人教新課標(biāo)高中英語必修一講義Unit5NelsonMandela5.1Word版含答案

Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero曼德拉——南非首位黑人總統(tǒng)，被尊稱為南非國父。曼德拉不僅僅是一位偉人，更是人們敬仰的英雄。NelsonMandela,thefirstblackpresidentofSouthAfricawhowasasymbol(象征)ofsocialjustice(公正),passedawayonDec.5,2013.Hisdeathisagreatlosstothewholeworld,sincethismodernhero,whousedtofightfortheblackpeople,helpedtheblackpeoplegetthesamerightsaswhitepeople,andbeganaschooltohelpthosewhohadlittlelearningevenduringthetimewhenhewasputintoprison.Hewastheonewhoalwaysgavepriorityto(優(yōu)先考慮)hisnation.Nelsonwasagreatman,buthewasmorethanagreatman.Hewas,is,andalwayswillbeahero.Inmyview,beingaheromeansmorethanmakinggreatachievements.Infact,heroesareextraordinary(非凡的),becausetheirheartsarefilledwithloveforpeople.Itisthislovethatmakesthemheroes,ratherthangreatmen.Sothisisthedifferencebetweengreatmenandheroes.Whatmakesaheroisnotonlyone'sachievements,butalsohisselfless(無私的)love.Withgreatachievementsandselflesslove,thepersoncanbeeatruehero,justlikeNelsonMandela.短文注釋：1．passaway去世2．a(chǎn)greatloss一個(gè)巨大的損失3．usedtodo過去常常4．fightfor...為……而奮斗5．put...intoprison將……投入監(jiān)獄6．inmyview在我看來7．makegreatachievements取得巨大成就8．befilledwith充滿9．notonly...butalso...不但……而且……SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Pre-reading重點(diǎn)單詞寫作詞匯1.qualityn．質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)2．meanadj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的3．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的4．foundvt.建立；建設(shè)5．principlen.法則；原則6．stagen.舞臺；階段；時(shí)期7．votevt.&vn.投票；選票；表決8．a(chǎn)ttackvt.進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊拓展詞匯1.activeadj.積極的；活躍的→activelyadv.積極地→activityn．活動2．devotevt.(與to連用)獻(xiàn)身；專心于→devotedadj.忠實(shí)的；深愛的→devotion3．peacefuladj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平靜；和睦4．guidancen．指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)→guidev．指導(dǎo)；帶領(lǐng)5．hopefuladj.懷有希望的；有希望的→hopen．希望；愿望6．violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地7．equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同樣地；相等地；公平地8．selfn．自我；自身→selfishadj.自私的→selflessadj.無私的；忘我的→selflesslyadv.無私地；忘我地9．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的→illegaladj.(反義詞)非法的，違法的10．youthn．青年，青年時(shí)期→youngadj.年輕的11．lawyern．律師→law法律12．willingadj.樂意的，自愿的→unwillingadj.不樂意的閱讀詞匯1.warm-heartedadj.熱心腸的2．easy-goingadj.隨和的，溫和寬容的3．republicn.共和國4．giantadj.巨大的5．mankindn.人類6．leaguen.同盟；聯(lián)盟重點(diǎn)短語1.out_of_work失業(yè)2．a(chǎn)s_a_matter_of_fact事實(shí)上3．in_trouble在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中4．turn_to求助于；致力于5．blow_up使充氣；爆炸6．be_grateful_to對……感激7．die_for為……而死8．a(chǎn)chieve_one's_dream實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想重點(diǎn)句型1.Thisis/wasatimewhen...這是一個(gè)……時(shí)期However,this_was_a_time_when(這是一個(gè)……時(shí)期)onehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.2．where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾抽象地點(diǎn)名詞stageThelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereacheda_stage_where_we_have_almost_no_rights_at_all(幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段)．3．which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞way并在從句中作主語Wefirstbrokethelawin_a_way_which_was_peaceful(用和平的方式);whenthiswasnotallowed...4．only＋狀語置于句首要部分倒裝Only_then_did_we_decide_to(只有這個(gè)時(shí)候我們才決定)answerviolencewithviolence.5．It'snopleasuredoingsth.做某事沒有樂趣It's_no_pleasure_looking_through_these_any_longer(觀看這些已經(jīng)不再是樂趣)becausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.“n.＋-ful→adj.”薈萃①peace→peaceful和平的②pain→painful痛苦的③harm→harmful有害的④power→powerful強(qiáng)大的⑤meaning→meaningful有意義的⑥cheer→cheerful歡樂的后綴-ance高頻名詞全接觸①guidance指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)②importance重要；重要性③ignorance無知；愚昧④significance意義；重要性⑤appearance出現(xiàn)⑥tolerance寬容；容忍self反身代詞①myself我自己②yourself你自己③himself他自己④herself她自己⑤itself它自己⑥ourselves我們自己⑦yourselves你們自己⑧themselves他們自己“outof＋n.”短語集錦①outofwork失業(yè)②outofcontrol失控③outofmind心不在焉④outoforder有毛?。怀龉收息輔utofsight看不見“in＋n.”短語面面觀①introuble在困境中②indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中③inreturn作為回報(bào)④invain徒勞地⑤inorder井然有序⑥inplace在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢肧tepOne：WarmingupAfamouspersonmaynotbeagreatperson,butagreatpersonmustbeafamousperson.1．Whodoyouthinkaregreatpersonsinthefollowingpictures?答案：A，BandE2．WhatdoyouknowaboutNelsonMandela?He_devotes_his_life_to_helping_his_people_get_the_same_rights_as_white_people_in_his_country./He_is_a_national_leader_who_has_been_fighting_for_making_black_and_white_people_equal./Nelson_Mandela_is_regarded_as_one_of_the_greatest_spiritual_and_political_leaders_of_our_time.StepTwo：FastreadingSkimthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Thelifeofblackworkers.B．ThefightbetweenMandelaandthewhitepeople.C．ThestoriesbetweenMandelaandElias.D．TheeducationofElias.答案：C2．Matchthemainideaofeachpart.Paras.1～2(B)A．ThechangeofElias'lifeafterhemetNelsonMandelaandwhatMandeladidParas.3～7(A)B．ThelifeofEliasbeforehemetNelsonMandelaStepThree：CarefulreadingReadthereadingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1．WhydidEliashavetoleaveschool?A．Hedidn'thaveapassbook.B．Hishomewasfarfromtheschool.C．Hisfamilycouldn'taffordtheschoolfees.D．Hecouldn'treadorwrite.答案：C2．NelsonMandelaopenedablacklawfirminorderto________.A．makemoneyB．helpthepoorblackpeoplewiththeirproblemsC．makehimselffamousD．studylaw答案：B3．HowdidNelsonMandelahelpEliaskeephisjob?A．HetalkedwithElias'boss.B．Hehelpedhimgetthecorrectpapers.C．Helenthimsomemoney.D．Heaskedhimtogotocourt.答案：B4．WhatdreamdidNelsonMandelahave?A．TobeethepresidentofSouthAfrica.B．TowintheNobelPeacePrize.C．Tomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal.D．Toblowupsomegovernmentbuildings.答案：CStepFour：Explaindifficultsentences1．ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]第一次見到納爾遜·曼德拉的時(shí)候，是我一生中非常艱難的時(shí)期。2．However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]可是，那個(gè)時(shí)候你要想住在約翰內(nèi)斯堡非得要有身份證不可。3．SadlyIdidnothaveonebecauseIwasnotbornthere,andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbeeoutofwork.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]糟糕的是我沒有身份證，因?yàn)槲也皇窃谀抢锍錾?，并且我?dān)心是否會失業(yè)。4．...wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]我們被置于這樣一個(gè)境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實(shí)，要么跟政府作斗爭。ReadingELIAS'STORYMynameisElias.IamapoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandela【1】wasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Iwastwelveyearsold.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyer①towhomIwentforadvice【2】.Heofferedguidance②topoorblackpeopleontheirlegal③problems.Hewasgenerouswith④histime,for_which_I_was_grateful【3】．【1】when在此引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞Thetime。【2】towhom在此引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞theblacklawyer。介詞to與從句中的went搭配(gotosb.foradvice去某人處尋求建議)?！?】forwhich在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的整個(gè)句子。介詞for與從句中的grateful搭配(begratefulforsth.對某事非常感激)。IneededhishelpbecauseIhadverylittleeducation.Ibeganschoolatsix.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyears【4】wasthreekilometresaway.Ihadtoleavebecausemyfamilycouldnotcontinuetopaytheschoolfees⑤andthebusfare⑥.Icouldnotreadorwritewell.Aftertryinghard,Igotajobinagoldmine.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbook⑦toliveinJohannesburg【5】.SadlyIdidnothaveonebecauseIwasnotbornthere,andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbeeoutofwork⑧.【4】where在此引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞Theschool?！?】“thiswasatimewhen...”是常考句式，其中when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞atime。ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedme【6】wasoneofmyhappiest.Hetoldmehowtoget【7】thecorrectpapers⑨soIcouldstayinJohannesburg.Ibecamemorehopeful⑩aboutmyfuture.IneverforgothowkindMandelawas.WhenheorganizedtheANCYouth?League?，IjoineditassoonasIcould.Hesaid：【6】when在此引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞Theday?！?】howtoget為“特殊疑問詞＋動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在此處作told的直接賓語。“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastage?wherewehavealmostnorightsatall.【8】”【8】本句中“Thelastthirtyyears”為無生命名詞短語作主語；“haveseenthe...rightsandprogress”為“see＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中“stoppingourrightsandprogress”為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作賓補(bǔ)；“wherewehavealmostnorightsatall”為where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞astage。Itwasthetruth.Blackpeoplecouldnotvote?orchoosetheirleaders.Theycouldnotgetthejobstheywanted.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtolive【9】weredecidedbywhitepeople.Theplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolive【10】werethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.Noonecouldgrowfoodthere.InfactasNelsonMandelasaid：【9】inwhich在此引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞Thepartsoftown。【10】where在此引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞Theplacesoutsidethetowns。“...wewereputintoaposition?inwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment【11】.Wechosetoattack?thelaws.Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful【12】；whenthiswasnotallowed?...onlythendidwe【13】decidetoanswerviolence?withviolence.”【11】inwhich在此引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞aposition，其中“either...or...”連接了兩個(gè)不定式短語toaccept...和(to)fightthegovernment。【12】which在此引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞away?！?3】此處“only＋狀語”位于句首，句子用了部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)；“only＋狀語從句”位于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Asamatteroffact?，Idonotlikeviolence...butin1963Ihelpedhimblowup?somegovernmentbuildings.ItwasverydangerousbecauseifIwascaughtIcouldbeputinprisoneq\o(○,\s\up1(21))【14】.ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveeq\o(○,\s\up1(22))ourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequaleq\o(○,\s\up1(23)).【14】because在此引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，原因狀語從句中含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。伊萊亞斯的故事我叫伊萊亞斯，是南非的一個(gè)窮苦黑人工人。第一次見到納爾遜·曼德拉的時(shí)候，是我一生中非常艱難的時(shí)期。(當(dāng)時(shí))我才12歲。那是在1952年，曼德拉是我尋求建議的那位黑人律師。他在法律問題上給貧苦的黑人提供指導(dǎo)。他不吝惜時(shí)間，我對此非常感激。我需要他的幫助，因?yàn)槲抑皇苓^很少的教育。我六歲開始上學(xué)，我僅僅讀了兩年的那所有三公里遠(yuǎn)。我不得不輟學(xué)，因?yàn)槲壹覠o法繼續(xù)支付學(xué)費(fèi)和車費(fèi)。我既讀不好也寫不好。幾經(jīng)周折，我才在一家金礦上找到一份工作。然而，那時(shí)必須有身份證才能住在約翰內(nèi)斯堡。不幸的是我沒有這個(gè)證件，因?yàn)槲也皇窃谀抢锍錾?。我很?dān)心自己會失業(yè)。納爾遜·曼德拉幫助我的那天是我最高興的日子之一。他告訴我要想在約翰內(nèi)斯堡立住腳，應(yīng)當(dāng)如何獲取所需證件。我對自己的未來更加充滿了希望。我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了曼德拉是多么和善。當(dāng)他組織了非國大青年聯(lián)盟時(shí)，我馬上就參加了這個(gè)組織。他說：“過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。”這是事實(shí)。黑人沒有選舉權(quán)，也無權(quán)選擇自己的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。他們不能做自己想要做的工作。他們在城里不得不居住的地方是由白人決定的。他們被打發(fā)去城外居住的地方是南非最貧窮的地區(qū)。沒有人能在那兒種莊稼。事實(shí)上，正如納爾遜·曼德拉所說的：“……我們被置于這樣一個(gè)境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實(shí)，要么跟政府作斗爭。我們選擇對抗法律。首先我們用和平的方式來打破法律，當(dāng)這種方式得不到允許時(shí)……只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力?！笔聦?shí)上，我并不喜歡暴力……但是在1963年，我?guī)椭Я艘恍┱髽恰Ｄ鞘呛芪ｋU(xiǎn)的，因?yàn)槿绻蛔プ×?，我可能要坐牢。但我樂于幫忙，因?yàn)槲抑肋@將幫助我們實(shí)現(xiàn)使黑人和白人平等的夢想。[詞語積累]①lawyer/'l??j?/n.律師②guidance/'ɡaId?ns/n.指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)undertheguidanceofsb.＝underone'sguidance在某人的指導(dǎo)下③legal/'li?ɡl/adj.法律的；依照法律的illegaladj.非法的④begenerouswith在……方面慷慨大方⑤fee/fi?/n.費(fèi)(會費(fèi)、學(xué)費(fèi)等)；酬金⑥fare/fe?(r)/n.費(fèi)(車費(fèi)、船費(fèi)、飛機(jī)票價(jià)等)⑦passbook/'pɑ?s?b?k/n.南非共和國有色人種的身份證⑧outofwork失業(yè)⑨papers/'peIp?(r)z/n.證件⑩hopeful/'h??pfl/adj.懷有希望的；有希望的?youth/ju?θ/n.青年；青年時(shí)期?league/li?ɡ/n.同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會YouthLeague青年團(tuán)?stage/steId?/n.舞臺；階段；時(shí)期?vote/v??t/vt.&vi.投票；選舉n．投票；選票；表決?position/p?'zI?n/n.狀況；地位；位置；職位position后接定語從句時(shí)，若關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語則用where或inwhich。?attack/?'t?k/vt.進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊?allow/?'la?/v.允許，準(zhǔn)許?violence/'vaI?l?ns/n.暴力；暴行?asamatteroffact事實(shí)上?blowup使充氣；爆炸eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))putsb.inprison將某人關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄同義短語：sendsb.toprison;throwsb.intoprisoneq\o(○,\s\up1(22))achieve/?'t?i?v/vt.達(dá)到；完成eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))equal/'i?kw?l/adj.相等的；平等的[核心素養(yǎng)鏈接·文化采風(fēng)]1．曼德拉(NelsonRolihlahlaMandela)。1918年7月18日出生于南非特蘭斯凱，先后獲南非大學(xué)文學(xué)士和威特沃特斯蘭德大學(xué)律師資格，是南非著名的反種族隔離革命家、政治家和慈善家。1993年，曼德拉被授予諾貝爾和平獎。2004年，曼德拉被選為最偉大的南非人。2013年12月6日，曼德拉在約翰內(nèi)斯堡住所去世，享年95歲。2．約翰內(nèi)斯堡(Johannesburg)，南非第一大城市及第一大港，著名的“黃金之城”，是南非共和國經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化、旅游及航運(yùn)中心，世界著名的國際大都市，擁有人口388.81萬，其中半數(shù)以上是黑人。課時(shí)作業(yè)(十七)Unit5SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Pre-readingⅠ.閱讀理解AMickeyMauxMuddlesaMurderPhilipEmmaxlibrisHardback|Paperback|E-book$29.99|$19.99|$3.99MickeyMauxisawealthyscientistwhoinventsthingsandtakesondetective(偵探)caseswhenthey'retoohardforthepolice.Heesacrossastrangemurderscene(兇殺案現(xiàn)場)andsolvesitlikenootherdetectivecan.OneDayIwasThinkingAbout...AliceHartleyauthorhouse.Paperback|E-book$19.95|$3.99Thisbooksharespoemswhoseideasweregivenbyeventsandfamilymemberswhocametovisitbutneverstayed.Shortmeetingshaveshortpoems.Othersareaboutloveandhate.Letthembringasmiletoyourface!StressMakesYouFat,WrinkledandDeadEliezerBen-JosephauthorhouseHardback|Paperback|E-book$24.99|$19.99|$13.99Thesecretsherearesimpleandstraightforward.Theyaretheanswerstolife'sage-oldworries.Hereisabookforanyoneofanyagetolearnwhatitmeanstoliveahappy,worry-freelife.PrincessAmberMargaretWrightxlibris.auPaperback|E-book$24.19|$4.99PrincessAmberwaswrittentocelebratetheshortbutwonderfullifeofayoungchildintheauthor'sclass.Bornwithamedicalconditionandwalkingonlywithsupport,sheneededmorethananythingelsetodanceonthestage.【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本圖書。1．Whichofthefollowingbooksissoldatthehighestpriceinpaperback?A．PrincessAmber.B．OneDayIwasThinkingAbout...C．MickeyMauxMuddlesaMurder.D．StressMakesYouFat,WrinkledandDead.答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。對比文章所介紹的四本圖書的平裝本的價(jià)格可知，PrincessAmber的平裝本價(jià)格最高。2．Whosebookteachesreadershowtoavoidworriesinlife?A．PhilipEmma's.B．AliceHartley's.C．MargaretWright's.D．EliezerBen-Joseph's.答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由StressMakesYouFat,WrinkledandDead部分中的．..answerstolife'sage-oldworries以及l(fā)earn...worry-freelife可知，讀者可以從該書習(xí)如何去除生活中的煩惱和焦慮等，而該書的作者是EliezerBen-Joseph。3．WhatmakesPrincessAmberdifferentfromotherbooks?A．Ittellsatruestory.B．Itwaswrittenasagift.C．Itissuitableforreadersofanyage.D．Itissoldinbothprintedandelectronicforms.答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由該書內(nèi)容簡介部分中的PrincessAmberwas...ayoungchildintheauthor'sclass可知，該書講述的是一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事，主人公是作者的學(xué)生。BWandaButtsdroppedthephoneandscreamedwhensheheardthenewsthathersonwasdead.Joshhaddrowned(溺亡)whilesailingonalakewithfriends.The16-year-olddidn'tknowhowtoswim,andhewasn'twearingalifejacket.Joshwasnotaloneintheblackmunity.AccordingtoUSASwimming,70%ofAfrican-Americanchildrencannotswim.AccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,African-Americanchildrenbetweentheagesof5and14arethreetimesmorelikelytodrownthanwhitechildreninthesameagerange(范圍)．In2007,ButtsstartedtheJoshProject,anon-profit(非營利組織)thatprovideslow-costswimminglessonsforchildreninToledo,Ohio.TheswimminglessonstakeplaceatalocalhighschooloverfourSaturdaysforatotalcostof$10.Todate,theJoshProjecthashelpedmorethan1,000childrenlearnhowtoswim.“Thepublicpoolsnearourhomewereclosed,andotherplaceswerenotaffordable，”saidLisaHaynes,whose14-year-oldson,Joshua,isoneof60-plusstudentsintheJoshProjectthissummer.“IamlessworriedifJoshuaisnearwaterbecausehehasthebasicsofhowtoswim，”Haynessaid.“Andwe'rethankfulforthat.”Buttsisdoingmuchmore,however,thanjustprovidingswimminglessons.“Sheupstheawareness(意識)，”saidShaunAnderson,aswimmingcoachwhowassoinspiredbyherstorythathecreatedaJoshProjectswimmingprogramatNorfolkStateUniversity.“Oncethesemnunitieslearnhowtoswim,theywillpassitdown,whichresultsinfuturegenerations(代)thatknowhowtoswim.”Buttssaidshehastwowishesforthefuture:OneistochangethedrowningnumbersofAfrican-Americanchildren,andtheotheristohaveaswimmingcenterwherethechildrencanswimdailyinsteadofjustonceaweek.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。因?yàn)橐淮文缢录鹤拥腤andaButts創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)教非裔美國兒童學(xué)習(xí)游泳的非營利組織。4．WhatledtoJosh'sdrowning?A．Hewaspoorinboatingskills.B．Hegavehislifejackettoafriend.C．Hewasnevertaughtswimmingskills.D．Hewascarelesswhenswimminginthelake.答案與解析：C'細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段可知，因?yàn)椴粫斡厩椅创┚壬?，Josh在湖中與朋友們乘船航行時(shí)溺亡。5．WhydidtheauthorlistthenumbersinParagraph3?A．Toshowchildrenunder14aremorelikelytodrown.B．Toarguechildrenshouldlearnswimmingataveryyoungage.C．ToshowmanyAfrican－Americanchildrenlackswimmingskills.D．TointroducethedifferencebetweenAfrican-Americanandwhitechildren.答案與解析：C推理判斷題。第三段主旨句為第一句，即Josh的情況在美國非裔群體中并不罕見。接下來作者引用兩個(gè)組織提供的數(shù)據(jù)來支持這個(gè)說法，70%的非裔美國兒童不會游泳，且在5到14歲年齡段的兒童之中，非裔美國兒童溺亡的人數(shù)要比白人兒童高出幾倍。因此，這些數(shù)據(jù)是為了說明非裔美國兒童當(dāng)中有許多人都不會游泳。6．WhatcanwelearnabouttheJoshProject?A．Ithasitsownswimmingpools.B．Itprovideslessonsonlyinsummer.C．Itserveschildrenagedfrom5to14.D．Itsswimminglessonstakeplaceonceaweek.答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的Theswimminglessons...fourSaturdays以及最后一段中的wherethechildren...justonceaweek可知，該組織每周六開設(shè)游泳課程，一周一次。7．WhatdidLisaHaynesthinkoftheswimminglessonstheJoshProjectprovides?A．Expensive.B．Helpful.C．Interesting.D．Difficult.答案與解析：B'推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第四段中Haynes所說的話可知，她的兒子通過游泳課程學(xué)會了