山東省青島市黃島區(qū)等4地2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題（解析版）

2023-2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中考試高二英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案劃在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatdoesthemandointhepark?A．Rideabike.B．Playwithhisdog.C．Haveapicnic.2．Howoftendidthemancontacthisfriends?A．Everyday.B．Fourtimesamonth.C．Onceamonth.3．Whatmakesthewomananxious?A．Thepart-timejob.B．Thedifficultexam.C．Theheavyhomework.4．Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A．Dosomewarm-upexercises.B．Playanactualgamewithher.C．Gototheparkalone.5．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Housework.B．Freetimeactivities.C．Responsibilities.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatistheman’splanforthevacation?A．Goingtotheseaside.B．Doingsomehousework.C．Readingathome.7．Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman’splan?A．Disappointed.B．Interested.C．Envious.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithaboutthewoman’sdress?A．Itsstyle.B．Itssize.C．Itsmaterial.更多課件教案等優(yōu)質(zhì)滋源請家威杏MXSJ6639．Whowillthewomanturntoforhelp?A．Afashiondesigner.B．Ashopassistant.C．Herfriend’smother.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10．Whatdoesthemando?A．He’sarepairman.B．He’sacyclingcoach.C．He’sasalesman.11．Wheredidthewoman’sfatherusetoride?A．Inforests.B．Alongthehighways.C．Aroundtheneighborhood.12．Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A．Buyanewbike.B．Getthickertires.C．Havestrongerbrakes.13．Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A．Happy.B．Worried.C．Hesitant.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．Whereareprobablythespeakers?A．Athome.B．Inashop.C．Atatrainstation.15．Howistheweathernow?A．Windy.B．Sunny..C．Rainy.16．Whatisthemanunabletodo?A．Collectanorder.B．Pickuphisparents.C．Checktheweather.17．Whatisthewomanlikelytodonext?A．Playwiththekids.B．Dosomecleaning.C．Gotobed.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．WhoisBrianDongraisingCooperfor?A．Ablindman.B．Adeafman.C．Amanwithemotionalproblems.19．Whatdoesitmeanwhenadogwearsabluejacket?A．Itisstillintraining.B．Itiswithadisabledperson.C．Itisownedbythepolice.20．Wherewillthetrainingcoursesforvolunteersbeheld?A．Atthecommunitycenter.B．Attheuniversity.C．Atthefiredepartment.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（15個(gè)小題；每題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALearnaboutprograms,eventsandmuchmoreforstudentsofyouragetogetopportunities.YouthandNon-ViolentDirectActionTime:October18andNovember1,2023Contact:RobertCroonquistThisinteractiveworkshopforschoolgroupswillteachhowtoappealtothegovernmentforchangeandhowtocreatesafe,non-violentdirectaction.Studentswillmeetinsmallgroupstodiscussissuesthatareimportanttothem.Thefeetoparticipateis$5perstudent.AttendaFREEArchitectureandDesignCollegeFairTime:October28,2023Contact:MaryLibSchmidtHighschoolstudentsareinvitedtolearnmoreaboutapplyingtoarchitectureschool.Representativesfromover30colleges,universities,anddesignprogramswillmeetwithstudentsandanswerquestions.Theeventwillbeheldfrom11am-3pm.SeedsofKnowledge:TeenTourandNaturalBathBombMakingWorkshopTime:October26,2023Contact:NicoleLeistParticipantswilllookat15th-to-17th-centuryprintedherbalsondisplayandlearnhowmodernpractitioners（醫(yī)師）createbeneficialnaturalproductstoday.Teenswillcreatebathbombsusingallorganicmaterials.Thisprogramisintendedonlyforteensaged13to18.FREEwithadvanceregistration.FREESaturdayLeadershipProgramforHispanicYouthTime:November2023throughMarch2024Contact:LisaPinedaItisaFREESaturdayprogramserving100students.ItoffersvariousleadershipopportunitiesandresourceswiththegoalofaffirmingstudentsinculturalprideandincreasingtheHispanicvoiceingovernment,community,andinstitutionalspaces.Seatsarelimited.1.WhatcanyoulearnaboutYouthandNon-ViolentDirectAction?A.Itlastsafortnight. B.Itisfreeofcharge.C.Itisorganizedbythegovernment. D.Itteacheslegalwaystocommunicate.2.Ifyouwanttolearnhowtomakeanaturalproduct,whoshouldyoucontact?A.RobertCroonquist. B.MaryLibSchmidt. C.NicoleLeist. D.LisaPineda.3.Whichactivitylimitsthenumberofparticipants?A.YouthandNon-ViolentDirectAction.B.AttendaFREEArchitectureandDesignCollegeFair.C.SeedsofKnowledge:TeenTourandNaturalBathBombMakingWorkshop.D.FREESaturdayLeadershipProgramforHispanicYouth.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾項(xiàng)青少年可以參加的活動(dòng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YouthandNon-ViolentDirectAction部分中“Thisinteractiveworkshopforschoolgroupswillteachhowtoappealtothegovernmentforchangeandhowtocreatesafe,non-violentdirectaction.(這個(gè)學(xué)校團(tuán)體互動(dòng)講習(xí)班將教授如何呼吁政府作出改變，以及如何建立安全、非暴力的直接行動(dòng)。)”可知，青少年和非暴力直接行動(dòng)（YouthandNon-ViolentDirectAction）教授合法的溝通方式。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SeedsofKnowledge:TeenTourandNaturalBathBombMakingWorkshop下的“Participantswilllookat15th-to-17th-centuryprintedherbalsondisplayandlearnhowmodernpractitioners(醫(yī)師)createbeneficialnaturalproductstoday.(與會者將觀看展出的15至17世紀(jì)的印刷草藥，并了解現(xiàn)代醫(yī)生如何創(chuàng)造有益的天然產(chǎn)品。)”和“Contact:NicoleLeist(聯(lián)系人：NicoleLeist)”可知，如果你想學(xué)習(xí)如何制作天然產(chǎn)品，你應(yīng)該聯(lián)系NicoleLeist，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FREESaturdayLeadershipProgramforHispanicYouth部分中的“ItisaFREESaturdayprogramserving100students...Seatsarelimited(這是一個(gè)免費(fèi)的周六活動(dòng)，為100名學(xué)生提供服務(wù)……座位有限)”可知，F(xiàn)REESaturdayLeadershipProgramforHispanicYouth這個(gè)活動(dòng)限制參與人數(shù)，故選D。BItisabrightcolddayinAprilandPaulBlachutisbusyasusual.Frombehindthebarofarestaurant,hehasagoodviewoftheriver.Hecanseethat,alongtheshore,manyvisitorsarecoolingtheirfeetintheriver.Amongthoseareamotherandhertwoteenagedaughters.They’restandingontheedgeoftheriverbank,playingwithaninflatable(充氣的)tubewhen,suddenly,thegirlslosetheirfootingandarecaughtintheriver’scurrent.Itallhappenssofast.Thegirlsdesperatelygrabontothetube,whichtheirmotherissittingin,draggingherintotheriver,too.Nowallthreearebeingcarriedawaybythefastcurrent.Abystanderracestotherestaurantandshoutedforhelp.Despitehavingnolifesavingtraining,Blachutrushestotheriverbank,quicklypullingoffhisT-shirt.Thenhejumpsintotheriver.Hedoesn’tcareaboutthecold;allhecanthinkaboutissavingthewomen.AsBlachutgetsclosertothem,hecantellthatthemotherseemstobeinthemosttrouble;herheadisnowsubmerged.Herecallshowalifeguardsavespeopleinamoviesohetriesthis,butinvain.Withouthesitation,Blachutdivesunderthedrowningwoman,pushingherupwardandusingthatmomentum(沖力)topushhertowardtheshore.Thenhedivesintothecurrentagain,swimsquicklydownstreamandmanagestogetholdofoneoftheteenagers,andgetheroutinthesamewayhedidhermother.Heisoutofstrengthandluckily,thegirl’ssisterishelpedoutbysomeoneelse.SeveralonlookersexpresstheiradmirationforBlachutfollowingtheincident,butheismodestabouthisrole.“Thewholerescueonlytooktwoorthreeminutes”hesaystoday,addingthatheishappytohavereceivedhighpraisefromhisbossforhiscourage.Indeed,itwasajobverywelldone.4.WhatmightBlachutbe?A.Avisitor. B.Awaiter. C.Theboss. D.Alifeguard.5.Whathappenstothemotheroftwoteenagers?A.Shelosesherfootingwhileplaying. B.Sheisdraggedintotheriverbyaccident.C.Shejumpsintotherivertosaveherdaughters. D.Shelosescontrolofthetubeandflowswithit.6.Whatisthekeyfactorinthissuccessfulrescue?A.Blachut’srichlifesavingexperience. B.ThemethodBlachutrecallsinamovie.C.Theslowspeedoftherivercurrent. D.Blachut’sabilitytomakequickdecisions.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythetextappear?A.Health. B.Travel. C.Inspiration. D.Entertainment.【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了一位母親和兩個(gè)女孩意外落水，在岸邊一家餐廳工作的服務(wù)員PaulBlachut看到這種情況后，迅速做出決定，沖到河邊救下了她們?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ItisabrightcolddayinAprilandPaulBlachutisbusyasusual.Frombehindthebarofarestaurant,hehasagoodviewoftheriver.(這是一個(gè)明亮寒冷的四月的一天，保羅布拉舒特像往常一樣忙碌。從餐館的吧臺后面，他可以看到河的美景。)”和最后一段中““Thewholerescueonlytooktwoorthreeminutes”hesaystoday,addingthatheishappytohavereceivedhighpraisefromhisbossforhiscourage.(“整個(gè)營救只花了兩三分鐘，”他今天說，并補(bǔ)充說，他很高興得到了老板對他勇氣的高度贊揚(yáng)。)”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，Blachut是一名飯店服務(wù)員，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thegirlsdesperatelygrabontothetube,whichtheirmotherissittingin,draggingherintotheriver,too.(女孩們拼命地抓住管子，她們的媽媽正坐在里面，把她也拖進(jìn)了河里。)”可知，這兩個(gè)女孩的媽媽不小心被拖進(jìn)了河里。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Despitehavingnolifesavingtraining,Blachutrushestotheriverbank,quicklypullingoffhisT-shirt.Thenhejumpsintotheriver.Hedoesn’tcareaboutthecold;allhecanthinkaboutissavingthewomen.(盡管沒有受過任何救生訓(xùn)練，布拉丘特還是沖到河邊，迅速脫下他的T恤衫。然后他跳進(jìn)河里。他不在乎寒冷，他滿腦子想的都是救那些女人。)”和最后一段中“Thewholerescueonlytooktwoorthreeminutes(整個(gè)營救只花了兩三分鐘)”可推知，這次成功救援的關(guān)鍵因素是Blachut做出快速決定的能力。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了一位母親和兩個(gè)女孩意外落水，在岸邊一家餐廳工作的服務(wù)員PaulBlachut看到這種情況后，迅速做出決定，沖到河邊救下了她們，這是一件鼓舞人心的事情。由此可推知，這篇文章可能選擇報(bào)紙的“鼓舞人心故事”這一板塊，故選C。CTohumans,roadsmeanconnectionandescape;tootherlife-forms,theyspelldeathanddivision.Ahalf-centuryago,just3percentoflandanimalsmettheirendonaroad;by2017thenumberhadgreatlydoubled.Consideringtheoutsizeeffectsofroads,it’sperhapssurprisingthattheydidn’ttrulyreceivetheirscientificdueuntilthelate20thcentury.In1993,RichardForman,alandscapeecologist,coinedanEnglishterm:“roadecology,”definedlooselyasthestudyofhow“l(fā)ifechangesforplantsandanimalswitharoadandtrafficnearby.”Asthe1990sworeon,roadecologygainedsteam.Likemostpeople,Iatoncecherishanimalsandthinknothingofpilotinga3,000-pounddeathmachine.Onesummer,inAlaska,Ihitasongbird–adeathIdidn’tdiscoveruntilIfoundthedelicatesplashoffeathersthenextday.I’dkilleditunconsciously.ButIcoulddonothing.Roadecologyoffersonepaththroughthisthicket(灌木叢).NorthAmericaandEuropeconstructedtheirroadnetworkswithlittleregardforhowtheywouldaffectnature.Todayintheory,weknowbetter.Roadecologyhasrevealedthedangerofthoughtlessdevelopmentandpointedustowardsolutions.Overthelastseveraldecades,itspractitionershaveconstructedbridgesforbears,tunnels(隧道)forturtles.InKenya,elephantsmoveslowlybeneathhighwaysandrailroadsviapassagesastallastwo-storyhouses.Androadecologyhasyieldedmorethancrossings:We’vealsolearnedtomapandprotectthemigrationsofcertainanimals,todesignroadsidesthatnourishbeesandbutterflies–proofthatoldmistakesneednotbepermanent.Todaywe’reenteringaperiodthatmightfairlybeconsideredthegoldenageofroadecology.Thecomingyearswillundoubtedlybetransformativeonesforourroadnetwork.Still,whetherwecanevertrulyundotheharmsofourconcrete-coatedworldisfarlesscertain.8.Whatmaybethereasonforthedoubleddeathnumberby2017?A.Roadnoises. B.Trafficaccidents. C.Naturaldisasters. D.Huntingactivities.9.WhatdidtheauthorwanttotellusbytheexperienceinAlaskainParagraph3?A.Songbirdswerecommoninthatarea. B.Thesongbird’sdeathwasundervalued.C.Drivingacarwasnecessaryforhisjob. D.Hewasmuchtroubledbythesongbird.10.Whichbestdescribestheimpactofroadecology?A.Far-reaching. B.One-sided. C.Short-lived. D.Unnoticeable.11.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowRoadsHaveTransformedtheNaturalWorld B.WhatMeasuresShouldBeTakentoProtectAnimalsC.HowRoadEcologyWillChangetheFutureWorld D.WhatDifficultiesHumansfaceinRoadConstruction【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了道路生態(tài)使人們開始保護(hù)動(dòng)物，避免動(dòng)物發(fā)生交通事故，進(jìn)而改變了自然世界?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ahalf-centuryago,just3percentoflandanimalsmettheirendonaroad;by2017thenumberhadgreatlydoubled.(半個(gè)世紀(jì)以前，只有3%的陸地動(dòng)物在路上死去；到2017年，這個(gè)數(shù)字大大增加了一倍。)”可知，2017年死亡數(shù)翻倍的原因是交通事故。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Likemostpeople,Iatoncecherishanimalsandthinknothingofpilotinga3,000-pounddeathmachine.Onesummer,inAlaska,Ihitasongbird–adeathIdidn’tdiscoveruntilIfoundthedelicatesplashoffeathersthenextday.I’dkilleditunconsciously.(像大多數(shù)人一樣，我立刻就愛上了動(dòng)物，對駕駛一臺3000磅重的死亡機(jī)器毫不在意。一年夏天，在阿拉斯加，我撞上了一只鳴鳥——直到第二天我發(fā)現(xiàn)了那片纖細(xì)的羽毛，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)它的死亡。我無意識地殺了它)”可推知，作者想通過第三段在阿拉斯加的經(jīng)歷告訴我們的是，他沒有重視鳴鳥的死，故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Today,intheory,weknowbetter.Roadecologyhasrevealedthedangerofthoughtlessdevelopmentandpointedustowardsolutions.Overthelastseveraldecades,itspractitionershaveconstructedbridgesforbears,tunnels(隧道)forturtles.InKenya,elephantsmoveslowlybeneathhighwaysandrailroadsviapassagesastallastwo-storyhouses.(今天，從理論上講，我們更清楚。道路生態(tài)學(xué)揭示了盲目開發(fā)的危害，為我們指明了解決之道。在過去的幾十年里，它的從業(yè)者為熊建造了橋梁，為海龜建造了隧道。在肯尼亞，大象在高速公路和鐵路下通過兩層樓高的通道緩慢移動(dòng))”和倒數(shù)第二段中“Androadecologyhasyieldedmorethancrossings:We’vealsolearnedtomapandprotectthemigrationsofcertainanimals,todesignroadsidesthatnourishbeesandbutterflies–proofthatoldmistakesneednotbepermanent.(道路生態(tài)學(xué)帶來的不僅僅是交叉路口:我們還學(xué)會了繪制和保護(hù)某些動(dòng)物的遷徙地圖，學(xué)會了設(shè)計(jì)能滋養(yǎng)蜜蜂和蝴蝶的路邊——證明舊的錯(cuò)誤不一定是永久性的)”可知，道路生態(tài)使人們?yōu)楸Ｗo(hù)動(dòng)物做出了一些改變；由此可推知，道路生態(tài)所帶來的影響是深遠(yuǎn)的，故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Consideringtheoutsizeeffectsofroads,it’sperhapssurprisingthattheydidn’ttrulyreceivetheirscientificdueuntilthelate20thcentury.In1993,RichardForman,alandscapeecologist,coinedanEnglishterm:“roadecology,”definedlooselyasthestudyofhow“l(fā)ifechangesforplantsandanimalswitharoadandtrafficnearby.”Asthe1990sworeon,roadecologygainedsteam.(考慮到道路的巨大影響，它們直到20世紀(jì)末才真正得到應(yīng)有的科學(xué)價(jià)值，這或許令人驚訝。1993年，景觀生態(tài)學(xué)家理查德·福爾曼(RichardForman)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)英語術(shù)語：“道路生態(tài)學(xué)”，寬泛地定義為研究“附近有道路和交通的動(dòng)植物的生活如何發(fā)生變化”隨著20世紀(jì)90年代的過去，道路生態(tài)開始蓬勃發(fā)展)”以及第四度和第五段介紹了道路生態(tài)所帶來的深遠(yuǎn)影響——使人們?yōu)楸Ｗo(hù)動(dòng)物做出了一些改變可知，文章主要介紹了道路生態(tài)使人們開始保護(hù)動(dòng)物，避免動(dòng)物發(fā)生交通事故，進(jìn)而改變了自然世界，A項(xiàng)“道路是如何改變自然世界的”適合作文章標(biāo)題，故選A。DInthedaysbeforetheinternet,criticalthinkingwasthemostimportantskillthatinformedcitizenscouldhave.Butinthedigitalage,accordingtoAnastasiaKozyreva,aGermanpsychologist,anevenmoreimportantskillis“criticalignoring.”Withsuchanoverabundanceofinformation,weneedtofirstdecidewhat’sworthourattentionandtime,andwhat’snot.Thefirststrategyisself-nudging.Thisinvolvesavoidinglow-qualityinformationsothatwehavemorequalitytimeforourselves.Italsoinvolvestheremovalofdistractingthingsfromtheenvironmentaroundyou.Ofcourse,weneedtostayinformedofworldevents,sowecan’tjustignoretheinternetaltogether.Whenyoudogointosocialmedia,Kozyrevarecommendssettingtimelimits,whichpreventsyoufromlosingtrackoftimeasyouclickononeattractivelinkafteranother.Thenextstrategyislateral(橫向的)reading.Itspurposeistoimprovejudgmentsaboutthereliabilityofinformation,andtoprotectyoufromfalseandmisleadinginformation.Thestrategyinvolvesopeninganewwebpagetofindoutmoreaboutthesourceoftheinformation.Likewise,it’salsogoodtocheckthesourceoftheinformationinaninternetpost.Headlinesareoftencheating.They’redesignedtoattractattention,notprovideinformation.Themainideaofthearticlemaybecompletelycontrarytotheimplicationintheheadline.Asensationalclaimmayprovidealinkwithaheadlinethatseemstosupportit,butacarefulreadingoftheoriginalsourceshowsitdoesn’t.Weliveinadigitalageinwhichwe’reoverwhelmedwithinformation,muchofitofpoorquality.Trainourcriticalignoringskillsandwecangetthebenefitsoftheinternetwhileweavoidfallingvictimtothosewhotrytocontrolourattention.12.Whichofthefollowingsayingcanbestdescribe“criticalignoring”?A.RobPetertopayPaul. B.Makesomethingoutofnothing.C.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether. D.Separatethesheepfromthegoats.13.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestforapplyingself-nudgingstrategy?AImprovingstudyequipment. B.Managingourowntimewell.C.Avoidingaccesstosocialmedia. D.Stayinginformedofwhathappened.14.Howcanwegetthereliableinformationofanarticle?A.Byfocusingonheadlines. B.Byreadingpostsatrandom.C.Bysearchingfororiginalsources. D.Byconsultingauthoritiesforadvice.15.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toclarifyaconcept. B.Topromoteanapp. C.Todescribeascene. D.Tomakeaproposal.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章圍繞“批判性忽視”展開論述，列舉了實(shí)現(xiàn)它的兩個(gè)策略及其重要性?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Withsuchanoverabundanceofinformation,weneedtofirstdecidewhat’sworthourattentionandtime,andwhat’snot.”（面對如此豐富的信息，我們首先需要決定哪些值得我們花時(shí)間和精力，哪些不值得。）可知，“criticalignoring”指的是在大量的信息中我們要能分辨出有價(jià)值的信息和無用的信息。“RobPetertopayPaul”表示“拆東墻補(bǔ)西墻”，Makesomethingoutofnothing表示“無中生有”，Birdsofafeatherflocktogether表示“物以類聚，人以群分”，Separatethesheepfromthegoats表示“分辨好壞”，D項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)分辨能力，符合“criticalignoring”的描述。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thisinvolvesavoidinglow-qualityinformationsothatwehavemorequalitytimeforourselves.”（這包括避免低質(zhì)量的信息，這樣我們就有更多屬于自己的高質(zhì)量時(shí)間。）及最后一句“Whenyoudogointosocialmedia,Kozyrevarecommendssettingtimelimits,whichpreventsyoufromlosingtrackoftimeasyouclickononeattractivelinkafteranother.”（當(dāng)你進(jìn)入社交媒體時(shí)，Kozyreva建議設(shè)置時(shí)間限制，這樣可以防止你在點(diǎn)擊一個(gè)又一個(gè)吸引人的鏈接時(shí)忘記時(shí)間。）可知，作者認(rèn)為在使用該策略時(shí)，要有良好的時(shí)間管理觀念，避免浪費(fèi)時(shí)間在無用的信息上，以便節(jié)約更多時(shí)間在高質(zhì)量的信息處理上。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段前三句“Thenextstrategyislateralreading.Itspurposeistoimprovejudgmentsaboutthereliabilityofinformation,andtoprotectyoufromfalseandmisleadinginformation.Thestrategyinvolvesopeninganewwebpagetofindoutmoreaboutthesourceoftheinformation.”（下一個(gè)策略是橫向閱讀。其目的是提高對信息可靠性的判斷，并保護(hù)您免受虛假和誤導(dǎo)性信息的影響。該策略包括打開一個(gè)新的網(wǎng)頁，以找到更多關(guān)于信息來源的信息。）及最后一句“Asensationalclaimmayprovidealinkwithaheadlinethatseemstosupportit,butacarefulreadingoftheoriginalsourceshowsitdoesn’t.”（一個(gè)聳人聽聞的說法可能會提供一個(gè)似乎支持它的標(biāo)題鏈接，但仔細(xì)閱讀原始來源就會發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)并非如此。）可知，橫向閱讀包括找到更多信息來源的消息，而閱讀這些原始文本可以提供可靠的信息。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Butinthedigitalage,accordingtoAnastasiaKozyreva,aGermanpsychologist,anevenmoreimportantskillis“criticalignoring.””（但德國心理學(xué)家AnastasiaKozyreva表示，在數(shù)字時(shí)代，一項(xiàng)更重要的技能是“批判性忽視”。）；第二段第一句“Thefirststrategyisself-nudging.”（第一種策略是自我推動(dòng)）；第三段第一句“Thenextstrategyislateralreading.”（下一個(gè)策略是橫向閱讀。）及第四段最后一句“Trainourcriticalignoringskillsandwecangetthebenefitsoftheinternetwhileweavoidfallingvictimtothosewhotrytocontrolourattention.”（訓(xùn)練我們的批判性忽視技能，我們可以從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中獲益，同時(shí)避免成為那些試圖控制我們注意力的人的受害者。）可知，作者提出一個(gè)建議——批判性忽視，并列舉了實(shí)現(xiàn)它的兩個(gè)策略及其重要性。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doingfitnessroutinesischallengingandsometimesboring.Hereissomeadviceonhowtomakeexerciseasfunasvideogames.HaveanobjectiveWhenyou’replayingagame,there’salwaysanobjective.Ithelpsusfocusonthetaskathandandmotivatesustokeepplayinguntilwewinthegame.___16___Createaclearfitnessgoal.Aimtowalk10,000stepsaday,forexample,ortrytorunatotalof6mileseveryweek.CompeteagainstothersAddinganelementofcompetitiontoyourexerciseroutinecanactuallyhelpyouworkoutharder.Ifyou’reseekingasimilarmotivation,lookintofitnessprogramsthatencouragefriendlycompetition.TheappZwift,forexample,isagoodchoice.___17___TeamupwithothersGettingagrouptoworktogethertowardacommongoalwasalsoaneffectivewaytoincreasephysicalactivity.Youcantrytorecreatethisdynamicbyworkingtowardanexercisegoalwithotherpeople,particularlythosewhoyouhaveacloserelationshipto.___18___Sograbaclosefriendorfamilymemberandbringthemtothegymwithyou.AddasenseofplayfulnessSomepeoplelovevideogamesbecausethere’salotofunpredictabilityandsurprise.___19___Youcanrecreatethissenseofplayfulnessinyourownexercises.Forexample,youcantakephotosofatleast5differentflowersonyourneighborhoodwalk.Rideyourbikefromonefriend’shousetoanother.___20___Ifexercisemakesyoufeelslightlyhappyoraddssomekindofmeaningtoyourlife,that’sgreat.A.Exerciseshouldbenodifferent.B.Justremembereverymomentofplayfulengagementisavictory.C.Buthowtoapplythesetechniquestooureverydayfitnessroutines?D.Similarly,youcandomanythingstobringbackasenseofchildlikewonder.E.Itallowsyouraceagainstothersaroundavirtualworldusingyourownbike.F.Thisapproachencouragedeachmemberofthegrouptotrytomeettheday’sstepgoal.G.Theycanhelpyouholdyourselfaccountableinawayyoumightnotdowithastranger.【答案】16A17.E18.G19.D20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要提供了一些使鍛煉變得像電子游戲一樣有趣的建議?！?6題詳解】上文“Whenyou’replayingagame,there’salwaysanobjective.Ithelpsusfocusonthetaskathandandmotivatesustokeepplayinguntilwewinthegame.”（當(dāng)你在玩游戲時(shí)，總是有一個(gè)目標(biāo)。它幫助我們專注于手頭的任務(wù)，激勵(lì)我們繼續(xù)比賽，直到我們贏得比賽。）說明玩游戲時(shí)設(shè)定目標(biāo)的重要性，結(jié)合下文“Createaclearfitnessgoal.”（制定一個(gè)明確的健身目標(biāo)。）說明健身時(shí)也需要有目標(biāo)，A項(xiàng)“Exerciseshouldbenodifferent.”（鍛煉也不例外）銜接上文，引出下文健身也需要目標(biāo)的事實(shí)，符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“TheappZwift,forexample,isagoodchoice.”（例如，zswift應(yīng)用程序就是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。）舉例說明了一個(gè)鼓勵(lì)友好競爭的應(yīng)用程序，E項(xiàng)“Itallowsyouraceagainstothersaroundavirtualworldusingyourownbike.”（它允許你使用自己的自行車在虛擬世界中與他人比賽。）具體說明了該程序是如何運(yùn)作的，銜接上文恰當(dāng)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Youcantrytorecreatethisdynamicbyworkingtowardanexercisegoalwithotherpeople,particularlythosewhoyouhaveacloserelationshipto.”（你可以試著通過與其他人，特別是那些你關(guān)系密切的人一起朝著一個(gè)鍛煉目標(biāo)努力來重建這種動(dòng)力。）說明與關(guān)系密切的人一起合作有助于激發(fā)你的鍛煉動(dòng)力。G項(xiàng)“Theycanhelpyouholdyourselfaccountableinawayyoumightnotdowithastranger.”（他們可以幫助你對自己負(fù)責(zé)，而你對陌生人可能不會這樣做。）具體說明了這些人對你的幫助，其中“they”指代上文“thosewhoyouhaveacloserelationshipto”，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Somepeoplelovevideogamesbecausethere’salotofunpredictabilityandsurprise.”（有些人喜歡電子游戲是因?yàn)槠渲杏泻芏嗖豢深A(yù)測性和驚喜。）給出了一些人喜歡電子游戲的原因，結(jié)合下文“Youcanrecreatethissenseofplayfulnessinyourownexercises.”（你可以在自己的練習(xí)中重新創(chuàng)造這種好玩的感覺。）說明在鍛煉中也可以創(chuàng)造這種感覺，D項(xiàng)“Similarly,youcandomanythingstobringbackasenseofchildlikewonder.”（同樣，你可以做很多事情來找回孩子般的好奇感。）與上文構(gòu)成類比，銜接下文，說明在鍛煉中也可以擁有游戲中驚喜的感覺，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Ifexercisemakesyoufeelslightlyhappyoraddssomekindofmeaningtoyourlife,that’sgreat.”（如果運(yùn)動(dòng)讓你感到些許快樂，或者為你的生活增添了某種意義，那就太好了。）說明了運(yùn)動(dòng)能帶來樂趣，給生活增添意義。B項(xiàng)“Justremembereverymomentofplayfulengagementisavictory.”（只要記住，每一次有趣的參與都是一種勝利。）說明重在參與到運(yùn)動(dòng)之中，銜接下文參與運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來的好處和樂趣，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iopenedthedoorofourcampervan(房車).Mytwocats,GatinhaandJonSnow,___21___downthestairsandontothegrass.Inthedistance,thesea___22___beforemeandthesun’sraysdancedonthesurface,creatinga/an___23___displayoflightandshadow.Amonthearlier,Wade,35,andIthoughtwewerereadyforourtravelin___24___.Sowe___25___ourofficejobstotravelaroundAustraliainourtruckthatwe’dtransformedintoa___26___onwheels.Besidessavingforthetrip,we’dsetupawebsiteto___27___moneywhileweweretravelling,alongwithrentingoutourhome.Knowingwecouldn’tleaveourtworescuecatsbehind,wedecidedtobringthemwithus.Afterdoingsome___28___,Idiscoveredthatseeingcatsontheroadis___29___butwedidn’tletitstopus.To___30___thecatstotheirnewhome,webroughtthemintothevanwhileweworked.Finally,wewereonthewaytotravel.Forthefirstfewdaysthey___31___theinsideofthevan,butasdaysturnedtoweeks,theygraduallygrewmore___32___.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheywerecuriouslysniffingthegrass.___33___,neitherofthecatshaveeverwalkedfarandwe___34___themtowanderfreely.Lookingback,___35___thecitylifetotravelaroundwasthebestdecisionweevermade,andourcatsmaketheperfectcompanions!21.A.jumped B.bent C.fell D.stopped22.A.shouted B.stretched C.folded D.disappeared23.A.heartbreaking B.imaginary C.breathtaking D.disturbing24.A.time B.budget C.energy D.facility25.A.quit B.ignored C.took D.changed26.A.library B.school C.home D.hotel27.A.make B.save C.collect D.donate28.A.practice B.thought C.discussion D.research29.A.common B.fascinating C.rare D.natural30.A.force B.adapt C.move D.lead31.A.focusedon B.messedup C.stuckto D.escapedfrom32.A.dependent B.anxious C.confident D.tolerant33.A.Amazingly B.Suddenly C.Regretfully D.Doubtfully34.A.ordered B.reminded C.taught D.trusted35.A.exchanging B.choosing C.abandoning D.experiencing【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.B25.A26.C27.A28.D29.C30.B31.C32.C33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者和Wade辭職，帶著兩只貓，開著卡車環(huán)游澳大利亞的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的兩只貓，Gatinha和JonSnow，跳下車梯，跳到草地上。A.jumped跳躍；B.bent彎曲；C.fell掉落；D.stopped停下來。由上文“Iopenedthedoorofourcampervan(房車)”和下文“downthestairsandontothegrass”可知，作者打開車門，兩只貓從車?yán)锾聛?，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：遠(yuǎn)處，大海在我面前延伸，太陽的光線在海面上跳躍著，形成了一個(gè)光影交織的令人嘆為觀止的畫面。A.shouted大喊；B.stretched伸展，延伸；C.folded折疊；D.disappeared消失。由上文“Inthedistance,thesea”可知，大海向遠(yuǎn)處延伸，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。遠(yuǎn)處，大海在我面前延伸，太陽的光線在海面上跳躍著，形成了一個(gè)光影交織的令人嘆為觀止的畫面。句意：A.heartbreaking令人心碎的；B.imaginary虛構(gòu)的；C.breathtaking激動(dòng)人心的，令人驚嘆的；D.disturbing令人不安的。由上文“thesun’sraysdancedonthesurface”和下文“displayoflightandshadow”可知，太陽的光線在海面上跳躍著，形成了一個(gè)