2019外研社版高中英語選修三 Unit 5 Learning from nature 知識清單(教師版)

閱讀單詞認讀lotusn.蓮花,荷花termiten.白蟻moundn.土堆,土丘algaen.藻類(植物)pinecone松果,松球tilen.瓦片mimicv.模仿waterfrontn.濱水地區(qū)promenaden.濱海步行道plumbingn.管道系統(tǒng)biomimicryn.仿生學dioxiden.二氧化物convertv.使轉變;使轉換frontiern.知識/物理學等的前沿pondn.池塘batn.蝙蝠echo-locationn.回聲定位radarn.雷達swimsuitn.游泳衣dragonflyn.蜻蜓dronen.無人駕駛飛機spidern.蜘蛛superficiallyadv.表面(上)地cottagen.鄉(xiāng)村小屋deliberatelyadv.不慌不忙地,從容不迫地lanen.(鄉(xiāng)間的)小路atopprep.在……頂上mulberryn.桑葚;桑樹fulfilmentn.滿足(感)重點單詞識記superbadj.極好的,出色的sowv.播(種)physiciann.醫(yī)生bowv.鞠躬ruraladj.農村的,鄉(xiāng)村的decentadj.可接受的,相當好的domesticadj.馴養(yǎng)的;家養(yǎng)的reluctantadj.不情愿的;勉強的resignv.使自己順從于(做)某事;安于botanicaladj.植物(學)的easen.舒適,悠閑attainv.得到,獲得核心詞匯拓展architectn.建筑師→architecturen.建筑學,建筑設計wisdomn.智慧→wiseadj.有智慧的,高明的→unwiseadj.不明智的→wiselyadv.明智地employv.使用,運用→employern.老板,雇主→employeen.員工→employmentn.雇用;工作;就業(yè)withdrawv.退出→withdrawaln.收回;撤退depressiveadj.抑郁的→depressv.使抑郁→depressedadj.沮喪的→depressionn.抑郁癥;沮喪;蕭條期departv.離開→departuren.離開purityn.純潔;潔凈→pureadj.純潔的,純凈的→purifyv.使純凈,凈化rejectv.拒絕接受→rejectionn.拒絕evaluatev.評估,評價→evaluationn.評估核心短語速記take...forgranted認為……理所當然convert...into(使)……轉變?yōu)閞espondto回應,響應draw...from從……中得到……withdrawfrom從……撤出/退出inotherwords換句話說resignoneselfto聽任/順從/只好接受某事seeksolutionsto尋求解決辦法takeinspirationfrom從……中獲取靈感inreturnfor作為回報ateasewith不拘束,放松beopposedto反對mentionn.提及vt.提到;說起;提名表揚merchantadj.商業(yè)的n.商人;生意人mercifuladj.仁慈的;寬大的merelyadv.僅僅;只不過messn.凌亂midnightn.午夜mildadj.溫和的;輕微的mineraln.礦物質,礦物ministern.部長;牧師minorityn.少數(shù);少數(shù)民族misleadingadj.欺騙的;誤導性的mixturen.混合物Thebuildingwasdesignedtoshowtheconnectionbetweennatureandthemoderncityenvironmentinwhichitsits.(“介詞＋關系代詞”引導定語從句)這座建筑旨在展示自然和它所處的現(xiàn)代城市環(huán)境之間的聯(lián)系。ZimbabweanarchitectMickPearcewasinspiredtocreatetheCentrewhilewatchinganaturedocumentaryinwhichtermiteswereconstructingtheirnests.(狀語從句的省略)津巴布韋建筑師米克皮爾斯在觀看一部白蟻筑巢的自然紀錄片時受到啟發(fā),從而設計了東門大廈。WhileTao’sreturntonaturewasareactiontoalifestylehewasopposedto,Thoreau’swasapersonaldecisiontotransformthewayhelived.(while連接并列句,表對比)陶淵明回歸自然是對他反對的生活方式做出的一種反應,而梭羅則是出于個人決定而改變自己的生活方式。Weshouldlivewiththeminharmonyandenjoynature’sgifts,ashedescribesinhisjournals...(as引導定語從句)我們應該和它們和諧相處,享受大自然的恩賜,正如他在日記中所描述的那樣……請先從表格中選用本單元所學詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對答案并背誦該短文。takeinspirationfrom,superb,take...forgranted,dioxide,algaeWeareusedtonature’sbeautythatwealways1.takeforgranted.Actually,manyarchitects2.takeinspirationfromnaturetomakedesignsforarchitecture.Andweregardthisactivityasbiomimicrywhichshowstheconnectionbetweennatureandhumanbeings’artandsciencetocreatestructuresbasedonnaturalformsandprocesses.AmongthemtheAlgaeHouseisa3.superbexamplewhichiscoveredinpanelscontaining4.algae.Feedingthealgaewithliquidnutrientsandcarbon5.dioxidecanencouragethemtogrow.Inadditiontothis,insomeruralareas,nature’sbeautycanalsobebreathtaking.Walkingonthelanes,people’ssoulscanbepurified.Fortunately,nowadaysthegovernmenttriestoseeksolutionstothepreservationofthepreciousoriginalecology.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯employv.雇用;利用(時間、精力等);使用,運用(employmentn.雇用;工作;就業(yè)employern.雇主,老板employeen.雇工,雇員)employsbtodo...雇用某人做……employ...as...雇用……當……eq\b\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(employoneself,indoingsth,beemployedin,doingsth))eq\a\vs4\al\co1(從事于……，,忙于……)outofemployment失業(yè)Johnhasbeenoutofemployment(employ)forthreeyearsandthesedaysheisdepressed.Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateabetteratmospherewherehisemployees(employ)feelasenseoffulfilment.Thearchitectwasemployedindrawingupplansandhedidn’tseeTomcomein.Employedindrawingupplans,thearchitectdidn’tseeTomcomein.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)Employinghimselfindrawingupplans,thearchitectdidn’tseeTomcomein.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)resignvt.&vi.辭職;辭去(工作、職位等);聽任;順從;安于(resignationn.辭職;辭職信)resignfrom...辭去……職務resignas...辭去當……的職務resignoneselfto(doing)sth聽任/順從(做)某事MrMorgan,afamousphysician,hasofferedhisresignation(resign)andithasbeenaccepted.Twomembershaveresignedfromtheboardinprotestandaresaidtodepartfromthecompany.Youhavenochoicebuttoresignyourselvestowaiting(wait)abitlonger.為了照顧生病的母親,瑪麗決定辭去公司經理一職。Inordertolookafterhersickmother,Marydecidedtoresignherpositionasamanagerinthecompany.easen.容易;舒適;自在vt.&vi.減輕;緩解;使安心;(使)寬慰withease容易地;不費力地ateasewith放松;不拘束put/setsbatease使某人放松/自在Youngasheis,thelittleactorcanbeateasewiththestarswhoworkwithhim.起初他有些緊張,但是觀眾的熱情掌聲很快使他放松了下來。Hewasnervousatfirstbuttheaudience’swarmapplausesoonputhimatease.如果你每天堅持用英語寫日記,你會很容易提高你的寫作水平。(話題寫作之語言學習)InsistonkeepingdiariesinEnglisheveryday,andyoucanimproveyourwritingskillswithease.(用“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”改寫)take...forgranted認為……理所當然

takeone’stime不匆忙;別著急(指時間上)take...seriously認真對待……takeit/thingseasy輕松;不緊張;從容(指心理上)take...intoaccount/consideration把……考慮在內用take的相關短語填空：—Ifeelsonervousabouttomorrow’sNationalEnglishSpeechCompetitionthatIwanttowithdraw.—Takeit/thingseasy.Takeyourtime—it’sjustashortdistancefromheretotherestaurant.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration/account.不要想當然地認為你能把這項工作做得十分完美。認真對待它,并尋找這些問題的答案。Youshouldnottakeitforgrantedthatyoucandotheworkperfectly.Takeitseriouslyandseeksolutionstotheseproblems.inreturnfor(＝inrewardfor)作為對……的回報inreturn作為報答;回報inturn依次;反過來byturns輪流Igavehimmyfavoritebookinreturnforhistimelyhelp.Hespendstoomuchtimeonmaths,andthisinturnaffectstheprogressofhisothersubjects.Thetwosisterstookcareoftheirsickmotherbyturns.你提到作為回報你想教我英語,這正是我所渴望的。YoumentionedthatyouwouldliketoteachmeEnglishinreturn,whichisexactlywhatIamdyingfor.respondto響應;對……作出反應;回答(respondvi.反應;回復,回答responsen.回答;反應)inresponseto作為……的回應make(no)responseto...對……給予/不予回答Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionateresponse(respond)？(2020全國Ⅰ)Inresponsetothehelpofthearchitect,wewroteathank-younote.LangPingdidn’trespondtothequestionthatreporterasked.→LangPingmadenoresponsetothequestionthatreporterasked.while用作并列連詞WhileTao’sreturntonaturewasareactiontoalifestylehewasopposedto,Thoreau’swasapersonaldecisiontotransformthewayhelived.陶淵明回歸自然是對他反對的生活方式做出的一種反應,而梭羅則是出于個人決定而改變自己的生活方式。while用法較多,既可用作連詞,也可用作名詞。表示“在……期間;當……的時候”,引導時間狀語從句;表示“只要”,引導條件狀語從句;表示“雖然;盡管”,引導讓步狀語從句;表示“而;卻”,是并列連詞,構成并列句;用作名詞,表示“一會兒;一段時間”,如：afterawhile過了一會兒;onceinawhile偶爾,間或。寫出下列句子中while的漢語意思：Thebossinsistedthattheplanbecarriedoutatonce,whilesomeofmanagersrejectedtheplan.而,卻Asweallknow,whilethereislife,thereishope.只要WhileIwaslookingthroughthenewsonline,upcameavideoofalovelybear.當……的時候盡管我們不能預測未來會發(fā)生什么,但我們可以用決心和愛指引自己。(讀后續(xù)寫之升華句)Whilewecan’tpredictwhatwillhappeninthefuture,wecanguideourselveswithdeterminationandlove.參觀這次展覽時,我們不僅可以欣賞民間藝術品,還可以學到很多東西。Whilevisitingthisexhibition,wewillnotonlyenjoythefolkartworksbutalsolearnalot.(狀語從句的省略)用法點撥while表示“雖然”時,不和連詞but連用。while還引導省略結構,后直接跟現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、名詞、形容詞或介詞短語。(2022全國甲)Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.然后悉尼一個接一個地發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多類似的事物——廣闊的公園、一流的海灘和文化多樣性的人口。(2021新高考全國Ⅱ)Discoverhowarchitects,productdesignersandscientistsusesimilarskillsintheirwork.了解建筑師、產品設計師和科學家如何在他們的工作中使用類似的技能。(2021天津第一次筆試)HenryDavidThoreauwashappytowithdrawfromsociallife,seekingaharmoniousrelationshipwithnatureinthequietnessofhislife.亨利大衛(wèi)梭羅樂于從社交生活中抽身出來,在平靜的生活中尋求與自然的和諧相處。(2021天津第二次筆試)Feelingfearfulishealthybecauseithelpsyouslowdownandevaluaterisksproperly.感到恐懼是有益于健康的,因為它能幫助你慢下來,正確評估風險。羅恩博士不得不自己做所有的打字工作,他的秘書兩周前辭職了。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙withdrawA.停止；不再給予B.撤離C.(使)退出Governmenttroopswereorderedtowithdraw.BHefrownedanddecidedtowithdrawhissupportforourcampaign.AThehorsehadbeenwithdrawnfromtherace.C快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。Thisnewdrugshouldhelpeasethepain.減輕,緩解ThePresident’sspeechcoveredarangeofforeignanddomesticissues.國內的核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識Withhissuggestionsrejected(reject),hefeltdesperate,runningoutoftheoffice.Theconversion(convert)oftheoldbuildingintoanewlibraryhasgreatlyimprovedtheschool.Hetakesitforgrantedthathisassistantshouldlendmoneytohim.Ifyourpasswordisnotvalid,youcan’twithdrawmoneyfromyouraccount.Janekeptsilentbecauseshewasreluctanttoput(put)herthoughtsintowords.Shelostherhandbagcontaininglotsofmoneywhileshopping(shop).Oneofmyclientsisalwayshelpingpeoplewithoutexpectinganythinginreturn.Iamsureyouareboundtohaveseveralwaystorespondtothisdifficultquestion.單句寫作——應用文增分練(越野賽跑比賽)上星期天,我們學校舉行了五千米越野賽。高三全體學生都參加了。(“介詞＋關系代詞”引導定語從句)LastSunday,ourschoolheldafive-kilometercross-countryrunningrace,inwhichallstudentsinSenior3tookpart.一路跑到南山腳下時,有些學生落在后面。(狀語從句的省略)WhenrunningallthewaytothefootofSouthHill,somestudentsfellbehind.在路上,盡管一些學生落后了,他們一直跑到終點線。(while引導讓步狀語從句)Ontheway,whilesomestudentsfellbehind,theykeptrunninguntilthefinishline.正如所料,通過這次活動,我們認識到鍛煉身體的重要性。(as引導定語從句)Asisexpected,fromthisactivity,wehaverealizedthatbuildingupourbodiesisofgreatsignificance.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]動作描寫seeksolutionsto尋求解決方法takeinspirationfrom從……中獲取靈感employv.使用,運用bowv.鞠躬rejectv.拒絕easev.減輕;緩解;使安心;(使)寬慰departv.離開環(huán)境描寫lotusn.荷花;蓮花pondn.池塘mulberryn.桑樹;桑葚dragonflyn.蜻蜓lanen.(鄉(xiāng)間的)小路cottagen.鄉(xiāng)村小屋ruraladj.農村的,鄉(xiāng)村的botanicaladj.植物(學)的人物描寫physiciann.醫(yī)生decentadj.正派的,相當好的reluctantadj.不情愿的;勉強的fulfilmentn.滿足(感)wisdomn.智慧[續(xù)寫語料運用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。為了減輕壓力,上周我和朋友哈里開車去了偏遠的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)。走在小路上,我被池塘里的荷花、隨風搖曳的桑樹和飛舞的蜻蜓所吸引。“這景色多美??！”哈里低聲自言自語,臉上不自覺地掛著微笑。突然,遠處一座鄉(xiāng)村小屋映入了我們的眼簾。小屋離得越近,我們越高興,因為我們在那里看到了一個美麗的植物園。享受著田野的美景,我們感到一種滿足感。Toeasethepressure,IdrovetotheremoteruralareawithmyfriendHarrylastweek.Whilewalkingonthelanes,Iwasattractedbythelotusflowersinthepond,themulberrytreesswinginginthewindandtheflyingdragonflies.“Howamazingthesceneryis！”Harrywhisperedtohimself,unconsciouslyasmilespreadingoverhisface.Allofasudden,wecaughtsightofacottageinthedistance.Thenearerthecottagewas,themoredelightedwewere,becausewesawabeautifulbotanicalgardenthere.Enjoyingthebeautifulsceneofthefield,wefeltasenseoffulfilment.詞形變化填空(每小題2分,共8分)Onceanemployeremployssomeworkers,heorsheshouldpayontimeforwhattheemployeesdo.(employ)Inreality,heisamanofmuchwisdomandinawayheisquitelikehisfatherwhoalwaysusestimewisely.(wise)ThebuildingdesignedbyLeohMingPei,