中考英語語法高頻考點訓練 動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài) 含答案全套

中考英語語法高頻考點訓練-動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)考點一、動詞時態(tài)的分類及其應用1、一般現(xiàn)在時的用法1)表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如：Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.2)表示普遍真理，客觀存在，科學事實。如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.2、一般過去時的用法1)在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：Wheredidyougojustnow?2)表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.3、現(xiàn)在進行時1)表示現(xiàn)在(指說話人說話時)正在發(fā)生的事情。如：Wearewaitingforyou.2)表示長期的或重復性的動作，說話時動作未必正在進行。如：Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.(說話時并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。)3)短暫性動詞的進行時一定表示將來的含義。如：WearearrivingatLondon.4、過去進行時1)過去進行時主要表示過去某個時刻正在進行的動作，常和表示過去的狀語連用。如：Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?昨晚九點的時候，你在做什么?2)過去進行時也可以表示過去某一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作。如：From1983to1998,hewasteachingatYale.從1983到1998年，他正在耶魯大學教書。5、一般將來時1)表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來經(jīng)?；蛑貜桶l(fā)生的動作。2)willdo表示主觀意愿做某事。如：Iwillseeamoviethismorning.表示客觀的不以人的意志為轉移的客觀將來。如：Fishwilldiewithoutwater.3)begoingto+do表示計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。如：Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。6、過去將來時立足于過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。如：WangLeisaidthatshewasgoingtovisitherunclenextSaterday。7、現(xiàn)在完成時1)表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果。如：Ihavefinishedmyhomework.我做完家庭作業(yè)了。(過去某時開始做，到現(xiàn)在已完成。)2)表示：過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，并且有可能繼續(xù)下去。如：IhavestudiedEnglishforsixyears.我已經(jīng)學了六年英語了。8、過去完成時1)以過去某個時間為標準，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。如：Assoonaswegottothestation,thetrainhadleft.考點二、時態(tài)的判斷考點三、被動語態(tài)的分類及構成定義:英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)，主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者它有各種時態(tài)。。構成:助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞（助動詞有人稱，時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化）。被動語態(tài)的用法：1.不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。如：ThiskindofcarismadeinShanghai.2.沒必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者。如：RiceisgrowninsouthernChina.3.需要強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。如：Themaniscaughtbythepolice.4.動作的發(fā)出者不是人。如：Thetreewasblowndownbythestrongwind.主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的一般變化，通常分三步：1把主動語態(tài)的賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語。2把主動語態(tài)的謂語變成被動語態(tài)的be+過去分詞形式，時態(tài)要與原句保持一致。3把主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語，放在謂語動詞之后，by短語可以省略。例：Mysisterinvitedmetoherdinnerparty.→Iwasinvited(bymysister)toherdinnerparty.注意：1.固定短語在構成被動語態(tài)形式時，后面的介詞或副詞要保留。Youshouldtakegoodcareofyoursister.→Yoursistershouldbetakengoodcareof.2.主動語態(tài)中感官動詞(see,hear,feel,watch,notice等)以及使役動詞（make,let等）后跟省略to的不定式，在被動語態(tài)中必須還原to。如：Ioftenseehimplaybasketball.→Heisoftenseentoplaybasketball(byme).3.帶有雙賓語的動詞變成被動語態(tài)時，若將直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，則應在間接賓語前加to或for。如：Heshowedmeanicephoto.→Iwasshownanicephoto.或Anicephotowasshowntome.4.帶復合賓語(賓語+賓補)的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時，一般把主動結構中的賓語改為主語，而賓語補足語保留在謂語動詞后面。如：Wealwayskeepourschoolcleanandtidy.→Ourschoolisalwayskeptcleanandtidy.如：5.以who為主語開頭的疑問句，變被動時，用bywhom放在句首。如：Whowrotethestory?→Bywhomwasthestorywritten?或→Whowasthestorywrittenby?6.不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，如：rise,happen,succeed,remain,lie等。如：Whenwegottothetopofthemountain,thesunhadalreadyrisen.7.賓語是反身代詞，相互代詞，同源賓語，不定式，Ving形式及抽象名詞等，不能變?yōu)楸粍泳渥拥闹髡Z。如：Itaughtmyselfmath.Wehelpeachother.一、選擇填空1.Amotherwho________hersonwilldoeverythingforhishappiness.A.islovingB.lovesC.lovedD.hasloved2.LookatJohn!What________?A.doesheB.heisdoingC.ishedoingD.doeshedo3.He________homefornearlythreeweeks.A.hasgoneawayfromB.hasleftC.hasbeenawayfromD.wentawayfrom4.Sinceyoudon'twanttogo,I________alone.A.willgoB.goC.wentD.havegone5.Theywantedtoknowwhenthey________haveanexamination.A.hadgonetoB.weregoingtoC.wouldbegoingD.hadbeengoing6.He________outwhensomebodycalledathisoffice.A.hasjustgoneB.hadjustgoneC.justwentD.justnowwent7._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is，builtB.Was,builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build8.Cotton____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow9.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited10.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives11.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone12.Olderpeople____well.A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter13.Ourteacher______carefully.A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened14.Itwasreportedthatthemurderer_______arrested.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.hasD.had15.Greatchanges_____inChinasincethePeople’sRepublicofChina_______in1949.A.havetakenplace;wasfoundedB.hastakenplace;wasfoundedC.havebeentakenplace;foundedD.tookplace;founded二、用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當形式填空1.Nocountry______(make)suchgreatprogressasChinainthethirtyyears.2.Thelittlegirlwillgivetheflowertotheherowhenhe______(appear).3.Hesaidthathe______(come)backinfiveminutes.4.MybrotherlikesEnglishverymuch,andhe______(practice)readingeverymorning.5.Theoldcar______(produce)inGermanyin1960S.6.Thedooroftheclassroommust______(lock)morebeautiful.7.Hesaidhe______(go)tovisitthewriter.8.Mr.Brownsaidhewouldcallusassoonashe______(arrive)inBeijingthenextday.9.Hemetmanyproblemswhilehe______(go)overhislessons.10.Ididn’tknowthatyou______(be)intheroom.11.Ihopethateverything______(be)readytomorrow.12.Mr,Wang______(work)inthefactorysinceitopenedin1995.13.thechildren______(watch)TVwhenthemothercamein.14.Ofalltherubbishabout35percentcan(recycle).15.Idon’talienscan(find)inspace.三、詞語運用閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整，每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。getusesaybelievegetmaketaughtseewatchgiveCananimals1____toworkforus?Somescientiststhinkthatonedayanimalsmaybetaughttodoanumberofsimplejobs.They2____thatinafilmoronTVwemay3____elephants,monkeys,dogs,bears,orotheranimalsdoingalotofthings.Ifyou4_____carefully,youmayfindthatthoseanimalsare5____somethingtoeatinreturnfordoingthem.Thescientistssaythatmanydifferentanimalsmay6____todoanumberofsimplejobsifthey7____somethingtoeat.Ofcourse,asweknow,dogscanbeusedtoguardahouse,andelephantscanbeusedtodosomeheavyjob.Andwecanalsoteachanimalstoworkinfactories.Apes,forexample8____inAmericatohelpmakecarsandscientists9_____thatthesemonkeysmayoneday10____incropsandevendrivetrains.四、完形填空ItwasasunnySundayafternoon.John’sparentswerenotin.John

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togototheHappyTheatertowatchatalentshow,sohe

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home.OnlyBarky,John’spetdogstayedathome.JustafterJohnleft,abadman

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thewindow,andthenhe

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intothehousethroughit.He

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forexpensivethingsintherooms.Hefoundsomemoneyinthebox.He

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themoney,butashe

___7___,heheardadog’sbarking(叫聲).HelookedaroundandfoundBarkylookingathimangrily.Hewasveryscared.Barky

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himwhenJohncamehome.JohnletBarkysitdownandtoldthebadmanloudly,“Comewithmetothepolicestation,orBarkywillbiteyou!”Sothebadmanhadto

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JohnwithBarkyclosebehind.Apolicemancuffed(銬)thebadmanafterJohn

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himthething.Barkyhadatalentforwatchingthehouse.Butthebadmandidn’tknow.1.A.decideB.decided