考研《英語一》西寧市大通回族土族自治縣2023年最后沖刺試題含解析

考研《英語一》西寧市大通回族土族自治縣2023年最后沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)EveryafternoonIgivemyselfsometime.I1withacupofrichdarkchocolate,and2agoodbook.Alltomyself!My3timeoftheday.Untiltoday.TodayGabejoinedme.Hewasalloverme,4atmyarm,andwantingtoplay.Andlwasgettingannoyed.Icouldfeelallthis5buildinginside,thinking"thisismytime”．Iassureyou.Iamagreatmother,6I'malsohuman.Ithinkthesethoughtsoften,butwhatI'mmost7ofisnotactingonthese80rlivingthemout.Sotherelwasholdingitallinside9Gabecontinuedtoclimballovermeuntilthat10steppedin.Itsaid:“Nicole.Don'tbesoself-centered,caringonlyaboutYOUand"your11”.Thereare24hoursinadayandwhosaysthisoneisyours.Gabe12youandinayearfromnow,6monthsfromnow,13anhourfromnow,hewon'tbeneedingyour14andaffectionlikehedoesnow.Sogiveit.Notwhenit's15foryou,butwhenit'sneeded.16thatbook.Embracehim.Lovehim.”SoIdid.Foralmostanhour.AndIstillenjoyedmyhotcup,andmychocolate.Iwaseven17books!Kidsones.Andwithagoodstoryandmoral!Icannever18lifeoreverthinkinanywaythatIcancontrolitbecausesometimeslifehassomethingmuch19thanplanned.ThisisagreatlessonformeandsomethingIam20workingonwithinmyself.1、A．dressupB．turnupC．sitdownD．watchover2、A．buyB．enjoyC．writeD．share3、A．favoriteB．preciousC．hardD．unhappy4、A．laughingB．pointingC．staringD．pulling5、A．a(chǎn)ngerB．encouragementC．wisdomD．pleasure6、A．orB．butC．soD．for7、A．proudB．sureC．tiredD．a(chǎn)fraid8、A．positionsB．conditionsC．theoriesD．thoughts9、A．incaseB．a(chǎn)sifC．a(chǎn)sD．a(chǎn)lthough10、A．personB．voiceC．orderD．complaint11、A．timeB．hobbyC．healthD．wealth12、A．bothersB．hatesC．needsD．comforts13、A．everB．stillC．yetD．even14、A．directionB．loveC．wisdomD．bravery15、A．dangerousB．necessaryC．easyD．convenient16、A．HoldonB．PickupC．ThrowawayD．Putdown17、A．desertingB．readingC．ignoringD．keeping18、A．denyB．valueC．improveD．plan19、A．betterB．earlierC．quickerD．worse20、A．selflesslyB．a(chǎn)nxiouslyC．currentlyD．a(chǎn)ctuallySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Twenty-fiveyearsago,asaparenteducator,Ibeganreadingaboutthedangersofpraise.IwascompletelyshockedbywhatIwaslearning:praiseisnotgoodforourkids.Howcouldthatbe?SoIspentyearstalkingwithexperts,readingabouttheeffectsofpraise,andfinallydecidedtoclosethedooronpraiseandfocusonbuildinganencouragingfamily.Eventoday,withmanystudiesavailabletoparents,Istillhearpeoplesay,“Howcanthatbe?Howcansaying‘Goodjob’or‘You’resmart’bebad?”Iunderstand.Itcanbeadifficulthabittobreak.Ifwetellaboy“Youaresosmart!”whenhebringshomeanAinhismathtest,howdoeshefeelwhenhecomeshomewithaD?Ifwe’vetoldhimthatheissmart,thenhewillmorelikelyfeelafailurewhenhestruggleswithhomework—“I’msupposedtobesmart.Whycan’tIdothis?”Praisetrainschildrentodependonconstantfeedbackonwhata“greatjob”theyaredoing.Thisdependencyshattersratherthanbuildschildren’sconfidence.Praisetrainschildrentoask,“Doyoulikeit?”“DidIdoagoodjob?”“Areyouproudofme?”Theybegintobelievethatwhatothersthinkismoreimportantthanwhattheythinkabouttheirachievementsandmistakes.Praisebreakstherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.Withoutevenrealizingit,parentsmaybeusingpraiseasatooltodirectthechild’sbehavior.Themessageisclear—Iapproveofyouwhenyou…andIdonotapproveofyouwhenyou…Livingwiththiskindofconstantjudgmentcandamagenotonlythechild’sconfidencebutalsotherelationship.Thesolutiontotheproblemofpraiseisencouragement.Encouragementcanbegivenatanytime,toanyone,inanysituation.Itisacomment,anacknowledgment,astatementthatfocusesoneffort,improvementorchoice.Hearing“Youaresosmart!”canleaveachildatalosswhentheydon’tdowellinatest.Using“ThattookalotofworktocomehomewithanAinyourtest…”givesachildthechancetobesomethingelse.1、Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Manyparentscan’tgetonwellwiththeirchildren.B．Theauthornevershowsanyapprovaltohischildren.C．It’shardformanyparentstobelievepraiseisharmful.D．Theauthorspent25yearschangingpeople’sopiniononpraise.2、Accordingtothepassage,itseemsthatparents’praise______.A．canleadtochildren’sbeingsmartB．mighthavejusttheoppositeeffectC．isagoodtooltoeducatetheirchildrenD．helpsthemgetalongwellwiththeirchildren3、Whichofthefollowingisagoodexampleofencouragement?A．Youareverygoodatmath.B．YouarethebestartistIhaveeverseen.C．Youhaveaproblemandyouhavetofixit.D．Youdidn’tthinkyoucouldfinishintime,butyoudid.Text2Stuttering(口吃)isacommunicationdisorder(疾病)generallycharacterizedbyunconsciousrepetitionsorpausesintheflowofspeech.Theserepetitionsandpausescanbakemanyforms,suchasrepetitionsofpartsofwords(“l(fā)i-li-likethis”).Sometimes,therearemomentswhenasoundoraperiodofsilenceislengthened(“l(fā)lllikethis”or“l(fā)-ikethis”).Stutteringcanbeclassifiedintoanumberorcommunicationdisorders:neurogenic(神經(jīng)性的)stutteringandpsychogenicstutteringareassociatedwithsuddenonset(發(fā)作)and,astheirnamesimply,withaspecificknowncause—eitheraprobleminthemakeupofthebrainoragreatpsychologicalchallenge.Thesedisordersarecomparativelyrareanddifferintermsofcauses,symptomsandtreatmentfromdevelopmentalstuttering.Developmentalstutteringtypicallystartsbetweentheagesoftwoandahalfandfour.Theonsetofthedisorder,whichcanbegradualorrelativelysudden,generallyoccursduringtheperiodofrapiddevelopmentinachild’slanguageskills,motorskills,character,andsocialinteraction.Thecauseofdevelopmentalstutteringarenotwellunderstoodandvarioustheorieshavebeenofferedthroughoutthehistoryofspeech-languagepathology(thestudyofthecausesandeffectsofillnesses).Therootsofstutteringhavebeenbelievedtorelatetoanumberofcauses:emotionalproblems,neurologicalproblems,improperreactionsfromcaregiversandfamilymembers,languageplanning,andspeechmotordifficultiesamongothers.Thesetheorieshaveshownthepromiseofexplainingsomecharacteristicsofstutteringbutnosingletheoryhasthoroughlydescribedtheexperiencesofpeoplewhostutter.Youngchildrenwhohavestutteredforonlyashorttimehaveahighrateofnaturalrecovery,thoughitisimpossibletodeterminewhichchildrenaremostlikelytorecoverandwhicharelikelytocontinuestuttering.Mostexpertsrecommendearlyevaluationandtreatmentaimedatpreventingthedevelopmentofachronic(慢性的)communicationdisorder.Speech-languagepathologistsdisagreeaboutwhichapproachisbestforolderchildrenandadults.Treatmentoptionsincludetrainingtochangespeechpatterns,turningtodoctorstominimizenegativereactions,drugs,andelectronictoolsthatimprovefluency.Self-helpandsupportgroupsalsoplayanimportantroleinrecoveryformanypeoplewhostutter.Manypeoplewhohavetakenstutteringtreatmentprogramsareabletomakepositivechangesintheirspeechskillsandcommunicationabilitiessotheycancommunicatefreely.1、Ifasmallchildbeginstostutter,hisorherparentsshould________.A．givetheirfamilymoretime B．consultadoctorimmediatelyC．waitforthechildtorecovernaturally D．encouragethechildtospeakfluently2、Whatcanwesayabouttheapproachestotreatmentofstuttering?A．Theyprovetobeuselessforchildren.B．Theyareattheexperimentalstage.C．Theyproducepositiveeffects.D．Theyworkagainsteachother.3、Themainpurposeofthetextisto________.A．describerecentresearchonstutteringB．showustheclassificationofstutteringC．explainthedifferentformsofstutteringD．offersomebasicknowledgeofstutteringText3DearStudents,Iamdelightedtobeyourguest.Iwouldliketotellyouaboutmyself.Ihavebeenanewsreporterforthepastfifteenyears.IchosethisjobsoIcouldtraveltheworld,butthejobhastaughtmemanyunforgettablelessons.Theworkissometimesdifficult.Ihaveseenfamines,wars,earthquakes,povertyanddeath.ButIhavealsoseencourage,hopeandhappiness.InIndia,Ivisitedacitywherethereweremanyhomelesschildren.Somewereasyoungasfouryearsold.Theylivedinthestreetsandsurvivedbybeggingorstealing.ButthenawonderfulladycalledRosaopenedahomeforthem.Withinoneyear,shewaslookingaftertwohundredchildren.Sheclothedthem,fedthem,andtaughtthem.Shegavethemhope.Anothertime,IwasinTurkeyafteraterribleearthquake,inoneplace.Ifoundanoldladywhosehousewasinruins,hersonwasmissingandrescueworkerssaidtherewasnochancethathewasstillalive.Buttheoldladydidnotgiveuphope.Forfourdays,shemovedheavystonesoneatatimebyherself.Shedidnotstopuntilshefoundherson.Hewasalive.HereinChina,Imetayoungboywithaseriouscondition.Hehadundergonetwentyoperationsandspentnearlyhiswholelifeinhospital.Ithoughthewouldbesad,butwhenImethim,hissmilewassowarmandwelcoming.Inlife,weneedrolemodelsthatwecanadmireandlearnfrom.Whenmylifeisdifficult,Itrytorememberthecourageandgoodnessofthesethreepeople.1、Thespeakerisgivingaspeechtostudentsin__________.A．India B．Canada C．Turkey D．China2、Theunderlinedword“famine”inParagraph2means__________.A．extremelackoffood B．joy C．luck D．pleasure3、WhatcanwelearnaboutRosa?A．She’sarichladyandshelikestohelpthehomelesschildren.B．She’sagreatmotherandshelooksafterthehomelesschildren.C．She’sakind-heartedwomanandsheprovideshousesforthehomelesschildren.D．She’sagoodteacherandsheteachesthehomelesschildren.4、ForwhatdoesthespeakeradmiretheTurkishwomanandtheChineseboy?A．Theirbravery. B．Theirluck. C．Theirage. D．TheirstrongmindText4OnaflightfromDallas,Texas,toCincinnati,Ohio,tovisitafriendin2008,eventplannerPaigeChenaultdaydreamedaboutthegrandbirthdaypartiesshe’dthrowforherdaughteroneday.(Paigewasfivemonthspregnantatthetime.)Then,flippingthroughamagazine,shesawaphotoofanimpoverishedHaitianboy,skinny.“Ithought,thiskidhasnothing,”Paigesays.Theimagestayedwithher,andsheresolvedtodosomethingtohelp.“IdecidedIwouldusemytalentstothrowbirthdaypartiesforhomelesskids,”Paigesays.Forthenextfouryears,Paigeandherhusband,Colin,tooktimeoutfromparenthoodtovisitshelterstodeterminehowbesttopullofftheparties.Finally,inJanuary2012,Paigelaunchedthe

BirthdayPartyProject,anonprofitorganization,andrecruitedfriendsandfamilytohelpdecorateDallas’s42-occupantFamilyGatewayShelterwithballoonsandstreamers,celebratingthebirthdaysof11boysandgirls,with30morehomelesskidsinattendance.“ThatfirstpartywasbetterthanIcouldhaveeverimagined,”saysPaige.NowPaigeandherstaffofthreepaidemployeesworkwithregionalvolunteerstoplanmonthlythemedpartiesat12sheltersacrossthecountry,someofwhichhouseabusedorabandonedkids.Eachchildcelebratingabirthdaythatmonthgetsa$30gift,adecorativeplacemat,andanindividualcakeorcupcake.OneofPaige’sfavoritepartsofeachpartyiswhenthekidsmakeawishandblowoutthecandles.“Theyrarelygetachancetodreambig,”saysPaige.Herdaughter,Lizzie,nowseven,oftenhelpsoutattheparties.Paigesays,“TheonethingI’vealwayswantedisformykidtobegenerous.”1、WhatwasitthatmadePaigewanttohelpthehomelesschildren?A．AflightfromDallastoOhio. B．Herdaughter’sbirthday.C．ThephotoofaHaitianboy. D．Hertalentforthrowingparties.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impoverished”mean?A．a(chǎn)dorable B．poorC．talented D．dead3、Whatcanbelearntfromthepassage?A．Atotalof42full-timeworkersareemployedbyPaigeatpresent.B．Afterunsuccessfulattempts,Paigefinallythrewawonderfulpartyforthehomelesskids.C．Kidscanspend$30tocelebratetheirbirthday.D．Paigecommitsherselftothecauseofhelpingthehomelesskids.4、WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkPaigeis?A．Caringandsensitive. B．Competentandloyal.C．Kindandperseverant. D．Responsibleanddisciplined.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformfthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblanksNearly135,000peopleontheIndonesianislandofBalihavelefttheirhomesafterwarningsthattheMountAgungvolcanocoulderuptatanytimeBlowingsmoke,MountAgungissendingfrightthroughouttheareaItsalertstatues1．(raise)tothehighestlevelVillagers2．(live)beneaththevolcanohavetakenshelterintemporaryevacuationcentersPlentifulstocksoffood,water,medicinesandothersupplieshavebeenpreparedOnefarmerexpressedhisconcernthatlavacoulddestroyhishouseandfarmApartfromvillagers,therearearound30,000cattlewithinthedangerzonearoundthevolcanoEffortsarebeingmadetoevacuation（疏散，撤退）thelivestockasmuchaspossible3．itisanimportantsourceofincomeformanyresidentsIndonesianhasnearly130activevolcanoes,morethananyothercountryManyoftheseshowhighlevelsofactivity,butitcanbeweeksorevenmonths4．a(chǎn)nactualeruptiontookplaceBaliisfamousforitsbeachesandtemplesIt5．(witness)millionsofvisitorsoverthepastthreeyears,mainlyfromChina,AustraliaandJapan6．thethreateningvolcano,severalcountrieshaveissuedtravelwarningsagainsttheIndonesianislandSometouristsarenowhavingasecondthoughtsabouttheirholidayplansNowadays,itiscommonthatmoreandmorehighschoolstudentsopentheirownmicroblogsontheInternetForonething,itcanprovideacolorfulplatformtoshowtheirtalentFor1．,itisausefulwaytoreleasetheir2．(press)Andallthesemakeitmoreandmorepopularwithhighschoolstudents3．manyparentsandteachersholdadifferentviewTheythinkthatmanagingone’smicroblogwilltakealotoftimeandenergy,4．shouldbeusedtostudyInmyview,Iamgreatlyinfavor5．thisactivityTodaytheInternetisplaying6．importantandessentialroleinourlifeTherefore,ashighschoolstudentsoftheInformationAge,weneedtolearntomakeuseofthis7．(mean)tooltocommunicateanddisplayourselvesWhat’smore,openingandorganizingmicroblogsneedvariousabilitiessuchaswriting,designing,beingskillfulatcomputerandsoonOnlyifwemasterthoseabilitiescanwemakeasuccessfulmicroblogAsaresult,weimproveourselveswhile8．(organize)ourmicroblogsInfact,microblog9．(oneself)isoflittleharmItisyourattitudetowardsit10．mattersWeshouldtaketheadvantagesandavoidsomebadeffectsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Onahotsummerday,therearefewthingsthataremorewonderfulthananicecoolpool.1、Anditiscompletelyrelaxing.Ofcourse,ifyouhavechildren,therearecertainmeasuresyoushouldtaketokeepthemsafe,whetheryouhaveapoolinyourbackyardoryouaregoingtoapublicpool.Goswimmingtogether.Nopersonshouldeverswimalone.Thoughmanypeopledo,thesimpletruthisthatitonlytakesasecondforpeopletobecomeinjuredordrown.2、Havingsomeonetherewithyoucanmakethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Thisisespeciallytrueforyoungchildren.Ifyourchildrenisundertheageof5,youshouldneverallowthemtoswimoutofarm’slength.3、Kidslovetochaseoneanotherthroughthewaterandtosplashandjumparound.Butitisimportanttoteachchildrennottojumpontopofoneanotherandtowatchtheirsurroundingsinthewater,sothattheydonotaccidentallyknockintoothers,injuringthem.Playingaroundinthepoolisveryinterestingbutdangerous.Keepitlocked.Ifyouhaveapool,youmusthavealockinggatearoundyourpool.4、Keepthegatelockedatalltimes,evenwhenyouareinthepool.Itisterribleforchildrentostealintothepool.Knowthewayout.5、Makesurethattheyknowwhereallladdersareandhowtoenterandgetoutofthepoolproperly.Althoughyourchildrenmaybeabletoliftthemselvesoutofthepoolusingtheside,thatisnotthesafestwaytogo.A．Don’tplayaroundinthepool.B．Besuretoshowallchildrentheproperwaytoexitthepool.C．Swimmingunderwaterisforbiddeninthe