英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)講解與練習(xí)+常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案

中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)講解與練習(xí)+常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案動(dòng)詞一、動(dòng)詞的種類：四種（一）行為動(dòng)詞(如playstudyrun)有具體動(dòng)作意義（二）連系動(dòng)詞（如isamaregetfeelkeepstay）等，后+形容詞作表語(yǔ)（三）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（如canmaymustshouldwould）等，表示禁止、命令、請(qǐng)求等意義，+動(dòng)詞原形（四）助動(dòng)詞（如be+v–ing中的be；Doyou….?中的do；Hedoesn’tlike.中的doesn’t;Didyouhave….?中的did）只起語(yǔ)法作用，無(wú)意義，不必翻譯二、動(dòng)詞的形式：（一）動(dòng)詞原形如playstudyrun（二）動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式如playedstudiedran（三）動(dòng)詞三單形式如playsstudiesruns（四）動(dòng)詞ing形式（也叫動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞）如playingstudyingrunning（五）動(dòng)詞不定式（即to+動(dòng)詞原形）如toplaytostudytorun三、選擇動(dòng)詞正確形式的方法（一）主語(yǔ)后需填動(dòng)詞時(shí)，注意動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，主要從該句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)判斷，有時(shí)也要從上下語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷。如I(like)comedies,butIdon’tlikethrillers從后句Idon’tlike可判斷前句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以根據(jù)主語(yǔ)I填入like的原形注意常見(jiàn)的時(shí)態(tài)有：1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，常與often;always.onceaweekeveryday等詞或短語(yǔ)連用2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語(yǔ)+be+v-ing形式，常與look,listen,overtherenow祈使句等連用3、一般將來(lái)時(shí)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)表示即主語(yǔ)+be+ving形式，常與nextSundaytomorrowforvacation等詞連用4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與yesterdaylastyear，longbefore等詞連用根據(jù)上面提示，完成下列句子1LilaisanEnglishgirl,butshe______(like)BeijingOpera2.Look!Thestudents________(play)basketballoverthere.3What________they______(do)fortheirvacation?4How____(be)theweatherinShanghai?Itwasrainy5_______you______(go)fishingwithZhanghua?Yes,Idid.6.Areyou______(feel)well?No,Doctor.（二）如果主語(yǔ)后謂語(yǔ)不缺少，則考慮特殊動(dòng)詞后的用法。下面我們來(lái)介紹接todo,doing和do原形的特殊動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和句型（1）接todo形式的動(dòng)詞有：1wanttodosth.想要做某事`````wantsb.todosth.想讓某人做某事``````2helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事````3needtodosth.需要做``````4plantodosth.計(jì)劃做5hopetodosth.希望做````6trytodosth..盡量做````````7decidetodosth.決定做```````8It’stime(forsb.)todosth.（該某人）做````的時(shí)間9I’msorrytohearthat+句子聽(tīng)到`````很難過(guò)10havetodosth.必須做`````11wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.想要做```````12forgettodosth.忘記做``````13remembertodosth.記住要去做（區(qū)別rememberdoing）``````14asksb.todosth.請(qǐng)求/要求某人做``````15It’skindofyoutodosth謝謝你做`````16Ittakessb.(賓語(yǔ))一段時(shí)間todosth.花費(fèi)某人一段時(shí)間做``````17It’s+形容詞+(forsb.)+todosth.（對(duì)于某人而言）做`````很`````完成下面練習(xí)1Whatdoeshewant_____(be)?Anurse2Hey,Tom.It’stime______(take)walks.3Isiteasy____(keep)abalanceofyinandyang?4Wheredoyouplan____(spend)yourvacation?5You.’reoftenlateforschool.Canyoutry_____(get)toschoolearly?6Letmehelpyou_____--(find)yourwatch.7Whatwouldyoulike______(eat)?Noodles.8Beijingisagoodplace______(have)fun.9Iamsothirsty,couldyougivemesomething_____(drink)?10Weneedtohavehealthyfood_______(keep)healthy（動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)為了`````）.（2）后接doing形式的有：1.enjoydoingsth.喜歡做`````/享受做```的樂(lè)趣 2.finishdoingsth.完成做``````3.stopdoingsth停止做`````4.practicedoingsth練習(xí)做``````.5.sb.+spendstime(in)doingsth.某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做``````6.havefundoingsth.做````很有趣7.bebusydoingsth.忙于做``````8.begoodatdoingsth.=dowellindoingsth..擅長(zhǎng)于做```````9.thanksfordoingsth.謝謝你做`````10.keepdoingsth.堅(jiān)持做````11.Howaboutdoingsth.?=Whataboutdoingsth.?````怎么樣（用來(lái)提建議）?完成下面的練習(xí)1Theyallenjoyed_______(camp)yesterday.2Pleasefinish_______(make)cakes!3Don’tstop______(practice)theEnglishconversations.4Youshouldpractice_______(swim)alotifyouwanttostayhealthy.5Thailandisabeautifulcountry.Howabout_______(go)thereand_____(visit)it?.6Wereyouoftenbusy______(surf)theInternetlastyear?YesIwas7DidMaryhavefun_______(hike)inthemountainslastFriday?8Theyaregoodat______(speak)Japanese.9.Tina,Thanksfor_______(help)me★★★表示做某事是一種習(xí)慣，愛(ài)好時(shí)也可用v–ing形式，或作句子的主語(yǔ)如：Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.或作句子的表語(yǔ)如：Myhobbyisplayingbasketball★★★在某些固定短語(yǔ)中也用v–ing形式如：dosomereading/cleaning/washing/shopping…..還有g(shù)oshopping/swimming/hiking/bikeriding/sightseeing/fishing/boating/camping./skateboarding/skiing（滑雪）….（3）既可接v-ing形式，還可接to形式，且意義相同的動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)ikedoing=liketodo,startdoing=starttodo;begintodo=begindoingremember/forget/stop（4）后接動(dòng)詞原形有:1使役動(dòng)詞如：makelet等詞后，它們的意義為使，叫，讓2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞如：can,could,may,must,would,should等詞后3祈使句中，如：-Jane,_______(come)here,please.-OK,MaryDon’t________(forget)tocloseyourdoor.★★★祈使句的否定形式有兩種表示方法如：Don’tsmokehere=Nosmokinghere但是第二種形式多用于公共場(chǎng)合4Let’s+v原形（用來(lái)提建議）5Whynot+v原形？（用來(lái)提建議）=Whydon’tyou+v原形？完成下列句子1Icould______(read)abookwhenIwas4yearsold.2Canyouplease________(write)tomesoon?3Youshould_______(lie)downandrestwhenyouarestressedout.4Thesadmoviemadeeveryone_______(cry)5Thatmakesme________(feel)happy.動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)()1.--HowlongmayI______yourbook?--Foraweek.Butyoumusn’t______ittoothers.A.borrow;lendB.keep;lendC.lend;borrowD.keep;borrow()2.Itwon’t______themmuchtimetoflytoBeijingfromShanghai.A.spendB.useC.takeD.pay()3.MrWang______beinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythismorning.A.mustn’tbeB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t()4.–DoyoulikethemusictheMoonlightSonata?--Yes,it______reallybeautiful.A.FeelsB.soundsC.listensD.hears()5.Lilyfinished_______thebookyesterday.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.reads()6.MrsBrownisn’there.Shehasto______herbabyathome.A.lookatB.lookforC.looklikeD.lookafter()7.Ihavetogonow.pleaserememberto_______thelightswhenyouleave.A.turnoffB.turndownC.turnupD.turnon()8.Susan’sparentshaveboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.It_______beveryexpensive.A.mustB.canC.mustn’tD.can’t()9.–It’stoohot.Wouldyoumind_______thedoor?--_______.Pleasedoitnow.A.toopen;OKB.opening;CertainlynotC.opening;OfcourseD.toopen;Goodidea()10.Iwantto_______thisbookforamonth.A.borrowB.keepC.lendD.get()11.–Howmanytimes_______you_______toBeijingthisyear?--Threetimes.A.have;beenB.had;beenC.have;goneD.had;gone()12.Whatanicebag!Butshe_______onlythirtydollarsforit.A.costB.tookC.spendD.paid()13.Cotton_______niceandsoft.A.isfeltB.isfeelingC.feelD.feels()14.Ithinkthisisthebestwaytosolvetheproblem.Doyou_______me?A.playwithB.hearofC.agreewithD.getonwellwith()15.–Guesswhoiscomingtosupper.–Idon’tknow._______me.A.SpeakB.SayC.TellD.Talk()16.Please_______yourphonesherewithyoutomorrow.A.takeB.bringC.carryD.lift()17.Don’t_______yourlessons.We’llhelpyou.A.worryB.worriedaboutC.beworriedaboutD.beafraid()18.Thewindowisbroken.Tryto_______whobrokeit.A.findoutB.findC.lookD.lookfor()19.Hecould_______neitherFrenchnorGerman.SoI______withhiminEnglish.A.speak;talkedB.talk;toldC.say;spokeD.tell;talked()20.Theticketisonthefloor.Wouldyouplease_______forme?A.pickitupB.pickupitC.pickupthemD.pickthemup()21.Ifyoudon’tknowaword,youmust_______thewordinadictionary.A.lookupB.lookdownC.lookoverD.lookout()22.It’stimeforclass.We’dbetter_______.A.stoptotalkB.tostoptotalkC.stoptalkingD.tostoptalking()23.Therewasastrangesoundoutside.Marywentoutand_______around,butshe_______nothing.A.looked;sawB.saw;sawC.watched;lookedD.looked;find()24.Thewoman_______thechildquicklyandtookhimtohospital.A.putonB.dressedC.hadonD.waswearing()25.–Oh,youpaintedthewallsyourself?--Yes.Itwasnothard.Thewholeworkdidn’t_______much.A.wantB.costC.spendD.pay()26.--_______allyourthings,Tom!Ihatethemhereandthere.–OK,Mum.A.PutupB.PutonC.PutdownD.Putaway()27.Yukiloveswearingstrangehatsbecauseshewantspeopleto_______her.A.believeB.controlC.noticeD.visit()28._______!It’sthemusicofMozart.Bequiet.A.HearB.SoundC.SingD.Listen()29.–Theroomissodirty._______wecleanit?--Ofcourse.A.WillB.WouldC.DoD.Shall()30.Wemustdosomethingtostoppeoplefrom_______.A.tothrowlitteraboutB.tothrowlitterintoC.throwinglitteraboutD.throwinglitterinto情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)Exercise1:Circlethebestanswer.1.Look!Thelightisoutinherroom.She____tobedalready.a.mustgob.hadtogoc.musthavegoned.hasgone2.OurChineseteacherissixty-six.Oh,no.She_____oversixty,Ithink.a.isb.mustn'tbec.can'tbed.shouldn'tbe3.Theyhurriedsothatthey_____notmisstheetrain.a.mightb.shouldc.oughtd.could4.I_____gohomeabitlatertonightthancomeagaintomorrow.a.wouldratherb.hadtoc.hadbetterd.must5.Let'shurryorwe'llbelate.Idon'tthinkwe______togorightnow,it'sonlyeight.a.oughtb.havec.needd.should6.You_____smokemore.Itwillmakeyousick.a.shouldn’tb.can'tc.don'thaved.wouldn't7.Wehadawonderfultimeyesterday.You______.Whydidn'tyoucome?a.hadtocomeb.shouldhavecomec.mighthavecomed.musthavecome8.I______leavehomealoneatnightwithoutpermission.a.don’tdareb.daren'tc.haven'ttod.daren'tto9.This_____Bill'shouse.It'snumber101.Oh,Idon'tthinkso.Hesaidalargewhitehousebutthisisasmallyellowone.a.canbeb.mustbec.maybed.maybe10.Studentsshouldn'tforgettostudy.They_____todotheirhomeworkeveryday.a.oughtb.shouldc.mustd.mightExercise2:Circletheletterofthebestanswer.1.Whydidyouanswerso?You_____meyouweren'tcomingtodinner.Iwaitedforyoufortwohours.a.shouldtellb.shouldhavetoldc.shouldtoldd.shouldhadtold2.Whydidn'tyoucometoyogaclasseslastnight?BecauseI_____formysisteruntil9:30.a.musthavebabysatb.hadtobabysitc.mustbabysitd.havetobabysit3.Helen,willyoubeatthepartytonight?I_____a.can'tb.won'tc.mustn'td.shouldn't4.Whattimedoyouexpectyourparents?They_______comearound4:00.a.areb.oughtc.shouldd.can5.HaveyouseenMarie?Shewasn'tfeelingwell._____gonehome.a.Shemightbeenb.Mightshehavec.Shemighthasd.Shecould6.HasTony'splanelanded?No,butit_____hereinafewminutes.a.mayhavebeenb.shouldhavebeenc.havetobed.oughttobe7.Whyareyouputtingonyourcoat?I_____go.It'sgettinglate.a.hadbetterb.oughtc.wouldd.have8.Doyouliketoplaytennis?I_____,butnowIprefergolf.a.usedtob.usedtodoc.usedtoplayedd.usedtoplaying9.You'reareallyfastswimmer.WhenIwasyounger,I_____amileinfortyminutes.a.couldswimb.shouldswimc.mayswimd.mustswim10.Ican'tseemtofindmypurse.______itathome?a.Youmighthaveleftb.Mightyouhaveleftc.Youmustleaved.MaybeyouleavePhrases:1.Theyshut____theirtownhouseandmovedtothecountryforthesummer.A.downB.offC.inD.up2.Indevelopingcountriespeopleare____intoovercrowdedcitiesingreatnumbers.A.breakingB.fillingC.pouringD.hurrying3.Itwasunwiseofherto____theunreliable(不可靠的)datainherreport.A.refertoB.keeptoC.addtoD.pointto4.Mybrotherwantstobuyanewtieto____thiswhitesuit.A.gointoB.goafterC.gowithD.goby5.Ineedabookdealing____pollutionproblems.A.aboutB.withC.onD.to6.Iwascaught____therainyesterday.A.inB.byC.withD.at7.Wealways____whatwehavesaid.A.gettoB.leadtoC.holdtoD.seetoB.Thestatesman’sabilitytolearnfromobservations(觀察)andexperience______greatlytohissuccessinpubliclife.A.contributedB.broughtC.meantD.related9WhenMrs.Johnsongetsold,shewill____herbusinesstoherson.A.takeoverB.thinkoverC.handoverD.getover10．Importantpeopledon’toftenhavemuchfreetimeastheirworktakes_____alltheirtime.A.awayB.overC.inD.up12.Themoonshinesbrightly,asifitgave_____lightbyitself.A.offB.awayC.upD.in13.Thecarbroke_____halfwayfornoreason.A.offB.downC.upD.out14.Ifyouhappento____mylostpaperswhileyou’relookingforyoubook,pleaseinformmeatonce.A.comeacrossB.cometoC.comeupD.comeover15.Mygrandmotherpassed_____attheageofninety-nine.A.onB.awayC.offD.by16.Howdoyouget_____withyounewclassmatessinceyouhadenteredintoanewschool?A.inB.alongC.longD.across17.Awordfromtheteacherwillhaveagreat_____onourchildren.A.efficiencyB.effectC.effortD.affect18.Wefinally_____anagreementafterthreemonths’hardbargaining（討價(jià)還價(jià)）.A.reachedB.arrivedC.didD.drove19.Inherletterhetoldmethathehadalready_____aroomforusinahotel.A.orderedB.appliedC.reservedD.demanded20.He_____myinvitationwiththankbecauseofhisbusybusiness.A.acceptedB.answeredC.refusedD.ignored21.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_____,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome22.—ShallItellJohnaboutit?—No,you_____.I’vetoldhimalready.A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t23.—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—It_____acomfortablejourney.A.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen24.Johnny,you_____playwiththeknife,you_____hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’t25.—Willyoustayforlunch?—Sorry,_____.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t26.—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?—I’mnotsure.I_____gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might27.—Writetomewhenyougethome.—_____.A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican28.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou,you_____homewithoutaword.A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave29.You_____returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot30.IwishI_____youyesterday.A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee31.Jenny_____havekeptherword.Iwonderwhyshechangedhermind.A.mustB.shouldC.needD.would1John___cometoseeustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must3-MayItakethisbookout?-No,you___.A.can'tB.maynotC.needn'tD.aren'tYou___goandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyou’vegotafever.A.canB.mustC.dareD.would4-CanyouspeakJapanese?-No,I____.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.maynot5-----He___beintheclassroom,Ithink.-------No,he___beintheclassroom.Isawhimgohomeaminuteago.A.can;maynotB.must;maynotC.may;can'tD.may;mustn't6-ShallIgetonemorecakeforyou,Dad?-Thanks,butyou___,I'vehadenough.A.maynotB.mustnotC.can'tD.needn't7Eventhetopstudentsinourclasscan'tworkoutthisproblem,soitbeverydifficult.A.mayB.mustC.canD.need8Heisn'tatschool.Ithinkhe___beill.A.canB.shallC.mustD.hasto9.___Itakethisone?Yes,please.A.MayB.WillC.AreD.Do10.Thechildren___playfootballontheroad.A.can'tB.canC.mustn'tD.must11.You___belateforschoolagainnexttime.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.don'thavetoD.don'tneedto12.-MustIdomyhomeworkatonce?-No,you___.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.maynot13.Hisarmisallright.He___goandseethedoctor.A.hasnottoB.don'thavetoC.haven'ttoD.doesn'thaveto14.Hehadtogiveuptheplan,___he?A.didB.didn'tC.doesD.doesn't15.Janeisunhappy,_____?A..isshe?B.doshe?C.doesn’tshe?D.isn’tshe?16.Thepoormanneedsourhelp,___he?A.needB.needn'tC.doesD.doesn't17.Excuseme.___youpleasepassmethatcup?A.DoB.ShouldC.WouldD.Must動(dòng)名詞還用在下列固定搭配中，如：bebusydoingsth.,beworthdoingsth.,burstout）crying/laughing(Sheburstedoutlaugher/tears,nobodyknowsthereason.),havetrouble/difficultydoingsth.cannothelpdoingsth.,haveatimedoingsth.(費(fèi)很大力氣做……但注意區(qū)別sbhave(no)timetodosth.有(沒(méi))時(shí)間做……),haveabad/hardtimedoingsth.(做……不愉快),haveagood/pleasanttimedoingsth.(做……很愉快),spend/wastetime(money)doingsth.,beno/any/someuse(good)doingsth.等。初中英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的集中(課后背誦內(nèi)容）

A)動(dòng)詞+介詞B)agreewith同意......的意見(jiàn)(想法);符合baseon以......(為)根據(jù)listento聽(tīng)......getto到達(dá)......falloff(從......)掉下help...with...幫助(某人)做(某事)knockat/on敲(門(mén)、窗)laughat嘲笑learn...from...向......學(xué)習(xí)liveon繼續(xù)存在;靠......生活lookafter照顧,照看lookat看;觀看lookfor尋找looklike看起來(lái)像payfor(sth.)付錢(qián);支付pointat指示;指向pointto指向......preferto...寧愿(選擇);更喜歡quarrelwith(和某人)吵架C)regard...as...把......當(dāng)作......;當(dāng)作stop...from阻止...做....talkabout說(shuō)話;談話;談?wù)搕alkwith與......交談thinkabout考慮thinkof認(rèn)為;想起D)B)動(dòng)詞+副詞askfor請(qǐng)求;詢問(wèn)carryon堅(jiān)持下去;繼續(xù)下去cutdown砍倒cleanup清除;收拾干凈comedown下來(lái);落comealong來(lái);隨同comein進(jìn)來(lái)comeon來(lái)吧;跟著來(lái);趕快comeout出來(lái);出現(xiàn);(花)開(kāi);發(fā)(芽)comeover過(guò)來(lái);順便來(lái)訪dropoff放下(某物);下車(chē)eatup吃光;吃完E)fallbehind落在......后面;輸給別人F)falldown跌倒;從......落下findout查出(真相)getback回來(lái);取回getdown下來(lái);落下;把......取下來(lái)getoff下來(lái);從......下來(lái)geton上(車(chē))getup起床goon繼續(xù)giveup放棄goon繼續(xù)goout出去goover過(guò)一遍;仔細(xì)檢查growup長(zhǎng)大;成長(zhǎng)G)handin上交H)holdon(口語(yǔ))等一等;(打電話時(shí))不掛斷hurryup趕快lookout留神;注意lookover(仔細(xì))檢查lookup向上看;抬頭看passon傳遞;轉(zhuǎn)移到......pickup拾起;撿起，接送putaway放好;把......收起來(lái)puton穿上;戴上;(戲劇等)上演;放(唱片等)=beonputdown把(某物)放下來(lái)putup掛起;舉起runaway流失;逃跑;逃走rushout沖出去setoff出發(fā);動(dòng)身;啟程sendup發(fā)射;把......往上送shutdown把......關(guān)上sitdown坐下slowdown減緩;減速takeoff脫掉(衣服)takeout取出throwabout亂丟;拋撒tripover(被......)絆倒tryon試穿(衣服、鞋等);試戴(帽子等)tryout試驗(yàn);嘗試turndown關(guān)小;調(diào)低I)turnup開(kāi)大；調(diào)大turnon打開(kāi)(電燈、收音機(jī)、煤氣、自來(lái)水等)turnoff關(guān)(電燈、收音機(jī)、煤氣、自來(lái)水等)turnover(使)翻過(guò)來(lái)wakeup醒來(lái)wearout把......穿舊;磨壞workout算出;制訂出J)writedown寫(xiě)下......C)be+形容詞+介詞beangrywith對(duì)(某人)發(fā)脾氣beinterestedin對(duì)......感興趣beableto能;會(huì)beafraidof害怕beamazedat對(duì)......感到驚訝beexcitedabout對(duì)......感到興奮K)befilledwith用......充L)befullof充滿......的begoodat(=dowellin)

在......方面做得好;善于belatefor遲到bemadein在......生產(chǎn)或制造bemadeof由......組成;由......構(gòu)成bepleasedwith對(duì)......感到滿意beproudof以......自豪(高興)beusedfor用于D)動(dòng)詞+名詞/代詞begone'spardon請(qǐng)?jiān)?對(duì)不起domorningexercises做早操doone'shomework做作業(yè)enjoyoneself(=haveagoodtime)

過(guò)得快樂(lè);玩得愉快giveaconcert開(kāi)音樂(lè)會(huì)goboating去劃船gofishing去釣魚(yú)gohiking去徒步旅行g(shù)oskating去滑冰goshopping(去)買(mǎi)東西haveacold(患)感冒haveacough(患)咳嗽haveaheadache(患)頭痛haveatry嘗試;努力havealook看一看havearest休息haveaseat(=takeaseat)就坐;坐下havesports進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng)havesupper吃晚餐hearof聽(tīng)說(shuō)holdasportsmeeting舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)makeadecision作出決定makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤makeanoise吵鬧makefaces做鬼臉makefriends交朋友makemoney賺錢(qián)takeone\'splace坐某人的座位;代替某人的職務(wù)teachoneself(=learnbyoneself)自學(xué)takephotos照相taketime花費(fèi)(時(shí)間)taketurns輪流watchTV看電視E)動(dòng)詞+名詞/代詞/副詞+介詞catchupwith趕上comeupwith找到;提出(答案、解決辦法等)getonwellwith與......相處融洽givebirthto生(孩子)helpyourself/yourselvesto自取;隨便吃makeroomfor給......騰出地方playajokeon戲弄人;對(duì)人惡作劇speakhighlyof稱贊saygoodbyeto告別;告辭takeanactivepartin積極參加takecareof照顧;照料;注意

F)其他類型beawake醒著的beborn出生bebusydoing忙著做......cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)doone'sbest盡最大努力

fallasleep睡覺(jué);入睡

gohome回家

goondoing(sth.)繼續(xù)做某事;盡力

getmarried結(jié)婚

gettogether相聚

gostraightalong

沿著......一直往前走

hadbetter(do)最好(做......)keepdoingsth.一直做某事makesure確保;確認(rèn);查明

makeupone'smind下決心二、英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練2．環(huán)境保護(hù)人人有責(zé)，如果我們每一個(gè)人都能珍愛(ài)美麗地球保護(hù)自然資源，相信我們的家園會(huì)越來(lái)越美好。某英文網(wǎng)站正在開(kāi)展以“GoingGreen”為主題的征文活動(dòng)。假如你是李華，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿，談?wù)勎覀兠媾R的主要環(huán)境問(wèn)題是什么，為改善環(huán)境我們能做什么，以及你的期望。提示詞語(yǔ)：pollution,protect,save,recycle,takeaction提示問(wèn)題：●Whatarethemainenvironmentalproblemswehave?●Whatcanwedoinourdailylife?●What’syourwish?Nowtherearemanyenvironmentalproblems.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文Nowtherearemanyenvironmentalproblems.Suchasairpollution,waterpollutionandsoon.Ibelievethattherearemanythingswecandoinourdailylife,wecansaveenergybygotoschoolbybikeoronfoot.Wecanuselesswaterbyturningoffthetapwhilewebrushourteeth,andtakingshortershowers.Whenweseelitterontheground,wemustpickitupandputitintodifferentbins.Ihopeeveryonecantakeaction.Althougheachoneofusmayonlydoalittle,togetherwecanmakeabigdifference.Let’sworktogethertomakeabetterplacetolive.【解析】【詳解】題干解讀：該題目屬于說(shuō)明文寫(xiě)作，寫(xiě)作時(shí)要把我們面臨的主要環(huán)境問(wèn)題是什么，為改善環(huán)境我們能做什么，以及你的期望全部包括。例文點(diǎn)評(píng)：例文采用的是三段式；用第一人稱來(lái)敘述為改善環(huán)境我們能做什么；時(shí)態(tài)采用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，描述建議時(shí)，描寫(xiě)具體，條理清晰。高分亮點(diǎn)：短語(yǔ)：saveenergy；brushourteeth；putitintodifferentbins；takeaction；makeabigdifference。句型：Whenweseelitterontheground,wemustpickitupandputitintodifferentbins；Althougheachoneofusmayonlydoalittle,togetherwecanmakeabigdifference。【點(diǎn)睛】首先認(rèn)真審題，看清題目中的要求和要點(diǎn)；然后根據(jù)提示內(nèi)容，列出寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)及每個(gè)要點(diǎn)中可能要用到的表達(dá)，例如saveenergy；brushourteeth；putitintodifferentbins；takeaction；makeabigdifference。以及狀語(yǔ)從句等；然后緊扣要點(diǎn)，動(dòng)筆寫(xiě)作，在寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中，要注意句與句、段與段之間的過(guò)渡，必要時(shí)可適當(dāng)運(yùn)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、并列、比較等關(guān)系的連詞，使文章過(guò)渡平穩(wěn)，自然流暢；最后，要仔細(xì)檢查有無(wú)單詞拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)誤用等，還要檢查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理，有無(wú)重復(fù)、啰嗦的語(yǔ)言，大小寫(xiě)是否正確，詞數(shù)是否符合要求等。3．2019年2月20日，中央宣傳部授予北京榜樣優(yōu)秀群體“時(shí)代楷?！狈Q號(hào)。時(shí)代楷模充分體現(xiàn)“愛(ài)國(guó)、敬業(yè)、誠(chéng)信、友善”的價(jià)值準(zhǔn)則。某網(wǎng)站正在開(kāi)展以“向時(shí)代楷模學(xué)習(xí)”為主題的英語(yǔ)征文活動(dòng)。假如你是李華，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿，談?wù)勆钪心阍撛趺醋?，以及這樣做的意義。提示詞語(yǔ)：pickup,rubbish,study,honest,important提示問(wèn)題：●Whatshouldyoudoinyourdailylife?●Whydoyoudoso?Asamiddlestudent,Icandoalottolearnfromourrolemodels.【答案】例文Asamiddlestudent,Icandoalottolearnfromourrolemodels.First,wecanprotecttheenvironment.Forexample,wecanpickuptherubbish,recyclethingsinourdailylife,andsoon.Second,weshallrespectpeoplearoundus.Respectotherstostartfromsmallthings.Third,behavewell.Weshouldbekindtoothers,warm-heartedtoeveryone,andgeneroustoourfriends.Bydoingso,ourworldwillbecomemoreandmorebeautiful.【解析】【詳解】題干解讀：該題目屬于應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作，但寫(xiě)作時(shí)要按照應(yīng)用文格式寫(xiě)，寫(xiě)作時(shí)承接短文開(kāi)頭，具體寫(xiě)出怎樣做以及這樣做的意義。例文點(diǎn)評(píng)：例文采用的是一段式，人稱用的是第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)形式，時(shí)態(tài)主要用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，描述具體怎么做時(shí)，描寫(xiě)細(xì)致，條理清晰。高分亮點(diǎn)：短語(yǔ)：protecttheenvironment；pickuptherubbish；behavewell；bekindtosb；moreandmorebeautiful。句型：Bydoingso,ourworldwillbecomemoreandmorebeautiful；wecanpickuptherubbish,recyclethingsinourdailylife,andsoon。4．旅行是學(xué)習(xí)的最好方式之一。請(qǐng)以“Travelling”為題，根據(jù)以下思維導(dǎo)圖的提示，寫(xiě)一篇短文，并發(fā)表你的看法。注意：1.要點(diǎn)齊全，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；2.從思維導(dǎo)圖Sayings部分，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)母窈侠砝迷诙涛闹校?.詞數(shù)：100詞左右；【答案】例文Travellingisoneofthebestwaysforlearning.Youmayhavereadorheardaboutsomething,butyoucannevergetanexactpictureofituntilyouseeityourself.Seeingisbelieving.Ifyouareacarefulobserver,youcanlearnmuchduringyourtravelaboutthegeography,biology,andhistoryoftheplacesyouvisit.Youcanalsocreategreatmemoriesforyourlifetime.Furthermore,whiletravelling,youcanmeetmorepeopleandmakemorefriends.Nomatterhowwelleducatedyouare,thereisalwaysalotforyoutolearnthroughtravelling.【解析】【詳解】這篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短語(yǔ)，為文章增色不少，如oneofthebestways，learnmuch，anexactpictureof，acarefulobserver，seeingisbelieving，nomatter，alot等。而非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)Seeingisbelieving./Furthermore,whiletravelling,youcanmeetmorepeopleandmakemorefriends.和Ifyouareacarefulobserver,youcanlearnmuchduringyourtravelaboutthegeography,biology,andhistoryoftheplacesyouvisit./Nomatterhowwelleducatedyouare,thereisalwaysalotforyoutolearnthroughtravelling.等復(fù)雜從句結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用，豐富了短文內(nèi)容，使表達(dá)多樣化，是本文的亮點(diǎn)。在學(xué)習(xí)中注意總結(jié)牢記一些固定句式及短語(yǔ)，寫(xiě)作時(shí)就可以適當(dāng)引用，使文章表達(dá)更有邏輯性，也更富有條理?！军c(diǎn)睛】書(shū)面表達(dá)題既不是漢譯英，也不是可任意發(fā)揮的作文。它要求將所規(guī)定的材料內(nèi)容經(jīng)整理后展開(kāi)思維，考查運(yùn)用所學(xué)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)意思的能力。所以，考生不能遺漏要點(diǎn)，要盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞、短語(yǔ)和句式，盡可能使用高級(jí)詞匯和較復(fù)雜的句式結(jié)構(gòu)以便得到較高的分?jǐn)?shù)。5．“inspire”一詞的漢語(yǔ)解釋是“激勵(lì)；鼓舞；賦予靈感；或啟發(fā)思考”等。請(qǐng)以“Thepersonwhoinspiredme”為題寫(xiě)一篇不少于80詞的短文，向校報(bào)的英語(yǔ)園地投稿。要點(diǎn)：1.Whatkindofpersonishe/she？2.Howdidhe/sheinspireyou？要求：1.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的姓名和校名。2.語(yǔ)言流暢，字跡清楚?！敬鸢浮縏hepersonwhoinspiredmeManypeoplearoundgavemedeepimpressions.Theyhelpedme,encouragedmeandinspiredme.Butthepersonwhoinspiredmemost,Ithink,ismyfriendWangPeng.WangPengisasmallthinboywithtwobigblackeyes.Hedoesn'ttalktoomuch,butalwayskeepsasmileonhisface.Heiswarm-heartedandreadytohelpothers.IfIneedanyhelpformymathexercises,heisalwaystheonethatcanhelpmeout.Asagoodstudent,hestudiesveryhard.Intheearlymorning,youcanseehimstandnearatreeandreadEnglishintensively.Fewstudentscanarriveatschoolasearlyasheis.Healsodoeswellinmanysports,suchasbadmintonandping-pang.Hegotthefirstprizeinlastyear'sping-pangcompetition.Youcanseethegoodpersonalityandthespiritofpersistenceinthissmallbody.HeismyidolandIwishIcouldbeastudentasgoodasheis.【解析】【詳解】這篇作文要求我們以Thepersonwhoinspiredme為題，介紹一個(gè)曾經(jīng)激勵(lì)過(guò)你的人。題目中用問(wèn)題的形式給予了提示，審題可知，短文應(yīng)包括兩個(gè)部分的內(nèi)容：首先介紹這個(gè)激勵(lì)過(guò)你的人是誰(shuí)，他是怎樣的一個(gè)人；然后介紹他是如何激勵(lì)你的。學(xué)生們可以這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題為提綱，發(fā)揮想象力，充實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)信息，組織語(yǔ)言，連