwostates—CaliforniaandOregon—havepassedlawstoclarifythatanownerwillnotsufferanyconsequencesshouldacar－sharingrenterhaveanaccident.“Inalltheotherstates,legalambiguityremains，”ShelbyClarksays.“Ifarentershouldbeinvolvedinaseriousaccidentinthosestates,thevictimcanbeexpectedtogoaftereverypartypossible,includingthecar’sowner.”Alsotoremovetheworriesofcarowners,thedrivingrecordsofrentersarecheckedforrecentseriousviolations.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文講述了共享汽車公司創(chuàng)立的原因及共享汽車的規(guī)則。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sedan”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A．Akindofcar.B．Anownerofacar.C．Arentingpany.D．Acar－sharingrenter.A解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前面的“anownerofamid－size,late－model”及畫線詞后面的“whorentsoutacar”可推知，這里指的是“一種中型、新型的小汽車”，所以答案為A項(xiàng)。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofAirbnb?A．Itcareslittleaboutpersonalprivacy.B．Itdealswithhouse－sharingsuccessfully.C．Itisaverypopularcar－sharingpany.D．Itsideasarebeingtriedoutinsomestates.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“beforeitbeestheautoequivalentofAirbnb,thesurprisesuccessstoryforpeer－to－peersharingofspaceinapartmentsandhouses”可知，Airbnb是一家成功進(jìn)行房屋共享的公司，故答案為B項(xiàng)。3．Ifacar－sharingrentershouldhaveanaccidentinCalifornia,thecar’sowner________．A．hastotakelegalresponsibilityB．willnotsuffertheconsequenceC．isnotcoveredbyhealthinsuranceD．mustpaytheinsurancefortherenterB解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中的“Butonlytwostates—CaliforniaandOregon—havepassedlawstoclarifythatanownerwillnotsufferanyconsequencesshouldacar－sharingrenterhaveanaccident.”可知，在California和Oregon兩個(gè)州，如果租用者出了事故，車主是不會(huì)受到任何影響的，故答案為B項(xiàng)。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)語法填空OnahotsummerdayIwastravelingdownthehighwaytoLosAngeles.Duringmytravelanotherdriversuddenlystartedmergingintomylane.Beinginthefarrightlane,mycar1.____________(force)ontotheshoulderoftheroad.Beingaprofessionaldriver,Imanaged2.____________(drive)mycarbackontothehighwaywithoutanaccident.WhileIwasn’tveryhappywiththepersonforcuttingmeoff,Iconsideredit3.____________honestmistake.Adriverlostinagooddaydream.Itcertainlycouldnot4.____________(be)afriendlyact.Thecar5.____________(speed)awayaftercuttingmeoffandsoonwasoutofsight.Afterawhile,Ifoundthesamedriveronthesideoftheroad.Hewasanoldgentlemanwhowaswalkingalongthesideoftheroadonthishotday.Withnocallboxinsightandthe6.____________(near)servicesbeingatleasttwentymilesaway,Idecidedtostopandseewhattheproblemwas.Theman’scarhadaflattireand7.____________hehadasparetire,hehadnoinstrument.Idecidedtohelphim8.____________changinghistireforhimandallowedhimtositinmyair-conditionedcarwhileIchangedhistire.Fifteenminutes9.____________(late),Iwashot,sweatyanddirty,butI10.____________feelgood.【解題導(dǎo)語】作者開車去洛杉磯的途中，看到有人超車并險(xiǎn)些釀成一起車禍。但是后來作者發(fā)現(xiàn)這名司機(jī)的車爆胎了，還是停車幫了他一把。1．wasforced解析：句意：我的車行駛在最右邊的車道上，因此被迫撞上了路肩。beforcedtodosth.被迫做某事。2．todrive解析：句意：作為一名專業(yè)的司機(jī)，我成功地把車重新開到了高速路上，沒有釀成車禍。managetodosth.“成功做某事”。3．a(chǎn)n解析：此處為泛指，故用不定冠詞，且honest的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故用an。4．havebeen解析：句意：這肯定不是一種友好的行為。此處表示對(duì)過去事情的推測，且為否定，應(yīng)該用“couldn’thavedone”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“肯定沒有做過某事”。5．sped解析：句意：這輛車超車后加速離開了，很快就不見了蹤跡。根據(jù)語境可知，此處用一般過去時(shí)。6．nearest解析：句意：視線內(nèi)沒有公用亭，最近的服務(wù)站至少有20英里遠(yuǎn)，我決定停下車來看看出什么事情了。near近的，nearest為最高級(jí)，意為“最近的”，符合語境。7．while/although/though解析：句意：這個(gè)人的車爆胎了，雖然他有備胎，但是他沒有工具。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，while,although和though均可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。8．by解析：句意：我決定幫他一把，為他換輪胎……。設(shè)空處表示方式，介詞by符合語境。9．later解析：late遲的，晚的；later隨后，以后，后來；fifteenminuteslater15分鐘以后。10．did解析：設(shè)空處后為動(dòng)詞原形而不是過去式，由此可推斷出此處用助動(dòng)詞對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，根據(jù)全文用一般過去時(shí)可知用did。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅳ)短文改錯(cuò)Thismorningmyparentstookmysisterandmetothezoo.Atthenoonwehadapicniconthegrass.Ieattoomuch,soIcouldn’tfinishmysandwich.AsIdidn’tknowwhattodowithit,Iaskedmysisterforadvices.Shepointedatthenotice,thatsaid,“Nolitter.”Andsheaskedmethrowthesandwichintothelitter-basket.JustthenIsawanelephantingslowtowardsus.Suddenlyanideacameintohermind.IcouldfeedtheelephantbymysandwichandIdidsointheend.Seenthis,mysistersmiledandsaid,“Whatcleveryouare！”答案：Thismorningmyparentstookmysisterandmetothezoo.Ateq\o(the,\s\up0(＼))noonwehadapicniconthegrass.Ieq\f(eat,ate)toomuch,soIcouldn’tfinishmysandwich.AsIdidn’tknowwhattodowithit,Iaskedmysisterforeq\f(advices,advice).Shepointedatthenotice,eq\f(that,which)said,“Nolitter.”Andsheaskedmeeq\o(\s\up7(∧,to))throwthesandwichintothelitter-basket.JustthenIsawanelephantingeq\f(slow,slowly)towardsus.Suddenlyanideacameintoeq\f(her,my)mind.Icouldfeedtheelephanteq\f(by,with/on)mysandwichandIdidsointheend.eq\f(Seen,Seeing)this,mysistersmiledandsaid,“eq\f(What,How)cleveryouare！”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅴ)書面表達(dá)假如你是李華，你所在的城市開展了“文明交通月(RoadCivilityMonth)”活動(dòng)，給城市交通帶來了很大的變化。請你以“GreatChanges”為題，給校報(bào)英語專欄寫一篇英文稿件。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下：1．開展“文明交通月”活動(dòng)前后的變化；2．你的感想。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：行人pedestrian人行橫道pedestriancrossing_____________________________________________________________________________________________________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