上海市浦東新區(qū)2023年屆高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量抽測(cè)試卷

浦東區(qū)2015學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量測(cè)試高三英語(yǔ)考生留意：120150題必需涂〔選擇題〕或?qū)憽卜沁x擇題〕在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)和姓名。第一卷〔103〕ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Atarestaurant. B.Inapetshop. C.Ataclinic. D.Onaboat.A.Thewoman. B.Thewoman’smother.C.Theman. D.Thechildren.A.Teacherandstudent. B.Doctorandpatient.C.Husbandandwife. D.Bossandsecretary.A.Shewillgotoschoolintheman’scar. B.Shewilljoinhiminhisexerciseclass.C.Shewillgivethemanaride. D.Shewillrideherbicycletotheschool.A.Makeaplancarefully. B.Givehermoreinformation.C.Askmorepeopleforadvice. D.Buyagiftforhisfather.A.Hedidn’ttellthewomanthetruth. B.Hedoesn’tkeephispromises.C.Hespendshissparetimegoingtoparties. D.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.A.Thewomanfeelssorryfortheman. B.Themanisamemberofthestaff.C.Thewomanisaskingthemantoleave. D.Theareaisforpassengersonly.A.Relieved. B.Confused. C.Annoyed. D.Sympathetic.A.Turnthealarmoff. B.Movehisalarmfarther.C.Catchalaterbus. D.Gotobedearlier.A.Thegirl’srequestwillbegranted. B.Thegirlisoutstandingintheclass.C.Thegirlhascompletedthecourse.make-upexam.

D.OnlythegirltooktheSectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Becauseshewasn’tbeingtakenseriously. B. Because she deservedrespectfromothers.C.Becauseshedressedimproperly. D.Becauseshewasnotcapableenough.A.Answeringquestionsreadily. B.Rewardingothersgenerously.C.Respectingothershighly. D.Expressingopinionsfrankly.A.Howtospeakyourmind. B.Wheretostartyourhonesty.C.Whattodotobecomepopular. D.Whomtotalktowhenyouwantto.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews.A.Becauseitcanhelpavoidcropdiseases.Becauseitcanhelpimprovethequalityofcrops.Becauseitmaycontributetotheincreaseinpopulation.Becauseitmayimprovefarmingmethodsinthefuture.A.Climatechange. B.Appearanceofnewcrops.C.Lossofnormalgrowtharea. D.Poormanagementofland.A.Expandingfieldsforlargercropharvests.Fertilizingcropstofightagainstplantdiseases.Raisingpeople’sawarenessoftheneedforcropvariety.Applyingmodernfarmingmethodsinheavily-populatedareas.SectionCDirections:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Nameofcustomer:COMPLAINTFORMSallyLoRoomNo.:17Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.CompletetheNameofcustomer:COMPLAINTFORMSallyLoRoomNo.:17Complaintabout:(Pleaseticktherightboxes)Detailsofcomplaint:

servicefood18 areaserviceslowwaiters 19carpet 20 andsmellyWhatisthearticleinthenewspaper21maybeallowedduringtheHowcanpeoplenowcommunicatewithBythosenotonboard?Whatisthearticleinthenewspaper21maybeallowedduringtheHowcanpeoplenowcommunicatewithBythosenotonboard?24.about?flight.Whydoesthemanhatetheidea?Becauseheenjoysthe22.Accordingtotheman,whenarepeoplelikelytocomeupwithnewideas?When23theyare.alonewithoutGrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagesthatbestfitseachblank.coherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherthatbestfitseachblank.〔A〕Adentist’sofficemaynotbeeveryone’sideaofaperfectholidaydestination.Butagrowingnumberofpeoplearetravelingabroadformedicaltreatment,(25) (create)afast-growingmarketthatisstilllargelyundevelopedbytraditionaltouroperators.Theglobalmedicaltourismmarketisworth$40billionto$60billionand(26) (grow)atabout20percentperyeaccordingtoHelmutWachowiak,anontourismmanagement.SomecountriessuchasGermanymarketthemselvesasadestinationformedicaltourism.AccordingtotheGermanNationalTouristBoard,about77,000foreignpatients (treat)inthecountryin2010,spending930millioneuros. HospitalOperatorHelioscandoistohelporganizevisas,hotelsandsight-seeingtripsforpatientscomingtoGermanyfortreatment,mostlyfromRussian-speakingcountriesandtheMiddleEast.?Manypatientsspecificallychooseacity(29) theycanenjoywhattheplacehastoofferalongsidethetreatment,?HeliosmanagerStefanBoecklesaid.Somepeopletravelabroadformedicaltreatmentbecauseit’smuch(30) (cheap).A42-year-oldphysicaltherapistfromBerlin,forexample,chosetogotoadentistinBudapest,(31) (draw)byhundredsofeurosinsavingscomparedwiththesametreatmentinGermany.Therelativelynewtrendisnotlikelytostopgrowinganytimesoon.Ithinkbookingnumbers(32) risequicklyincomingyears,saidClaudiaStaedele,aboardmemberofGermanmedicaltourismcompanyDr.Holiday. Thereisstillincredibleroomtogrow.Rememberthatdollyouhadasa

(B)theonewhoseeyesopenwhenitisuprightandclosewhenit’slaiddown?OrmaybeyouwerethekidthatwentaroundpoppinglimbsoffBarbiesandteddybears.Eitherway,itturnsoutthatthesebrokentoysneednotworry,(33) Sydney’sOriginalDollHospitalexists.Andthisyear,itcelebrates100yearsof(34) (fix)updolls,teddybears,rockinghorses,umbrellasandmore.ThedollhospitalwasfoundedbyHaroldChapmanSr.(35) partofhisgeneralstore,thankstoashippingerror.Hisbrotherwasinthebusinessofimportingcelluloid(合成樹脂)dollsfromJapanbuttherubberbands(36) heldthemtogetherwouldoftenbreakandthedollswouldbedestroyed.ItwasMr.ChapmanSr.(37) cameupwithawaytorepairthem.Andthenfromsuchasmallbeginninggrewquiteasuccessfulbusinessasdemandfordollrepairsincreased.Thebusinesswastakenoverin(38) 1930sbyHarold’sson,HaroldChapmanJr.(39) (expand)thebusiness,HaroldChapmanJr.relocatedtheDollHospitalandincludedrepairstoothertoys,leathergoods,umbrellas,etc.NowthehospitalhasbeenpassedontothethirdgenerationoftheChapmanfamily,withHaroldJr.’sson,Geoff,nowincharge.(40) manymodernchildrenaremoreinterestedinthelatestgadgets(小玩意)orcomputergames,thebusinessisstillgoingstrong,withdollssentfromalloverAustraliaandevenacrosstheseafromNewZealandforrepair.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.riskyB.C.adaptationD.geneticE.solutionrestrictedF.G.ruinedH.I.occurJ.qualifyK.completelypartiallyinconvenienceSEATTLE—Forthemorethan10millionAmericanswithcolorblindness,there’sneverbeenatreatment,letaloneacure,fortheconditionthatleavesthemunabletodistinguishcertaincolors.Now,forthefirsttime,twoUniversityofWashingtonprofessorshaveteamedwithaCaliforniabiotechfirmtodevelopwhattheysaymaybea 41 :asingleshotintheeyethatcanrevealtheworldinfullcolor.JayandMaureenNeitz,whohavestudiedthevisiondisorderforyears,havefoundanewwaytodelivergenesthatcanreplacemissingcolor-producingproteinsincertaincells,calledcones,intheeyes.Thetroublewill 42 whenpeoplearebornwithoutoneormoreofthethreetypesofcolor-sensingproteinsnormallypresentintheconesoftheretina〔視網(wǎng)膜〕.Themostcommontypeisred-greencolorblindness,followedbyblue-yellowcolorblindness.Averysmallproportionofthepopulationis 43 colorblind,seeingonlyshadesofgray.Colorblindnessisoftena/an 44 disorder.Itaffectsmostlymen,whocaninheritamutationontheXchromosome〔染色體〕thatweakenstheirperceptionofredandgreen.Amuchsmallerpartofcasesareinwomen,whohavetwoXchromosomes,whichgivesthemabetterchanceofavoidingeffectsofanygeneticimperfection.Mostpeoplethinkofcolorblindnessasa/an 45 ordisability,mainlycausingproblemswithunmatchedshirtsandsocks.ButtheNeitzessaytheconditioncanhaveprofoundimpacts—limitingchoicesforeducationorcareers,makingdrivingdangerous,andforcingcontinual 46 toaworlddesignedforcolorvision.?Thereareanawfullotofpeoplewhofeelliketheirlifeis 47 becausetheydon’tseecolor,?saidJayNeitz,61,aprofessor,whoconfirmedin1989thatdogsarecolorblind,too.Peoplemaynot 48 ascommercialpilots,forinstance,ifthey’recolorblind.Othercareersthatcanbe 49 includethoseofchefs,decorators,electriciansandhousepainters,allofwhichrequiredetailedcolorvision.Undoubtedly,theNeitzes’findingshavebroughtgreatbenefitstothosewhoarebornunabletodistinguishbetweenredandgreen.Butthattechniqueis50,requiringsurgery,sotheNeitzesarelookingforanotherwaytodothejob.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Manyofushavefoundourselvestryingtoexplaintofriendsandcolleagues,?No,businesstravelisn’tasfunandfascinatingasitseems.?Finally,therecouldbe51tobackthisup.ResearchersattheUniversityofSurrey,inBritain,andLinnaeusUniversity,inSweden,havepublishedanewstudyhighlightingwhattheycall?a52sideofhypermobility(常飛行)?.Thestudy,whichcombinesexistingresearchonthe 53 offrequenttravel,findsthreetypesofconsequence:physiological,psychologicalandemotional,andsocial.Thephysiologicalonesarethemostobvious.Jetlagisthesufferingtravellersknowbest,althoughtheymaynot 54 someofitsmoreterriblepotentialeffects,likespeedingageingorincreasingtheriskofheartattackandstroke.Thenthere’sthedangerofdeep-veinthrombosis(深靜脈血栓), 55 togermsandradiation.Andfinally,ofcourse,businesstravellerstendtogetlessexerciseandeatlesshealthilythanpeoplewhostayinplace.Thepsychologicalandemotionaldamageofbusinesstravelismoreabstract,butjustasreal.Frequentflyersexperience traveldisorientation from 56 placesandtimezonessooften.Theyalso 57 mountingstress,giventhat timespenttravellingwillrarelybebalancedthroughareducedworkload,andthattheremaybeanxieties 58 withworkcontinuingtopileupwhilebeingaway. 59 theabsencefromfamilyandfriends, hypermobilityisfrequentlya/an 60 experience, theauthorswrite.Theaccumulatedimpactcanbeastonishingandgreat.Finally,therearethe 61 effects.Marriagessufferfromthetimeapart,asdoeschildren’sbehaviour.Whatismore,relationshipstendtobecomemore 62 ,asthepartnerwhostaysathomeisforcedtotakeonmore 63 duties.Theesagenderinequalityhere,sincemostbusinesstravellersaremen.Friendshipsalsosuffer,asbusinesstravellersoften sacrificelocalcollectiveactivitiesandinstead 64 theirimmediatefamilieswhenreturningfromtrips.Ofcourse,theseimpactsaremoderatedbythefactthattheyfalldisproportionatelyonasmallpartofthepopulationthatisalreadydoingratherwell.The mobileelite(精英) tendtohavehigherincomesand 65 tobetterhealthcarethanthepopulationatlarge.Sothesemaybeproblemsofthe1%(orthe3%,orthe5%).Butthey’rerealenoughregardless.Byallmeansfeeljealousofacquaintances”Instagramphotosofexoticmealsandfarawayattractions.Butharbourasmallamountofconcernaswell.51.A.travelB.proofC.damageD.consequence52.A.brighterB.wiserC.darkerD.lazier53.A.effectsB.benefitsC.limitsD.costs54.A.imposeB.foreseeC.declareD.memorize55.A.connectionB.adaptationC.exposureD.familiarity56.A.changingB.leavingC.takingD.pursuing57.A.handleB.relieveC.suffer D.lay58.A.infectedB.associatedC.greetedD.packed59.A.DuetoB.AccordingtoC.RegardlessofD.Incaseof60.A.surprisingB.relaxingC.fulfillingD.isolating61.A.culturalB.consciousC.socialD.negative62.A.unequalB.invisibleC.pleasantD.permanent63.A.personalB.relatedC.professionalD.domestic64.A.prioritizeB.mobilizeC.seekD.support65.A.devotionB.objectionC.responseD.accessSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)InaclassthispastDecember,afterIwrotesomedirectionsontheboardforstudentsabouttheirfinalexamination,oneyoungwomanquicklytookapictureoftheboardusinghersmartphone.WhenIlookedinherdirection,sheapologized,Sorry.Wasitwrongtotakeapicture?Ican’treadmyownhandwriting,theyoungwomanexplained.It’sbestifItakeapictureofyourwritingsoIcanunderstandthenotes.Thatremarkstartedaclass-wideconversationabouttakingapictureinsteadoftakingnotes.Forthoseinthephoto-takingcamp,motivationsextendedbeyondtheirinabilitytocomprehendtheirownhandwriting.Sometookpicturesofnotesbecausetheyknewtheirphonewasasafeplacetostorematerial.Theymightlosepaper,theyreasoned,buttheywouldn’tlosetheirphones.SometookphotosbecausetheywantedtorecordexactlythemannerinwhichIhadnotedinformationontheboard.Otherstoldmethatduringclasstheylikedtobeabletolistentothediscussionattentively.Yettheuseofcamerasasnotetakers,thoughitmaybeconvenient,doesraisesignificantquestionsfortheclassroom.Isapictureaneffectivereplacementfortheprocessofnote-taking?Instructorsencouragestudentstotakenotesbecausetheactofdoingsoismorethanmerelyrecordingnecessaryinformation—ithelpspreparethewayforunderstanding.Encouragingstudentstotakenotesmaybeanold-fashionedinstructionalmethod,butjustbecauseamethodhasalonghistorydoesn’tmeanit’soutofdate.Writingthingsdownengagesastudetsbraininlistening,visual,andkinesthetic(觸覺的)learning—aviewsupportedbyalongstandingresearch.Theactofwritingdowninformationenablesapersontobegincommittingittomemory,andtoprocessandcombineit,establishingthebuildingblocksoflearningnewconcepts.Takingapicturedoesindeedrecordtheinformation,butitdeletessomeofthenecessarymentalengagementthattakingnotesemploys.Socanthetwobeequallyeffective?Thewomanapologizedintheclassbecauseshe .hadthebadhandwriting B.missedtheteachers’directionsC.tookapictureoftheboard D.disturbedotherstudents’learningAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayNOTexplainstudents’reluctancetotakenotes?Theylackpropertechniquesfortakingnotes.Theywanttolistenmoreattentivelyinclass.Theybelievesmartphonesaremuchsaferforstoringnotes.Theywanttohavetheexactversionofthenotesontheboard.Accordingtothepassage,takingnotesbyhand .requiresstudentstothinkindependentlyhelpsstudentsactivelyparticipateinlearningprovestobeanoldanduselesslearningmethodseemsunsuitableforstudentstolearnnewideasWhatisthemainideaofthispassage?Thetraditionalwayofnote-takingshouldbereplaced.Amodernwayofnote-takingiscatchingon.Note-takingbyhandisnotoutofdate.Apictureisworthathousandwords.(B)TravellingBrochureTravellingInformationinMelbourne,AustraliaTourName:PhillipIsland,Penguins,KoalasandKangaroosPrice:StartingfromAUD$115perpersonTourHighlightsVisitWarrook,aworkingcattlefarm.Enjoytheopportunitytopatandfeedkangaroos,wallabiesandhostoffarmanimals.WatchkoalasintheirnaturalhabitatattheKoalaConservationCentre.ViewimpressivecoastalsceneryatNobbies.Fromthewalkway,seeAustralia’slargestpopulationoffursealslivingalongthesoutherncoastline.VisittheeducationalandinterestingPhillipIslandVisitorsInformationCentre.ViewingPlatformPenguinPlus—Morepersonalizedwildlifeviewinglimitedto130peopleprovidingcloserviewingofthepenguinarrivalthanthemainviewingstand.AdditionalinfoThistourmustbebookedatleast24hoursinadvanceofyourtraveldate.Confirmationforthisproductwillbereceivedwithin24hours,subjecttoavailability.Pleaseremembertobringwarm,waterproofclothingonthistour.YoumayalsowishtobringatowelorarugtositonatthePenguinParadeviewingplatform.PricingPolicyChildrenagedbetween3and14yearsinclusivequalifyforchildrate.PhillipIsland,Penguins,KoalasandKangaroosPerpersonSeasonAug1,2012toMar31,2013TourCodeTouronlyPhillipIsland,Penguins,KoalasandKangaroosPerpersonSeasonAug1,2012toMar31,2013TourCodeTouronlyTourincludingViewingPlatformPenguinPlusDaysofWeekMon…SunMon…SunAdult$115.00$140.00Child$58.00$83.00TravelVoucher(憑據(jù))PleasedownloadTravelVoucherfromthiswebsite.Foreveryconfirmedbookingyouwillberequiredtoprintavoucherwhichispresentedatthedestination.Youwillreceivealinktoyourvoucherbyemailonceyourbookingisconfirmed.ThevisitorswillgotoallthefollowingplacesEXCEPT .WarrookCattlefarm. B.AustralianEasterncoastline.C.KoalaConservationCentre. D.PhillipIslandVisitorsInformationCentre.Whichofthefollowinggroupsneedstopay$58perperson?Adulttourists. B.2-year-oldkids.C.Kidsbetween3and14. D.Babiesinarms.Touristsareremindedtobringatowelorarugbecause .theywilllieonthecoast B.theymaywanttositontheplatformC.itmakesthemwarm D.theywillswimduringthetour(C)ThefamilydoesnotfeatureheavilyinthecultureoftheIkofNorthernUganda.Infact,asfarastheIkareconcerned,thefamilymeansverylittle.ThisisbecausetheIkfaceadailystruggletosurviveinthefaceofdrought,famineandstarvation.AnyonewhocannottakecareofhimselforherselfisregardedasauselessburdenbytheIkandathreattothesurvivaloftheothers.Sotheoldareabandonedtodie.Sickanddisabledchildrentooareabandoned.TheIkattitudeisthat,aslongasyoukeepthebreedinggroupalive,youcanalwaysgetmorechildren.Ikmothersthrowtheirchildrenoutofthevillagecompoundwhentheyare3yearsold,todefendforthemselves.Iimaginechildrenmustberatherrelievedtobethrownout,forintheprocessofbeingcaredfor,heorsheisreluctantlycarriedaboutinahideslinwhereverthemothergoes.Wheneverthemotherisinherfield,sheloosenstheslingandletsthebabytothegroundnonetooslowly,andlaughsifitishurt.Thenshegoesaboutherbusiness,leavingthechildthere,almosthopingthatsomefierceanimalswillcomealongandcarryitoff.Thissometimeshappens.Suchbehaviourdoesnotendearchildrentotheirparentsorparentstotheirchildren.ManyofyouprobablyreactedtotheIkwithsomehorrorandshock.Itisverytemptingtoconcludethatthesepeopleareprimitive,savageandinhuman,andthattheirconceptofthe‘family’isdeeplywrong.However,sociologistsarguethatitiswrongtosimplyjudgesuchsocietiesandtheirfamilyarrangementsasunnaturalanduntypical.Weneedtounderstandthatsucharrangementsmayhavepositivefunctions.InthecaseoftheIk,withtheexceptionalcircumstancestheyfindthemselvesin—droughtandfamine—theirfamilyarrangementshelpensurethesurvivalofthetribe.Moreover,someofyoumayhaveconcludedthatBritishfamilylifeandtheIkhavesomethingsincommon.Britishfamilyisnotuniversallyexperiencedaspositiveforallfamilymembers.Forsomemembersofourownsociety—foryoungandoldalike—familylifemaybecharacterizedbyviolence,abuseandisolation.Theproblemwithstudyingthefamilyisthatweallthinkweareexperts.Thisisnotsurprising,consideringthatmostofusareborninfamiliesandsocializedintofamilyrolesandresponsibilities.Itisaninstitutionmostofusfeelverycomfortablewithandregardas‘natural’.Formanyofus,itisacornerstoneofoursocialworld,aplacetowhichwecanretreatandtakerefugefromthestressesoftheoutsideworld.Itistheplaceinwhichwearelovedforwhoweare,ratherthanwhatweare.Familylivingandfamilyeventsareprobablythemostimportantaspectsofourlives.Itisnowonderthatwetendtoholdveryfierce,emotional,andperhapsirrational,viewsaboutfamilylifeandhowitoughttobeorganized.Such‘takenforgranted’viewsmakeitverydifficultforustoobjectivelyexaminefamilyarrangementsthatdifferfromourownexperience—suchasthoseoftheIk—withoutmakingcriticaljudgements.WhichofthefollowingideasdotheIkholdaccordingtothepassage?Thefamilyisthecentreoftheirlife.Theoldaretheluxuriestheyshouldtreasure.Theirchildrenshouldbeabandonedwhenborn.Thesurvivalofthetribeiswhattheyshouldstrivefor.WhichofthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagreewithinthecaseofIk?Thechildrenareagreatburdentotheirfamily.Mothersprefertocarrytheirchildrenhereandthere.Thechildrenenjoywarmrelationshipwiththeirparents.Manychildrenshouldbeleftatthemercyoffierceanimalsinthefield.Accordingtotheauthor,bothBritishfamilylifeandthatoftheIk .containnegativeelements B.ensurelongevityC.experienceupsanddowns D.endearfamilymembersAllofthefollowingstatementssupport?familyisthecornerstone?EXCEPTthat .weturntofamilyasourharbourinheartwefindweloveandarelovedinthefamilywebelievefamilyisthetoppriorityinourlifewepourourbadmooduponourfamilymembersTheauthorwritesthispassagetotellus .familylifehasvariouspositivefunctionstheideaoffamilyisuniversallyacceptedthefamilyisevolvingwiththetimeatahighspeedweshouldexaminetheconceptoffamilyobjectivelySectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Thecarmakerisinthepioneerofamaterialsrevolution,whichispoweredbyagrowingunderstandingofthepropertiesofsubstancesatthesmallestscale.Inroughlyfiveyearsfromnow,scientistswillhavesetoutwhatsomecallthe?materialsgenome?—adatabasewiththepropertiesofallknownandpredictedcompounds.Insteadofsearchingformaterialsthathavetherightqualitiesforajob—aquest(探究)thathasusuallydependedmostlyontrialanderror—researcherswillfirstdefinewhattheywant,andtheircomputerswillthendevelopalistofmaterialsthatseemtofitthebill.Thenewsciencewillimprovetoday’smaterials,too,leadingtostrongersteels,kindsofalloyandhybridmaterialsthatmaybepartmetal,partplastic.Onthefarhorizonarebiggerbreakthroughsstill:batteriesthatwoulddoubletherangeofelectriccarsorstoresolarandwindpower,transformingtheeconomicsofrenewableenergy.Aswellasrevolutionisingproducts,thesenewmaterialscouldalsorevolutionisehowtheyaremade.Therewillalwaysberoomforthemassproductionofsomelow-value,commodityitems.Butasarule,whenmaterialsaredifferent,manufacturingprocesseswillbedifferent,too.BMW’scarbonfibreismadetoitsownspecificationsinaseriesofnewjointventuresacrosstheworld.However,someoftheproductscouldbedomesticallymadeintheirnewfactories.Airbus,Boeing,GEandagrowingnumberofotherfirmsarealready3D-printingsomepartswheretheyneedthem.Nike’sFlyknittrainersaremadewithknittingmachinesthatuseaspecialmicro-engineeredthread.Asaresult,thefirmnolongerneedstosendthejoblikesewingtofactoriesoverseas.Theworldhasgotusedtotheideathatthemostimportantinnovationisvirtual.ThetechnologyrepresentativesofSiliconVallysuchasGoogleandFaceboo—havebuilttheirbusinessesonintangibles(無形的),suchassoftware,dataandnewbusinessmodels.Bycontrast,theworldofnewmaterialsmarriesthevirtualandthephysical.It,too,dependsoncode,becauseresearchersneedpowerfulcomputer-designsystemstomodelmaterialsandmakethemintonewdesigns.Buteventuallytheaimistoturnvirtualideasintomatter.Someadvancesareoverlooked.Theseonesarematerial.(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANNINEWORDS.)Whatisthedrivingforceofthematerialsrevolutionaccordingtothefirstparagraph?Newmaterialswillrevolutionisenotonlyproductsbutalso .Insteadofcontractingoverseas,Nikeisableto withitsspecialknittingmachinesandmaterialsavailable. IncontrasttoInternetcompanieswhichbuildbusinessonintangibles,newmaterialscompaniesaimat .第II卷〔47〕TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.我認(rèn)為在做出最終打算前，我們有必要和父母爭(zhēng)論一下這個(gè)問題。(it)1.你養(yǎng)成每天聽英語(yǔ)聞的習(xí)慣了嗎？(develop)2.我認(rèn)為在做出最終打算前，我們有必要和父母爭(zhēng)論一下這個(gè)問題。(it)由于對(duì)該公司開發(fā)的軟件一無所知，他最終未能通過面試〔ignorant〕照片的展出格外成功，一個(gè)月后約翰就辭職做了專職攝影師,實(shí)現(xiàn)了他的夢(mèng)想。(So...)與往屆會(huì)議不同的是，本次會(huì)議各國(guó)并無明顯分歧，的協(xié)議有望達(dá)成〔expect〕GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120—150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.請(qǐng)以?Misunderstanding?為主題寫一篇短文，內(nèi)容包括：簡(jiǎn)要描述右圖內(nèi)容結(jié)合生活談?wù)勀愕母邢脘浺粑淖諭.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.W:MayImakearecommendation,Sir?Ourseafoodwiththisspecialsauceisverygood.M:Thankyou,butmydoctorsuggestedthatIshouldn’teatanyseafoodrecently.Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?W:Wecaneithertakeourchildrenwithustothecinemaortomymother’shouse.M:Well,I’llleaveituptoyou.Q:Whowillmakethefinaldecision?M:Howareyougettingonwiththeschedules?W:I’vealmostfinishedthem,Mr.White.Ijusthaveoneortwomorenotestotype.Haveyouanythingelseformetodo?Q:What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?M:Iwilldrivetotheschooltoday;doyouwanttogowithme?W:Thanks,butyoumaycyclewithme.Ibelieveexercisewilldoyougood.Q:Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?M:Myfather’sbirthdayisroundthecornerandI’mlookingforagiftforhim.Anysuggestions?W:Well,youhavetotellmesomethingaboutyourfather.Also,howmuchdoyouplantospend?Q:Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?W:Johnsaidhewouldcometohelpwiththepreparationforthepartywhenhehadtime.M:Heoftensaysheiswillingtohelp,butheneverturnsup.Q:WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutJohn?W:Excuseme,sir.Youarenotsupposedtobehere.Thisareaisreservedforairportstaffonly.M:I’msorry.Ididn’tnoticethesign.Q:Wh