2019外研社版高中英語(yǔ)選修四 Unit 6 Space and beyond 知識(shí)清單(教師版)

閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀notionn.hazardousadj.shuttlen.thespaceshuttleexcursionn.rekindlev.instantaneouslyadv.lifelikeadj.telescopen.thenakedeyeanglev.galaxyn.cosmicadj.conceivablyadv.subatomicadj.particlen.musclen.peppern.discn.重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記__________n.壞影響,陰影__________v.(因疼痛、驚恐、興奮等)尖聲大叫__________n.(飛機(jī)上的)全體機(jī)組人員__________adj.很好的,了不起的__________adj.簡(jiǎn)單的__________n.自我約束,自律__________v.(去)拿來(lái)__________v.打噴嚏核心詞匯拓展__________adj.平常的→__________adj.例外的;獨(dú)特的→__________prep.除……外→__________n.例外__________adv.悲慘地,不幸地→__________adj.悲慘的,悲痛的→__________n.悲劇;不幸;遺憾__________v.暫停,中止;懸;掛→__________n.停職;懸浮;暫停;中止__________adj.模仿的,模擬的,仿真的→__________v.模仿;假裝;冒充→__________n.(用于人員訓(xùn)練的)模擬裝置,模擬器__________v.提交;呈遞;屈服→__________n.提交(物);呈遞(書(shū));屈服__________adj.看不見(jiàn)的→__________adj.看得見(jiàn)的→__________n.視野核心短語(yǔ)速記習(xí)慣于(做)某事castashadowon/over心提到嗓子眼起飛;脫下;突然成功踏上,登上收看;收聽(tīng)reachforthestars由……組成對(duì)……的追求/追索向某人揮手計(jì)算出;解決;鍛煉忙于;從事看不到報(bào)名參加primitiveadj.原始的;遠(yuǎn)古的;簡(jiǎn)單的principlen.原理;原則;信條processn.過(guò)程vt.加工prohibitvt.阻止;禁止provokevt.對(duì)……挑釁;激起punctualadj.準(zhǔn)時(shí)的,守時(shí)的purifyvt.使純凈;使純潔purposen.目的;意圖qualityn.質(zhì)量;性質(zhì)quantityn.量;數(shù)quartern.四分之一;一刻鐘queuen.隊(duì)列vi.排隊(duì)FollowingtheshockoftheChallengerdisaster,spaceshuttleflightsweresuspendedfornearlythreeyearswhilethecauseofthedisasterwasinvestigated,andsomeoftheshuttle’scomponentswereredesigned.(while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)“挑戰(zhàn)者”號(hào)令人震驚的災(zāi)難發(fā)生后,航天飛機(jī)航行中止了近三年時(shí)間,同時(shí)調(diào)查事故原因,重新設(shè)計(jì)飛行器的部分零件。Buttherewasneveranydoubtthatmannedflightswouldcontinue.(thereisneveranydoubtthat...)但是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),載人飛行將繼續(xù)下去。Soon,itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.(itbe＋v.-ed＋that...)很快,人們認(rèn)識(shí)到,太陽(yáng)只是我們稱(chēng)之為“銀河系”的星系中數(shù)十億顆恒星中的一顆。Nothinginhistoryhasallowedustoseesomuchoversuchgreatdistances,fromenormouscloudsofgaswherestarsarebeingborn,tohugeblackholes,andeventonewplanetswherewemightconceivablyfindlife.(where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)它讓我們史無(wú)前例地看到了如此遙遠(yuǎn)的景觀——從星體誕生的巨大氣體云團(tuán),到巨型黑洞甚至到可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)生命跡象的新行星。The500-metredishofthe“EyeofHeaven”,asitisknown,isbeingusedinthesearchfordarkmatter,thoughttobecomposedofsubatomicparticlesinvisibletoordinarytelescopes.(形容詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ))眾所周知,這個(gè)被稱(chēng)為“天眼”的500米口徑巨盤(pán)用于探尋暗物質(zhì)。暗物質(zhì)被認(rèn)為由亞原子粒子組成,一般望遠(yuǎn)鏡是觀測(cè)不到的。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。castashadowon,awesome,beaccustomedto,tragically,suspendAtpresent,we1.__________observingthenightskywithatelescopeandmostofushavebeenawarethatitisan2.__________invention.Withthehelpofit,wecanseenumberlessstarsinvisibletothenakedeye.However,ourquestisfarbeyondobservingthestars,andwehavebeentryingtoexploremanygalaxiesintheuniverse.Oureffortsnever3.__________,althoughthelossoftheChallengeronce4.__________ourhearts.Withthepurposeofrekindlingyoungpupils’interestinspacetravel,thespaceshuttletookoffon28January1986.Butonlyaminutelater,itexplodedandthelivesofitscrewwere5.__________cutshort.Thesevenheroessacrificed,buttheirspiritswouldinspireustocontinuetoreachforthestars,howeverdistanttheyare.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯suspendv.中止,暫停,推遲;懸,掛;使懸浮(suspensionn.停職;懸浮;暫停,中止)besuspendedfromthejob被停職besuspendedby被……懸掛Ithinkher__________(suspend)fromtheteamisaveryharshpunishment.Hewassuspended__________hisfeetandbeatenwithmetalbars.由于正在進(jìn)行安全檢查,生產(chǎn)已被暫停。______________________________,becausethesafetychecksarebeingcarriedout.submitv.提交;呈遞;屈服[submissionn.屈服;提交(物);呈遞(書(shū))]submitsthtosb將某物提交給某人submit(oneself)to屈從于……Itisrequestedthatyoushouldsubmityourreport__________metomorrow.雖然這名警官被停職,但他拒絕屈從于他們。Althoughtheofficerwassuspended,hedeclinedto_______________them.對(duì)這次夏令營(yíng)感興趣的人必須在5月15日前提交申請(qǐng)書(shū)和相關(guān)資料。ThosewhoareinterestedinthesummercampmustbyMay15.be/get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth習(xí)慣于(做)某事(accustomedadj.習(xí)慣了的;慣常的accustomvt.使習(xí)慣于;使適應(yīng)于)accustomsb/oneselfto(doing)sth使某人/自己習(xí)慣于(做)某事MrKingwasaccustomedtolivinginthecountrysideandfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.→,MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(用形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))→,MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))castashadowon/over給……蒙上陰影castdown使失望;使沮喪(多用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))castout驅(qū)逐出去;趕走castoff擺脫掉;拋棄castaway使(船遇難后的幸存者)流落某處;扔掉;浪費(fèi)(多用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))用cast短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空：Youmustdevelopself-disciplineandallthesebadhabits.Hewhenheheardthathehadn’tbeeninvitedtoattendthefeast.Ifyouonadesertisland,whatwouldyoumissmost?Tragically,theaccidentthepeopleonthebus.Itbe＋v.-ed＋that...Soon,itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.很快,人們認(rèn)識(shí)到,太陽(yáng)只是我們稱(chēng)之為“銀河系”的星系中數(shù)十億顆恒星中的一顆。it作形式主語(yǔ)而that從句是真正主語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)句式有：Itbe＋過(guò)去分詞＋that從句Itbe＋名詞詞組/adj.＋that從句It＋特殊動(dòng)詞(seem/turnout/occurto/...)sb＋that從句Ithasbeenannounced__________anothermannedspaceshuttlewillbesentupintospacenextyear.Would__________beconvenientforyoutopickmeupatfouro’clockthisafternoon?他突然想到,第二天早上他有一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議要參加。____________________hehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.很遺憾,這些建于19世紀(jì)的工業(yè)城市對(duì)游客并沒(méi)有吸引力。_______________theindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.用法點(diǎn)撥在英語(yǔ)中,形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)只能用it,不能用this,that或其他代詞。(2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.所有的作業(yè)將在指定的日期前通過(guò)我們的在線(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)和課程管理系統(tǒng)“Blackboard”提交。(2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ)Hehungonforafewminutesandscreamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn’thearhim.他堅(jiān)持了幾分鐘,尖叫著喊他的父親,但他的父親沒(méi)有聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ)Inthisbook,heincludesthelossofthespaceshuttlesChallengerandColumbia,andthesinkingoftheTitanic.在這本書(shū)中,他講述了挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)和哥倫比亞號(hào)航天飛機(jī)的失事,以及泰坦尼克號(hào)的沉沒(méi)。(2020·天津)Asanyyoungerbrotherwilltellyou,havingabigbrotherinvolvesalotofwalkinginsomeoneelse’sshadow,especiallywhenyouhaveabrotherwhoisatypicalexampleof“cool”.正如某個(gè)做弟弟的都會(huì)告訴你的那樣,有一個(gè)哥哥就意味著經(jīng)常走在別人的陰影下,尤其是當(dāng)你有一個(gè)典型的“酷”的哥哥時(shí)。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙shadowA.影子B.昏暗處;背光處C.(壞)影響D.少許;一丁點(diǎn)Hisfacewasdeepinshadow,turnedawayfromus.BThekidsarechasingeachother’sshadows.ATheystolethemoney,madeagetawayandlivedundertheshadowoffear.CAshadowofsmiletouchedhismouth.D快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思。Anotablequestioniswhethertheycantackletheawesometask.__________Heangledhischairsothathecouldsitandwatchher.__________核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)OnceIthrewmyselfintoit,Ihadnodifficultyinworking__________theproblem.Thinkingtwice,Idecidedtosignup__________thebasketballteam.Inthepast,Ifrequentlysubmittedmyself__________difficultiesbutnowIcansparenoefforttohandlethem.Atthesightofthemonster,hesteppedbackwardandmadeagetaway,__________(scream)withterror.Davewassuspended__________schoolandwasunderinvestigationbecausehebroketheschoolrules.__________(accustom)tolivinginthevillage,hedidn’twanttomove.Thereisneveranydoubt__________Chinahasachievedalotinexploringspaceinthepast20years.Theartistwhodevoteshimselftothequest__________perfectionisveryrespectable.單句寫(xiě)作——應(yīng)用文增分練(邀請(qǐng)朋友參加學(xué)校攝影比賽)我們學(xué)校將舉辦一場(chǎng)深受大家歡迎的攝影比賽。(形容詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ))聽(tīng)說(shuō)你對(duì)攝影感興趣讓我非常高興,因此我寫(xiě)信邀請(qǐng)你參加這次活動(dòng)。(it作形式主語(yǔ))毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),參加各種學(xué)?；顒?dòng)對(duì)我們學(xué)生是有益的。(there’sneveranydoubtthat...)你一定會(huì)在這場(chǎng)藝術(shù)人才云集的攝影比賽中脫穎而出。(where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)如果你想加入,你可以在7月1日之前將你的作品提交至photocontest@school.com.(submit)微型寫(xiě)作——續(xù)寫(xiě)提能練[教材續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料]動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)become/beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于(做)某事castashadowon/over給……蒙上陰影screamv.(因疼痛,驚恐,興奮等)尖聲大叫suspendv.暫停;中止;懸;掛submitv.提交;呈遞;屈服sneezev.打噴嚏fetchv.(去)拿來(lái)人物描寫(xiě)straightforwardadj.簡(jiǎn)單的;直接的crewn.(飛機(jī)上的)全體機(jī)組人員;全體船員其他描寫(xiě)詞匯hazardousadj.危險(xiǎn)的,不安全的unexceptionaladj.平常的tragicallyadv.悲慘地,不幸地instantaneouslyadv.瞬間地lifelikeadj.生動(dòng)的,逼真的awesomeadj.很好的,了不起的[續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用]請(qǐng)從以上語(yǔ)料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語(yǔ)段。然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該語(yǔ)段。湯姆習(xí)慣于在安靜的環(huán)境中做作業(yè)。所以當(dāng)有一天,他聽(tīng)到一些人在驚恐地尖叫,他意識(shí)到發(fā)生了一些危險(xiǎn)的事情。湯姆打開(kāi)公寓門(mén)去查看。瞬間,一股濃煙使他打噴嚏又咳嗽。與此同時(shí),他能感覺(jué)到天花板上懸掛的燈在晃動(dòng)。原來(lái)是一家商店著火了。湯姆沖出門(mén),沿著走廊穿過(guò)煙霧去取水滅火。不幸的是,他公寓里的所有物品都被徹底燒毀了。半小時(shí)后,消防隊(duì)員趕到了,所有人都松了一口氣。老實(shí)說(shuō),這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)給他的生活蒙上了一層陰影。Tominquietsurroundings.Therefore,onedaywhenhe,herealizedsomethinghazardoushappened.Tomopenedthedoorofhisflattoinvestigate.Instantaneously,athickcloudofsmoke.Meanwhile,hecouldfeltthelampsuspendedfromtheceilingwasshaking.Itprovedthatashophadcaughtfire.Tomrushedoutthedoor,alongthecorridor,throughthesmoketofetchwatertoputoutthefire.Tragically,allhisbelongingsintheflatweretotallydestroyed.Halfanhourlater,thefirefightersarrived.Allthepeople.Tobehonest,thefirehislife.詞形變化填空(每小題3分,共15分)Wenormallyrespondtoarticlesubmissionsthataresubmittedwithinsixweeks.(submit)Tragically,onedaywhileswimming,shewasdrowneddeepinthesea.Whatatragedy!(tragic)Manystarsoverheadareinvisibletothenakedeyewhilemanyothersarevisible.(visible)Allexceptionalexpertswithoutexceptionhaveparticipatedinthecompetition.(except)Theactivityhastobesuspendedduetosomethingunexpected,andnooneknowshowlongthesuspensionwilllast.(suspend)選詞填空(每小題