2023屆山東省普通高等學校招生全國統一考試仿真模擬（一）英語試卷（含解析）

2023屆山東省普通高等學校招生全國統一考試仿真模擬卷

英語（-）

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號等填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如

需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。

寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37?5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

Notmanypeoplearecomfortablegoingdeepunderground.Buthumanshavebeengoing

under-groundforaslongaswe'vebeenhumans.Allovertheworldyou'llfindallmannerof

magnificentundergroundphenomena.Hereareourfavourite.

l.SaltCathedralofZipaquira,Colombia

Engineers,minersandsculptorsmanagedtocarveacathedralbeneath200meres.Evenmore

amazingisjusthowspectaculartheSaltCathedralofZipaquirainColombiais.Thelightfalls

throughit,fillingtheroomsandtunnelswithalmostneon-likebluesandpurples.Catchitona

Sunday,andyou'lldiscoverit'sstillafully-functioningRomanCatholicchurch.

2.SalinaTurda,Romania

BuiltdeepbelowtheEarth'ssurfaceinasaltmine,SalinaTurdafeaturesattractionslikea

panoramicwheel,mini-golf,bowling,tabletennisandevenboatingonaminelake.Whatthepark

lacksintraditionalhigh-thrillsrollercoasters,itmakesupforinstunningscenery.

3.Under,Norway

Thoughnotsomuchundergroundasunderwater,UnderinKristiansand,Norway,thisclassy

restaurantisfiveandahalfmetresbelowthesurface.DinersenjoythemselvesasicyNorthSea

cur-rentsmoveacrossthewindows.Youneverquiteknowwhatmightemergeoutofthedeep.

4.Thrihnukagigur,Iceland

Ifyoudon'twanttoclimbuptoavolcanocraterorviewitfromfaraway,youcantakealift

700feetdownintothevolcano.Thrihnukagigurissafe,havingnoteruptedin4,000years,buleven

so,ittakesacertainkindofthrill-seekertoactivelywanttogetupcloseandpersonalwitha

volcano.

1.Whichofthefollowingservesasachurch?

A.UnderinNorway.B.SalinaTurdainRomania.

C.ThrihnukagigurinIceland.D.SaltCathedralofZipaquirainColombia.

2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatUnderinNorway?

A.Rideonarollercoasterorplaymini-golf.B.Havedinnerinanunderwaterrestaurant.

C.Seethelightfilleveryroominthechurch.D.Takealiftandgodownintothevolcano,

3.WhatmakesThrihnukagigurasafeplacetovisit?

Alt'sonlyopentochurchpeopleonSunday.B.Itfeaturessaferecreationalequipment.

C.Theliftcantakevisitorsinandoutfast.D.It'sbeeninactiveforthousandsofyears.

B

Mysixteen-year-olddaughterJuliacalledtwentyminutesaftersheleft,sayingshehadan

accident.Igrabbedmyshoesandwasinthecarinlessthanaminute.WhenIfinallysawher,I

huggedhertight.ThenIlookedattheotherdriver.Learningthathefellasleepbehindthewheelat

aboutseventymilesanhourwhenthespeedlimitwasforty-five,Icouldhavechokedhim.

“Itcouldhavebeenworse,“1remindedmyselfasshecriedallthewaytothedoctor'soffice.

Luckily,fourdaysaftertheaccident,Juliafeltbetter.Atherappointment,herdoctorclearedherto

resumenormalactivities,includingdriving.ButIcouldtellbyherlookthatshehadnointentionof

gettingbehindthewheel.

Laterthatday,IsatwithJuliaasshespokeonthephonewithourinsuranceagent.Onthe

phone,shewasprofessional,tellingtheagentwhathadhappenedinaclear,conciseway.Irealized

shesoundedlikeanadult.Andadultsdrivecars.IrealizedthatnomatterhowIfeltaboutit,

allowingJuliatogiveintoherfearwasn'tgoodforher.Whenshehungup,Ihuggedher/'YouYe

strongerthanyouthink,"Isaid."Andtomorrowyou'regoingtodrivemycarandmeetyourfriends

forlunch.Youjusthavetopushthroughthefearanddoit,anditwillgeteasiereachtimeyoudo.”

IignoredthefearinhereyesandthewaymyheartspedupwhenIthoughtaboutJuliabehindthe

wheelagain.

Thenextday,Juliadrovemycartomeetherfriends.AsIwatchedherleave,Ifeltnervousand

proud.Shetextedmewhenshegottotherestaurant,andIfeltmyheartratereturntonormal.The

tearsI'dbeenholdingbackallweekfloodedmyeyes.Watchingherleavethehousewithoutme

forthefirsttimesincetheaccidentwasfrightening,butitwasalsonecessary.

4.Whatwastheauthor'sreactionatthedriver'swords?

A.Shealmostburstwithanger.B.Shefeltguiltyforherdaughter.

C.Shefeltsympathyforhim.D.Shewaschokedwithsorrow.

5.WhatdidthedoctorsuggesttoJulia?

A.Stayingawayfromdriving.B.Attendingadrivinglesson.

C.Contactingtheinsuranceagent.D.Retakingherroutineactivities.

6.WhatdidtheauthorrealizewhenJuliaspokeonthephone?

A.Thedrivertooktheblamefortheaccident.

B.Theaccidenthadbeenworsethanexpected.

C.Juliashouldovercomethefeartodrive.

D.Juliawassmarttodealwithanytrouble.

7.WhydidtheauthorcryatJulia'stext?

A.Juliawasgoodatlearningtodrive.BJuliarecoveredmentallyandphysically.

C.Juliahadsupportivefriendsandparents.D.Juliacouldlookafterherselfwhendriving.

C

Assummercomes,thepromiseof"workingfromanywhere"comesdowntothediscomfortof

thesweatykitchentable,anoisycafeortheofficehotdesk.Nowhotelsareoffering“thirdspaces",

promotingtheconceptofworkinanelegantsetting.YourcolumnistBartlebytriedouttworecent

Londonofferings.

ShefirstheadedtoBirch,ahotelnorthofthecity.Menandwomenintheir20sandearly30s

workoverlaptopsandglassesofredwineatitsHubco-workingarea,withclassesinpottery,

baking,andotherstructuredactivities.Somepayamonthlymembershipfeeandenjoyspecial

discountstostaythereandworkdigitallyremotely,butyoucan,likeBartleby,comeasanovernight

guest.

HerseconddestinationwastheShangri-LahotelintheShard,whichnowoffersstaysfrom

10amto6pm,aimedatthosewishingtoworkandrelaxbyofferingachangeofsceneryto

inspire.

BothBirchandtheShangri-Lahavetheirvirtues,likeBirch'sexcellentWi-Fiandthestretch

class.SodoestheShangri-La,withitspoolandaviewofStPaul'sCathedralfromyourroomon

the38thfloor.

Yetproblemssoonbecameapparent.Thefirstisprice.AnovernightstayatBirchorthe

Shangri-Lasetsyouback,whilethecityhasplentyofcheapef'thirdspaces9,.Thesecondproblem

is:howproductiveworkerscanbewithallthedistractionsdesignedtomakeworknotfeellike

work?Third,ifyoucangetdowntobusiness,youmayaswellbeathomeortheoffice.Thefriendly

atmosphereBirchtriessohardtoproduceistheverythingyoumissbystayingawayfromyour

office.Aswithmostmaterialindulgences（放縱），asenseofemptinesscomesoncethefreshness

ofthehotelwearsoff.

Justdon*texpectwhite-collartypestocrowdinhotelsforahardday'swork.Mostofthe

Shangri-La'sdaytimeresidentsaren'texecutiveskeentinspire.AsforBartleby,youwillfindherat

TheEconomist'sLondonheadofficeor,failingthat,herkitchentable.

8.What'sthepurposeofworking"thirdspaces"?

A.Tofreepeopleoftravelingtowork.B.Topromoteworkplacecreativity.

C.lbplaceworkersingoodworksettings.D.Tohelppeopledealwiththelockdown.

9.What*stheadvantageofBirchaccordingtoBartleby?

A.Itholdsregularwork-relatedclasses.B.Itprovidesdiscountsforcompanies.

C.Ithasinspiringsceneryforvisitors.D.Itoffersdayworkandnightstays.

10.WhatdoestheShangri-Laoffertoofficeworkers?

A.Staysthereintheworkinghours.B.Staysovernightforofficework.

C.Thefriendlyofficeatmosphere.D.Work-relatedtrainingcourses.

1l.Howdoestheauthorliketheideaofworkingfromhotels?

A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Sympathetic.D.Uncertain.

D

Cartyresproduceparticles（微粒）whenpickingupspeedorstopping,whichareconsidered

byenvironmentalscientiststobeoneofthemostsignificantsourcesofmicro-plasticsinthe

ocean.Rain-fallandwindcarrythemintoriversandthesea.Theyarealsoreleasedintothe

atmosphere,wheretheycancirculateintotheoceanandbackagain.A2020studysuggested

windblownmicro-plasticsareabiggersourceofoceanpollutionthanrivers.

Whileitisdifficulttopindowntheexactcompositionofmicro-plastics,thereisplentyof

re-searchwhichpointstotyredustmakingupasignificantportion.In2017,aglobalmodelfound

tyreweartobethesecondlargestsourceofprimarymicro-plasticsintheocean,at28%.Andin

2019,areportbyscientistsacrossEuropeconcludedabrasion（磨損）fromcartyreswasalarge

sourceofmicro-plastics.Whilethereremainsalackofdataonriskstotheenvironmentandhuman

health,thescientistsconcludedthatiffutureemissionsremainconstantorincrease,theecological

riskscouldbewidespreadwithinacentury.

Tyre-wearparticlesareubiquitous.Theaveragetyreloses4kgoveritslifetime,andtyre

particleshavebeenfoundeverywherefromthedeepseatotheatmosphere,evenintheArcticand

theAntarctic.

Thestudyofmicroplasticisjustbeginning.Fewerthan100scientificpapersaboutthem

havebeenpublishedtodate,alloftheminthelastdecade.EdwardKolodziej,aprofessoratthe

UniversityofWashington,citestwostudiesfromChinashowingthattyredustisanimportant

contributortourbanairpoIlution/'There*reunknownchemicalspresentinthesethingsthatare

endingupinourlungs.”

Expertscallformoretransparencyfromthetyrecompanies/'Buttheformulaiswhatgivesa

manufacturercompetitiveadvantage.Sharingingredientsisdifficultandcomplicated.Veryfew

people,exceptmanufacturers,knowwhat'sinthetyres,"saidAllen.44Whenitcomesto

micro-plastic,wedon'tknowwhatasafelevelisandwemayhavealreadypassedit."

12.Whatdidtheglobalmodelfindaboutcartyres?

A.Theycausemorepollutiontotheseathantorivers.

B.Theirexactcompositioncanbetrackeddown.

C.Tyreparticlesareoneofthelargestseapollutants.

D.Theyhavecausedgreatrisktohumansurvival.

13.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordHubiquitousninparagraph3mean?

A.Widespread.B.Dangerous.C.Complex.D.Unique.

14.WhatcanweinferfromEdward'swords?

A.ThetwostudiesfromChinaareleadingthefashion.

B.Theunknownchemicalsintheairaredangerous.

C.Tyreparticlesareamajorpollutantintheairincities.

D.Furtherresearchshouldbedoneabouttyreparticles.

15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TyresAretoBlameasaPollutantintheOcean

B.TyreCompaniesShouldActAgainstMicro-plastic

C.TyreDustBecomesaHugeThreattoOceanLife

D.SafetyLevelsofMicro-plasticHaveBeenRaised

第二節(jié)共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12?5分）

根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余

選項。

Sofarthissummer,nearly65percentoftheUSisexperiencingabnormallydryweather.That

meansmorethan109millionpeoplearelivingunderdroughtconditions.___16___

Jessicahasthesesuggestionsforhowtokeepyourgardenhealthyduringperiodsofdry

weather.Tobeginwith,ifyouaregardening,decidewhichplantsneedwatermost.___17___They

requireregularwateringuntiltheirrootsbecomeestablished.Oldertreescansufferduringdrought

aswell.Flowersreturnyearafteryearandshouldbenextonthelist,alongwithvegetablesintheir

floweringandfruitingperiods.

Lowonthelistofprioritiesshouldbeplantsthatonlyliveforonegrowingseason.___18___

Nonewilllikelysurvivewiththelittlewaterthatcanbeofferedunderforcedrestrictions.

___19___Mostplantsrequireanaverageof2to4centimetersofwatereachweekunder

normalconditions.Thatneedcouldincreaseduringextremeheat,whenthesoildriesoutmore

quickly.Doniofferyourplantstheirweeklywaterneedsallatonce.Divideitovertwoorthree

timesperweek.Usingrecycledhouseholdwatertowaterplantsisalsoagoodchoice.

Avoidfertilizingplantsduringdrought.___20___Andavoidusingweedkillers.Thesecan

movetootherareasinhotweatherandarelesseffectiveinhightemperatures.

Lastly,don'tplantanythingnew,andusemorenativeplants.Avoidcuttingplants,which

in-creasestheirwaterneeds.Takenoteofthesunrequirementsofeachofyourplants.

A.Othersincludecropswithhighwaterneeds.

B.Andalotofthemhaveplantstoworryabout.

C.Newlyplantedtreesarehighontheprioritylist.

D.Makingfulluseofwatermeansreducingwaterwaste.

E.Equallyimportantisthatyoushouldwatereffectively.

F.Fertilizerscausefastgrowth,whichincreasestheneedforwater.

G.Inthefuture,considerreplacingthelawnwithnativegroundcovers.

第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處

的最佳選項。

Itwasabrightspringafternoonalongthecoast.Jonathanandhis13-year-olddaughterAva

weredrivinghomeon由6__21___.

Suddenly,ablackpickupranintoaconcrete___22___.Itranoverthevehicledirectlyahead

and23overtherailing（欄桿）ofthebridge.Stoppingthecar,herantothepickup,which

was24about30feetabovethewatersofthebay.Thedriver's25openedandaman

climbedout.Jonathanrantohim.Theman___26___down.Inthewaterwasacarseat.Nexttoitwas

agirlabouttwoyearsold,terrified,27onherback,kickingandscreaming.

Mattersquicklywentfrombadto___28___whenthegirlrolledoverontoherstomach.

Jonathanclimbedontotherailingandjumpedontothebeach.Jonathanswamtoherand___29___

heroutofthewater:mouthhalfopen,___30___nearlyclosed,notbreathing.Standing,he___31___

heragainsthisshoulderandpattedherbackwithhishand.

Asoceanwatercamestreamingfromhermouth,beautifullittle___32___heldhimaroundthe

neck.Hereyeswereopenednow,___33___onhim.Hepulledherclose,hugginghertoprotecther

fromthecold.

Amomentlateraboatpulledupandhelpedthem___34___.Minuteslater,thegirlwassent

tohospital.

Avawasso___35___byherfather'sactionsthatshedecidedtobecomeafirefightersothat

shetoocouldsavelives.

21.A.experimentB.researchC.subwayD.bridge

22.A.trapB.reservationC.barrierD.boundary

23.A.ranB.restedC.tookD.turned

24.A.checkingB.hangingC.jumpingD.driving

25.A.doorB.seatC.wheelD.view

26.A.pointedB.pacedC.heldD.set

27.A.carryingB.puttingC.floating□.working

28.A.disappointingB.frighteningC.annoyingD.confusing

29.A.draggedB.rushedC.liftedD.seized

3O.A.handsB.eyesC.developmentD.breath

31.A.laidB.stuckC.pushedD.sank

32.A.decorationsB.marksC.fingersD.strings

33.A.drawnB.forcedC.carriedD.focused

34.A.altogetherB.aloudC.particularlyD.aboard

35.A.inspiredB.entertainedC.persuadedD.appointed

第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

Thepopularityofsmall-townandruralbloggersonlineacrossChina'svideoplatformsare

becomingnewtrendsacrossChina,___36___(reveal)atrue,diverse,anddynamicChinese

society.

Asthe___37___(popular)shortvideoplatforms,KuaishouandDouyincontinuetooffer

windowsintoChina'srurallife.Ruralbloggersfeelcomfortableinusingtheirsmartphonesto

showtheirordinaryyetcolorfullivesanddiversevalues___38___netizensaroundtheworld.

Amateurshootingandeditingskillshaven'tdiscouragedruralcontentcreatorsfromattracting

millionsoffanswho___39___(impress)bythepowerfulandconfidentself-expressionthrough

shakycameras.

Videosshowingauthenticrurallivesremain___40___(high)popularacrossnumeroussocial

mediaplatforms.Already,technologicaladvancements___41___(make)thesharingofordinary

people'sliveseasierandmorerealistic.Thisisworthrecordingtoinspireothers.

Youngpeopleincitiesarecuriousabout42___diversityofChinesesociety.Theyareoften

attractedbythe___43___(optimistic)ofthepeopleshowninthevideosgoingabouttheirdaily

routinesorcompletingtasksthatmakepeople44___(challenge).

Kuaishou,thevideoplatform,haswitnessedhowChina'sruralcommunitieshavegradually

emergedfromthebackwatersofsocietytoprosperity,___45___demonstratesthecountry's

successfulfightagainstpovertyandimprovedinfrastructure.

第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（滿分15分）

假設你是李華，你的留學生朋友Victor因故沒有參加你們社團上周日的農家樂采摘活

動。請你給他寫封郵件，內容包括：

1.表示遺憾；

2.講述活動內容；

3.希望他下次參加活動。

注意：

L寫作詞數應為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearVictor,

Yours,

LiHua

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成■-篇完整的短文。

IopenedthetextfrommyagentSusaninMiami.Itread:'Tdliketosubmityouforacruise

commercial（游輪廣告）thatshootstheendofJune.ltpaysextremelywell.Areyouavailable?

"Susanhasbeenmywonderfulagentforyears.

Itextedback:"Ofcourse,andthankyouforthinkingofme."Thenextday,Ireceivedane-mail

fromSusan.Iglancedatthedetails.ThecommercialwouldbeshotintheGalapagosIslands,six

wonderfuldaysonboardamajorcruiseship.Iwasthrilled.Suddenly,Isawthedescriptionofmy

character/'Grandma^hastobeastrongswimmer.Myheartsank.

IcalledSusan,hopingthatshewouldunderstand."!！fiveyearsofdoingtheircommercials,I

neveroncehadtoactuallygetinthewater.Iwasalwayscastasthemom-typesittingbythepool,

dancinginthemoonlight."!acceptedmyfate.Aweeklater,!waseatingbreakfastbythepool.

Wasn'tittimetofacemyfearsandtakeonanewchallenge?Afterall,Ihadtakenasemesterof

swimminginhighschool.

Ifinishedeatingandwentinsidetolookthroughmyoldclothes.Therewasablackone-piece

swimsuit.Iputitonandposedinfrontofmybathroommirror.IthoughtIlookedprettygoodfor

sixty-nineyearsold.

Islowlyloweredmybodyintotheshallowendofthepool.Myarmsandlegsfeltclumsy,but

Istoodupandletoutavictorycry.Ihadonlybeencrossingthewidthofthepoolsonowitwas

timeforthebigchallengetoswimthelengthofthepool.

Istayedclosetotheedgeandmadeittothecenterofthepool.Thoughafraid,Itriedaslow

crawlandmadeittotheendofthepool.ThenIreturned,stoppingseveraltimestocatchmybreath.

WhenIgotoutofthepool,!wasfilledwithpride,andclosedmyeyes,feelingthewarmthofthe

sunonmyexhaustedbody.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數應為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Thatnight,Ifeltwornoutfromoverextendingmyneckandarms.IknewIneeded

professionalhelp.___________________________________________________________________

Everyday,IreturnedtomypooLgainingstrengthinmystrokesandbreathcontrol..

2023屆普通高等學校招生全國統一考試仿真模擬卷

英語參考答案(一)

A

本文是一篇廣告應用文。文章介紹了世界上四個位于地下的旅游景點：哥倫比亞的錫帕

基拉鹽礦大教堂、羅馬尼亞的薩利納?圖爾達鹽礦主題公園、挪威的水下餐廳以及冰島的斯

瑞努卡基古火山。

1.D細節(jié)理解題。第一則場地的介紹說，哥倫比亞的錫帕基拉鹽礦大教堂是一座地底下的

羅馬天主教堂，現在還在被當作教堂使用，因此選D。

2.B細節(jié)理解題。根據題干可以把答案定位在第三則場地介紹。其中提及游客可以在挪威

的克里斯蒂安桑的水下餐廳吃飯，因此選B。

3.D細節(jié)理解題。最后一則介紹說，位于冰島的斯瑞努卡基古火山已有四千多年沒有噴發(fā),

因此進入火山內部是安全的。

B

本文是一篇記敘文。作者的女兒第一次開車就遇到車禍，在治療的過程中，作者鼓勵女

兒戰(zhàn)勝恐懼感，重新自信地坐在駕駛室里。

4.A推理判斷題。第一段說，當作者聽說肇事司機當時在限速45km/h的區(qū)域以70km/h的

速度開車，并且還睡著了，此時作者幾乎想要掐死他(Icouldhavechokedhim),由此判斷

選A。

5.D細節(jié)理解題。第二段說，預約的醫(yī)生告訴茱莉亞，她應該繼續(xù)自己先前的正常活動，

包括開車，因此選D.6.C細節(jié)理解題。第三段談到茱莉亞與保險公司代理人打電話，在聽

女兒與代理人交流的時候作者意識到，女兒長大了，不能讓她生活在對開車的恐懼中，要讓

她戰(zhàn)勝恐懼，繼續(xù)開車。因此選C。

7.B推理判斷題。最后一段說，當茱莉亞到達餐館給作者發(fā)來信息時，作者流下了抑制多

時的淚水，由此推斷選B,作者知道，女兒戰(zhàn)勝了心里的恐懼，身心都已經恢復。

C

本文是一篇議論文。居家辦公和在辦公室辦公都有其弊端，于是開拓第三空間的”酒店

辦公”成為一種新型的辦公模式，但是這種模式有太多令人分神的東西，而且新鮮感過后人

們又會有無聊的感覺，因此并不是一種理想的辦公模式。

8.C推理判斷題。第一段說，隨著夏季的來臨，人們或在令人汗流泱背的廚房餐桌上居家

辦公，或在嘈雜的咖啡館辦公，或在炎熱的辦公室辦公。很多酒店推出“第三空間”，以推廣

在優(yōu)雅環(huán)境里工作的理念。由此推斷選C?9.D細節(jié)理解題。第二、第三段談到英國倫敦

的兩家酒店給上班族提供的工作環(huán)境，說Birch酒店給在這里上班的客人提供額外的課程，

并且繳納會員費之后還能享受晚上住宿的優(yōu)惠，而Shangri-La酒店只提供早上10點到下午

6點的工作時間，因此選D。

10.A細節(jié)理解題。第三段說，Shangrr-La酒店給來這里辦公的人們提供早上10點到下午6

點的工作時間，因此選A.

11.B推理判斷題。本文陳述了在酒店辦公的好處和弊端，然后說，當這種新鮮感消失之后，

人們就會有空虛的感覺，而且別指望白領族或者主管會入住酒店辦公。由此推斷作者的態(tài)度

是B,“不贊同的”。

D

本文是一篇說明文。汽車在加速和剎車的時候，輪胎會產生大量的塑料微顆粒，這些顆

粒會進入海洋，成為海洋第二大污染物。要想解決這個問題，就需要輪胎生產廠家公布其配

方。

12.C細節(jié)理解題。根據題干的“theglobalmodel”可以把答案定位在第二段。該段說，2017

年人們建立了一個全球性的模型，結果發(fā)現汽車輪胎磨損產生的微顆粒是海洋微顆粒的第二

大來源，由此可知選C。

13.A詞義猜測題。畫線詞所在段落講述這種微顆粒無處不在，從深海到大氣層，在南極和

北極都有，因此該詞的含義是A。

14.D推理判斷題。第四段愛德華說，輪胎微顆粒已成為造成城市空氣污染的重要因素，而

被我們吸進體內的這些微顆粒里面有些未知的化學成分，因此還需要進一步的研究。由此推

斷選D。

I5.C標題歸納題。本文圍繞汽車輪胎產生的塑料污染展開論述，講述汽車輪胎造成的塑料

微顆粒污染的來歷，對海洋生命的危害，以及輪胎生產公司應該承擔的責任，因此本文的標

題選C。

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹在旱情嚴重的背景下如何栽種和保養(yǎng)花草，如何根據植物對水

的需求區(qū)別對待。

16.B語境題。前文說到美國的干旱情況，下文提到如何在栽培植物的時候節(jié)約用水，B項

符合語境的過渡：他們很多人還要擔心自己栽種的植物的情況。

17.C語境題。前文說“判斷哪些植物最需要水”，C項說“最優(yōu)先考慮的是新栽種的植物“符

合語境.

18.A語境題。承接前面一段，本段說的是最不被優(yōu)先考慮的植物，A項的“Others”與前文

的"plantsthatonlylivefbronegrowingseason”呼應。

19.E主旨題。這一段說的是植物在不同的天氣情況下對水的需求不同，當天氣干燥時，應

少量多次進行澆水。這里說的是澆水的時候注意有效性，因此本段的主題句選E.

20.F語境題。語境說的是干旱期間不要給花草施肥，因此選F。

本文是一篇記敘文。故事的主人公從橋上跳進大海，搶救落水的小女孩，并在眾人的幫助下

將女孩送到醫(yī)院。

2I.D根據下文的“therailing（欄桿）ofthebridge”判斷，這里說的是故事的主人公開車帶著

女兒正從一座橋上經過，因此選D。

22.C從語境和四個選項看，這里說的是行駛中的這輛車突然沖破障礙物，開到橋邊上，因

此選C表示“障礙”。

23.B根據句意，這里用rest來描述車子撞破障礙物之后沖到橋邊，懸掛在橋上的情景，rest

在這里表示“靠某物支撐

24.B這里用動詞hang表示“懸掛”。

25.A這里說的是司機這邊的車門被打開，因此選A。26.A這里說的是這個司機指了指下

面的海水，因此選A。

27.C語境表示小女孩從車子里被甩出來，漂浮在下面的海面上，因此選C。

28.B語境說從車上被甩到海水里的兩歲的小女孩在水里翻了個身，結果臉朝下趴在水里，

此時她的情況就更令人擔心了，因此選B。

29.C這里敘述喬納森救人時的緊迫情形，因此選C表示“抬起，舉起”。30.B語境說的是

小女孩此時緊閉雙眼而且沒有呼吸，因此選B。

31.A這里用動詞lay表示“安放”，指他把小女孩放在自己的肩頭，拍打女孩的背部。

32.C從語境的連貫看，喬納森救起洞水女孩，輕輕拍打她的背部，小女孩慢慢恢復知覺，

小手摟住他的脖子。因此選C。

33.D語境說的是小女孩在喬納森的肩頭醒來，眼睛看著他，因此選D。

34.D這里說的是幫助