小升初英語語法大全

目錄20676_WPSOffice_Level1小升初英語語法大全 214259_WPSOffice_Level1一、名詞 221730_WPSOffice_Level1二、冠詞 417870_WPSOffice_Level1三，數(shù)詞 57758_WPSOffice_Level1四、代詞 617653_WPSOffice_Level1五、形容詞、副詞 827329_WPSOffice_Level1六、介詞 928038_WPSOffice_Level1七、動詞 111127_WPSOffice_Level1八、there/herebe結(jié)構(gòu) 1812073_WPSOffice_Level1九、some，any的用法 2014819_WPSOffice_Level1十、動詞不定式 2111550_WPSOffice_Level1十一、動名詞 2315331_WPSOffice_Level1十二、時間和日期的表達 2411813_WPSOffice_Level1十三、名詞所有格 2513279_WPSOffice_Level1十四、句子的種類 279378_WPSOffice_Level1十五、時態(tài) 3017970_WPSOffice_Level1I_____go_____jointhem. 3722763_WPSOffice_Level1北京市小升初英語專練—名詞 39440_WPSOffice_Level1一、單項選擇 3920184_WPSOffice_Level1北京市小升初英語專練—代詞 454495_WPSOffice_Level11.--Who‘ssingingoverthere？ 452325_WPSOffice_Level1小升初英語語法復(fù)習(xí)要點 4927057_WPSOffice_Level1一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則 498133_WPSOffice_Level1二、一般現(xiàn)在時 4911643_WPSOffice_Level1三、現(xiàn)在進行時 493446_WPSOffice_Level1四、一般將來時 5018275_WPSOffice_Level1五、一般過去時 5027763_WPSOffice_Level1六年級英語語法知識匯總 519066_WPSOffice_Level1一、詞類： 5128670_WPSOffice_Level1二、否定句： 5418956_WPSOffice_Level1三、一般疑問句。 5432754_WPSOffice_Level1四、特殊疑問句。 5518364_WPSOffice_Level1五、祈使句 5521214_WPSOffice_Level1六、時態(tài) 5527946_WPSOffice_Level1七、Have、Has和Therebe結(jié)構(gòu) 57413_WPSOffice_Level1小升初英語語法歸納：特殊定語從句 62小升初英語語法大全一、名詞表示某一事物，有具體的和抽象的之分。分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。強調(diào)：不可數(shù)名詞都默認為單數(shù)，所以總是用is或者was；最好不要根據(jù)some、any、alotof等詞去作判斷，以免受誤導(dǎo)。1、可數(shù)名詞如何變―復(fù)數(shù)形式‖：a．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds；讀音：清輔音后讀[s]，濁輔音和元音后讀[z]。b．以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches；讀音：[iz]。c．以―輔音字母+y‖結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries；讀音：[z]。d．以―f或fe‖結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives，thief-thieves；讀音：[z]。e．以―o‖結(jié)尾的詞，分兩種情況1）有生命的+es讀音：[z]如：mango-mangoestomato-tomatoeshero-heroes2)無生命的+s讀音：[z]如：photo-photosradio-radiosf.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese2、不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)。如果要計算不可數(shù)名詞所表達的數(shù)量，就得在數(shù)詞和不可數(shù)名詞之間加上―量詞+of‖。例如：aglassofwater,apieceofpaper,abottleofjuice判斷步驟：↗如是am、is或was→原形讀句子→讀該單詞→認識該單詞→理解意思→看be動詞

↘如是are或were→加s或es練一練：1、寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)。I_________him_________this_______her______watch_______mango_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________dress________tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______engineer______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______leaf_______people________2、用所給名詞的正確形式填空。（1）Aretheretwo————(box)onthetable?（2）Icanseesome————(people)inthecinema.（3）Howmany(day)arethereinaweek?（4）Here’refive(bottle)of(juice)foryou.（5）This—————(violin)ishers.Those————(grape)areoverthere.二、冠詞冠詞是一種虛詞，不能獨立使用，通常放在名詞的前面，分為―不定冠詞‖和―定冠詞‖兩種。1、不定冠詞：a、an。用在單數(shù)名詞前，表示―一個，一件……‖。an用在以元音―音素‖開頭的單詞前。如：ane-mail,anorange,anoldman,anEnglishwatch,anhour…2、定冠詞：the。用在單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。the沒有具體意思，有時翻譯為這、那。它的基本用法：（1）用來表示特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。如：Themaponthewallisnew.（2）表示說話者雙方都知道的人或事物。如：Lookatthepicture,please.（3）表示再次提到前面談過的人或事物。如：Thisisastamp.Thestampisbeautiful.（4）用在表示世界上獨一無二的事物前。如：thesun太陽themoon月亮theearth地球（5）用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。如：theGreatWall長城（6）用在江河、湖海等專有名詞前。如：theChangjiangRiver長江（7）此外，序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級、樂器名稱等詞前面和一些習(xí)慣用語中一般都用定冠詞the。如：thefirstday,thebestboy,playthepiano,inthesameclass確定用a、an還是the時可根據(jù)漢語意思。練一練：1、用a或an填空。____―U‖____ice-cream____goalkeeper____teapot____apple____office____Englishbook____umbrella____unit____hour2、根據(jù)需要，填寫冠詞a，an或the。（1）Whois____girlbehind____tree?（2）____oldmanhastwochildren,____sonand____daughter.（3）Thisis____orange.____orangeisLucy’s.（4）Helikesplaying____guitar.Wehave____samehobby.（5）Weallhad____goodtimelastSunday.（6）Shewantstobe____doctor.三，數(shù)詞我們學(xué)過兩類：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?；鶖?shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少，而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序，常在日期中出現(xiàn)。區(qū)別：基數(shù)詞前面沒有―the‖；序數(shù)詞前一定要有―the‖。1、超過二十以上的兩位數(shù)需要在個位和十位之間加上―-‖。如：21twenty-one2、三位數(shù)以上的則需要在百位數(shù)后再加上and。如：101a/onehundredandone3、用基數(shù)詞來修飾可數(shù)名詞時，一定別忘了它的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：十八個男孩eighteenboys4、用基數(shù)詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞時，如是復(fù)數(shù)，變它的量詞為復(fù)數(shù)。如：兩碗米飯twobowlsofrice5、序數(shù)詞一般加―th‖，特殊的有：first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth以及二十及二十以外的整十：twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth…―第幾十幾‖：前面整十不變，后面―幾‖改為序數(shù)詞。如：88eighty-eighth練一練：1、請翻譯下列短語。（1）60名學(xué)生（2）15本英語書（3）九杯涼水（4）4個孩子（5）12月31（6）6月2日（7）第九周（8）40年前（9）11+7（10）上學(xué)第一天2、把下列基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞。onetwothreeninefourteentwentythirty-fiveeighty-one四、代詞代詞有兩種：人稱代詞和物主代詞。1、人稱代詞分為：第一、第二、第三人稱，且有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語，一般用在動詞前（疑問句除外）；賓格在句中做賓語，多用于動詞、介詞后。3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用，后面一定要跟名詞，表示該名詞是屬于誰的。4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如：Thisismybag.=Thisismine.Thatisherruler.=Thatishers.一般看后面有沒有名詞，如有，就用形容詞性物主代詞；如無，就用名詞性物主代詞。請牢記下表：單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代詞形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs練一練：1、按要求寫出相應(yīng)人稱代詞。I（賓格）_______she（形容詞性物主代詞）_______we（名詞性物主代詞）_______he（復(fù)數(shù)）_______us（單數(shù)）_______theirs（主格）_______its（賓格）_______2、想一想，把下表補充完整。人稱代詞物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱meusour第二人稱youyou第三人稱hethemhistheirheritits3、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1）Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I)2）Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)3）Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)4）_________ismybrother.________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)5）_________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_________?(you)6）Show_________yourkite,OK?(they)7）Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_________.(it)8）Arethese________tickets?No,________arenot_________.________aren’there.(they)9）Shall_________havealookatthatclassroom?Thatis_________classroom.(we)10）_________ismyaunt.Doyouknow_________job?_________isanurse.(she)11）Whereare_________?Ican’tfind_________.Let’scall_________parents.(they)12）Don’ttouch_________._________isnotacat,_________isatiger!(it)13）_________sisterisill.Pleasegoandsee_________.(she)14）Thegirlbehind_________isourfriend.(she)五、形容詞、副詞1、形容詞表示某一事物或人的特征，副詞表示某一動作的特征。形容詞和副詞有三種形式：原形、比較級、最高級。比較級：+er最高級：the…+est兩個重要特征：as……as中間一定用原形，than的前面一定要+er。2、形容詞、副詞比較級的規(guī)則變化如下：（1）一般直接+er。如：tall-taller,fast-faster單音節(jié)詞如果以-e結(jié)尾，只加-r。如：late-later（2）重讀閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個輔音字母，須雙寫這個字母，再加-er。如：big-bigger,fat-fatter（3）以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i，再加-er。如：heavy-heavier,early-earlier（4）雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級應(yīng)在原級前加more構(gòu)成。如：beautiful-morebeautiful,careful-morecareful,quietly-morequietly,interesting-moreinteresting（5）有些不規(guī)則變化的，須逐一加以記憶。如：good/well–better,bad/ill–worse,many/much–more,far–farther/further,old–older/elder…練一練：1、寫出下列形容詞、副詞的比較級。biggoodlongtalloldshortthinheavyyoungfatlightstronghighfarlowearlylatewellfastslow2、用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)Icanswimas_______(fast)asthefish,Ithink.2)Look!Hishandsare_______(big)thanmine.3)Ithinkyoudothesethings_______(well)thanyourclassmates.4)Whosebagis_______(heavy),yoursormine?5)DoesJimrunas_______（slow)asDavid?Yes,butMikeruns_______(slow)thanthem.6)Youhavesevenbooks,butIhave_______(many)thanyou.Ihaveten.7)Ijump_______(far)thansomeoftheboysinmyclass.8)I’mvery_______(thin),butshe’s_______(thin)thanme.9)Itgets_______and_______(warm)whenspringcomeshere.六、介詞1、一種虛詞。不能單獨作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的賓語一起構(gòu)成介詞短語，才能在句子中起作用。有：in,on,under,with,behind,about,near,before,after,for,to,up,down,from,infrontof,outof,from…to…,atthebackof…2、表示時間的介詞有：at,on,in。（1）at表示―在某一個具體的時間點上‖，或用在固定詞組中。如：atteno’clock,at9:30a.m.,atnight,attheweekend…（2）on表示―在某日或某日的時間段‖。如：onFriday,onthefirstofOctober,onMondaymorning…（3）in表示―在某一段時間（月份、季節(jié)）里‖。如：intheafternoon,inSeptember,insummer,in2005…3、in一詞還有其他的固定搭配，如：inblue（穿著藍色的衣服），inEnglish（用英語表達），takepartin（參加）。練一練：1、選用括號內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1)What’sthis_______(at,on,in)English?2)Christmasis_______(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.3)Theman_______(with,on,in)blackisSuHai’sfather.4)Hedoesn’tdowell_______(at,on,in)PE.5)Lookatthosebirds_______(on,in)thetree.6)Wearegoingtomeet_______(at,on,in)thebusstop_______(at,on,in)halfpastten.7)Isthereacat_______(under,behind,in)thedoor?8)Helen’swritingpaperis_______(in,infrontof)hercomputer.9)Welive_______(at,on,in)anewhousenow.10)Doesitoftenrain_______(at,on,in)springthere?2、圈出下列句子中運用不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，并將正確的答案寫在橫線上。1)JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.2)Thefilmswereinthegroundjustnow.3)Theyaretalkingtotheirplans.4)HowmanystudentshavetheirbirthdaysonMay?5)Women’sDayisatthethirdofMarch.6)Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.7)Didyouwatertreesatthefarm?8)CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish?9)IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.10)WhatdidyoudoontheSpringFestival?七、動詞這里所說的動詞是指各種動詞總稱，其中包括be動詞、情態(tài)動詞、助動詞、行為動詞（就是我們平時總說的那種動詞）。動詞、名詞和形容詞不太容易區(qū)分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法：先用―一（量詞）‖（如：一個、一張等）和這個詞連起來說，如說得通，一般認為是名詞；說不通再用―很‖去判斷，就是把―很‖和為個詞連起來說，說得通一般就是形容詞；都說不通就是動詞。（目前我們學(xué)過的，以后可能不同）（另外一些很明顯的，如人稱代詞、數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動詞等一下就可以知道）1、be動詞（am,is,are,was,were）1）am—was,is–was,are--were口訣：我用am,你用are,is用在他她它，所有復(fù)數(shù)全用are。2）肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.3）一般疑問句AmIaChinese?Yes,youare.No,youaren’t.AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.4）be動詞的否定形式：amnot（沒有縮寫形式），arenot=aren’t，isnot=isn’t。用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動詞填空。練一練：1、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1）I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not.2）Thegirl______Jack'ssister.3）Thedog_______tallandfat.4）Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.5）______yourbrotherintheclassroom?6）How_______yourfather?7）MikeandLiuTao______atschool.8）Whosedress______this?9）Whosesocks______they?10）Who______I?11）Thejeans______onthedesk.12）Here______ascarfforyou.13）Here______somesweatersforyou.14）Theblackgloves______forSuYang.15）Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.16）Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.17）Sometea______intheglass.18）Gaoshan'sshirt_______overthere.19）Mysister'sname______Nancy.20）______DavidandHelenfromEngland?21）There______agirlintheroom.22）There______someapplesonthetree.23）_______thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?24）There_______somebreadontheplate.25）You,heandI______fromChina.26）There_______aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.2、助動詞（do,does,did）do,does用于一般現(xiàn)在時，其過去式did用于一般過去時。它們通常用在疑問句和否定句中。它們的否定形式：donot=don’t,doesnot=doesn’t,didnot=didn’t。注意：在一般現(xiàn)在時中，does用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其余一律用助動詞do；助動詞do,does,did后面一定要用動詞原形。練一練：1、用適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦釉~填空。1)______youlikethismagazine?2)Thegirl______likebreadforbreakfast.3)What______she______attheweekends?Sheusuallyplaysgameswithherfriends.4)Wha______youdolastSunday?Iwrotetomyfriend.5)DidyouseeaBeijingopera?No,I______.6)He______notvisitafarmlastNationalDayholiday.7)They______notlikeplayingvolleyball.8)______JimhaveapicnicwithhisfamilyeverySaturday?Yes,he.9)______HelenandYangLinggotoschoolonfooteveryday?10)Howmanykites______wehave?Wehaveten.2、找出下列句子中的錯誤，將序號填入題前括號內(nèi)，并改正。()1)DidyouhadabiglunchwithyourfamilylastSpringFestival?A.DidB.hadC.with()2)Whatdotheboyhaveinhispencil-box?Hehasarubber.A.doB.haveC.has()3)Theydoesn’tlikethefilm.A.doesn’B.likeC.film()4)DoJimgetupatsixeveryday?A.DoB.getC.everyday()5)Don'tgivingtheballtoLiuTao.A.Don'tB.givingC.to3、情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞也是一類特殊的動詞，平時我們不把它說成是動詞。情態(tài)動詞可以和行為動詞同時出現(xiàn)在同一個句子中。我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)過的情態(tài)動詞有：can、could、shall、should、will、would、may、might、must。注意：情態(tài)動詞后動詞總是用原形。（不受其他任何條件影響）其否定形式：cannot=can’t,mustnot=mustn’t,…注意：maynot和shallnot（無縮寫形式）練一練：選擇填空。()1)Thesignonthewallmeansyou______stayawayfromthebuilding.A.mustB.can’tC.shouldn't()2)Howmanybooks______youseeonthedesk?A.mayB.canC.should()3)Itmeansyou______makenoiseinthelibrary.A.shouldB..shouldn'tC.can()4)______youlikeaglassofmilk?Yes,please.A.MayB.CouldC.Would()5)______youseethesignoverthere?Sorry,Ican’t.A.CanB.Can’tC.Should()6)______wegototheparkbybus?A.MayB.MustC.Shall4、行為動詞就是我們平時上課時說的動詞，表示某一動作或行為。如：sweep、live等。行為動詞我們已學(xué)過它們的四種形式：原形、第三人稱單數(shù)+s/es、現(xiàn)在分詞（也叫動名詞）+ing、過去式+ed。（1）動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則：A、一般直接加―s‖，如：play–plays,visit–visits,speak–speaks；B、以―s‖，―x‖，―sh‖，―ch‖結(jié)尾時，加―es‖，如：catch–catches,watch–watches；C、以―輔音字母+y‖結(jié)尾時，變―y‖為―i‖再加―es‖，如：carry–carries,study–studies。（2）現(xiàn)在分詞（動名詞）構(gòu)成規(guī)則：A、一般直接加―ing‖，如：go–going,do–doing,look–looking；B、以不發(fā)音的―e‖結(jié)尾的單詞，去―e‖加―ing‖，如：take–taking,make–making,have–having；C、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，如末尾只有一個輔音字母，需要雙寫這個字母再加―ing‖，如：put–putting,stop–stopping,run–running,get–getting,swim–swimming,sit–sitting,begin–beginning,jog–jogging,forget–forgetting。（3）過去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則：A、一般直接加―ed‖，如：plant–planted,visit–visited,pick–picked；B、以不發(fā)音字母―e‖結(jié)尾，直接加―ed‖，如：like–liked,hope–hoped,taste–tasted；C、以―輔音字母+y‖結(jié)尾時，變―y‖為―i‖再加―ed‖，如：try–tried,carry–carried,study–studied；D、有些動詞要雙寫最后一個字母，再加―ed‖，如：stop–stopped；E、還有很多動詞的過去式是不規(guī)則的，請記憶：是-am(be)-was-being；是-are(be)-were-being；是-be-was,were-being；成為-become-became-becoming；開始-begin-began-beginning；彎曲-bend-bent-bending；吹-blow-blew-blowing；買-buy-bought-buying；能-can-could；捕捉-catch-caught-catching；選擇-choose-chose-choosing；來-come-came-coming；切-cut-cut-cutting；做-do,does-did-doing；畫-draw-drew-drawing；飲-drink-drank-drinking；吃-eat-ate-eating；感覺-feel-felt-feeling；發(fā)現(xiàn)-find-found-finding；飛-fly-flew-flying；忘記-forget-forgot-forgetting；得到-get-got-getting；給-give-gave-giving；走-go-went-going；成長-grow-grew-growing；有-have,has-had-having；聽-hear-heard-hearing；受傷-hurt-hurt-hurting；保持-keep-kept-keeping；知道-know-knew-knowing；學(xué)習(xí)-learn-learned,learnt-learning；允許，讓-let-let-letting；躺-lie-lay-lying；制造-make-made-making；可以-may-might；意味-mean-meant-meaning；會見-meet-met-meeting；必須-must-must；放置-put-put-putting；讀-read-read-reading；騎、乘-ride-rode-riding；響、鳴-ring-rang-ringing；跑-run-ran-running；說-say-said-saying；看見-see-saw-seeing；將-shall-should；唱歌-sing-sang-singing；坐下-sit-sat-sitting；睡覺-sleep-slept-sleeping；說-speak-spoke-speaking；度過-spend-spent-spending。練一練：1、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。drink__________go____________stay__________make__________look__________have_________pass__________carry__________come___________watch__________plant_________fly________study________brush_________do___________teach____________take__________see__________2、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。put__________give__________fly_________get________dance________sit_________run________plant_________take___________swim_________ask___________stop__________take_________write__________have__________smoke_________think__________want__________tell__________3、寫出下列動詞的過去式。is\am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance________worry___________ask________taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do________4、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（1）I______toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.Mybrotheroften_______toschoolwithme.Yesterdaywe_______toschooltogether.Welike________toschoolverymuch.(go)（2）Theyusually_______lunchathome.Butlastweek,they____lunchatschool.(have)（3）That______myEnglishbook.It_____new.Butnowit_____nothere.It______thereamomentago.(be)（4）Mysisterlikes________verymuch.Sheoften_______atourschoolfestival.Lastterm,she_______alotofsongsintheschoolhall.She_____beautifully.(sing)（5）What_____heusually______onSunday?Heusually______hishomework.Look!He__________hishomeworknow.______he_______hishomeworklastSunday?Yes,he_______.(do)（6）Dopeopleusually_______mooncakesatMid-autumnFestival?Yes,theydo.Didyou_______mooncakeslastMid-autumnFestival?Yes,Idid.I_______alotofdeliciousmooncakes.(eat)八、there/herebe結(jié)構(gòu)1、therebe結(jié)構(gòu)表示―某時、某地存在著什么事物或人‖，包括thereis、thereare、therewas、therewere。herebe結(jié)構(gòu)與它類似，用法也完全相同，只不過是表示―這里存在著什么事物或人‖。2、和have、has、had的區(qū)別：（1）Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）；而have、has、had表示：某人擁有某物。（2）在therebe句型中，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞用is；主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞用are；如有幾件物品，be動詞根據(jù)最近be動詞的那個名詞決定——―就近原則‖。（3）therebe句型的否定句在be動詞后加not,一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。（4）therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has)表示某人擁有某物。（5）some和any在therebe句型中的運用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑問句。（6）and和or在therebe句型中的運用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑問句。（7）針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語？Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語？（8）針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：What’s+介詞短語？（9）Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)一般用在句子的開頭，而have等詞只能用于某一個主語后面。練一練：1、用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動詞填空。1)There______fourseasonsinayear.2)There______notanytreestwoyearsago.3)______thereapostofficenearyourschool?Yes,there______.4)Howmanystops______there?There______onlyone.5)There______notanystampsontheenvelope.6)______thereanybirdsinthetree?7)There______ashoppingcentrenearourschoollastyear.Butnowthere______noone.8)There______onlythreeofus:mydad,mymumandme.9)Here______somebreadforyou.10)InNewYork,there______alotofraininspring.2、選用―have,has,had,thereis,thereare,therewas,therewere‖填空。1)I______agoodfatherandagoodmother.2)______atelescopeonthedesk.3)He______atape-recorder.4)______abasketballintheplayground.5)They______anicegarden.6)Myfather______astory-booklastyear.7)______areading-roominthebuilding?8)WhatdoesMike______?9)______anybooksinthebookcase?10)Howmanystudents______intheclassroom?11)______astory-bookonthetableamomentago.12)Whatdoyou______?13)Myparents______somenicepictures.14)______somemapsonthewall.15)______amapoftheworldonthewall.16)David’sfriends______sometents.17)__________manychildrenonthehill.九、some，any的用法some用于肯定句；any用于否定句和一般疑問句。請注意看例句后擴號中說明的用法。例：Thereissomewaterintheglass.（肯定句）Therearesomeflowersinthegarden.（肯定句）Therearen’tanylampsinthestudy.（否定句）Arethereanymapsonthewall?（一般疑問句）Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?（希望得到肯定回答）Doyouwanttotakeanyphotosattheparty?（一般疑問句）練一練：選用some或any填空。1)Thereisn’t______milkinthefridge.2)Icansee______cars,butIcan’tsee______buses.3)Hehas______friendsinEngland.4)Werethere______fruittreesonthefarm?5)Hereare______presentsforyou.6)DoesTomwanttotake______photos?7)Isthere______riceinthekitchen?8)Thereare______newbuildingsinourschool.9)Wouldyoulike______cakes?No,I’dnotlike______cakes,butI’dlike______coffee.10)Arethere______picturesonthewall?No,therearen’t______pictures.十、動詞不定式1、to加動詞原形構(gòu)成一種非謂語形式，在這里不是介詞，無詞義。如：IwanttomakeaNewYearcard.我想制作一張新年賀卡。Wouldyouliketohaveapicnicwithus?你愿意和我們一起去野餐嗎？2、to保留原來動詞的一些特征，它可以帶自己的賓語和狀語等。如：Togettherefaster,youcantakebusNo.5.想快一點到那兒，你可以坐5路車。3、to前有時帶疑問詞what,when,where,which,why,how等。如：He’saskingYangLinghowtogetthere.他正在問楊玲怎樣到達那里?？偠灾?，一定要記住：to后面用動詞原形。練一練：1、用擴號中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)Peoplewouldlike________(go)tofarmsinthecountryside.2)It’stime________(have)lunch3)Iwant________(buy)somepresentsformyfriends.4)Thethiefbegan________(run).5)Pleaseshouwmehow________(go)totheshoppingcentre.6)Wouldyoulike________(join)us?7)Don’tforget________(write)―HappyNewYear‖.8)Shewasveryglad________(see)them.9)Pleaseremember________(close)thewindowsbeforeyougohome.10)I’msorry________(hear)that.2、圈出下列句子中的錯誤，并改正。1)Wouldyoulikegocampingwithus?2)Helen,showuxhowdrawingasquare.3)Iwanttowritesalettertomypenfriend.4)It’stimeforusgotoschool.5)LiuTaowantstoshowingPeter’sphotostohismum.十一、動名詞其實就是動詞的―現(xiàn)在分詞‖。它既有―名詞性質(zhì)‖（可作主語），又具有動詞性質(zhì)（可帶賓語）。如：Pleasekeepquietinthereadingroom.還有我們的一些課題：Askingtheway中是―名詞性質(zhì)‖；Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.中是―動詞性質(zhì)‖，帶了賓語stamps.1、remember（記?。┖竺娓鷦用~，表示―記得做過某事‖；跟to+動詞原形，表示―記得要去做某事‖。如：Irememberpostingthelettertoday.我記得今天把信寄走了。Pleaseremembertopostthelettertoday.請記住今天要把信寄走。2、forget（忘記）后面跟動名詞，表示―忘記做過某事（實際做過）‖；跟to+動詞原形，表示―忘記去做某事（實際沒做）‖。如：Iforgetdoinghomeworkthismorning.我忘記今天早上做過作業(yè)了。Iforgettodohomeworkthismorning.我忘記今天早上做作業(yè)了。3、stop（停止）后面跟動名詞，表示―停止做某事‖；跟to+動詞原形，表示―停止正在做的事，而去做別的事‖。如：Stopsmoking,please.請不要吸煙。Wearetired.Let’sstoptohavearest.我們累了，讓我們停下來休息一下。4、like（喜歡）后面跟動名詞，表示一個人的愛好和習(xí)慣，意思是―喜歡干某事‖；跟to+動詞原形，常用于wouldliketodosomething，表示―某人想要、愿意干某事‖。如：Iliketakingawalkaftersuppereveryday.我喜歡每天晚飯后去散步。Iwouldliketohavesomechips.我想要吃些薯條。練一練：1、用擴號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)_________(swim)isnotasfastasrunning.2)It’ssunnytoday.Let’sgo_________(fish).3)Doyoulike_________(read)Englishinthemorning?4)Areyougoodat_________(dance)?5)Whereisthe_________(shop)centre?6)Wouldyouliketogo_________(jog)withme?7)Myhobbyis_________(play)football.8)SuHailikes_________(watch)cartoonsonSundays.2、選擇擴號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)I’msorry_________(hearing,tohear)that.2)Jimisgoodat_________(swimming,toswim).3)Shallwego_________(skating,toskate)?4)Today,myworkis_________(looking,tolook)afterthebaby.5)I’mgoing_________(flying,tofly)akiteintheplayground.6)Ilike_________(playing,toplay)basketballafterschool.7)Wouldyoulike_________(going,togo)totheGreatWall?8)JimisaskingLiuTaohow________(getting,toget)totheHistoryMuseum.十二、時間和日期的表達1、有兩種時間表達法：A）直接讀寫數(shù)詞。如：9:15ninefifteen10:30tenthirty11:45elevenforty-five7:05sevenofive2:25twotwenty-five5:55fivefifty-fiveB）借助past和to來表達。past一般用于30分鐘以內(nèi)（含30分鐘）的時間表達；to一般用于超過30分鐘的時間表達。一刻鐘可以用aquarter表示，半小時可以用half表示。如：9:15aquarterpastnine10:30halfpastten11:45aquartertotwelve7:05fivepastseven2:25twenty-fivepasttwo5:55fivetosix注意：詢問時間可用句型―What’sthetime?‖或者―Whattimeisit?‖。2、日期的表達：the+序數(shù)詞+of+月份。如：thethirdofJune六月三日注意：詢問日期可用句型―Whatdateisittoday?‖或者―What’sthedatetoday?‖。練一練：1、用兩種方法表達下列時間。6:451:589:053:225:508:302、用英語表達下列日期。五月一日九月十日三月八日四月五日七月九日八月三日一月十五日六月二日十二月二十五日3、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1)What’sthetime?It’selevenforty-five.___________isit?It’s___________.2)It’ssevenofive.It’stimeforbreakfast.It’s_____________________.3)What’sthedatetoday?It’s1stOctober.___________isittoday?It’s___________十三、名詞所有格1、有生命的名詞所有格：A）單數(shù)后加―’s‖，如：SuHai’stwinsister蘇海的雙胞胎妹妹Jim’sfamily吉姆的一家B）以―s‖結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，只需加―’‖，如：Teachers’Day教師節(jié)thetwins’parentsC）不以―s‖結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，則仍需加―’s‖，如：Children’sDay兒童節(jié)注意：表示兩人或幾人共有的物品，只需在最后一人名后加―’s‖，如：BenandJim’sbook2、無生命的名詞所有格，一般與―of‖構(gòu)成短語。如：aphotoofhisfamily他家的一張照片thecolourofherskirt她的短裙的顏色練一練：翻譯下列詞組：大衛(wèi)的叔叔我妹妹的郵票婦女節(jié)老師們的辦公室他筆友的信這本書的名字雙胞胎的書房孩子們的愛好郵局的大門十四、句子的種類練一練：1、填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡栐~。1)_______walletisit?It’smine.2)_______istheChristmasDay?It’sonthe25thofDecember.3)_______isthediary?It’sunderthechair.4)_______istheboyinblue?He’sMike.5)_______aretheearphones?Theyare25yuan.6)_______isthehairdryer?It’sblue.7)_______isittoday?It’sSunday.8)_______wasityesterday?Itwasthe13thofOctober.9)_______thisredone?It’sbeautiful.10)_______isitfromhere?It’sabout2kilometresaway.11)A:CanIhavesomepaperandsomecrayons?B:_______?A:Iwanttomakeakite.12)_______isyourcousin?He’s15yearsold.13)_______doyouhavedinner?At6o’clock.14)_______oneisfatter,theblueoneortheredone?Theblueone.2、對括號部分提問。1)Icansee（eightrubbers）inthebox._____________________can_______seeinthebox?2)Myfatheris（fine）today.____________yourfathertoday?3)LiuTaois（playingfootball）intheplayground.___________LiuTao_______intheplayground?4)Thefilmswere（ontheground）.______________thefilms?5)（Thegirlwithbigeyes）ismysister’sfriend.___________________sister’sfriend?6)Mybirthdayis（onthe9thofSeptember）.____________yourbirthday?7)I’dlikeanicecakeforbreakfast.___________________likeforbreakfast?8)That’s（Nancy’sskirt）.______________isthat?3、按要求改寫句子。1)It’sabook.（改為一般疑問句）___ita_______?2)Myfatheris（inthestudy）.（對括號部分提問）_______is_______father?3)DoyouwatchTVeverySunday?（做肯定回答）_______,I_______.4)Thispictureisbeautiful.（改為以what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句）What_____________picture!5)Openthedoorforhim.（改為否定句）_______open______for_______!6)Ihaveabigpresent.（對劃線部分提問）_______doyou_______?肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答Heisrunningnow.Heisn’trunningnow.Isherunningnow?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.Theyaremakingapuppet.Theyaren’tmakingapuppet.Aretheymakingapuppet?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.7)Therearesomeorangetrees.（改為單數(shù)句子）There______________orange_______.8)wearegoingto（seeaBeijingopera）.（對括號部分提問）What_______you___________do?9)Hehassomequestions.（改為一般疑問句）_______he______________questions?10)TheyvisitedtheirrelativesandfriendslastSpringFestival.（改為一般疑問句）_____they_______theirrelativesandfriendslastSpringFestival?十五、時態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時A、當(dāng)謂語是be動詞時，構(gòu)成為：主語+be動詞(am,is,are)+其他。如：Iamastudent.B、當(dāng)謂語是行為動詞時，構(gòu)成有兩種：（1）主語（非第三人稱單數(shù)）+動詞原形+其他。如：WeoftenwatchTVattheweekends.（2）主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式+其他。如：JimusuallygoestotheparkonSundays.C、句型變換：肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答TheywatchTVatsixeveryday.Theydon’twatchTVatsixeveryday.DotheywatchTVatsixeveryday.Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.ShewatchesTVatsixeveryday.Shedoesn’twatchTVatsixeveryday.Doess