政治、歷史時間及文化淵源和文化遺產【精講精研+拓展延伸】高考英語一輪復習主題詞匯 閱讀一遍過

話題二十六政治、歷史時間及文化淵源和文化遺產第一部分話題詞匯積累單詞&短語1.propertyn.__________________2.ruinsn.__________________3.prospectn.__________________4.prosperityn.__________________5.primitiveadj.__________________6.proteinn.__________________7.psychologistn.__________________8.publicationn.__________________9.publicityn.__________________10.pulsen.__________________11.punctuationn.__________________12.purchasev./n.__________________13.pursuev./n.__________________14.qualificationn.__________________15.questionnairen.__________________16.quotationn.__________________17.radiationn.__________________18.ration.__________________19.rawadj.__________________20.recallv.__________________21.receiptn.__________________22.receptionn.__________________23.recipen.__________________24.rectanglen.__________________25.recreationn.__________________26.refereen.___________________27.referencen.__________________28.reflectionn.__________________29.refundn.__________________30.regionn.__________________31.survivev.__________________32.__________________n.建議；提議；提案；求婚33.__________________v./n.抗議；反對；申明34.__________________adj.準時的；守時的；按時的35.__________________adj.感到困惑的__________________adj.令人困惑的36.__________________adj.有資格的；稱職的；合格的；有保留的37.__________________v.爭吵；吵架n.口角；爭吵38.__________________n.數(shù)量數(shù)額；數(shù)目；大量；眾多39.__________________n.質量；特性；素質；優(yōu)質40.___________________adj.種族的；人種的；種族之間的41.__________________n.痊愈；復蘇；恢復；收回；重新獲得42.___________________n.現(xiàn)實；事實adj.__________________現(xiàn)實的；實際的；明智的；逼真的adj.__________________不現(xiàn)實的；不切實際的；空想的43.__________________adj.合理的，公道的；明智的；過得去的__________________adv.合理地；適度地；明智地；尚可__________________adj.不合理的；荒唐的；非明智的；不當?shù)?4.__________________v.認出，辨認出__________________n.認出，辨認出45.___________________v.再循環(huán)；回收利用；重新使用46.__________________v.使……振作精神；重新斟滿；刷新47.對……感到自豪____________________________________48.當眾，公開地____________________________________49.汽車靠邊停下____________________________________列車進站____________________________________50.故意地，有意地____________________________________51.把……放在一邊____________________________________52.提出____________________________________53.推遲____________________________________54.putoutthefire__________________55.putupwith__________________56.outofquestion__________________57.outofthequestion_58.插隊____________________________________59.辭職/輟學____________________________________60.orrather_____________________________________61.culturalrelics____________________________________62.____________________________________屬于63._____________________________________追溯到64.有……的歷史____________________________________65.保護……免受……____________________________________66.thepastcivilization____________________________________67.oneofthewonders____________________________________68.historicrelics____________________________________69.touristattraction____________________________________70.outstandingfolkarts_____________________________________詞匯拓展1.recognizev.認識；認出；辨別出；承認；意識到；(正式)認可，接受，贊成【搭配】recognize...by/from...由……認出……recognize...as...承認是；認作They___________thismanwithoutdifficulty.他們毫不費力地認出了這個人。She___________thetuneatonce.她馬上聽出了這支曲子。Theydon't____________thenewgovernment.他們不承認這個新政府。Thefilmisnow___________asaclassic.如今，這部電影被公認為是一部經典影片?！韭?lián)想】recognitionn.認識，認出；承認2.putaside把……放在一邊；擱置；把……留待以后使用；拋開，忘記，忽視，擱置(感情或爭執(zhí))Hehad____________alotofmoneyforretirement.他已經為退休存了一筆數(shù)目相當可觀的錢了。Shetookupasliceofbread,brokeitnervously,then____________it___________.她拿起一片面包，焦慮不安地把它掰碎，又放在一邊。Weshould___________ourdifferencesanddiscussthethingswehaveincommon.我們應當拋開分歧，討論一下我們的共同點。【聯(lián)想】putup舉起，掛起；搭建putsb.up為某人安排住宿puton穿上，戴上；上演putaway把……放好putoff推遲，拖延putdown把……放下，記下；平息putout撲滅：伸出putinto把……放進……;把……譯成……putone'sheartinto全神貫注于putanendto結束putback撥回(時鐘);推遲；阻礙putupwith容忍活學活用一、閱讀下列句子，在空白處填入1個單詞或用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Ifyouhavenotkeptapetparrotbefore,itwouldbewise___________(purchase)ahandbookonthesubject.2.Thelibraryisuniqueanditsbreak-upwouldbe___________sadreflectiononthevalueweplaceonourheritage.3.Assheturnedbackshecaughtthe___________(puzzle)lookonhermother'sface.4.Teachers___________(qualify)toteachinEnglandarenotacceptedinScotlandandviceversa.5.Teacherscanonlybeexpectedtodowhatis___________(reason)andpracticable.二、翻譯句子1.約翰被公認為是全校最好的足球運動員。(recognize)__________________________________________________________________2.我為自己能在別人有困難時幫助他人而自豪。(pride)__________________________________________________________________3.到目前為止學生們已經提出了一系列問題。(putforward)__________________________________________________________________4.我要是你的話，我會毫不猶豫地接受挑戰(zhàn)。(outofquestion)__________________________________________________________________參考答案單詞&短語1.財產；所有權2.廢墟3.前途，前景4.成功，繁榮5.原始的6.蛋白質7.心理學家8.出版物9.關注，宣傳10.脈搏11.標點符號12.購買13.追求14.資格，資格證書15.問卷調查16.引語17.放射，輻射18.比例；比率19.未加工的；生的20.回憶；召回21.收據(jù)，收條22.接待；招待會23.處方；秘訣；食譜24.長方形25.消遣，娛樂26.裁判員27.提及；參考28.映像；反射；思考29.退款30.地區(qū)；范圍31.幸存32.proposal33.protest34.punctual35.puzzled;puzzling36.qualified37.quarrel38.quantity39.quality40.racial41.recovery42.reality;realistic;unrealistic43.reasonable;reasonably;unreasonable44.recognize(s)e;recognition45.recycle46.refresh47.beproudof/takepridein48.inpublic49.pullover;pullin50.onpurpose51.putaside52.putforward53.putoff54.滅火55.忍受56.毫無疑問57.不可能；辦不到；無法接受58.jumpaqueue59.quitajob/quitschool60.更確切地說61.文化遺產62.belongto63.datebackto/from64.haveahistoryof65.protect...from...66.過去的文明67.奇跡之一68.歷史遺產69.旅游勝地70.優(yōu)秀民間藝術詞匯拓展1.recognized;recognized;recognize;recognized2.putaside;put,aside;putaside活學活用一、1.topurchase2.a3.puzzled4.qualified5.reasonable二、1.Johnisrecognizedasthebestfootballerintheschool.2.Itakeprideinhelpingotherswhentheyareintrouble.3.Thestudentshaveputforwardaseriesofquestionssofar.4.IfIwereyouIwouldoutofquestionacceptthechallengewithouttheleasthesitation.第二部分話題閱讀訓練（A）閱讀理解InventedintheTangDynastyandwidelyadoptedaftertheSongDynastyinFujian,thewatertight-bulkhead(水密艙壁)technologypermitstheconstructionofocean-goingshipswithwatertightcompartments(隔層).Ifoneortwocabinsareaccidentallydamagedatsea,waterwillnotfloodtheothercabinsandtheshipswillremainafloat.Theexperienceandworkingmethodsofwatertight-bulkheadtechnologyaretransmittedorallyfrommastertoapprentices.However,theneedforChinesejunks(中國式帆船)hasdecreasedsharplyaswoodenshipshavebeenreplacedbysteel-hulledships,andtodayonlythreemasterscanclaimfullcommandofthistechnology.Associatedbuildingcostshavealsoincreasedowingtoashortageinrawmaterials.Therefore,theinheritance(繼承)ofthisheritageisdecreasing,andinheritorsareforcedtoseekalternativeemployment.ZhangGuohui,a77-year-oldinheritorofthewatertight-bulkheadtechniquesusedtomakeChinesejunks,hasbeenmakingshipsformorethansixdecades.ComingfromapoorfamilyinafishingtowninEastChina’sFujianProvince,Zhangstartedtomakealivingattheageof16fishingontheopenseas,whichiswherehedevelopedakeeninterestinconstructingboats.Asafastlearner,ZhangwaslatersenttoshipyardsinthecitiesofQuanzhouandXiameninFujianProvince,wherehereceivedtrainingandbecameamasteroftraditionalChinesejunksandgainedfamebecauseofhisextremelyskilledcraftsmanshipintheconstructionofthesejunks.Infearthatthetraditionalskillswoulddiesomeday,Zhangstartedtorestoreoldshipsandmakemodeljunksforthemuseumwithhis20yearsofshipbuildingskills.“TherestoredancientshipsarethehistoricalwitnessesofQuanzhouasamaritimecenteroftheEastandSoutheastAsiatradenetwork,”saidZhang,addingthathefindstheworkmeaningfulsinceyoungergenerationscanlearnfromexhibitionsofancientshipsthattheirancestorshadadvancedshipbuildingtechnologyatanearlystageofdevelopment.“AslongasI’malive,I’llkeeppassingontheheritage,”hesaid.1．Whatfunctionisexpectedofthewatertight-bulkheadtechnology?A．Topreventshipsfromsinking. B．Toreducetheweightofships.C．Toallowshipstosailfaster. D．Tohelpshipsresiststrongwinds.2．Whichofthefollowingisthepurposeofparagraph2?A．Toprovethesignificanceofsteel-hulledships.”B．Tostressthecomplexprocessofbuildingwoodenships.C．Topresentpeople’seffortstopassdownculturalheritages.D．Toshowdifficultiesofinheritingwatertight-bulkheadtechnology.3．WhatcanwelearnaboutZhangGuohuifromparagraph3?A．Hesupportshisfamilybyfishing.B．Hewasbornwithatalentforshipbuilding.C．Hehasdevotedhimselftoconstructingboats.D．Hehaswonmanyawardsforrestoringancientships.4．WhatdoesZhangGuohuiconveyinhiswords?A．Traditionalcultureshouldbeinnovatedwiththetimes.B．TheancientshiptradeoriginatedfromQuanzhouinChina.C．Itisnecessaryformodernstudentstolearnshipbuildingskills.D．Itisworthpassingontraditionalskillsfromgenerationtogeneration.1．A2．D3．C4．D【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了發(fā)明于唐代，宋代以后在福建被廣泛采用的水密艙壁技術，現(xiàn)在隨著木船被鋼鐵船所取代，今天只有三位大師可以完全掌握這項技術，幾近失傳，這是寶貴的中國非物質文化遺產。并介紹了一位致力于該項技術推廣與宣傳的傳承人——張國輝老人。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifoneortwocabinsareaccidentallydamagedatsea,waterwillnotfloodtheothercabinsandtheshipswillremainafloat.(如果一兩個艙室在海上意外損壞，水不會淹沒其他艙室，船只將保持漂浮)”可知，水密艙壁技術可以在船只部分受損的情況下，仍可以繼續(xù)保持漂浮不下沉。故選A項。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內容“Theexperienceandworkingmethodsofwatertight-bulkheadtechnologyaretransmittedorallyfrommastertoapprentices.However,theneedforChinesejunks(中國式帆船)hasdecreasedsharplyaswoodenshipshavebeenreplacedbysteel-hulledships,andtodayonlythreemasterscanclaimfullcommandofthistechnology.Associatedbuildingcostshavealsoincreasedowingtoashortageinrawmaterials.Therefore,theinheritance(繼承)ofthisheritageisdecreasing,andinheritorsareforcedtoseekalternativeemployment.(水密艙壁技術的經驗和工作方法由師傅口頭傳授給徒弟。然而，隨著木船被鋼殼船所取代，對中國舢板的需求急劇減少，今天只有三位大師可以聲稱完全掌握這項技術。由于原材料短缺，相關的建筑費用也增加了。因此，這一遺產的繼承性正在減少，繼承者被迫尋找替代工作)”可知，本段在講述當今時代傳承這項技術的種種困難。故選D項。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段首“ZhangGuohui,a77-year-oldinheritorofthewatertight-bulkheadtechniquesusedtomakeChinesejunks,hasbeenmakingshipsformorethansixdecades.(繼承了制造中國帆船的防水艙壁技術的77歲老人張國輝，已經有60多年的造船經驗)”可知，張國輝老人一生都致力于造船事業(yè)。故選C項。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘TherestoredancientshipsarethehistoricalwitnessesofQuanzhouasamaritimecenteroftheEastandSoutheastAsiatradenetwork,’saidZhang,addingthathefindstheworkmeaningfulsinceyoungergenerationscanlearnfromexhibitionsofancientshipsthattheirancestorshadadvancedshipbuildingtechnologyatanearlystageofdevelopment.(張國輝說：‘這些被修復的古船是泉州作為東亞和東南亞貿易網絡海上中心的歷史見證。’他又補充說他認為這項工作很有意義，因為年輕一代可以從古船展覽中了解到他們的祖先在早期發(fā)展階段擁有先進的造船技術)”可知，老人說這些話表明他認為致力于代代傳承這一傳統(tǒng)技藝是有意義的，是值得的。故選D項。（B）語法填空The53-year-oldcraftswomanJiYulan,aninheritoroftheintangibleheritageofpaper-cuttingfromtheXinjiangUygurautonomousregion,___11___(engage)herselfintheartforover40years.Shemadepaper-cutsofpeoplefromother___12___(walk)oflife.“Thepaper-cuttingartcomesfromthefolkanditshouldreturntothepeople,”Jisaid.Shecreated___13___paper-cuttingworknamedTheAngelinHarm’sWaytoshowtheimageofanursewhohasherlonghairbackaftercuttingittobetterfitintotheprotectivesuitwhilefightinginthefrontlineagainsttheepidemic.Jiwas___14___(deep)impressedbythefemalemedicalworkers___15___(wear)masksandprotectivehats.“Womenare___16___(charm)inlonghairandittakesalotofcouragetocutit,”shesaid.Jihas12students,___17___(age)from3to23.“Theydiscoveredtheirinterestinpaper-cuttingandcametome___18___(learn)it,”shesaid,addingthatsheoftenencouragesherstudentstocreateworksbased___19___reality.“Youngergenerationshavearealsenseofculturalheritage,a