外研版英語選修七講義Module3LiteratureSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandVocabulary-ComprehendingWord版含答案

《霧都孤兒》是英國作家狄更斯的長篇寫實小說。以霧都倫敦為背景，講述了一個孤兒悲慘的身世及遭遇。TheStoryofOliverTwistOliverTwistisayoungorphan.Hismother,notknowntoanyoneinthetown,diedrightaftergivingbirthtohim,andhewassenttotheorphanage.Whenheturnednine,hewassenttotheworkhouse.Oneday,Oliveraskedformore,soMrBumblesenthimtoanundertaker(殯儀員)．Itwasnotgreatthereeither,andOliverranaway.OliverwalkedtowardsLondon,wherehemetaboynamedJackDawkins.HeintroducedOlivertoFagin,whotrainedkidstobethieves.Oneday,OliverwentoutwithJackandaboynamedCharleyBates.OliversawthemstealthehandkerchiefofMrBrownlow.HewasarrestedfortheftbyMrBrownlowmistakenly.Luckily,thebooksellerprovedOliverwasinnocent.AtlastMrBrownlowtookOliverhome.Later,FaginorderedhisloverNancytotakeOliverbackandshesucceeded.OliverwasforcedtobreakintoahouseandstealthingswithBillSikes,butOliverwasshot.Sikesescaped,leavingOliverbehind.Oliverhadtogobacktothehouse,wherethekindowner,MrsMaylie,andhernieceRose,decidedtoprotecthim.AfterOliverrecovered,theyplannedtotakehimtoseeMrBrownlow,butOliverwasnowheretobefound.Meanwhile,FaginandhispartnerMonksdidn’tgiveupfindingOliver.Nancy,overhearing(偷聽)FaginandMonks’conversation,wenttoRosetotellherthatMonkswasOliver’shalfbrother,whohadbeentryingtogetOliver’sinheritance(遺產(chǎn)).RoseandMrBrownlowdecidedtofindMonksandtheymetNancyagainonLondonBridge,butNancywasfollowedbyNoah,aboysentbyFagin.NoahreportedeverythingtoFagin.ThenFagintoldthattoSikes.SikeskilledNancy.Finally,MrBrownlowfoundMonkswhoadmittedeverythingthathehaddone.Sikeswasontherun，andaccidentallyhunghimselfinfallingoffaroof.Faginwasarrested.Oliver,MrBrownlow,andtheMayliesendeduplivingapeacefullife.SectionⅠIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary—prehending重點單詞寫作詞匯1.feedv． 喂養(yǎng)；為……提供食品2.whisperv. 低聲地說；耳語3.supportn. 支撐物4.seizev． 抓住5.rewardn. 酬謝；獎賞；賞金拓展詞匯6.scenen．場景；場面→sceneryn．風(fēng)景7.crueladj.冷酷的→crueltyn．殘酷8.servev．端上(飯菜等)→servicen．服務(wù)；兵役9.eageradj.熱切的；渴望的→eagerlyadv.渴望地10.desperateadj.絕望的→desperationn．絕望→desperatelyadv.不顧一切地11.healthyadj.健康的→healthn．健康12.hangv．絞死；吊死→hanged/hanged(過去式/過去分詞)vi.懸掛→hung/hung(過去式/過去分詞)閱讀詞匯13.novelistn． 小說家14.potn. 鍋15.appetiten. 胃口；食欲16.nudgev． 推開17.lockv. 用鎖鎖(起來)重點短語1.inastonishment 驚訝地，吃驚地2.ina...voice 用……聲音(說)，……聲地3.nosooner...than... 剛一……就……4.stareat 凝視，盯著看5.believeinsb. 信任某人重點句型1.with＋賓語＋賓補：Theroominwhichtheboyswerefedwasalargestonehall,withalargepotatoneend(一口大鍋放在大廳的一端).2.現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語：Thebowlsneverneededwashing,astheboyscleanedthemwiththeirspoons,tryingtoeateverybitofsoup(試圖喝掉每一點湯).3.notuntil引導(dǎo)的倒裝句：Notuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassed,wasthemanabletospeak(這個男人才說出話來).4.nosooner...than...剛一……就……：Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthan(男孩兒的話剛出口)thewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.5.bedoing...when...正在做某事……就在這時……：Themanagersoftheworkhousewerehavingameetingwhen(正在開會，就在這時)MrBumblerushedintotheroomingreatexcitement.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)Readthetextandmatchthemainideaoftheparagraphs.1．Part1(Para.1)A．Oliverwaschosentoaskformorefood.2．Part2(Paras.2－3)B．Alltheboysintheworkhousewerehungry.3．Part3(Paras.4－13)C．Oliverwashitandlocked.答案：1－3.BACeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．Thispassageismainlyabout________．A．Oliver’shappylifeB．Oliverandhispanions’satisfyinglifeC．Oliverandhispanions’terriblelifeD．Oliver’sstudyexperience2．Theboysthereneverwashedtheirbowlsbecause________．A．theycleanedtheirbowlswiththeirspoonsinordertoeateverybitofsoupB．theyweresolazythattheydidn’twanttodoitC．therewasnotanywaterinthelargestonehallD．theirparentswouldhelpthemwashthebowls3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________．A．thetallboy’sfatherhadkeptasmallcookshopB．thepoorsufferedalotandhadnorightintheoldsocietyC．whenOliveraskedformore,hewasimmediatelylockedinaroomD．OliverTwistwouldbeputintoprison4．WhichofthefollowingsentencesareTRUE?a．OliverTwistwasnotoneoftheboysinthelargestonehall.b．OliverTwistwaschosentoaskformorefood.c．ThewardenwastoosurprisedtospeakforatleastthirtysecondsafterhearingOliverTwist’swords.d．Everyoneatthemeetingagreedwiththegentleman’sopinionofhangingOliverTwist.e．Nobodyatthemeetingdisagreedtogivemorefoodtotheboys.A．a(chǎn)de B．a(chǎn)ceC．bde D．bcd答案：1－4.CABDeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)Analyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Hedescribedlifeinthemiddleofthe19thcentury，aperiodthatisnowcalledVictorian,asitiswhenQueenVictoriaruledBritain.eq\a\vs4\al()[翻譯]他描述了19世紀(jì)中期的生活，當(dāng)時英國正處在維多利亞女皇的統(tǒng)治下，現(xiàn)在也稱這個時期為維多利亞時期。答案：同位語；定語；原因狀語；時間狀語2．Oliver,whowasdesperatewithhungerandmisery，rosefromthetableandwalkedtowardsthemasterwithhisbowlandspooninhishand.eq\a\vs4\al()eq\f(Oliver，,主語)eq\f(whowasdesperatewithhungerandmisery，,who引導(dǎo)________從句，修飾Oliver)eq\f(rosefromthetableandwalkedtowardsthemaster,and連接兩個并列的動詞短語作________)eq\f(withhisbowlandspooninhishand.,with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作________)[翻譯]奧利弗已經(jīng)被饑餓與苦難逼得絕望了，他從桌邊站起來，手里拿著碗和湯匙，朝管理員走去。答案：非限制性定語；謂語；伴隨狀語①feed[fi?d]v.喂養(yǎng)；為……提供食品feedon(動物)以……為食feed...to...(人)把……喂給……②pot[p?t]n.鍋③warden['w??dn]n.管理員④serve[s??v]v.端上(飯菜等)⑤needwashing需要洗。該結(jié)構(gòu)中動名詞用主動形式表達被動含義，還可表達為needtobewashed。⑥everybitof每一點abitof...一點兒……⑦inthisway用這種方式。同義詞組：bythismeans/withthismethod⑧stareat凝視，盯著看glareat瞪著，怒目而視⑨eager['i?ɡ?]adj.熱切的；渴望的beeagerfor...渴望……beeagertodosth.渴望做某事⑩appetite['?p??taIt]n.胃口；食欲havehealthy/goodappetites胃口好?panionn．伙伴，同伴?wildwithhunger餓得發(fā)瘋?be(not)usedtodoingsth.(不)習(xí)慣于做某事?keep此處表示“經(jīng)營”。?lookn．表情，眼神；外貌?pickout挑選；辨認出pickup(開車)去接；收聽；(不經(jīng)意)學(xué)會；好轉(zhuǎn)?standby站在……的旁邊；支持?inaline(排)成一排?downone’sthroat向下通過某人的喉嚨?whisper['wIsp?]v.低聲地說；耳語whispertosb.對某人竊竊私語inwhispers＝inawhisper低聲地nudge[n?d?]v.推開desperate['desp?r?t]adj.絕望的bedesperatefor渴望得到bedesperatetodosth.渴望做某事miseryn．苦難；痛苦healthy['helθi]adj.健康的paleadj.蒼白的inastonishment驚訝地，吃驚地inamazement/surprise吃驚地toone’sastonishment/amazement/surprise令某人驚訝的是holdonto抓著support[s?'p??t]n.支撐物atleast(＝attheleast)至少ina...voice用……聲音(說),……聲地inalow/highvoice低/高聲地inaweak/loudvoice聲音有氣無力/大聲地nosooner...than...剛一……就hardly/scarcely...when...剛一……就hitsb.onthehead打某人的頭“動詞＋sb.＋介詞＋the＋身體部位”結(jié)構(gòu)中，常用的動詞有pat,hit,strike,beat,touch，take,seize等；常用的介詞有in,on,by等。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(hitsb.intheface,打在某人的臉上,beatsb.ontheback,打在某人的后背上,takesb.bythehand,拉著某人的手))seize[si?z]v.抓住seizesb.bythearm抓住某人的胳膊rushinto沖進去ingreatexcitement(情緒)非常激動toone’sexcitement令某人興奮/激動的是hang[h??]v.絞死；吊死(hanged，hanged)hang懸掛(hung，hung)disagreewith不同意takeplace發(fā)生；進行。該短語無被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài)。lock[l?k]v.用鎖鎖(起來)putup此處意為“張貼”。workhouse['w??k?ha?s]n.(英國昔日的)濟貧院；貧民習(xí)藝所reward[rI'w??d]n.酬謝；獎賞；賞金inrewardfor作為對……的獎勵/回報besureof有把握，確信becertainof確信……OliverAsksforMoreTheroominwhichtheboyswerefed①wasalargestonehall，withalargepot②atoneend．Thewarden③，helpedbytwowomen，served④thesoupfromthispotatmealtimes.Eachboywasallowedonebowlofsoupandnomore，exceptonspecialholidayswhenhewasgivenanother60gramsofbread．Thebowlsneverneededwashing⑤，astheboyscleanedthemwiththeirspoons,tryingtoeateverybitof⑥soup．Thisnevertookverylong,asthespoonswerealmostaslargeasthebowls.Whentheyhadcleanedtheirbowlsinthisway⑦，theywouldsitstaringat⑧thepotwitheager⑨eyes，asiftheywantedtoeatit.Boysusuallyhaveexcellentappetites⑩.OliverTwistandhispanions?slowlystarvedforthreemonthsuntilfinally，theybecamequitewildwithhunger?.◆withalargepotatoneend是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，用來補充說明stonehall的情況?！魒henhewasgivenanother60gramsofbread是定語從句，修飾specialholidays?！鬭stheboyscleanedthemwiththeirspoons...是as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，其中tryingtoeateverybitofsoup作伴隨狀語。Therewasoneboywhowastallforhisage,andwasnotusedtobeing?hungryallthetime，ashisfatherhadkept?asmallcookshop．Thisboytoldhisfriendsthathehadtohaveanotherbowlofsoupeachday.Ifhedidnot，hewasafraidthatonenighthemighteatthesmallyoungboywhosleptnexttohim.Thetallboyhadawild,hungrylook?inhiseyeandeveryonebelievedhim.Theboyshadameeting.Theydecidedthatoneofthemshouldwalkuptothewardenaftersupperthateveningandaskformorefood.Theywrotetheirnamesonpiecesofpaperandpickedoneout?.ItwasOliverTwistwhowaschosen.◆whowastallforhisage,andwasnotusedtobeinghungryallthetime是who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾oneboy；ashisfatherhadkeptasmallcookshop是原因狀語從句。◆Ifhedidnot是條件狀語從句，此處省略了haveanotherbowlofsoup?！鬒twas...who...是強調(diào)句式。Theeveningarrivedandtheboyswenttotheirplaces.Thewardenstoodby?thepotwithhisassistantsinaline?behindhim.Thesoupwasservedanddisappeareddowntheboys’throats?.Theboyswhispered?toeachother，andthosenexttoOlivernudgedhim.Oliver,whowasdesperatewithhungerandmisery,rosefromthetableandwalkedtowardsthemasterwithhisbowlandspooninhishand．Frightenedbyhisowncourage，hesaid,“Pleasesir,Iwantsomemore.”◆withhisbowlandspooninhishand是由“with＋賓語＋介詞短語”構(gòu)成的with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語。Thewardenwasafat,healthyman，buthisfacebecameverypale.Hestaredinpleteastonishmentatthechildandheldontothepotforsupport.Notuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassed，wasthemanabletospeak.“What？”hesaidfinally,inaweakvoice.◆Notuntilatleastthirty...wasthemanabletospeak.是倒裝句。Notuntil位于句首，主句用部分倒裝語序?！癙lease，sir，”repliedOliver，“Iwantsomemore.”Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthanthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.ThenheseizedOliver’sarmsandheldhim，whileheshoutedforMrBumble.◆nosooner...than...句式中，Nosooner置于句首，該句用部分倒裝語序。要注意原句的時態(tài)。ThemanagersoftheworkhousewerehavingameetingwhenMrBumblerushedintotheroomingreatexcitement.Speakingtotheleaderofthemeeting，hesaid，“MrLimbkins，Iamsorry，sir!OliverTwisthasaskedformore！”◆bedoing...when...正在做某事……就在這時……(又發(fā)生了另一件事)。Thefacesofeveryoneintheroomshowedpleteastonishment.“Formore！”saidMrLimbkins.“Thinkcarefully,MrBumble,andanswermeclearly.DoIunderstandthatheaskedformore,afterhehadeatenhisbowlofsoup？”◆Thinkcarefully...clearly.是“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)。“Hedid,sir，”repliedBumble.“NeverhaveIheardanythinglikeit！”saidMrLimbkins.◆NeverhaveIheardanythinglikeit！是倒裝句。never位于句首引起部分倒裝。never為否定副詞，引起倒裝時，往往借助于相應(yīng)的助動詞?！癟hey’llhangthatboy，”saidagentlemaninawhitejacket.“Iknowthatthey’llhanghim.”Nobodydisagreedwiththegentleman’sopinion.Alivelydiscussiontookplace.Oliverwasimmediatelylockedinaroom.Thenextmorninganoticewasputuponthedooroftheworkhouse，offeringarewardtoanybodywhowouldemployOliverTwist．◆現(xiàn)在分詞短語offeringarewardtoanybody...作后置定語，修飾notice。該短語中又包含了who引導(dǎo)的定語從句whowouldemployOliverTwist，修飾anybody?！癐neverwasmoresureofanythinginmylife，”saidthegentlemaninthewhitejacket，asheknockedatthedoorandreadthenoticethenextmorning.“Ineverwasmoresureofanythinginmylife—thatboywillbehanged.”奧利弗還要更多男孩們進食的場所是一間大石廳，一口大鍋放在大廳的一端。開飯的時候，管理員從鍋里舀湯，有兩個女人給他打雜。每個男孩只可分得一碗湯，決不多給，除非在特別的節(jié)日，才可以再分到60克面包。碗從來不需要刷，因為男孩子們用湯匙把碗刮得干干凈凈，試圖喝掉每一點湯。這絕對花不了很長時間，因為湯匙幾乎就有碗那么大了。他們這樣把碗刮干凈以后，就坐在那兒，眼巴巴地瞅著湯鍋，似乎要把它也吞進肚子里。男孩們的胃口通常都很好。三個月以來，奧利弗·特威斯特和同伴們一起忍受著慢性饑餓的煎熬，到后來餓得都快發(fā)瘋了。其中有個男孩子，個子較同齡人高，而且不習(xí)慣總這么挨餓，因為他父親開過一家小飯館。他跟朋友們說他每天必須多喝一碗湯，否則恐怕哪天晚上他就會把睡在他身邊的那個小男孩吃掉。那個高個子男孩兒眼睛里閃動著野性的饑餓目光，孩子們都信以為真。男孩子們開了一個會，決定在當(dāng)天傍晚吃過飯后，他們中的一個要到管理員那里去再要一些食物。他們將名字寫在紙條上，抽出了一張。奧利弗·特威斯特被抽中了。傍晚來臨，男孩子們到了各自的位子上。管理員站在鍋邊，打下手的人排成一排站在他的身后。湯一分給孩子們，就被一掃而光了。孩子們交頭接耳，那些坐在奧利弗旁邊的孩子用胳膊肘推他。奧利弗已經(jīng)被饑餓與苦難逼得絕望了，他從桌邊站起來，手里拿著碗和湯匙，朝管理員走去。被自己的大膽嚇了一跳，他說：“求你了，先生，我還想要一些?！惫芾韱T是個健壯的胖子，但他的臉一下子變白了。他瞪著這個孩子，完全驚呆了，手抓著鍋以求站穩(wěn)。至少過了30秒鐘，他才說出話來?！笆裁?？”管理員最后開了口，聲音有氣無力?！跋壬?，求求你了，我還想要一些。”奧利弗答道。男孩兒的話剛出口，管理員就拿起湯匙敲了他的頭。然后他抓住奧利弗的胳膊不放，尖聲高呼著本伯先生。濟貧院的理事們正在開會，本伯先生一頭沖進房間，情緒十分激動。他對主持會議的人說：“林勃金斯先生，請您原諒！奧利弗·特威斯特還要更多！”在房間里開會的所有人臉上都露出大為驚異的神色?！斑€要更多！”林勃金斯先生說?！白屑毾胂?，本伯先生，清楚地回答我的話。我該沒有聽錯，你是說他喝了他的那碗湯以后還要更多？”“是這樣的，先生，”本伯回答道?！拔疫€從來沒聽說過這樣的事呢！”林勃金斯先生說道?！八麄儠涯莻€男孩子吊死，”一個穿著白色夾克的紳士說道，“我知道他們會把他吊死?！睂@位紳士的觀點，誰也沒有反駁。理事會進行了一番激烈的討論。奧利弗立刻就被關(guān)進一個房間里。第二天早晨，濟貧院的大門上貼出了一張告示，向愿意雇傭奧利弗·特威斯特的人提供獎賞?！斑@輩子我還從沒有對什么事情這么肯定過呢?！钡诙煸绯浚莻€穿著白夾克的紳士一邊敲門，一邊瀏覽著這張告示說道，“這輩子我還從沒有對什么事情這么肯定過呢——那個男孩子將會被吊死。”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)閱讀理解A(2019·陜西摸底檢測)ThomasHardy,probablythemostsearchingandknowledgeablenovelistofhistime,wasbornonJune2，1840,inDorsetshire,England.HediedonJanuary11，1928.Inhisyouth,Hardyreadmuchanddreamtofbeingapoet,buthestudiedandpracticedarchitectureasanassistanttoaLondonarchitect,winningaprizefordesign.Thefinedescriptionsofstructureinhisnovelswereprobablysomewhatduetohisarchitecturaltraining.ForfiveyearsHardyworkedhardtopracticewritingpoetry,butwhenhewastwenty-seven,heturnedtofiction.Hisfirstnovelfinishedby1867,butaccordingtotheadviceofGeorgeMeredithhedecidednottopublishit.Afterheabandonedhisfirstnovel,hisanothernovelDesperateRemedies,appearedin1871.Duringthenexttwenty-fiveyearshepublishedtenmorenovelsandtwocollectionsofshortstories.UndertheGreenwoodTree(1872)wasneversurpassed(超越)inhappyanddelicateperfectionofart.Thisandhisnextnovel,APairofBlueEyes(1873),begantoshowdeepirony(諷刺)whichissoobviousthroughoutHardy’swritings.FarfromtheMaddingCrowd(1874)washisfirstpopularsuccess.ItshowsHardy’samazingpowerofdescribingnatureassymbolicbackgroundforhischaracters,anorganicpartoftheactionofhisstory.Thiswastheearliestofwhathecalledhisnovelsofcharacterandenvironment,whichincludedTheReturnoftheNative,Tessofthed’Urbervilles,hismasterpiece,andJudetheObscure.Notuntilhewasfifty-eightyearsoldwashisfirstcollectionofpoemspublished,andhewassixty-fourwhenthefirstpartofhisdramaTheDynastssurprisedtheliteraryworld.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作家ThomasHardy和他的一些作品。1．HowdidThomasHardybenefitfromhisarchitecturalcareer?A．Hecouldpracticewritingwhileworking.B．Hemadealotofmoneytosupporthiswriting.C．Hefoundmaterialforhisnovelsandpoems.D．Heappliedarchitecturalknowledgeinhisnovels.D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Thefinedescriptionsofstructureinhisnovelswereprobablysomewhatduetohisarchitecturaltraining.”可知，在他的小說中細膩的結(jié)構(gòu)描述可能得益于他在建筑方面的學(xué)習(xí)訓(xùn)練，即他把建筑知識應(yīng)用到了他的小說中。故選D項。2．WhatisThomasHardy’sUndertheGreenwoodTreeconsideredtobe?A．Oneofhismasterworks.B．Hisfirstpopularsuccess.C．Hisbestnovelinperfectionofart.D．Oneofhisbestcollectionsofpoems.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“UndertheGreenwoodTree(1872)wasneversurpassed(超越)inhappyanddelicateperfectionofart.”可知，《綠樹林下》在藝術(shù)的巧妙和熟練方面從未被超越。3．Whichofthefollowingisoneofhisnovelsofcharacterandenvironment?A．DesperateRemedies. B．APairofBlueEyes.C．Tessofthed’Urbervilles. D．TheDynasts.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“Thiswastheearliestofwhathecalledhisnovelsofcharacterandenvironment,whichincludedTheReturnoftheNative,Tessofthed’Urbervilles,hismasterpiece,andJudetheObscure.”可知，Tessofthed’Urbervilles是性格和環(huán)境小說，故選C。4．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Anovel. B．Abiography.C．Abookreview. D．Anewsreport.B解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了作家ThomasHardy和他的一些作品，屬于人物傳記，故選B。BTheworld’sseasandoceanssupportnearlyhalfofallspeciesonEarth,butwearen’toneofthem.Wecan’tdrinkthesaltwater,walkonthesurface,orbreatheinit.Yetnow,overone-thirdofthetotalhumanpopulation,nearly2.4billionpeople,liveswithin100kmofacoast.FewpeoplehaveadeeperconnectionwiththeseathantheBajauLautofSoutheastAsia.Sometimesknownas“seagypsies”，theyliveinhouseboatsorhousesbuiltontopofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)andwhentheydospendthenightonthegroundsometimes,theyoftenreportfeeling“l(fā)andsick”.Malaysia’sbestBajaufreediverscandivetodepthsofover20metresandstaythereforseveralminutesonasinglebreath.Besides,studiesonsome“seagypsy”childrenfromThailandandBurmashowtheyhaveunusualgoodunderwatereyesightbecausetheireyeshaveadaptedtotheliquidenvironment.TheBajauLaut’slivelihoodistraditionallytotallydependentontheresourcesofthesea,sofishingisvitallyimportanttothem,butdifferentcultureshavedifferentwaysofcatchingfish.InthewatersoffLagunainBrazil,fishermenusedolphinstodrivecrowdsoffishintotheirnets.Whenthefisharewithincatchingdistance,thedolphinsleapoutofthewaterasthesigntothefishermenthattheyshouldnowthrowtheirnets.Thedolphinsthenstopthefishastheymanagetoescapefromthenets.Buttheoceanisn’tjustaboutfood.InancientHawaii,chiefsusedsurfingpetitionstoshowofftheirpowerandskills.Nowadaysbig-wavesurfersdothesame,monitoring(監(jiān)測)conditionsaroundtheworldtoensuretheyareintherightplaceattherighttimewhenthegiantserollingin.Ifonlywehadagoodrelationshipwiththeocean.Sadly,itisnowassessedthatwemayhaveremovedasmuchas90%oftheocean’slargefish.Andsincetheoceanabsorbs50%ofthecarbondioxidewereleaseintotheatmosphere,wearecontinuallyincreasingtheacidification(酸化)oftheocean.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。海洋提供給人類豐富的資源，和人類的生存發(fā)展密切相關(guān)。本文講述了人類和海洋的關(guān)系。5．When“seagypsies”liveonthelandattimes,theyfeel________.A．excited B．unfortableC．happy D．embarrassedB解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的whentheydospendthenightonthegroundsometimes,theyoftenreportfeeling“l(fā)andsick”可知，在陸地上感覺好像生病了，即并不舒服。6．WhatcanbelearnedaboutfishingoffLaguna?A．Whenfishwanttoflee,dolphinswillsavethem.B．Dolphinsaresmartpartnersofthefishermenthere.C．It’sasigntodrawnetswhendolphinsjumpoutofthewater.D．Fishermendonothingwhendolphinscatchfishforthem.B解析：推理判斷題。第三段中詳細描述了在巴西海豚幫助漁民捕魚的精彩細節(jié)，所以可以推斷出海豚是漁民聰明的好幫手。7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstherelationshipbetweenhumansandtheocean?A．Curious. B．Enthusiastic.C．Uninterested. D．Concerned.D解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者對于人類和海洋的關(guān)系還是很擔(dān)憂的。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)完形填空Afewyearsago,Iwasworkinginasmalloffice.Inoticedthateventhoughtheorganisationwasnot1，weoftenworkedinseparateteams,andwhileeveryonewasfriendly,wewerenotveryclosetoeachotherandnotvery2．Oneparticularweek,Idecidedtomakepeople3，butIwantedtodoitsecretly,perhapswiththeslight4thatit’dinviteasenseoftrustorplayfulnessintheworkculture.Sooneevening,Iwroteafew5withquoteswhichIfelthave6meovertheyears.Thenextmorning,Iwenttoworkabitearlyand7postedthemupbythesinksandmirrorsintheofficerestrooms.Maybepeoplewould8thequotesandperhapsitmightjusthelp9someone’sday.Forthenextfewmonths,someofthequotesgottakendown,butacouple10.Soperhapsotherslikedthem,too.Finally,I11thatorganisationandwenttoworkforanotherpany.Acoupleofyearspassed,duringwhichtimeI’dstillgetemails12frommyoldbossandteammateseverysooften.Afewmonthsago,Iwas13toareunionwiththemtohearhowtheprojectIhad14wasgoing.Ihadreallyenjoyedworkingwithmyteam,andwas15toseethemallagain.Towardstheendoftheevent,Iwenttothe16andnoticedthequoteIhadwrittenthreeyearsagowasstillupinthe17spotbythemirror!Itread：Therealvoyageofdiscoveryconsistsnotinseekingnewlands,butseeingwithneweyes.—MarcelProustMaybethequotesimplyblendedinto(融合)thebackgroundfortheemployees,orperhapsitstill18asashiningreminderofsomethingimportant.Itwassucha19reminder.Weneverknowhowlongaseed(種子)willtaketoeoutandgivefruit,butweshouldsimplykeep20seedsofkindnessinourhearts.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己為了讓同事之間的關(guān)系更融洽偷偷在洗手間貼上勵志語錄的故事。1．A.huge B．richC．distant