新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修第一冊(cè)學(xué)案2：Discovering Useful Structures

新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修第一冊(cè)PAGEPAGE1Unit3SportsandFitnessDiscoveringUsefulStructures1．It'sveryhottoday，isn'tit?2．Billdidn'twanttogo，didhe?3．Pleaseopenthedoor，willyou?4．Let'sgobacktoourseats，shallwe?5．Letmehelpyou，willyou?自我歸納反意疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成：前一部分是一個(gè)陳述句，后一部分是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的疑問(wèn)句。句1中陳述句為肯定句，其反意疑問(wèn)句用否定(肯定/否定)式提問(wèn)；句2中陳述句為否定句，其反意疑問(wèn)句用肯定(肯定/否定)式提問(wèn)。句3陳述句為祈使句，其反意疑問(wèn)句用will_you表達(dá)。句4中Let's引導(dǎo)的祈使句，其反意疑問(wèn)句用shall_we。句5中Letme(或Letus)引導(dǎo)的祈使句，其反意疑問(wèn)句用will_you。反意疑問(wèn)句是附加在陳述句之后，對(duì)陳述句所表示的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)提出疑問(wèn)的句子。附加疑問(wèn)句實(shí)際上是一種簡(jiǎn)略的一般疑問(wèn)句。一、反意疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)陳述句(主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)……)，＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)(代詞形式)?陳述句部分如果是肯定句，其反意疑問(wèn)句的疑問(wèn)句部分用否定式提問(wèn)(助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞＋not)；如果陳述句部分是否定句，其反意疑問(wèn)句的疑問(wèn)句部分用肯定式提問(wèn)。Heisyourteacher，isn'the?他是你的老師，是不是？Peopleshouldn'tdroplitteronthepavements，shouldthey?人們不應(yīng)該在人行道上扔垃圾，對(duì)不對(duì)？Youfoundthekeyinthededroom，didn'tyou?你在臥室里找到的鑰匙，對(duì)不對(duì)？二、某些特殊句型的反意疑問(wèn)句1．祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句①表示肯定意義的祈使句，即表示“請(qǐng)求，〖提示〗”，其反意疑問(wèn)句用willyou表達(dá)，有時(shí)也可以用won'tyou表示。Gohomenow，willyou?現(xiàn)在回家，好嗎？Closethewindow，please，willyou?請(qǐng)關(guān)上窗戶，好嗎？②否定祈使句：以Don't開(kāi)始的祈使句：表示“不要……”，用willyou提問(wèn)。Don'tbelateagain，willyou?不要再遲到了，好嗎？Don'tforgettopayyourincometax，willyou?不要忘了交個(gè)人所得稅，好嗎？③Let's引導(dǎo)的祈使句表示“建議”，反復(fù)疑問(wèn)句部分是shallwe?Let'sgoforawalk，shallwe?我們?nèi)ド⒉?，好嗎？Let'shavearestnow，shallwe?我們休息一下，好嗎？④Letme或Letus引導(dǎo)的祈使句表示“請(qǐng)求”，反意疑問(wèn)句部分為willyou?Letmehaveatry，willyou?讓我試一下，好不好？Letushelp，willyou?讓我們幫忙，行嗎？2．感嘆句的反意疑問(wèn)句一律用否定式提問(wèn)：Whatacleverboy，isn'the?多么聰明的男孩，是不是？Whatalovelyday，isn'tit?天氣真好，對(duì)不對(duì)？3．陳述句含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must有兩種情況①must表示“必須”，反意疑問(wèn)句部分為mustn't/needn't...?HemuststudyhardatEnglish，mustn'the/needn'the?他必須努力學(xué)英語(yǔ)，是不是？Youmustgohomenow，needn'tyou/mustn'tyou?你必須現(xiàn)在回家，對(duì)不對(duì)？Wemustn'tbelate，mustwe?我們不能遲到，對(duì)不對(duì)？②must表示推測(cè)，“一定，肯定”，反意疑問(wèn)句部分與must后面的動(dòng)詞呼應(yīng)。Youmustbejoking，aren'tyou?你一定是在開(kāi)玩笑，是不是？Hemustbeill，isn'the?他一定生病了，對(duì)嗎？〖名師點(diǎn)津〗表推測(cè)的must的反意疑問(wèn)句用must對(duì)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作推測(cè)時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句部分的助動(dòng)詞用did或have，而對(duì)過(guò)去的狀態(tài)推測(cè)時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句部分的be動(dòng)詞用was。Shemusthavefinishedherwork，hasn'tshe/didn'tshe?她一定完成工作了，是不是？Jackmusthavearrivedhereyesterday，didn'the?杰克一定是昨天到的，對(duì)嗎？Hemusthavebeenapoliceman，wasn'the?他曾經(jīng)一定是個(gè)警察，對(duì)嗎？4．陳述句中有否定副詞hardly；never；seldom；little；few；nowhere；nothing等詞，反意疑問(wèn)句部分用肯定式提問(wèn)：Frankhardlygoestoparties，doeshe?弗蘭克很少參加聚會(huì)，對(duì)嗎？Hehasfewfriends，hashe?他朋友很少，對(duì)嗎？5．Idon'tthink的反意疑問(wèn)句Idon'tthink/suppose/believe/imagine后接賓語(yǔ)從句，這種賓語(yǔ)從句的反意疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)與從句的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)部分一致，而且用肯定式提問(wèn)。Idon'tbelieveshehasdoneit，hasshe?我認(rèn)為她沒(méi)有做完，是不是？Ithinkhewillcome，won'the?我認(rèn)為他要來(lái)，是不是？三、反意疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)回答反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，不管問(wèn)題是何種提法，若事實(shí)是肯定的，用yes回答；若事實(shí)是否定的，就用no來(lái)回答。1．當(dāng)陳述句部分是肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，附加疑問(wèn)句部分用否定式提問(wèn)時(shí)，回答yes或no與漢語(yǔ)的意思相符。這種回答的yes要譯成“是”，no要譯成“不”。—Helikesdogs，doesn'the?他喜歡狗，是不是？—Yes，hedoes(＝helikesdogs)．是的，他喜歡狗。(事實(shí)是肯定的)—No，hedoesn't(＝hedoesn'tlikedogs)．不，他不喜歡狗。(事實(shí)是否定的)2．當(dāng)陳述句部分是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，附加疑問(wèn)句部分用肯定式提問(wèn)時(shí)，回答yes或no與漢語(yǔ)的意思正好相反。這種回答的yes要譯成“不”，no要譯成“是”?！狧eisn'tadoctor，ishe?他不是醫(yī)生，是嗎？—Yes，heis(＝heisadoctor)．不，他是醫(yī)生。(事實(shí)是肯定的)—No，heisn't(＝heisn'tadoctor)．是的，他不是醫(yī)生。(事實(shí)是否定的)Ⅰ.選擇合適的反意疑問(wèn)句完成句子1．Tomhasbeenwritinglettersallafternoon，_________？(hashe/hasn'the)2．Jackmustworkhardnextterm，__________？(musthe/mustn'the)3．Hehashishaircuteverymonth，__________？(hasn'the/doesn'the)4．Lindaatenothingthismorning，_______？(didshe/didLinda)5．Let'slistentotheradioprogram，________？(shallwe/willyou)6．Jackseldomcamehere，______？(didn'the/didhe)7．TomandJackbothfailedintheexam，___________？(weren'tthey/didn'tthey)8．Theyhavenotimetovisitthemuseum，_______？(dothey/don'tyou)9．Jimdislikesthetwosubjects，__________？(doesn'the/doeshe)10．Letusplayfootballontheplayground，________？(shallwe/willyou)Ⅱ.根據(jù)前面句子完成反意疑問(wèn)句1．Thesebooksareuselessnow，___________?2．Let'sgotherebybus，________?3．Don'tforgettogivePollysomefoodandchangeherwater，________?4．Thereislittlewaterintheglass，________?5．Shedoesn'thaveanymoneyinherpocket，________?6．Youalwaysstayuplateeverynight，_________?7．Janeisn'tanout-goinggirl，______?8．Allthestudentsaregoingtocleanthestadiumtomorrowmorning，___________?9．Theboyhasrunoutofhismoneysofar，_________?10．RebeccacanspeakSpanishfluently，_________?11．Theboyhadnotreadthebookbytheendoflastweek，______?12．Anumberoftreeswereplantedyesterday，____________?13．Thestudentswillpayavisittothemuseumthisweekend，__________?14．Theyoungmanmustworkouttoloseweight，__________?15．Mostofthechildrendislikeplayingwithdolls，__________?

▁▃▅▇█參*考*答*案█▇▅▃▁Ⅰ.1．hasn'the2．mustn'the3．doesn'the4．didshe5．shallwe6．didhe7．d