考研《英語(yǔ)一》四川省達(dá)州市通川區(qū)2023年高分沖刺試題含解析

考研《英語(yǔ)一》四川省達(dá)州市通川區(qū)2023年高分沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Whenwereadbooksweseemtoenteranewworld.Thisnewworldcanbesimilartotheonewearelivingin,oritcanbevery____.Somestoriesaretoldasiftheyweretrue.Realpeoplewholiveina____worlddorealthings;inotherwords,thestoriesareaboutpeoplejustlikeusdoingwhatwedo.Otherstories,suchastheHarryPotterbooks,arenot____.Theyarecharactersandcreaturesthatareverydifferentfromusanddothingsthatwouldbeimpossibleforus.Butthereismoretobooksandwritingthanthis.Ifwethinkaboutit,evenrealisticwritingisonly____.Howcanwetellthedifferencebetweenwhatisrealandwhatisnotreal?Forexample,whenwereadaboutHarryPotter,wedoseemtolearnsomethingabouttherealworld.AndwhenHarrystudiesmagicatHogwarts,healsolearnsmoreabouthisreallifethan____.Reading,likewriting,isanaction.Itisawayofthinking.Whenwereadorwritesomething,wedomuchmorethansimplelookatwordsonapage.Weuseour____,whichisreal,andourimagination,whichisrealinadifferentway,tomakethewordscometolifeinourminds.Bothrealismandfantasy(幻想)usetheimaginationandthe“magic”ofreadingandwritingtomakeusthink.Whenwereadsomethingrealistic,wehaveto____thatthepeoplewearereadingaboutarejustlikeus,eventhoughwe____thatwearerealandtheyarenot.Itsounds____,butitworks.Whenweread,wefillinmissinginformationand____thecausesandeffectsofwhatacharacterdoes.Wehelpthewriterby____thatwhatwereadislikereallife.____,wearewritingthebook,too.Mostofusprobablydon’tthinkaboutwhatisgoingoninour____whenwearereading.Wepickupabookandloseourselvesinagoodstory,eagertofindoutwhatwill____next.Knowinghowwefeelwhenwereadcanhelpusbecomebetter____,anditwillhelpusdiscovermoreabouttherealmagicofbooks.1、A．different B．possible C．important D．necessary2、A．common B．usual C．normal D．certain3、A．instructive B．realistic C．reasonable D．moral4、A．planned B．thinkable C．designed D．imagined5、A．magic B．lessons C．dreams D．experience6、A．grammar B．knowledge C．skill D．words7、A．recall B．ensure C．imagine D．understand8、A．hope B．find C．learn D．know9、A．terrible B．dangerous C．serious D．strange10、A．thinkabout B．talkof C．learnfrom D．forgetabout11、A．guessing B．telling C．pretending D．promising12、A．Inaway B．Asusual C．Onthecontrary D．Bytheway13、A．society B．minds C．life D．world14、A．a(chǎn)ppear B．a(chǎn)rgue C．happen D．develop15、A．writers B．fans C．professionals D．readersSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Shinythingsabsorblessheatwhenleftinthesun.ThismeansthatiftheEarthcouldbemadealittleshinieritwouldbelesslikelytosufferglobalwarming.Waystobrightenit,suchasaddingnanoscalespecks（納米級(jí)）ofsalttolowclouds,makingthemwhiter,orputtingathinhazeofparticlesintothestratosphere（平流層）,arethefieldof“geoengineering”（地球工程）.Asmallbandofscientistswhichhavemostlybeenusingcomputermodelstostudythesubject.Someofthemarenowproposingoutdoorexperiments—usingseawater-fedsprayerstochurnoutparticlesoftheexactsizeneededtobrightenclouds,orscatteringsulphurparticles（硫粒子）fromunderneathalargeballoon20kmupinthesky.Thescientistshopetounderstandsomeoftheprocessesonwhichthesetechnologiesdepend,asawayofbothmeasuringtheirpossibility(canyoureliablymaketheproperamountofseasaltbrightenclouds?)andassessingtheirrisks(howmuchdamagetotheozonelayermightastratospherichazedo,andhowmightsuchdamagebeminimized?).Theexperimentswouldbefartoosmalltohaveanyclimaticeffects.Theamountofsulphurputintothestratospherebytheexperimentalballoonwouldbe2%ofwhatapassengerjetcrossingtheAtlanticemitsinanhour.However,manyscientistsdoubtwhethergeoengineeringexperimentshaveanyeffects.Andsomeenvironmentalistssaythatsuchexperimentsreflectthehubris（傲慢）ofhumans,whobelievetheycantoywithnature.Geoengineeringisnotanalternativetorelievingclimatechangebycuttingcarbonemissions.Evenifemissionsdostarttofall,thecutswilllakedecadestohaveanyeffectsotemperaturesarelikelytogoonrisingforsometime.Theplanetisnotgettingcoolerandthepressuresontheclimateareunlikelytogoaway.Itisthereforenottoohardtoimagineaworld,decadesfromnow,inwhichemissionsarefallingbuttemperaturesarerisingsteeplyandtheabilitytoadapttothemhasbeenstretchedtoofar.Anadditionalwaytostabilizetemperaturesmightthenseemappropriate.Geoengineeringoffersthatpossibility.1、Theaimoftheoutdoorexperimentsinparagraph1is.A．torelievetheglobalwarmingB．tobrightenthecloudsC．totestthecomputermodelsD．tostudygeoengineering2、Thegeoengineeringclimateexperimentwouldhardlytakeanyclimateeffectbecause.A．scientistsaren'tsurewhetherseasaltcanbrightencloudsB．geoengineeringwouldminimizethedamagetotheozonelayerC．theamountofsulphuremittedbyaballoonisverysmallD．a(chǎn)passengerjetemitsmuchmoresulphurthanaballoondoes3、Evenifcarbonemissionisreducedrightaway,.A．globalwarmingwillberelievedB．climaticpressurewillberemovedC．thetemperaturewillremainstableD．globalwarmingwilllastforyears4、Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A．passengerjetsareamajorcauseofglobalwarmingB．scientistsdon’tshowduerespectfortheenvironmentC．geoengineeringisbetterthancuttingcarbonemissionsD．cuttingemissionsisn'tenoughtorelieveclimatechangeText2Onthedaythetornadohit,therewasnosignsevereweatherwasonitsway—theskywasblueandthesunhadbeenout.MyhusbandJimmyandIwerewatchingTVupstairs.Nosoonerhadwegotthecoverageofthetornadothanitwasontopofus.ItwastheloudestthingIhaveeverheard.Thebonesofthehouseshook,andthepowerwentout.Wehadthreeflightsofstepstogetthroughtogettotherelativesafetyofthefirstfloor.Aswestruggledtoreachthelastflightofsteps,ourfrontdoorblewout.Piecesofglassthatlookedlikecrushedicefleweverywhere.Suddenly,athree-foot-longtreebranchflewoverourheads,missingusbyinches.Hadwebeenonestepup,itwouldhaveimpaledus.BythetimeIreachedthecloset,Jimmypushedmedowntotheclosetfloor,buthecouldn’tgetinsidehimselfbecauseofthewind.IgraspedJimmy’sarmandtriedtobringJimmywithit.Mykneesandheadwerefullofglass,butinthatmoment,Ifeltnopain.IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutthebackofthehouseandintothebay.“Holdon!Holdon!”heyelled.Buttherewasnothinginthisclosettoholdonto.Allofasudden,Jimmyliftedoffhisfeetlikepeopleintornadoesdointhemovies.Ithoughthewasgone.Andtheneverythingstopped.Helandedonhisfeet.Inthosefirstquietmoments,Icouldn’tbelieveitwasover.Jimmysaidhe’dgooutsidetocheck.“No,”Isaid.“Don’tleaveme.Don’tleaveme.”O(jiān)urneighborsaysthestormlastedfourminutes.Inthattime,fourofthetwelvetownhousesinourunitwerecompletelydestroyed.Ofthehousesleftstanding,ourssufferedthemostdamage.Amazingly,noneofuswereseverelyinjured.1、WhichofthefollowingsentencesisNOTtheevidencetoshowthetornadoisviolent?A．ItwastheloudestthingIhaveeverheard.B．Thebonesofthehouseshook,andthepowerwentout.C．Ourneighborsaysthestormlastedfourminutes.D．Piecesofglassthatlookedlikecrushedicefleweverywhere.2、Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat______.A．Thecouplehadpredictedthearrivalofthetornadoinadvance.B．Jimmyflewrightoutthebackofthehouseandintothebayduringthetornado.C．Thethree-foot-treeflewoverthecouple’sheadandinjuredthembadly.D．Theauthorstillfeltscaredwhenthetornadowassuddenlyover.3、Whydidtheauthorfeel“nopain”inparagraph4?A．Shedidn’thurtbadlyenoughtosensethepain.B．Shewasseverelyinjuredandfailedtosensethepain.C．Herattentionwasfullyfocusedonherhusband.D．Shehadletherhusbandgoawayfromherhand.4、Whichofthefollowingphrasesbestdescribesthecouple’sexperienceinthistornado?A．AthrillingadventureB．AnarrowescapeC．AriskyattemptD．AseriousaccidentText3Whatshouldwedoifoneofourclassmatessuddenlyfallsillorgetshurt?Herearesomestepsyoushouldfollow.Butalwaysremembertolookformedicalcareafterfirstaid(急救)ifthewoundisserious.Brokenbones:Takeawayclothingfromthewound.Useanicepack.Don’tmovethehurtbodypartwhilewaitingforthedoctortoarrive.Animalbites:Washthebiteareawithsoapandwater.Packthewoundwithacleanclothifitisbleeding.Ifthebleedinghasstopped,covertheareawithabandageandtakethepersontothehospital.Makesureyourememberwhatkindofanimalitissothedoctorcanfindtherightwaytotreathimorheratonce.Fainting(昏厥):Havehimorherliewithfeetliftedalittle.Don’tmovethebodyifyouthinktheremightbewoundsfromthefall.Makesureheorshecanbreatheandletinfreshair.Cleantheperson’sfacewithacoolcloth.Nosebleeds:Havethepersonsitupwithhisorherheadtilted(傾斜)forwardalittle.Donothavethepersontilthisorherheadbackbecausethismaycauseheavybreathingorcoughing.Pinch(捏)thelowerpartofthenoseforatleast10minutes.1、Whatshouldwedofirstwhenananimalbitehappens?A．Putanicepackonthewound.B．Washthebiteareawithsoapandwater.C．Trytostopthebleedingwithacleancloth.D．Takethehurtpersontothehospital.2、WhichofthefollowingisNOTrightwhenaboy’snosebleeds?A．Lethisheadnottiltback.B．Lethisheadtiltforwardalittle.C．Lethimsitup.D．Pinchhisnoseforlessthanl0minutes.3、Whichpartofamagazinemaythepassagecomefrom?A．Lifestyle.B．HealthC．Sports.D．Education4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Firstaidforsomeaccidentalwounds.B．Stepsoflookingformedicalcare.C．Adviceonwaysnottogethurt.D．WaystoaskforhelpingettinghurtText4Pollution’sseriouseffectsontheenvironmenthavebecomemoreobviousinrecentyears.Mostscientistsagreethateffortsarenecessarytoprotectourenvironmentfromfurtherharm.Asweknow,theconstructionindustryconsumesalargequantityofenergyandresourcesandcreatesahugeamountofpollution.Sogreenbuildingsareingreatneed.Theenvironmentalbenefitsofbuildinggreenincludetheprotectionofecosystemsandbiodiversity（生物多樣性）,improvedairandwaterquality,lesswasteflowingintostreamsandtheprotectionofnaturalresources.Greenbuildingscanalsoresultinloweroperatingcostsbecausetheytypicallyuselessenergyandfewermaterialsandimproveindoorairquality,improvingthehealthofpeoplewholivethere.Theprocessofbuildinggreenincludestechnicalandartisticplanningwithnatureprotectioninmind.Buildingdesignsoftenreflectthesurroundingenvironmentandnaturalresourcesanduserenewablebuildingmaterialssuchasbambooandstraw.Inaddition,recycledresourcesfoundlocallyareusedforgreenbuildings,reducingthecostandairpollutionassociatedwithtransportingmaterialslongdistances.Carefulsiteselectionisimportanttominimize（最小化）humaneffectonthesurroundingenvironment.Forexample,placingastructureinanareathatallowsittotakeadvantageofcoolbreezes（微風(fēng)）andsunlightcanreduceenergyuseandexpenses.Moreenergyandexpenseareneededforlargerbuildingsaswell,soitisimportanttobuildsmall.Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcost.Theseroofsarepartiallyorcompletelycoveredwithplants,whichhelpstokeepheatingandcoolingcostslow,preventwaterrunningoffanddealwithpollutants.Otherfeaturesofgreenbuildingsoftenincludeenergyandwaterprotection,recyclingandwastereduction.Inaddition,renewableenergysourcessuchassolarpower,waterpowerandwindpowerareusedforheatandelectricity,whichgreatlyreducescostsanddecreasestheinfluenceontheenvironment.1、Whatcanweknowaboutgreenbuilding?A．Producingnowaste.B．Onlyusingcleanenergy.C．Beingmadeofnewmaterials.D．Environmentalfriendly.2、Whatisagreenbuildingprobablylikeaccordingtothefifthparagraph?A．Large.B．Small.C．Green.D．Low.3、Whatisthepurposeofusinggreenroofs?A．Tofittheenvironment.B．Tokeepwarm.C．Tocollectnaturewater.D．Tolowercosts.4、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Promotingenergyefficiency.B．Environmentalbenefits.C．Buildinggreen.D．Ecosystemsandbiodiversity.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)FamousBritishphysicistStephenHawking,1．mentalgeniusandphysicaldisabilitymadehimahouseholdnameandinspirationacrosstheglobe,hasdiedatage2．Propelled(推動(dòng))tosuperstarbyhis1988bookABriefHistoryofTime,whichbecame3．unlikelyworldwidebestseller,Hawkingdevoted4．(he)tounlockingthesecretsoftheUniverseHisgeniusandwit5．(win)overfansfromfarbeyondtheworldofastrophysics,earningcomparisonswithAlbertEinsteinandSirIsaacNewtonHawkingdied6．(peaceful)athishomeintheBritishuniversitycityofCambridgeintheearlyhoursofWednesdaymorning“Wearedeeplysaddenedthatourbelovedfatherpassedawaytoday,”professorHawking’schildrensaidinastatement7．(carry)byBritain’sPressAssociationnewsagency“Hewasagreatscientistandanextraordinarymanwhoseworkandlegacywilllive8．formanyyears”Hawkingrefusedtoacceptthepredictionsthathewouldonlyliveforafewyearsafterdevelopingaformofmotorneuronediseaseinhisearly9．(twenty)Theillnessgraduallyrobbedhimofmobility,10．(leave)himconfinedtoawheelchair,almostcompletelyparalysedandunabletospeakexceptthroughhisvoicesynthesiser(合成器)“Hiscourageandpersistencewithhisbrillianceand11．(humorous)inspiredpeopleacrosstheworld,”hisfamilysaidChineseBullfightersBringMartialArts(武術(shù))toTheirSportSeveraltimesaweekRenRuzhibattlesanopponent(對(duì)手)thatisfivetimes1．(he)weightandstrongenoughtokillhimHeisskilledinfightingbulls(公牛),ananimalknown2．itsaggressivebehaviorRenteachestheChinesemartialartofkungfuThe24-year-old’smixingofmartialartsandbullfighting3．(worry)hismotherHowever,RenhasneverbeenhurtHesaysthat4．(battle)thebullmakeshimfeelenergized“Itsymbolizesthe5．(brave)ofaman,”RentoldtheReutersnewsagencyinthecityofJiaxing,ChinaBullfightingmaybemorefamousinSpain,6．itisusuallyverybloody,whiletheChineseformofbullfightingisnotso7．(violence)Insteaditcombinesmovesfromthesportofwrestlingwiththeskillandspeedofkungfu8．(bring)downanimalsweighingupto400kilogramsHanHaihua,aformerwrestler,teachesbullfightersathisHaihuaKungFuSchoolinJiaxingHansaidthe9．(physical)demandingsportrequiresfighterstotrainintensivelyandtheyusuallyhaveshortcareersHandescribed10．formofbullfightingheteachesastheexplosivepowerofhard“qigong”,sayingitcombinestheskillandspeedofmartialartswithtraditionalwrestlingmovesSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Wearenotbornwithcourage,butneitherarewebornwithfear.Fears,eventhemostbasicones,cantotallydestroyourambitions.Fearcandestroyfortunes.Fearcandestroyrelationships.Fear,ifleftunchecked,candestroyourlives.Fearisoneofthemanyenemieslivinginsideus.1、Thefirstenemywefaceisindecision.Indecisionisthethiefofopportunity.2、Takeaswordtothisenemy.Thesecondenemyinsideisdoubt.3、Butyoualsocan'tletdoubttakeover.Manypeopledoubtthepast,doubtthefuture,doubteachother,doubtthegovernment,doubtthepossibilitiesanddoubttheopportunities.Worstofall,theydoubtthemselves.I'mtellingyou,doubtwilldestroyyourlifeandyourchancesofsuccess.Itwillemptybothyourbankaccountandyourheart.4、Dobattlewiththeenemies.Dobattlewithyourfears.5、Becourageousinyourlifeandinyourpursuitofthethingsyouwantandthepersonyouwanttobecome.A．Sure,there'sroomforhealthydoubt.Youcan'tbelieveeverything.B．Buildyourcouragetofightwhat'sholdingyouback,what'skeepingyoufromyourgoalsanddreams.C．Letmetellyouabouttwooftheotherenemieswefacefromwithin.D．Belowarethewayswhichmightbeusefulforustoovercomeourfears.E.Doubtisanenemy.Goafterit.Getridofit.F.Itwillstealyourchancesforabetterfuture.G.Somepeopledoubteverything.Thereisnosoundworsethananalarmclockfirstthinginthemorning.Someofusarethetypetojoltoutofbedwithasmile.1、Whil