鐵人中學(xué)2022級(jí)高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題

鐵人中學(xué)2022級(jí)高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題試題說明：1、本試題滿分150分，答題時(shí)間120分鐘。2、請(qǐng)將答案填寫在答題卡上，考試結(jié)束后只交答題卡。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtokeepfit. B.Howtohandlepressure. C.Whattoplaywith.2.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shehastogohomeverysoon.B.Themanshouldgohomeearlier.C.Shewillhelpthemangethome.3.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Managerandsecretary. C.Travelerandtravelagent.4.Whatcanbelearnedfromtheconversation?A.Thedamageofcarwasnotveryserious.B.Thetruckdriverwasslightlyinjured.C.Onlyonepersondiedintheaccident.5.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Togetmarried. B.Totakephotos. C.Tohaveaparty.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6.WhereisMr.Jonesnow?A.Athisparents’. B.Inhisoffice. C.Heisout.7.WhenwillMr.Jonesbeprobablyback?A.Tonight. B.3:30p.m.tomorrow. C.Inafewminutes.8.Whatisthemessage?A.Therewillbealecturetomorrowafternoon.B.Therewillbeapartytomorrowafternoon.C.Therewillbeapartythisevening.聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9.WhatisthewomangoingtodoinChicago?A.Toseeherfriend. B.Tomeetherbrother. C.Tohaveameeting.10.Howlongdoesthewomanhavetowaitforthenextflight?A.Aboutonehour. B.Aboutfourhours. C.Aboutthreehours.11.WhenwillthenextflightgettoChicago?A.At12:15. B.At12:50. C.At12:55.聽第8段材料，回答第12至14題。12.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inauniversity. B.Inacollege. C.Inahighschool.13.Whereshouldthewomanregister?A.Onthefirstfloor. B.Onthesecondfloor. C.Onthethirdfloor.14.Howmuchshouldthewomanpayeverytermifshewantstohaveoneroommate?A.$200. B.$400. C.$800.聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’splan. B.Theman’sdream. C.Theman’sexperience.16.Whofirsttaughtthemantocook?A.Hisfather. B.Hismother. C.Hisfather’sfriend.17.Whatdoweknowaboutthemannow?A.Heownsarestaurant. B.Helivesfarfromhishometown. C.Hisoriginaldreamhasetrue.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdidthebusinessmanwanttodoinanothertown?A.Todobusiness. B.Togoonaholiday. C.Toteachthepersonsalesson.19.WhydidthebusinessmanwantTomtocarrythelightestload?A.HelikedTombetterthantheotherpersons.B.Tomwasweakerthantheotherpersons.C.Tomwashardtodealwith.20.WhathappenedtoTomwhentheygottothetown?A.Hewasverytired. B.Hehadnothingtocarry. C.Hisloadbecameheavierandheavier.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ASTEMSummerProgramsforHighSchoolStudentsSTEMisatermthatstandsforscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics.HereisalistofsomeofthebestSTEMsummercampsforhighschoolstudents.FutureMattersProgramItisaneightweekpaidsummerresearchexperienceforhighschoolstudents.Thisisahandsonprogramforworldwidestudentsinterestedingoingafteracareerinmedicalresearch.Studentswillattendseminarsledbyfacultyandparticipateindiscussionswithpeers.SimonsSummerResearchItisasevenweekprogramlocatedatStonyBrookUniversity.Studentswillhavetheopportunitytoparticipateinspecialworkshops,toursandevents.Theywillconcludetheprogrambyproducingawrittenresearchabstractandresearchposter.ResearchScienceInstituteItisthefirstcostfreeprogramofitskind.Duringthissevenweekprogram,studentswilldivedeeperintotheworldofscienceandengineeringbyexperiencingtheentireresearchcycle.Inthisprogram,studentsattendclassesconductedbyfamousprofessorsandprepareoralpresentationstopresenttheirresearch.PrograminMathforYoungScientistsThisprogramisasixweekintensivemathematicsprogramdesignedforstudentsacrosstheglobe.Unlikemonprograms,itoffersagreatdealofindependenceforstudentstochoosetheirownschedulesanddecidewhattheywanttostudy.Besideslearning,thereisalso"mandatory(強(qiáng)制)funtime"builtintotheweeklyschedulesothatstudentsareabletohavenonmathrelatedactivities.21.Whichprogramwillbesummarizedwithwrittenmaterial?A.FutureMattersProgram.B.SimonsSummerResearch.C.ResearchScienceInstitute.D.PrograminMathforYoungScientists.22.WhatdoSimonsSummerResearchandResearchScienceInstitutehaveinmon?A.Expense. B.Requirement. C.Duration. D.Content.23.What'sspecialinPrograminMathforYoungScientists?A.Cultivatingindependentskills. B.Attendingnonmathactivities.C.Enrollinginternationalstudents. D.Tailoringpersonalschedules.BYoungtreesdon'tjustgrow;theydevelopapersonalityandlearnmoreabouttheirenvironmentandhowtheyshouldbestbehaveinit.Theyalsohelpeachotheroutwheneverthere'strouble.Personality,justasamongpeople,variesamongtrees.Someareanxious,somebold.Ontheauthor'sland,therearethreeoaktreesgrowingclosetogether.Oneoftheoaktreesalwaysstartstosheditsleavestwoweeksearlierthantheothers.Sincetheyallexperiencethesametemperature,thesamesoilandthesamelengthofday,suchvariablescan'tbetheexplanation.Sowhat'shappening?Well,thistreeissimplymorecarefulthantheothers.Whoeverholdsontotheirleaveslongercandomorephotosynthesis(光合作用)andstoremorenutrients.However,thelongeratreekeepsitsleaves,thehighertheriskofinjury.Notonlydotreesmaketheirowndecisions,theyalsolearnfromtheirmistakes.Atree,forexample,keepingitsleavestoolongduringoneyearwillnevermakethismistakeagain.Thisleadstoseveralotherconclusions:treesmustnoticethetemperatureandthelengthofthedayandbeabletosavetheirexperiencessomewhere.Obviously,treesdon'thavebrains,butitisthoughtthatinthesensitivetipsoftheirrootstheykeeptrackofinformationandexperiences.Buttreesaren'tonlycleverwhenitestocaringforthemselves.Theyalsosupporteachotherwheneverthere'stroublebygivingwarningsandeventakingcareofsickandweakconspecificswithnutrients.Forexample,onetimetheauthorfoundaveryoldtreestump.Itsinsideshadrottedalongtimeagototopsoil.Butthewoodontheoutsideofthestumpwasstillliving.Howwasthispossible?Well,thestumpwasnourishedbyitsneighborswithnutrientsfromtherootsystem,andhadbeenforatleast400years!Whydotreesdosuchathing?It'ssimple:it'sbettertogether.Treesneedtheforest;itprotectsthemfromstorms,providestherightmicroclimateandwarnsthemofattacks.24.Whydoestheauthormentionthethreeoaktrees?A.Toillustratetreescanlearnfromexperiences.B.Toshowtreescanmakeindependentdecisions.C.Toexplaintreesarequitesupportivetoeachother.D.Toprovetreeshavethesamepersonalitiesashumans.25.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesgeneralfeaturesoftrees?A.Anxiousandbold. B.Smartandadventurous.C.Helpfulandwellbehaved. D.Adaptableandsupportive.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"dosuchathing"mean?A.Givewarnings. B.Offerassistance.C.Dependonothers. D.Providenutrients.27.Wheredoesthistextmostprobablyefrom?A.Apubliclecture. B.Asciencebook.C.Anexperimentreport. D.Atraveljournal.CConsumerseverywherearefacedwiththesamedilemma:givenlimitedresources,whatsortsofpurchasesaremostlikelytoproducelastinghappinessandsatisfaction?Recentresearchhasconfirmedthatexperientialpurchasestendtoproducegreaterhedonic(享樂的)gainsthanmaterialpurchases.Thereasonwhyexperiencesimprovewithtimemaybebecauseitispossibletothinkaboutexperiencesinamoreabstractmannerthanpossessions.Forexample,ifyouthinkbacktoafantasticsummerfromyouryouth,youmighteasilyrememberanabstractsenseofwarmsunshineandyouthfulexuberant(生氣勃勃),butyou’relesslikelytorememberexactlywhatyoudiddaybyday.Materialpossessionsarehardertothinkaboutinanabstractsense.Thecaryouboughtisstillacar,thatgreatnewjacketyoupickedupcheapisstilljustajacket.It’smorelikelytheexperienceofthatsummerhastakenonasymbolicmeaningthatcanlivelongerinyourmemorythanapossession.Purchasingmayhaveanegativeimpactonhappinessbecauseconsumersoftenbuy“joyless”materialpossessions,resultinginfortbutnotpleasure.Ingeneral,peopleadapttoexperiencesmoreslowlythantomaterialpurchase.Thiscanbeseeninbothnegativeandpositivepurchases:hedonicadaptationwouldresultinapositiveexperiencecausingmorehappinessbutanegativeexperiencecausinglesshappinessthantheparablematerialpurchasewiththesameinitialhappinesslevel.Experience,however,seemstobemoreresistanttothesesortsofunfavourableparisons.Itisbecauseoftheuniquenatureofexperience.It’smoredifficulttomakeanunfavourableparisonwhenthereisnothingdirectlyparable.Afterall,eachofouryouthfulsummersisdifferent.It’swellestablishedthatsocialparisonscanhaveahugeeffectonhowweviewwhatmightseemlikepositiveevents.Onestrikingexampleisthefindingthatpeopleprefertoearn$50,000ayearwhileeveryoneelseearns$25,000,insteadofearning$100,000themselvesandhavingotherpeopleearn$200,000.Asimilareffectisseenforpossessions.WhentherearesomanyflatscreenHDTVstochoosefrom,it’seasytomakeunfavourableparisonsbetweenourchoiceandtheothersavailable.28.Anabstractsenseinthepassagereferstoawarenessofsomething__________.A.youcannotthinkabout B.youcan’trememberwellC.youcannotunderstand D.youcannotseeortouch29.Ifyoumakeanexperientialpurchasebeforeamaterialpurchase,youmaygoto__________.A.atheatrebeforegoingtoastoreB.anexhibitionbeforegoingtoaparkC.amallbeforegoingtoagrocer’sD.amarketbeforegoingtoarestaurant30.Theexampleofearningsisgiventoactuallyindicate__________.A.howridiculouspeopleare B.howpeoplefeelcontentC.hownearsightedpeopleare D.howpeopleholdprejudice31.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat,aftertheirmaterialpurchases,peoplemight______.A.enjoytheirownershipofwhattheyhaveboughtB.pickeveryfaultintheproductstheyhavegotC.regretmakingawrongdecisiontobuytheitemsD.leavewhatthey’vepurchaseduntouchedathomeDBasedonnewanalysis,wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears,currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldpletelydisappear.Polarregionswillgetcolderwhiletropicalregionswillgetevenhotter,forcinganimalstomigratenorth.Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.Tropicalstormsandhurricaneswillnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobeemoreintense.Ifthechangesetooquickly,animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.AccordingtoScienceDaily,anewstudypredictsthatbytheyear2100,manyoftoday'sfamiliarclimateswillbereplacedbyclimatesunknownintoday'sworld.Itisurgentthatwereducetherisksofthesefarreachingconsequencesforthewholeworld.Theplanet,itselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.In2004,aserioustsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2008,thousandsdiedinChinabecauseofanothersevereearthquake.Egyptwashitin2009withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwaspletelydestroyedin2010byyetanothermassiveearthquake.Withinjustthelastfewmonths,newreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeeninginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslythought.Atthispoint,itdoesn'tmatterwhatiscausingit,butrather,whatcanbedoneaboutit.What'smore,ourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstableeveryyear.Thereiswarandthreatofwareverywhere.Naturaldisastersarebeingmorefrequentandserious.However,otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.Nooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdata.32.WhatisthemajorfunctionofParagraph1?A.Toarousethereaders'concern. B.Tointroducethetheme.C.Tosummarizethewholepassage. D.Tostatehowtheclimatechanges.33.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinusingtheexamplesofearthquakes?A.Toshowmajorchangesaretakingplaceontheplanet.B.Toremindpeopletopreventfutureearthquakes.C.Toshowthedamageearthquakescaused.D.Totellusmoreearthquakeswillhappeninthefuture.34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftheclimatechange'seffects?A.Animalsandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.B.Itcouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.C.Currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandpletelydisappear.D.Naturaldisastersarebeingmorefrequentandserious.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Animalsandplantswon'tdieoutaslongasclimatechangesslowly.B.There'senoughdataforustopredictthefutureofclimatechange.C.Theworldisgettingmoreunstablebecauseofanimalmigration.D.Theearthisnottheonlyplanetthatisexperiencingclimatechange.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Tonsofpeopleenjoylisteningtovarioustypesofmusicwhiletheywork,believingthatmusichelpsimprovecreativity.Butaninternationalstudyischallengingthatviewpoint.(36).Toetotheirconclusions,researchershadparticipantspleteverbalproblemsdesignedtoinspirecreativitywhilesittinginaquietroom.(37)Theyfoundthatbackgroundmusicsignificantlyhurttheparticipants'abilitytopletetasksassociatedwithverbalcreativity.Thetasksweresimplewordgames.(38)Then,theywereaskedtofindasinglewordassociatedwithallthreethatcouldbebinedtoformamonphraseorword.Participantspletedthetasksineitheraquietroom,orwhileexposedtothreedifferenttypesofmusic;musicwithunfamiliarlines,instrumentalmusic,ormusicwithfamiliarlines.Dr.McLatchieandhiscolleaguesconcludethatmusicinterfereswith(干擾)theverbalworkingmemoryofthebrain.(39)Also,asfarasthelibrarybackgroundnoiseshavingseeminglynoeffect,theresearchersbelievethatwasthecasebecauselibrarynoisescreateanenvironmentofsteadystatethatdoesn'tinterruptconcentration."(40)Instead,theydemonstratethatmusic,regardlessofthepresenceofitscontent,consistentlyinterruptscreativeperformanceininsightproblemsolving,"thestudyreads.A.Andthisinturnholdsbackcreativity.B.Ithasnothingtodowiththepositivereaction.C.Thenagain,theyweretestedwhilemusicwasplayedinthebackground.D.Psychologistssaythattheirfindingsindicatemusicactuallyblockscreativity.E.Forexample,participantsweregiventhreewords,suchasdress,dial,andflower.F.Beforetheexperiment,theparticipantsdidn'tstudythemusictheywouldlisten.G.Toconclude,thefindingsherechallengethepopularviewthatmusicbuildsupcreativity.第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從短文后所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Istartedplayingfieldhockey(曲棍球)whenIwasinseventhgrade.Goingintomiddleschool,IknewIwantedto(41)asport,sinceIlovedbeingonateamwithfriends.(42)togetherafterclass,drivingtootherschoolsto(43)andjusthavinganoverallsenseofunitywereall(44).ofplayingateamsportthatIknewIcouldn't(45)get.Tobehonest,beforespringoftheseventhgrade,I(46)evenknewwhatfieldhockeywas.TheonlythingIknewwasthatmyfriendsthoughtitsoundedcool.Idon'treallyknowwhat(47).myfriendstofieldhockey.Maybeit'sbecauseit'smainlyawomen'ssport,(48)maybeit'sbecausethe(49)isareallyniceEnglishteacher.EventhoughIchoseitonawhim(一時(shí)興起),I'mreallygladIdecidedto(50)it.Iamcertainlynotafieldhockeyprodigy(天才)oranythinglikethat,butithonestlyaddstomy(51).Yes,itleavesmewithmylegs(52)andmyarmsdroopingheavily,butthispaindoesn'tparetothefeelingofhappinessthates(53)playing.Whenyou'rerunningwithawooden(54)inyourhand,chasingawhiteball,there'snoneedtoworryaboutanything.Itoffersanamazingwaytobefreefromthe(55)andhardshipsofschool.41.A.takeup B.carryon C.giveup D.passon42.A.Hiking B.Getting C.Practising D.Performing43.A.cooperate B.pete C.integrate D.suspend44.A.details B.options C.ratings D.meanings45.A.otherwise B.however C.originally D.frequently46.A.precisely B.barely C.merely D.undoubtedly47.A.intended B.attracted C.forced D.urged48.A.and B.while C.or D.but49.A.professional B.opponent C.partner D.coach50.A.stickwith B.buyinto C.reactwith D.acton51.A.confidence B.strength C.wellbeing D.figure52.A.aching B.broken C.swollen D.trembling53.A.beyond B.across C.at D.with54.A.bat B.tool C.item D.stick55.A.routine B.stress C.punishment D.petition第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinesescientistshavecontributedtotheglobaleffort(56)capturedtheworld'sfirstimageofSagittariusA,thesupermassiveblackholeatthecenteroftheMilkyWaygalaxy,accordingtotheShanghaiAstronomicalObservatoryoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,oneofthe(57).(participate)intheproject.ExpertsbelievetheimageofSagittariusAwillhelppeoplebetterunderstandtheextremecelestialobjects(58)(call)blackholesandtheevolutionofourgalaxy.SagittariusA(59)(locate)about27,000lightyearsawayfromoursolarsystem.Ithas(60).estimatedmassofmorethan4milliontimesthatofthesun.It'sabout24millionkilometers(61)diameter(直徑).Theblackholeisnowmostlydormantandonly(62)(occasional)absorbsnearbygasordust,butitholdsmanymysteriesthat(63)(puzzle)scientistsfordecades,suchasitsbirthandgrowth.Blackholestypicallyformwhenthenuclearfusionofaverymassivestarfizzlesout(64).itcollapsesuponitselfintoasuperdensecelestialobject.TheEventHorizonTelescopeheldanewsconferenceonThursday(65)(present)themugshotofthebehemothlurkingbehindthecloudsofdustandgasthatsurroundthecenterofourhomegalaxy.第四部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）假定你是李華，某英文報(bào)社即將舉行一次與航空航天相關(guān)的夏令營(yíng)，正在征求活動(dòng)方案。請(qǐng)你就此用英文給該報(bào)社寫一封電子郵件，表達(dá)你的興趣及你對(duì)活動(dòng)方案的設(shè)計(jì)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：航空航天aerospaceDearSir,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。MumandHerBankAccountMyfamilyhadthetraditiontositdownbythekitchentableeverySaturdaynighttocountoutthemoneyDadhadbroughthome."Thesearefortherent,andtheseforthegroceries."Mumcountedoutanddividedthebigsilverpieces."I'llneedanotebook,"ThatwouldbemysisterChristine,mybrotherNelsorme.AfterMumputoneortwocoinstothesideforthenotebook,shesaidthatwasallweneededtobuyfortheweekandweallrelaxedalittle.Wedidn'thavetogodowntownanddrawmoneyoutofMum'sbankaccount,whichcouldalwaysgiveussuchawarmandsecurefeel