非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之-to-do和ing的區(qū)別

PAGEPAGE4非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之todo和ing的區(qū)別一，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別不定式指較具體的行為Ing表示抽象或者泛指的動(dòng)作（但在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中通常已經(jīng)可以互換）注意：兩者都可以用it作形式主語(yǔ)，但結(jié)構(gòu)不同1）ing詞itis+nousing/nogood/useless/awasteoftime+doingsthThereisno+ing=itisimpossibletodosthEg.it’snousewaitinghere.Thereisnotellingwhyhedidso.(thereisnoknowing/thereisnopersuading=itisimpossibletopersuade…)2)todo不定式Itis+adj(n)+(forsb)/(ofsb)+todosthEg.Itisverydifficulttodriveinthemountains.Itisashametosaylikethat.二，作表語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)一次具體動(dòng)作Ing強(qiáng)調(diào)抽象行為三，作賓語(yǔ)不定式agreedecline拒絕refuseofferpromisechoosedecidedetermineattemptintendmanagefailaskhopewanttendexpectdesirewishseekplanpreparepretendlearnmeandarearrangedemandhappenintendIng詞admitstandappreciateavoidfinishcompleteconsiderdelaydenysuggestenjoyescapeforgivekeepmindmisspractiseriskadviseallowpermitforbid或者介詞短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)gooninsiston,persistin,keepon,taketo喜歡，dreamof,getdownto,等等sumup等等Ing詞1）作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于when引起的從句Hearingthenews,theysetoffforShanghai.2)原因狀語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于because引導(dǎo)的從句Overcomewithsurprise,shewasunabletostand.3)方式或者伴隨狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句Hewalkeddownthehill,singingtohimself.4)條件狀語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)由if引導(dǎo)的從句如果…Givenanotherchance,Iwilldoitbetter.5)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于sothat引導(dǎo)的從句常由逗號(hào)自然的結(jié)果Heturnedoffthelight,seeingnothing.6)讓步狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于though，although等引導(dǎo)的從句AdmittingwhatIsaid,Istillthoughtshehadn’ttriedherbest.7）ing詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)有xlyspeaking,judgingfrom,takingeverythingintoconsideration,considering等8)這些ing詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面有時(shí)可以由連接詞when,while,unless,asif等等六補(bǔ)語(yǔ)不定式1）常有固定用法askrequesttellinviteforcepressgetbegwishpreferwantintendexpectencourageadvisepersu