Unit+4+Scientists+who+changed+the+world+單元復(fù)習(xí)課件【知識精講精研】 高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)牛津譯林版（2020）必修第三冊

新牛津譯林版高中英語必修三Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld單元復(fù)習(xí)課件基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)(1)致命的；十足的adj. ________(2)試用；審訊n. ________(3)有限的adj. ________(4)足夠的，充足的adj. ________(5)組織；指揮v. ________(6)說明；加插圖于vt. ________deadlyTask1單詞過關(guān)trial limitedsufficientconduct

illustrate(7)圍繞；包圍vt. ________ (8)有才智的，聰明的adj. ________(9)包含；牽涉vt. ________ (10)取消；否認(rèn)vt. ________(11)權(quán)威；官方n. ________ (12)無知n. ________(13)宣稱；宣布vt. ________

surround

intelligentinvolve

negateauthority

ignorancedeclare(14)國籍；民族n. ________(15)責(zé)任n. ________ (16)結(jié)婚，婚姻n. ________(1)查閱；談及 __________

(2)（使）加速 __________(3)成功，奏效，達(dá)到目的 __________Task2短語過關(guān)marriageresponsibilitynationalitypayoffspeedupreferto(4)反復(fù)實驗 _____________(5)偶然，意外地 _____________

(6)很成功；引人注目 _____________(7)使某人失望 _____________

(8)關(guān)于 _____________(9)提出，提議 _____________

(10)存活的幾率 _____________chanceofsurvivalputforwardastoletsbdownwithabangbyaccidentthroughtrialanderror (11)證明非常有用 _____________

(12)治……的良藥 _____________(13)……的秘訣 _____________(14)受……啟發(fā) _____________(15)成功做某事 _____________

(16)確保它的安全 _____________(17)因……被授予…… _____________

beawardedsthfor...ensureitssafety succeedindoinginspiredby arecipeforacureforproveveryuseful(18)上交…… _____________(19)即將發(fā)生 _____________

(20)體驗 _____________(21)使……至于危險的境地 _____________

(22)歸功于 _____________(22)滿意的結(jié)果 _____________

(24)完全不,遠(yuǎn)非 _____________farfrompromisingresult tothecreditofsth. putsth.atriskgetatasteof comeuphandinsth.Task3詞性詞形變換(1)_________(vi.＆vt.)想要，計劃；意指→_________(n.)意圖→_________(adj.)故意的，有意的(2)___________(n.)實驗/(vi.)做實驗→____________(adj.)試驗性的intendintentionintendedexperimentexperimental(3)_________(n.)容器；集裝箱；貨柜→_________(vt.)包含；控制(4)_________(n.)智慧，知識，學(xué)問→_________(adj.)明智的；聰明的→_________(adv.)聰明地(5)_________(vt.)說明；解釋；加插圖→____________(n.)說明；插圖；→__________(adj.)有插圖的illustratedillustrationillustratewiselywisewisdomcontaincontainer(6)_________(adj.)有限的→_________(vt.)限制/(n.)限度→_________(adj.)無限制的(7)_____________(n.)責(zé)任；負(fù)責(zé)→__________(adj.)負(fù)責(zé)的→_____________(adj.)不負(fù)責(zé)的(8)_________(vt.)宣布；公布→___________(n.)宣告；公告(9)_________(vt.)圍繞；環(huán)繞→_____________(adj.)周圍的；附近的→_____________(n.)環(huán)境limitedunlimitedlimitresponsibilityresponsibleirresponsibledeclarationsurroundsurroundingdeclaresurroundings(10)___________(vt.)較喜歡；偏袒；有助于/(n.)幫助;贊同；偏袒→___________(adj.)贊同的；有利的→___________(adj.)特別受喜愛的(11)___________(n.)無知→___________(vt.)忽視；不理睬→___________(adj.)無知的；(12)_________(vi.＆vt.)允許；準(zhǔn)許/(n.)準(zhǔn)可證→___________(n.)允許，許可favouriteignoranceignoreignorantpermitpermissionfavourablefavour(13)___________(adj.)有才智的→___________(n.)智力；情報工作；(14)___________(adj.)致命的;十足的,徹底的→___________(n.)死者/(adj.)死的；麻木的；無活力的/(adv.)完全地；絕對地→___________(n.)死亡;死亡狀態(tài);滅亡intelligentintelligencedeadlydeaddeath(15)___________(n.)政治家,從政者;投機鉆營者→___________(adj.)政治的;政黨的→___________(n.)政治;政治信仰,政見;政治學(xué)(16)___________(n.)神秘;神秘的人(或事物);懸疑作品→___________(adj.)神秘的;難以理解的→____________(adv.)神秘地,難以理解地(17)___________(n.)進化;演變,發(fā)展→___________(vi.＆vt.)逐步發(fā)展;進化politicianpoliticalpoliticsmysterymysteriousmysteriouslyevolutionevolve課本回顧PassageOneBecauseofhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria,TuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople'sRepublicofChina1._________(receive)aNobelPrize.Task1Fillintheblanks.toreceiveBornin1930inNingbo,ZhejiangProvince,Tu2._________(study)medicineatuniversityinBeijingandacquiredabroadknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine.In1969Tubecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureformalaria.3._________(inspire)byanover1,600-year-oldtextaboutpreparingqinghaowithcoldwater,shesucceededinmakingqinghaoextractthatcouldtreatstudiedInspiredmalaria.4._________,thetrialsonpatientswerelikelyto5.___________(postpone)becausetheydidnothavesufficientsafetydata.Tospeed6._________theprocessandensureitssafety,Tuandherteamvolunteeredtotestqinghaoextractonthemselvesfirst.

HoweverbepostponedupTheeffortsofTuandherteamfinallypaid7._________.InNovember1972,they8._________(success)discoveredqinghaosu,9._________isnowakeypartofmanymalariamedicines.TuencouragedscientiststofurtherexplorethetreasurehouseoftraditionalChinesemedicine10._________raiseittoahigherlevel.offsuccessfullywhichandPassageTwoWhenIwasyounger,Ithoughtsciencewouldmakegoodthings1._________everybody.However,itrepresentsthe2._________(destruct)ofpeopleanditputsourfutureatriskinasense.Whatisthevalueofscience?fordestructionThefirstvalueisthat3._______(science)knowledgeenablesustodoandmakeallkindsofthings.Scientificknowledgeis4._________enablingpowertodoeithergoodorbad-butitdoesnotcarryinstructionson5._________toapplyit.Suchpower6._________(have)obviousvalue.Anothervalueistheintellectualenjoyment.Thankstothescientificeffort,scientificanhowhas wehavebeenledtoimagineall7._________(sort)ofthingsmorefantasticthanpoetsanddreamersofthepastevercould.Let'sturntoathirdvalue.Thescientisthasalotofexperiencewith8._________(ignore)anddoubtanduncertainty,andthisexperienceisofgreatimportance.Scientiststake9._________forgrantedthatitisperfectlypossibletoliveandnotknow.sortsignoranceit 10._________(know)thegreatprogressthatisthefruitoffreedomofthought,scientistshaveresponsibilitytodeclarethevalueofthisfreedom.Knowing1.

survivaln.生存；存活；殘存物，幸存事物Thankstoherdiscoveryofqinhaosu,malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.(P44)survivorn.幸存者，生還者survivev.活下來，幸存survivefrom+時間從……存留下來survive

onsth.(=liveonsth.)依靠……生活survivesth.幸免于……，從……中艱難度過重點講解2.

intendvt.&vi.想要，計劃；意指

Inthe1960s,manypeopleweredyingofmalaria,andin1969Tubecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureforthedisease.(P44)intendtodo/doingsth.

打算做某事intendsb.todosth.

打算讓某人做某事beintendedforsb./sth.

是為某人/某物而設(shè)計的intendthat…

打算……intentionn.意圖,目的;打算havenointentionofdoingsth.無意做某事;不打算做某事3.

limitedadj.

有限的However,itwashardtoproduceenoughqinhaoextractforlargetrialsbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.(P45)1)limitvt.限定,限制

n.限制,限度limit...to...

把……限制在……范圍內(nèi)belimitedto...局限于……atime/speed/agelimit時間/速度/年齡限制withinlimits在某種程度上;有一定限制setalimiton

對……加以限制beyondthelimit超過限度2)limitationn.限制；控制4.

benefitn.

好處，益處，利益v.有助于，有益于，受益beneficialadj.有益的，有用的Asakeypartofmanymalariamedicines,qinghaosuhassincebenefitedabout200millionmalariapatients.Perhapsthenextgenerationofscientists,drawingonthewisdomoftraditionalChinesemedicine,willindeeddiscovermoremedicinesbeneficialtoglobalhealthcare.(P45)beofbenefitto

對……有好處forthebenefitofsb.=forsb.’sbenefit

為幫助某人，為了某人的利益benefitsb./sth.使……受益benefitfrom/by受益于，從……中得到好處beofgreatbenefit=beverybeneficialto…對……有益(to為介詞)5.

surroundvt.圍繞；環(huán)繞；包圍；與……緊密相關(guān)Heobservedthatthebacteriasurroundingthemouldweredead.(P48)surround…by/with…用……包圍……besurroundedby/with被……包圍surroundoneselfwithsb./sth.和某人/某事物在一起surroundingadj.

周圍的,附近的surroundedadj.被包圍的surroundingsn.

環(huán)境；周圍的事物6.

favourvt.較喜歡；偏袒；有助于n.幫助，好事；贊同；偏袒Fortunefavoursthepreparedmind.(P48)1)infavourof同意；支持，贊同inone’sfavour有利于某人；對……有利2)asksb.afavour=askafavourofsb.請某人幫忙

dosb.afavour=givesb.ahand幫某人忙owesb.afavour欠某人一個人情

favouriteadj.最喜愛的

n.最喜愛的人或物favourableadj.贊成的；有力的7.

chargevi.&vt.充電；收費；控告；譴責(zé)；使……承擔(dān)責(zé)任；使充滿

n.

收費；控告；譴責(zé)；掌管

Whenathunderstormapproached,thelightningwouldchargethekey.

(P49)1)inchargeof控制/管理……inthechargeof由……負(fù)責(zé)；受……的管理takechargeof掌管，負(fù)責(zé)2)freeofcharge免費3)chargesb.forsth.為某物向某人收取費用chargesb.with(doing)sth.控告某人(做)某事8.involvev.包含，需要Ihadtoaskmyself,“Istheresomeevilinvolvedinscience?”(P53)get/beinvolvedin參與；卷入；聚精會神于involvedoingsth包含做某事involvesbin(doing)sth使某人參與(做)某事involvedadj.復(fù)雜的；有牽連的；有關(guān)的be/getinvolvedin

使卷入……之中；熱衷于；專心于9.applyvi.&vt.應(yīng)用；申請；涂；有關(guān)Scientificknowledgeisanenablingpowertodoeithergoodorbad--butitdoesnotcarryinstructionsonhowtoapplyit.(P53)apply(to...)for...(向……)申請……apply...to...把……應(yīng)用于……；

把……貼/涂/敷到……applyto...

適用于……applyoneselfto.../applyone’smindsto...致力于……，專心于……10.freedomn.

自由Butourfreedomtodoubtwasbornoutofadeepandstrongstruggleagainstauthorityintheearlydaysofscience.(P54)havethefreedomtodosth.有做某事的自由freedomofspeech/expression/choice言論/表達(dá)/選擇的自由權(quán)individualfreedom個人自由freedomfromsth.從某事物中擺脫11.permitvt.&vi.允許；準(zhǔn)許；許可；使有可能n.許可證

Permitustoquestions---todoubt---tonotbesure.(P54)permitsb.todosth

允許某人做某事permitdoingsth

允許做某事permitof容許(常用于否定句)permissionn.允許;許可with/withoutpermission獲得/未經(jīng)允許askforpermission

請求允許12.responsibilityn.

責(zé)任，負(fù)責(zé)；職責(zé)，義務(wù)Itisourresponsibilityasscientists,knowingthegreatprogressthatisthefruitoffreedomofthought,todeclarethevalueofthisfreedom…(P54)haveresponsibilityfor(doing)sth.有(做)某事的責(zé)任It’sone’sresponsibilitytodosth.某人有責(zé)任做某事takeresponsibilityfor(doing)sth.承擔(dān)(做)某事的責(zé)任escape/avoidresponsibility逃避/回避責(zé)任asenseofresponsibility責(zé)任感responsible

adj.

有責(zé)任，負(fù)責(zé)；可靠的beresponsiblefor…對……負(fù)責(zé)任responsibilityn.

責(zé)任irresponsibleadj.不負(fù)責(zé)任的declarevt.

表明，宣稱；公布，宣布；申報declarewaron向……宣戰(zhàn)declarethat宣布/宣稱declareagainst

/forsb/sth

聲明反對/贊成（支持）declare…tobe…宣布/宣稱……是……1.referto查閱，參考；涉及，提到；指的是；關(guān)系到TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain.(P45)1)refersth.to...把……提交給……refertosb.指的是某人referto...as

把……稱為2)referencen.提及；談到；參考；查閱

in/withreferenceto...

關(guān)于……2.speedup(使)加速Tospeeduptheprocessandensureitssafety,Tuandherteamvolunteeredtotestqinghaoextractonthemselvesfirst.(P45)【反義短語】slowdown

減速，慢下來ataspeedof以……的速度athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最快速speedby(時間)很快地過去，飛逝3.payoff

成功；奏效，達(dá)到目的

TheeffortsofTuandherteamfinallypaidoff.(P45)payforsth付錢；支付；因某事吃苦頭或受懲罰paysbforsth付錢給某人payback還錢；償還；報復(fù)payattentionto注意，留心payavisitto訪問paydown(分期或部分)支付；償還payup付清全部欠款4.letsbdown

使某人失望

Neverconcernedthattheanswermayletusdown,withpleasureandconfidenceweturnovereachnewstonetofindunimaginedstrangenessleadingontomorewonderfulquestionsandmysteries.(P54)letalone更不用說;更不必說;不打擾;不干涉letoff寬恕;開(槍),放(炮、煙火等);讓……下車letout放走,釋放;泄露,放出;放寬,放大(衣服)letgo(of)放手,松手;放開letin允許進入,放進5.takeitforgranted

想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為，認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然

Now,wescientiststakeitf