2021新高考英語重難題型考前押題卷 （三）江蘇專用 解析版

2021年新高考押題卷（三）英語試卷江蘇專用解析版

考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分

第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題:每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Herearesomeappsyoumayfinduseful.

Mirror

Itislikehavingapersonaltrainerinyourhomewithyou.Thesupersmartscreenisdesigned

tolooklikeafull——lengthmirror.Itoffersmorethan20typesofworkoutswithclassesranging

from15to60minutesandbeginnertoexpertlevels.Mirrorrequiresspecialequipmentthatis

separatefromthepriceofamembership.

Peloton

Eventhosewhodon'tlikeexerciseknowwhatPelotonis.WorkoutsavailableonthePeloton

appgofarpastbiking.ButwithsomanyPelotondie—hardspraisingtheappasoneofthebest

cardio（有氧運(yùn)動）workoutsoutthere,thecyclingaspectdeservesaspotlight.Pelotonis

community——basedandoffersthechancetobikewithothermembers.Classesarefuntofollow

along,ledbyfamousinstructors.

Fitbod

Itbuildscustomworkoutsbasedonyourstrength-trainingability,pastworkouts,and

availablegymequipment.Eachdayyougetapersonalizedfitnessplantohelpyougetstronger.It

isitsadvantagethatattractsmanydie——hardfans.Fitbodworkoutsfocusonallyourmuscle

groupsintheclasses.Fitbodisfreetotry,butifyouwanttounlocktheunlimitedworkouts,you

havetopay.

Tonal

Itisdesignedforpeoplewholiketherangeofmachinesatthegym,butdonftlikesharing

them.Itbringsthewholegymsetuphome,butit'snotcheap.Accessories（配件）likehandlesanda

bencharesoldseparately.Insteadoftakingupabunchofspaceinyourgarageorbasement,Tonal

provideseverythingincludingfitnessclassesinatouch—screendisplay.

1.Whichappisbestforcyclists?

A.Fitbod.B.Tonal.C.Mirror.D.Peloton.

2.WhatisspecialaboutFitbod?

A.Itoffersdailyworkoutplan.

B.Itcanbeusedforfreeforever.

C.Ithasofflinepersonaltrainers.

D.Itcentersonweightlossprograms.

3.Whatdothefourappshaveincommon?

A.Theyrequirecustomerstoregister.

B.Theysellrelevantequipment.

C.Theygivefitnessclassesonline.

D.Theycanbeusedwhileworking.

【答案】DAC

【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四款健身軟件。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Peloton”部分第二句"ButwithsomanyPelotondie——hardspraisingtheapp

asoneofthebestcardio（有氧運(yùn)動）workoutsoutthere,thecyclingaspectdeservesaspotlight.^^

（但是，有那么多的鐵桿粉絲稱贊這款應(yīng)用是最好的有氧運(yùn)動之一，因此騎行方面值得關(guān)注。）

可知，對于騎行的人來說Pelolon是最好的應(yīng)用。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Fitbod”部分第二句“Eachdayyougetapersonalizedfitnessplantohelp

yougetstronger79（每天你都會得到一個個性化的健身計劃來幫助你變得更強(qiáng)壯。）可知，

Fi由od的特殊之處在于它提供每日健身計劃。故選A。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Miiror”部分第三句"Itoffersmorethan20typesofworkoutswithclasses

rangingfrom15to60minutesandbeginnertoexpertlevels.”（它提供20多種類型的鍛煉，課

程從15分鐘到60分鐘不等，初學(xué)者到專家水平。）,“Peloton”部分最后一句“Classesarefunto

followalong,ledbyfamousinstructors.^^（在著名導(dǎo)師的帶領(lǐng)下，跟隨課程是很有趣的。），

“Fitbod”部分倒第二句"Fitbodworkoutsfocusonallyourmusclegroupsintheclasses.**（Fitbod

健身在課堂上的集中在所有肌肉群。）和“Tonal”部分最后一句“Insteadoftakingupabunchof

spaceinyourgarageorbasement,Tonalprovideseverythingincludingfitnessclassesina

touch-screendisplay."（與在你的車庫或地下室占用大量空間不同，tone在觸摸屏上提供包

括健身課程在內(nèi)的一切服務(wù)。）可知，這四款應(yīng)用都提供線上健身課程。故選C。

Wheniscleaningwallsacrime?Whenyou'redoingittocreateart,obviously.Anumberof

streetartistsaroundtheworldhavestartedexpressingthemselvesthroughapracticeknownas

reversegraffiti（涂鴉）.Theyfinddirtysurfacesandpaintthemwithimagesormessagesusing

cleaningbrushesorpressurehoses（高壓水管）.Eitherway,it'sthesameprinciple:theimageis

madebycleaningawaythedirt.Eachartisthastheirownindividualstylebutallartistssharea

commonaim:todrawattentiontothepollutioninourcities.

TheUK'sPaulCurtis,betterknownasMoose,operatesaroundLeedsandLondonandhas

beenappointedbyanumberofcompaniestomakereversegraffitiadvertisements.Brazilianartist,

AlexandreOrion,turnedoneofSaoPaulo'stransporttunnelsintoanamazingwallpaintingin

2006bygettingridofthedirt.Madeupofseriesofwhiteskulls（顱骨），thepaintingreminds

driversoftheeffecttheirpollutionishavingontheplanet."Everymotoristsitsinthecomfortof

theircar,buttheydon'tgiveanyconsiderationtothepricetheircomforthasfbrtheenvironment

andconsequentlyfbrthemselves,saysOrion.

Theanti-pollutionmessageofthereversegraffitiartistsconfusescityauthoritiessincethe

mainargumentagainstgraffitiisthatitspoilstheappearanceofbothtypesofproperty:publicand

private.ThiswaswhatLeedsCityCouncilsaidaboutMoose'swork:"Leedsresidentswanttolive

incleanandattractiveneighborhoods.Weviewthiskindofadvertisingasenvironmentaldamage

andwilltakestrongactionagainstit."Moosewasorderedto“cleanuphisact."Howwashe

supposedtodothis:bymakingallpropertyhehadcleaneddirtyagain?

AsfbrtheBrazilianartisfswork,theauthoritieswereannoyedbutcouldfindnothingto

chargehimwith.Theyhadnootheroptionbuttocleanthetunnel-butonlythepartsAlexandre

hadalreadycleaned.Theartistmerelycontinuedhiscampaignontheotherside.Thecityofficials

thendecidedtotakefurtheraction.TheynotonlycleanedthewholetunnelbuteverytunnelinSao

Paulo.

4.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutreversegraffiti?

A.Itusespainttocreateanti-pollutionimages.

B.Itcreatesalotoftroubleforlocalresidents.

C.Itcauseslotsofdistractiontodrivers.

D.Itturnsdirtywallsintoartisticworks.

5.WhatdowelearnaboutBrazilianartistAlexandreOrion?

A.Hewasgoodatpaintingwhiteskulls.

B.Hechosetunnelstodohisgraffitiart.

C.Hesuggestedbanningallpollutingcars.

D.Hewasfondofdoingcreativeartworks.

6.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutLeedsCityCounciPsdecision?

A.Itissimplyabsurd.B.Itiswell-informed.

C.Itisratherunexpected.D.Itisquitesensible.

7.HowdidSaoPaulocityofficialshandleAlexandreOrion'sreversegraffiti?

A.TheymadehimcleanallthetunnelsinSaoPaulo.

B.Theytookfurtheractiontobanallreversegraffiti.

C.Theychargedhimwithpollutingtunnelsinthecity.

D.Theymadeitimpossibleforhimtopracticehisart.

【答案】ABAD

【分析】這是一篇議論文。本文主要討論涂鴉是否犯罪，講述在涂鴉方面藝術(shù)家們和政府之

間的矛盾：藝術(shù)家們?yōu)榱撕粲醐h(huán)保而涂鴉，而政府因為保護(hù)環(huán)境禁止涂鴉。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“todrawattentiontothepollutioninourcities（關(guān)注我們城市的污

染）”及第三段"Theanti-pollutionmessageofthereversegrafhli（反污染意義的涂鴉）''可知，藝術(shù)

家們涂鴉是為了創(chuàng)造反污染的概念。故選A項。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Brazilianartist,AlexandreOrion,turnedoneofSaoPaulo'stransport

tunnelsintoanamazingwallpaintingin2006bygettingridofthedirt.（在2006年，巴西藝術(shù)家

AlexandreOrion把SaoPaulo的交通隧道變成令人驚奇的涂鴉墻，使交通隧道擺脫塵土）“可

知，AlexandreOrion在交通隧道里涂鴉。故選B項。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Weviewthiskindofadvertisingasenvironmentaldamageandwill

takestrongactionagainstit.（我們認(rèn)為這種廣告會破壞環(huán)境，所以要強(qiáng)力反對）”及“Moosewas

orderedto“cleanuphisact.”（Moose被命令“改過自新"）”可知，前文講述藝術(shù)家為了呼吁環(huán)保

而涂鴉，但是當(dāng)局卻認(rèn)為涂鴉是污染環(huán)境的行為，禁止藝術(shù)家涂鴉。再根據(jù)"Howwashe

supposedtodothis:bymakingallpropertyhehadcleaneddirtyagain?（該怎么做呢？要把他所

有干凈的杰作再弄臟嗎？戶可推知，作者提出這樣的問題是為了表達(dá)對當(dāng)局做法的否定。故

選A項。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)笫四段“TheynotonlycleanedthewholetunnelbuteverytunnelinSao

Paulo.（他們不僅要清除這個隧道的涂鴉，還有Sa。Paulo里的每一個隧道）”可推知，圣保羅

市的官員們讓亞歷山大?奧利翁的涂鴉成為不可能。故選D項。

C

Theideaofbillionsofpeoplegoingthroughafewmasksaweekduringthispandemic

definitelyringsalarmbells,butateamofresearchersinMelbournemayhavethesolution.

They'vediscoveredthataddingmillionsofdiscardedfacemaskstoroad-paving（鋪路）

mixtureswouldactuallylowerthecostoftheroad,whilepreventingbillionsofthemfrom

landfills.Justonekilometerofroadwouldneedthreemillionmasks,andthepolypropylene（聚丙

烯）plasticusedtomakesingle-usesurgicalfacemasksalsoincreasedtheflexibilityanddurability

oftheroad.

Thenewmaterialisamixtureofabout2%tornmasks,withrecycledconcreteaggregate

（RCA）—amaterialobtainedfromwasteconcreteandothermineralsfromdestroyedbuildings.

Thisrecycledmaterialwasfoundinthestudytobeidealfortwoofthefourlayersgenerally

requiredtocreateroadways.Pavingakilometeroftwo-wayroadwiththeRCAandthreemillion

facemaskswouldresultinachangeof93tonsofwastefromlandfills.

Thefinalproductthenismoreresistanttowearthanasphalt（瀝青）,aswellasbeingcheaper

too,providedtherewasamethodforcollectingmasks.Theresearchteamdidacost-analysisand

foundthat,at$26perton,theRCAwasabouthalfthecostofminingrawmaterials,andasmuch

asathirdofthecostofshippingtheusedmaskstoalandfill.

Thewidespreadapplicationwouldbeidealforlargeinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）projects.For

example,Washingtonhasthe11thworstroadsintermsofunaddressedrepairsintheU.S.Ifthe

damagedroadsinWashingtonstatewererepairedwiththeRCA/maskmixture,itwouldreuse

nearly10billionmasks,sparingAmericanlandfillshundredsofmillionsoftonsoftrash.

It'ssaidthattheteamislookingforprivateindustrypartnersorgovernmentswillingtogive

theirplasticmaskroadanopportunityforalarge-scaletest.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”meaninparagraph2?

A.Recycled.B.Produced.

C.Mixed.D.Abandoned.

9.Whatisthenewmaterialusedtopavewaysmadeof?

A.2%tornmasks,concreteandtonsoftrash.

B.Polypropyleneplasticandbuildingmaterials.

C.Single-usesurgicalmasksandrecycledconcreteaggregate.

D.Wasteconcreteandothermineralsfromdestroyedbuildings.

10.Whyarenumbersmentionedinparagraph5?

A.Totelluswhattheteamhasfound.

B.Toprovethismaterialiscost-effectiveinpavingroads.

C.Toexplainrepairingroadscostsalotofmaterials.

D.Topraisethehardworktheteamhasdone.

11.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Thematerialusedtopaveroadsismadeofmasks.

B.Generallyspeaking,itrequirestwolayerstocreateroadways.

C.Itremainstobetestedwhetherthesolutionispractical.

D.ThedamagedroadsinWashingtonwererepairedwiththeRCA.

【答案】DCBC

【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了疫情大流行期間每周有大量的口罩被扔掉，墨

爾本的一組研究人員計劃將人們用過的廢棄口罩添加到鋪路的混合材料中去，不過該解決方

案是否可行還有待測試。

8.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)戈線詞所在的句子“They'vediscoveredthataddingmillionsofface

maskstoroad-paving（鋪路）mixtureswouldactuallylowerthecostoftheroad,whilepreventing

billionsofthemfromlandfills.“可知，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，將數(shù)百萬個口罩添加到鋪路混合料中，實際

上可以降低道路成本，同時防止數(shù)十億個口罩被填埋。根據(jù)第一段的“Theideaofbillionsof

peoplegoingthroughafewmasksaweekduringthispandemicdefinitelyringsalarmbells,buta

teamofresearchersinMelbournemayhavethesolution.“可知，疫情大流行期間每周有數(shù)十億

人戴著口罩的想法肯定會敲響警鐘，但墨爾本的一組研究人員可能有解決方案。將上下文結(jié)

合起來可知，解決方案是將人們用過的廢棄口罩添加到鋪路的混合材料中去。由此可知，劃

線單詞意為“被遺棄的"。故選D。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Justonekilometerofroadwouldneedthreemillionmasks,and

thepolypropylene（聚丙烯）plasticusedtomakesingle-usesurgicalfacemasksalsoincreasedthe

flexibilityanddurabilityoftheroad.“可知，僅一公里的道路就需要300萬個口罩，而用于制

造一次性手術(shù)口罩的聚丙烯塑料也提高了道路的柔韌性和耐用性。再根據(jù)第三段的“Thenew

materialisamixtureofabout2%tornmasks,withrecycledconcreteaggregate(RCA)—a

materialobtainedfromwasteconcreteandothermineralsfromdestroyedbuildings.”可知，這種新

材料是約2%破損口罩與再生混凝土骨料(RCA)的混合物，后者是從廢棄混凝土和被毀建

筑物中的其他礦物中獲得的。由此可知，鋪路用的新材料是一次性使用口罩和再生混凝土骨

料組成的。故選C。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的“Forexample,Washingtonhasthe11thworstroadsintennsof

unaddressedrepairsintheU.S.IfthedamagedroadsinWashingtonstatewererepairedwiththe

RCA/maskmixture,itwouldreusenearly1()billionmasks,sparingAmericanlandfillshundreds

ofmillionsoftonsoftrash.”可知，例如，就美國未解決的維修而言，華盛頓的道路是美國第

11糟糕的。如果使用再生混凝土骨料(RCA)和口罩的混合物來修復(fù)華盛頓州受損的道路，

它將重復(fù)使用近100億個口罩,從而使美國的垃圾掩埋場減少數(shù)億噸的垃圾填埋。由此可知，

第5段中提到的數(shù)字是為證明這種材料在鋪路時具有成本效益。故選Bo

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的"It'ssaidthattheteamislookingforprivateindustrypartners

orgovernmentswillingtogivetheirplasticmaskroadanopportunityforalarge-scaletest.“可知，

據(jù)說，該團(tuán)隊正在尋找愿意為其塑料口罩道路提供大規(guī)模測試機(jī)會的私營行業(yè)合作伙伴或政

府。由此可知，該解決方案是否可行還有待測試。故選C。

D

Hardwareingeneral,andsmartphonesinparticular,havebecomeahugeenvironmentaland

healthproblemintheGlobalSouth'slandfillsifes(垃圾填埋場).

Electronicwaste(e-waste)currentlytakesup5percentofallglobalwaste,anditissetto

increaserapidlyasmoreofusownmorethanonesmartphone,laptopandpowerbank.Theyend

upinplaceslikeAgbogbloshieontheoutskirtsofGhana'scapital,Accra.Itisthebiggeste-waste

dumpintheworld,where10,000informalworkerswalkthroughtonsofabandonedgoodsaspart

ofaninformalrecyclingprocess.Theyrisktheirhealthsearchingforthepreciousmetalsthatare

foundinabandonedsmartphones.

ButAgbogbloshielegallyshouldnotexist.TheBaselConvention,a1989treaty,aimsto

preventdevelopednationsfromunauthorizeddumpingofe-wasteinlessdevelopedcountries.The

e-wasteindustry,however,circumventsregulationbyexportinge-wastelabelledas"secondhand

goods“topoorcountrieslikeGhana,knowingfullwellthatitisheadingforalandfillsite.

ArecentreportfoundAgbogbloshiecontainedsomeofthemostdangerouschemicals.Thisis

notsurprising:smartphonescontainchemicalslike(水銀),leadandevenarsenic^).

Reportedly,oneeggfromafree-rangechickeninAgbogbloshiecontainedacertainchemical

whichcancausecanceranddamagetheimmunesystematalevelthat'sabout220timesgreater

thanalimitsetbytheEuropeanFoodSafetyAuthority(EFSA).Mostworryingly,thesepoisonous

chemicalsarefreetopollutethebroadersoilandwatersystem.Thisshouldconcernusall,since

someofGhana'stopexportsarecocoaandnuts.

Somegovernmentshavestartedtotakeresponsibilityfortheirconsumers9waste.For

example,Germanyhasstartedaprojectthatincludesasustainablerecyclingsystemat

Agbogbloshie,alongwithahealthclinicforworkers.However,governmentscannotsolvethe

problemalone,asthereisanalmostlimitlessconsumerdemandforhardware,especiallywhen

govemments,greenpoliciesarefocusedonissueslikeclimatechange.

Onlythemanufacturerscanfixthis.Amoreeconomicallysustainableandpoliticallypossible

solutionisthroughencouraginghardwaremanufacturerstomaketherepair,reuseandrecyclingof

hardwareprofitable,oratleastcost-neutral.

12.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?

A.Electronicwasterequiresmorelandfillsites.

B.Electronicwasteistoocomplextogetfullyrecycled.

C.Electronicproductsneedtobeimprovedimmediately.

D.ElectronicpollutionisaburningquestioninAgbogbloshie.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“circumvents“inParagraph3mean?

A.Relaxes.B.Abolishes.C.Avoids.D.Tightens.

14.Whatshouldbethebiggestconcernaccordingtothetext?

A.TheviolationofEFSA'sstandards.B.Thethreatofpollutedfoodworldwide.

C.ThelackofdiversityinGhana'sexports.D.Thedamagetochicken'simmunesystem.

15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestsolutiontothee-wasteproblem?

A.Lettinggovernmentstakeonthemainresponsibility.

B.Reducingcustomers?demandsforelectronicproducts.

C.Governmentsadjustingtheirgreenpoliciesaboute-waste.

D.Manufacturers?developingasustainablehardwareeconomy.

【答案】DCBD

【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了電子垃圾雖被掩埋在欠發(fā)達(dá)國家，但已成為危害全人

類的公敵，因此政府和制造商都應(yīng)該作出努力來減少電子垃圾污染。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Electronicwaste（e-waste）currentlytakesup5percentofallglobal

waste,anditissettoincreaserapidlyasmoreofusownmorethanonesmartphone,laptopand

powerbank.TheyendupinplaceslikeAgbogbloshieontheoutskirtsofGhana'scapital,Accra.

（目前，電子垃圾占全球垃圾總量的5%,而且隨著越來越多的人擁有不止一臺智能手機(jī)、筆

記本電腦和移動電源，這?比例還將迅速上升。它們最終在加納首都阿克拉郊區(qū)的

Agbogbloshie等地落腳）“可推知，隨著電子垃圾的快速增長，Agbogbloshie地區(qū)的電子污染

是一個嚴(yán)峻的問題。故選D。

13.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的句子“TheBaselConvention,a1989treaty,aimstoprevent

developednationsfromunauthorizeddumpingofe-wasteinlessdevelopedcountries/1989年簽

署的《巴塞爾公約》旨在防止發(fā)達(dá)國家未經(jīng)授權(quán)向欠發(fā)達(dá)國家傾倒電子垃圾）”可知劃線詞所

在的句子意思是發(fā)達(dá)國家打著向發(fā)展中國家出口“二手物品''的幌子將電子垃圾轉(zhuǎn)移到發(fā)展

中國家來避開《巴塞爾公約》的規(guī)定，可推知劃線詞的意思為“避開、躲避A.Relaxes放

松：B.Abolishes.廢除;C.Avoids.避免、躲避：D.Tightens.拉緊。故選C。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Mostworryingly,thesepoisonouschemicalsarefreetopollutethe

broadersoilandwatersystem.Thisshouldconcernusall,sincesomeofGhana'stopexportsare

cocoaandnuts（最令人擔(dān)憂的是，這些有毒的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可以隨意污染更廣闊的土壤和水系統(tǒng)。

這應(yīng)該引起我們所有人的關(guān)注，因為加納的一些主要出口產(chǎn)品是可可和堅果）”可知，加納

大量對外出口可可和堅果，所以全球范圍內(nèi)都會受到被污染食物的威脅。故選B。

15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Onlythemanufacturerscanfixthis.Amoreeconomically

sustainableandpoliticallypossiblesolutionisthroughencouraginghardwaremanufacturersto

maketherepair,reuseandrecyclingofhardwareprofitable,oratleastcost-neutral.（只有制造商

才能解決這個問題。一個經(jīng)濟(jì)上更可持續(xù)、政治上更可行的解決方案是，鼓勵硬件制造商使

硬件的維修、再利用和回收變得有利可圖，或者至少不影響成本）”可知，作者認(rèn)為解決電子

垃圾問題的關(guān)鍵在于硬件生產(chǎn)商，他們應(yīng)該遵守可持續(xù)發(fā)展的原則，生產(chǎn)便于維修、可回收

利用的電子產(chǎn)品。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題:每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

AlfredNobelRestsinPeace

PeoplelikeMartinLutherKingJr.,NelsonMandela,andMotherTeresahavebecome

famousallaroundtheworld.16.TheyareallwinnersoftheNobelPeacePrize.Butnoneof

themwouldhavereceivedtherecognitionitbringshaditnotbeenforoneSwedishman,Alfred

Nobel.

WhenAlfredjoinedtheNobelfamilycompany,ithadbeendevelopingexplosivesformany

years.HisfatherhadstartedthefamilyfortunebyworkingfortheRussianarmytoproduce

landminesandseamines.Butthefamilymadeevenmoremoneybymanufacturingnitroglycerine,

whichwasaverydangerousexplosive.

OnedayAlfredarrivedhometofindhis20-year-oldbrotherEmilhadbeenkilledina

nitroglycerineexplosion.17.Theresultwasdynamite（甘》由炸藥），whichbecameanimmediate

successallovertheworld.

AlfredNobelalwayswanteddynamitetobeusedforpeacefulmeans.Unfortunately,when

theFirstWorldWarended,dynamitehadbeenusedtotakeawaythelivesofthousandsofyoung

men.18.Toseehisinventionbeingusedinthiswaymadehimverysad.

SometimelaterAlfred'solderbrotherLudwigdied.Onenewspaperaccidentallyprinted

Alfred'sobituaryinsteadofhisbrother's.ItdescribedAlfredasamanwhohadbecomerichby

inventingaweaponofmassdestruction.Afterreadingthereviewofhislife.Alfredwashorrified

anddecidedtousethegreatfortunehehadmadetorewardpeoplewhohadbeenworkingto

promotegoodinsociety.19.TheNobelPeacePrizewasawardedtothepersonwhohaddonethe

most,orthebest,worktopromotefriendshipbetweencountries,toabolisharmiesortoholdand

promotepeaceconferences.

In1997theNobelPeacePrizewenttoanAmericancalledJodyWilliamsforhereffortsto

getlandminesbanned.20.Perhapsnow,AlfredNobelwillrestmoreeasilyinhisgrave.

A.Andwhatdotheyhaveincommon?

B.Hence,itwasalargeamountofmoney.

C.Alfredwasdeterminedtoinventasaferexplosive.

D.Hewassogrievedbytheaccidentthatheevendesiredtogiveuphisjob.

E.Ironically,ofcourse,theNobelfamilyfortuneshadbeenbuiltonmines.

F.Alfredhadalwayshatedwarandconsideredittobe'thehorrorofhorrorsandthegreatestofall

crimes'

G.Thefiveawardshecreatedwereforphysics,chemistry,medicine,literatureand,most

significantly,peace.

【答案】ACFGE

【分析】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章介紹諾貝爾獎的創(chuàng)始人AlfredNobel的一生經(jīng)歷。諾貝

爾獎授予了應(yīng)得之人，AlfredNobel在他的墳?zāi)估飼蚕⒌酶卜€(wěn)。

16.根據(jù)下文提示“TheyareallwinnersoftheNobelPeacePrize.（他們都是諾貝爾和平獎的獲

得者）”可知，此處應(yīng)該是詢問其共同點是什么。所以A項Andwhatdotheyhaveincommon?

（它們有什么共同點呢？）切題。故選A。

17.該選項可銜接前文Alfred的哥哥被意外炸死，且根據(jù)后文“Theresultwasdynamite（結(jié)

果是爆炸性的）”可知，此處表述Alfred決心發(fā)明?種更安全的爆炸物。所以C項Alfredwas

determinedtoinventasaferexplosive.（Alfred決定發(fā)明一種更安全的炸藥）切題。故選C。

18.前文寫到一戰(zhàn)結(jié)束的時候他的發(fā)明被用在戰(zhàn)爭中，F(xiàn)選項Alfredhadalwayshatedwarand

consideredittobe*thehorrorofhorrorsandthegreatestofallcrimes,（他一直痛恨戰(zhàn)爭,認(rèn)為

“it”是令人厭惡的事情中最讓人厭惡的事情，是最嚴(yán)重的犯罪）切題。該選項承接一戰(zhàn)的內(nèi)

容。故選F。

19.前文中提到Alfred決定用他賺取的財富去獎勵造福社會的人，G選項Thefiveawardshe

createdwereforphysics,chemistry,medicine,literatureand,mostsignificantly,peace.（他設(shè)立

的五個獎項是物理學(xué)，化學(xué)，醫(yī)學(xué)，文學(xué)獎，還有最重要的，和平獎）切題。該項進(jìn)一步說

明他設(shè)計了什么獎項，并在后文接著寫諾貝爾和平獎頒給什么樣的人。故選G。

20.根據(jù)上文提示“In1997theNobelPeacePrizewenttoanAmericancalledJodyWilliamsfor

hereffortstogetlandminesbanned.（1997年，諾貝爾和平獎授予f美國人喬迪?威廉姆斯（Jody

Williams）,因為她為禁止地雷所做的努力）”可知，1997年的諾貝爾和平獎頒給了一個號召

禁用地雷的人，承接上文，E選項Ironically,ofcourse,theNobelfamilyfortuneshadbeenbuilt

onmines.（當(dāng)然，具有諷刺意味的是，諾貝爾家族的財富是建立在礦山上的。）切題。令人

覺得諷刺的是，諾貝爾家族的財富都是基于地雷。故選E。

第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題:每小題1分,滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

WhenIwasachildofsevenyearsold,myfriends,onaholiday,filledmypocketwith

coins.Iwentatoncetoashopwheretheysoldtoysforchildren.Being21withthe

soundofawhistlethatIhadseenbytheway,inthehandsofanotherboy,Ihandedoverallmy

moneyforone.Ithencamehome,andwentwhistlingalloverthehouse,muchpleasedwith

mywhistle,but22allthefamily.Mybrothersandsistersandcousins,whenItoldofthe

23Ihadmade,saidIhadgivenfourtimesasmuchasthewhistlewasworth.Theyputme

inmindofwhatgoodthingsImighthaveboughtwiththerestofthemoney,andlaughedatme

somuchformybeingstupidthatIcriedwithvexation（煩惱）.Thinkingaboutthemattergave

memore24thanthewhistlegavemepleasure.

25,thiswasafterwardsofusetome,fortheimpressioncontinuedonmymind,so

thatoften,whenIwas26tobuysomethingIdidnotneed,Isaidtomyself,"Don'tgive

toomuchforthewhistle,''andIsavedmymoney.AsIgrewup,cameintotheworld,and___

27theactionsofmen,IthoughtImetwithmany,verymany,who“gavetoomuchforthe

whistle.^^

IfIknewamiser（守財奴）who28everykindofcomfortableliving,allthe

pleasureofdoinggoodtoothers,alltheesteemofhisfellowcitizensandthejoysof

friendship,29gatheringandkeepingwealth—"Poorman,^^saidI,“youpaytoodear

foryourwhistle.^^WhenImetamanofpleasure,whodidnottrytoimprovehismindorhis

fortunebut30devotedhimselftohavingagoodtime,perhapsneglectinghishealth,

"Mistakenman,youareproviding31foryourself,insteadofpleasure;youarepaying

toodearforyourwhistle.,,IfIsawsomeonefondof32whohasfineclothes,

finehouses,finefurniture,fineearrings,allabovehis33andforwhichhehad

runintodebt,andendshiscareerinaprison."Alas,“saidI,"hehaspaiddear,verydear,

forhiswhistIe.^^

34,themiseriesofmankindarelargelyduetotheirputtinga（n）35value

onthings?一togiving"toomuchfortheirwhistle.^^

21.A.facedB.charmedC.sympathizedD.provided

22.A.disturbingB.attractingC.entertainingD.confusing

23.A.troubleB.attemptC.choiceD.bargain

24.A.satisfactionB.reliefC.annoyanceD.stress

25.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Indeed

26.A.temptedB.determinedC.forcedD.persuaded

27.A.tookB.observedC.admiredD.followed

28.A.turnedagainstB.gaveupC.caredaboutD.reliedon

29.A.incaseofB.insteadofC.forthesakeofD.intermsof

30.A.merelyB.similarlyC.strangelyD.positively

31.A.inconvenienceB.burdenC.frustrationD.pain

32.A.appearanceB.wealthC.comfortsD.necessities

33.A.demandB.fortuneC.standardD.value

34.A.AsaresultB.BycontrastC.OnaverageD.Inshort

35.A.unexpectedB.greatC.falseD.true

【答案】BADCCABBCADABDC

【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者由兒時為一只哨子付出高昂的代價聯(lián)系到生活中的幾

類人——由于對事物價值的錯誤認(rèn)識，他們?yōu)椤吧谧印备冻龅拇鷥r太大了。

21.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我被路上看到的一個男孩的哨聲迷住了，我把所有的錢都給

了他換了一個哨子。A.faced面對;B.charmed迷醉，吸引;C.sympathized同情；D.provided

提供。空后說我把所有的錢都給了這個男孩換了一個哨子，這說明我被他的哨聲迷住了，be

charmedwith表示"給迷住”，故選B。

22.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我回到家，吹著哨子在屋子里走來走去，對我的哨聲感

到非常高興，但卻打擾了全家人。A.disturbing打擾；B.attracting吸引；C.entertaining娛樂；

D.confusing使迷惑。我吹著哨子滿屋走，自然是打擾了全家人，故選A。

23.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我告訴我的兄弟姐妹和堂兄弟姐妹們我所做的交易時，他

們說我付出的是哨子價值的四倍。A.trouble麻煩；B.attempt試圖；C.choice選擇；D.bargain

交易。上文說我用兜里所有的錢從那個陌生男孩手里換回了一個哨子，此處指的就是這個交

易，故選D。

24.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一想到這件事，我的煩惱比哨子給我的快樂還多。A.satisfaction

滿意；B.relief減輕；C.annoyance惱火，煩惱：D.stress壓力?？涨罢f他們讓我想起用剩下

的錢可以買什么好東西，還嘲笑我的愚蠢，我氣得哭了，因此此處是說這件事給我?guī)淼臒?/p>

惱，故選C。

25.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，它對我來說是很有用的，因為這種印象一直縈繞在我

的腦海中，所以當(dāng)我想買一些我不需要的東西時，我常常對自己說，“不要為哨子付出太多”，

這樣我就省下了錢。A.Moreover此外；B.Therefore因此；C.However然而；D.Indeed的確。

上文說這件事給我?guī)砹藷?下文又說它對我來說是有用的，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選Co

26.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:同上。A.tempted引誘,迷惑;B.determined決心;C.forced

強(qiáng)迫：D.persuaded勸服。上文說我經(jīng)不住哨聲的誘惑，用兜里所有的錢換回了那個口哨子，

此處說的是這件事給我的教訓(xùn)——當(dāng)我想買一些我不需要的東西時，我提醒自己“不要為哨

子付出太多“，betemptedtodo表示“受誘惑做某事、忍不住做某事”，故