高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)技巧

短文改錯(cuò)解題技巧

2021/5/9一、設(shè)錯(cuò)方式1）錯(cuò)詞2）多詞3）缺詞更正刪除補(bǔ)漏√2021/5/92二、改錯(cuò)格式短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分）此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷：如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫(huà)一個(gè)勾（√）；如有錯(cuò)誤（每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤），則按下列情況改正：

此行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉,在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出該詞,并也用斜線劃掉。

此行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出改正后的詞。

注意：原行沒(méi)有錯(cuò)的不要改。2021/5/93

短文改錯(cuò)設(shè)題特點(diǎn)：給出一篇短文，一般都是以出自學(xué)生的書(shū)面表達(dá)為基本，文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

答題要求：增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）,并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。2021/5/94Weallhadagoodtimetoday.2.Icanreturntoschoolnow.3.Ilikeplayingpiano.4.Imajorataccounting.the∧into√2021/5/951.Gothroughthewholepassagetogetageneralidea.(瀏覽全文，掌握大意）2.Readthepassagesentencebysentenceandfindthemistakes.（分句閱讀，逐行找錯(cuò)）3.Readthepassageforthethirdtime,checktheanswersandcorrectthedifficultones.（檢查核對(duì)，攻克難點(diǎn)）三、改錯(cuò)步驟2021/5/96如何做短文改錯(cuò)題

從句子的角度分析：（1）查時(shí)態(tài)是否一致1、Theyofferedmecoffeeandotherdrinks,

we

haveagoodtimetalkingandlaughing2、Myfavouritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourfootballteam.3、Irememberedherwordsandcalmdown.2021/5/97（2）查主謂是否一致1、Anyonemayborrowbooksand

itcost

nothingto…2、Playingfootballnotonly…but

alsogiveus…3、…clearupmysteries.Butthen

thereisalwaysmoremysteriestolookinto…2021/5/98（3）查指代是否一致1、Andthey

mustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.2、Iusedtolovescienceclass---allofthem---3、IlikedthoseclassesbecauseIfeltthatithelpedme.2021/5/99（4）查上下文修飾語(yǔ)是否一致1、TheywanttoknowaboutChinaandaskmealotofquestion.

2、Westudyquiteafew

subject.3、Shesaidthatsheandmyclassmateall…4、I’llspendallthewholeweekendreadingandprepare

forit.5、Itwasverykindforthemtomeetme.2021/5/9105）查行文邏輯是否一致1、ItisaveryimportantexambutIcan’taffordtofailit.2、Mostpeoplecanquicklygetforhelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalsince

theyareill.3、Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.Iremembered.2021/5/911逐句找錯(cuò)，錯(cuò)在那里？主謂賓，定狀補(bǔ)，句子成分分清楚，非謂語(yǔ)，細(xì)辨別，固定搭配要記住。2021/5/912逐句找錯(cuò)，錯(cuò)在那里？動(dòng)詞形，名詞數(shù)．還要注意形和副．代詞格，細(xì)領(lǐng)悟介詞短語(yǔ)須關(guān)注．冠詞連詞常光顧．2021/5/913此考點(diǎn)歸納的是除動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之外的動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)，它包括被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞形式的變化、動(dòng)詞用法辨析、動(dòng)詞be的誤加與漏用等。NMET2000：

Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.＿＿＿＿NMET’2003：Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.＿＿＿＿Ofcourse,whenmymotherwasasked,“Haveyou…”______are____————一、動(dòng)詞形readwas2021/5/914Helieddownbythesideofthepathtorest.

(lied改為lay，lie表示“躺”時(shí)，其過(guò)去時(shí)是lay)(全國(guó)卷)(2)CharlesandLindawereseeingnearthetopofthebuilding.

(seeing改為seen，因?yàn)閺暮x上看，此處謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))(全國(guó)卷)(3)Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.(keep改為kept，因此處要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))(全國(guó)卷)2021/5/915(11)Itwasverycold.Thesnowliedthickontheground.(12)TherewillhaveanEnglishfilmintheschoolhalltonight.(13)Afterthat,theboydecidednottoasailor.(14)Aftersupper,myfatherwouldgooutforawalkandthencomebacktoseenewspapers.(15)Heartomecarefully.WhatI’msayingisveryimportant.laybebereadListen2021/5/916短文改錯(cuò)的名詞考點(diǎn)主要涉及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題，即在該用復(fù)數(shù)的地方誤用其單數(shù)，或在該用單數(shù)的地方誤用其復(fù)數(shù)。NMET2001：

…sothatI’llgetgoodmarks

inallmysubject.

＿＿＿＿NMET2003:Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome._____

subjectswords二、名詞數(shù)2021/5/917(1)Westoppedtorestforawhileandtodrinksomewatersfromastream.(全國(guó)卷)(2)Weclimbeverywhere,notonlyinAmerica.WehavebeentoEuropemanytime.(3)Therearebranchlibraryinmanyvillages.(4)Ihopethatyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimessoon.watertimeslibrariestime2021/5/918短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)冠詞的考查主要涉及冠詞的誤加和漏用，有時(shí)也考查不定冠詞與定冠詞以及零冠詞的用法區(qū)別(包括a與an的區(qū)別)。其中，涉及最多的是，當(dāng)一個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)，其前漏用不定冠詞；另外，冠詞在一些習(xí)語(yǔ)中的用法也是一個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)

三、冠詞連詞常光顧Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.Idecidedtoclimbthetreetoseewherewewere.Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports.(4)Goodhealthisperson’smostvaluablepossession.anaa2021/5/919連詞常光顧Wetriedtofixitandtherewasnothingwecoulddo.ItoldMother,Father,Sister,allmyfriendsherewhatagreattimeIhad.ItisaveryimportantexambutIcan’taffordtofailit.

Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.

短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)并列連詞的考查主要涉及and,but,or,so等幾個(gè)表示并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果等關(guān)系的詞語(yǔ)。嚴(yán)格說(shuō)來(lái)，這類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤主要屬于行文邏輯的錯(cuò)誤。butandandand2021/5/920NMET2004:Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly._______NMET2005:Heaskedangryifwehadfinishedthework.

______

quietangrily四、還要注意形和副2021/5/921

短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)形容詞與副詞的考查主要涉及形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的誤用(尤其是在本身已是比較級(jí)的詞前誤加more)、形容詞與副詞的混用(如修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)誤用形容詞或修飾名詞時(shí)誤用副詞)等，另外，用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)該用形容詞的卻誤用了名詞、簡(jiǎn)短副詞(如in,down等)的誤加與漏用、涉及形容詞搭配的as…as結(jié)構(gòu)、how與what的混用等也是?？嫉目键c(diǎn)。2021/5/922Afteranhourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightening.Charlessaid,“AssoonasIseearealtallbuilding,Iwanttoclimbit.LastSunday,policecarshurrytothetallerbuildinginNewYork.Asaresult,peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchmorelongerthanpeopleinthepast.Forinstance,onenightheplayedstrongandloudlymusictillfouro’clockinthemorning.frightenedreallytallestloud2021/5/923

這是考查最多的錯(cuò)誤形式之一。主要有現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞，動(dòng)名詞和不定式錯(cuò)誤。例如：NMET2001：

Myparentsloveme…andwilldoalltheycanmakesure…

＿＿＿＿NMET2002:

Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories._______NMET2003:SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.________

tovisitedtalking五、非謂語(yǔ)，細(xì)辨別2021/5/924

主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，其錯(cuò)誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯(cuò)誤。例如：NMET2000:Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacher._______NMET2003:Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.______aa六、習(xí)慣用法要記住2021/5/925不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類(lèi)；不同的語(yǔ)境要選擇不同的詞語(yǔ)。只有對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分作細(xì)致的分析，才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤。例如：NMET2004:Idon’tknowthattheydon’t

liketotalkwithme.________NMET1997：IliveinBeijing，whereisthe

capitalofChina._________

whywhich七、句子成分分清楚2021/5/926(1)Inthelastfiveyearsthatthey’veclimbedchurches,highbuildingsandtelevisiontowers.(2)Charlessaid,“AssoonIseeareallytallbuilding,Iwanttoclimbit.

(1)Heisthemanhiscarwasstolen.(2)That’sthehotelwhichwewerestayinglastsummer.(3)That’sthepalacewherewevisitedlastsummer.(4)Isuddenlywokeupinmid-night.AnditwasalongtimeIgottosleepagain.(5)Inthepastfewyearswhenwe’veplantedthousandsoftreesalongtheriver.aswhosewhereWhich/thatbefore2021/5/927(1)Inthelastfiveyearsthatthey’veclimbedchurches,highbuildingsandtelevisiontowers.(2)Charlessaid,“AssoonIseeareallytallbuilding,Iwanttoclimbit.

(1)Heisthemanhiscarwasstolen.(2)That’sthehotelwhichwewerestayinglastsummer.(3)That’sthepalacewherewevisitedlastsummer.(4)Isuddenlywokeupinmid-night.AnditwasalongtimeIgottosleepagain.(5)Inthepastfewyearswhenwe’veplantedthousandsoftreesalongtheriver.aswhosewhereWhich/thatbefore2021/5/928短文改錯(cuò)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題

四不改:

①標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不改。②大小寫(xiě)不改。③詞序錯(cuò)誤不改。

（不是不改，而是按錯(cuò)詞或少詞來(lái)改)。④在綱外生詞不改。文中出現(xiàn)帶漢語(yǔ)注釋的詞，在句中不可能用錯(cuò)。

2021/5/929AtChristmasEve,Jimwentwithhis1._____fathertochooseaChristmastree.Theychoose2._____abigone.Itwasalmostastallerastheroom!3._____Theyputtheminthecornerofthesitting4._________On_________chose_______tall_______it動(dòng)詞形介詞短語(yǔ)常?？?，習(xí)慣用法要記住還要注意形和副代詞格，細(xì)領(lǐng)悟2021/5/930room.Katewascovereditwithalotof5._____Christmaslight.Thesittingroomlooked6.____reallybeautifullyatthemoment.Therewas7.________afireburninginthefireplace,buttheChristmas8.____treelightswereshinningbrightly.Jimandhis9.____parentssinginganddancinghappily.10.____＼was＼_______lights_____________beautiful____and√∧were動(dòng)詞形還要注意形和副動(dòng)詞形名詞數(shù)冠詞連詞須關(guān)注2021/5/931小結(jié)做短文該錯(cuò)應(yīng)采取三個(gè)步驟1.通讀短文，掌握大意2.細(xì)讀全文，逐一作答3.復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案2021/5/932短文改錯(cuò)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題

四不改:

①標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不改。②大小寫(xiě)不改。③詞序錯(cuò)誤不改（不是不改，而是按錯(cuò)詞或少詞來(lái)改)。④在綱外生詞不改。文中出現(xiàn)帶漢語(yǔ)注釋的詞，在句中不可能用錯(cuò)。

Don'tforget!2021/5/9332021/5/934Practicemakesperfect!熟能生巧2021/5/935

Ioftendreamofateacher.Idreamofstandingonthe76.______platformintheclassroomandgivelessonstolovelyboys77.______andgirls.Iteachthem,playwiththem,butwatchthem78.______growingup.IamalwaysyoungwhenIwasstaying79.______withthem.Iknowthereisnoteasytobeateacher.You80.______havetolearninordertoteach.Withoutenoughknowledges81.______youcanneverlearnwell.Whatismore,youhavetobe82.______friendswithyourpupilsandtakegoodcareofhim.83.______Onlyinthiswaycanyoubeagoodteacherandwin84.______respect