重慶市渝高中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題

重慶市渝高中學(xué)校高2026級高一(上)期半期考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanusuallydoonweekends?A.Gohiking.B.Dothecleaning.C.Restathome.2.WhydoesGeorgelooktired?A.Hehadalongflight.B.Hewalkedonthebeach.C.Hedidn’tsleepwellinthehotel.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Inastation.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewillcanceltheparty.B.Thereisplentyoffoodattheparty.C.Themanshould’veinvitedhisworkmates5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Arace.B.Healthydiet.C.Theman’sbrother.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6至第7題。6.Whenwillthemanprobablyvisittheshop?A.Thisafternoon.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.7.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Shehasabusyschedule.B.Shelostatelephonenumber.C.Shecan’tusethecopymachine.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第10題。8.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Placeanorder.B.Remendaproduct.C.Reduceaprice.9.Whatwillthemandowithavideocamera?A.Recordhistravels.B.Useitforaclass.C.Senditasagift.10.WhatdoesthewomansayabouttheSepler83?A.Itishighlypraised.B.Itisanewmodel.C.Itiseasytouse.聽下面一段對話，回答第11至第13題。11.Whatismakingthewomanlateforthedinner?A.Thecartrouble.B.Theheavytraffic.C.Thelongmeeting.12.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Giveheraride.B.Callacustomer.C.Meetheratabusstop.13.Wherecouldthemanmostprobablybe?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inamuseum.C.Inapark.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至第16題。14.Wheredoesthemanlive?A.Nearacakeshop.B.Acrossfromaschool.C.Besideasupermarket.15.Howdoesthewomangettowork?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.16.Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Movehouse.B.Collecttheman.C.Goshopping.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewestslides?A.Theyarelessexciting.B.Theyarepopularwithkids.C.Theyarethebiggestinthestate.18.Whatisonspecialoffer?A.Familytickets.B.Teenagers’tickets.C.Children’stickets.19.Whenwillthespecialofferend?A.OnJune21.B.OnJune25.C.OnJune30.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledointheend?A.Bookticketssoon.B.Protectthemselvesfromthesun.C.Visitthewebsiteformoreinformation.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。AYoucan’tjustrelyontextbookstolearnEnglish,ifyouwanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Actually,youneedanexcellentlanguageenvironment.Thisdoesnotmeanthatyouhavetomoveabroadorlivewithforeigners.Itisalsoagoodwaytoreadtheoriginalbooks,andthebestandmostreliableonesaretheclassics.Herearefourfamousbooks.Let’sseewhichoneyouaremostinterestedin.UlyssesUlyssesdid“streamofconsciousness”beforethetermexisted,andit’salsoaplicated(難懂的)novelfilledwithreferences,wordplay,confusingjokes,andintense,personalreflectionsbythecharacters.MobyDickMobyDickhasafameforbeingverydull.Melville’snovelwasn’treceivedwellonpublication(ittookdecadesbeforepeoplereallystartedtorealizehowgreatitis),andthenegativeevaluation(評價)isrepeatedeveryyearwhenstudentsareforcedtoreadit.PrideandPrejudicePrideandPrejudiceisamasterpieceintheliteraryworld,beingtheinspiration,basis,andmodelforsomanymodernnovels.You’reprobablymorefamiliarwithitsplot(情節(jié))andcharactersthanyouthink.Forabookwrittenintheearly19thcentury,itsmodernityissurprisingonlyuntilyourealizethisisthenovelthatinmanywaysdefineswhatamodernnovelis.TheBigSleepIt’struethatthebookiswritteninwhatseemstomodernaudienceslikeaselfconsciouslytoughstyle,pepperedwitholdfashionedexpressions,andtheplotisfamouslyplicated,evenforamystery.Itactuallyhasseverallooseendsthatnevergetsolved,butitdoesn’tmatter.1.Whichbookfailedtobepopularatfirst?AUlysses. B.MobyDick. C.PrideandPrejudice. D.TheBigSleep.2.WhatisspecialaboutPrideandPrejudice?A.Itisfullofconfusingjokes. B.Itisfamousforitsdullness.C.Itisatypicalmodernnovel. D.Ithassomemysterious(神秘的)ends.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.AnEnglishmagazine.C.Atravelbrochure. D.Anovel.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本適合用于學(xué)習(xí)英語的名著。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MobyDick中的“MobyDickhasafameforbeingverydull.Melville’snovelwasn’treceivedwellonpublication(ittookdecadesbeforepeoplereallystartedtorealizehowgreatitis),andthenegativeevaluation(評價)isrepeatedeveryyearwhenstudentsareforcedtoreadit.(《白鯨》以沉悶著稱。梅爾維爾的小說在出版時反響不佳(人們花了幾十年才真正意識到它有多偉大)，每年當(dāng)學(xué)生們被迫閱讀它時，負(fù)面評價都會重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。)”可知MobyDick這本書一開始反響不好，故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PrideandPrejudice中的“Forabookwrittenintheearly19thcentury,itsmodernityissurprisingonlyuntilyourealizethisisthenovelthatinmanywaysdefineswhatamodernnovelis.(對于一本寫于19世紀(jì)早期的書來說，它的現(xiàn)代性是令人驚訝的，直到你意識到這本小說在很多方面定義了什么是現(xiàn)代小說。)”可知，PrideandPrejudice這本書的特殊之處在于它是一部典型的現(xiàn)代小說。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Youcan’tjustrelyontextbookstolearnEnglish,ifyouwanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Actually,youneedanexcellentlanguageenvironment.Thisdoesnotmeanthatyouhavetomoveabroadorlivewithforeigners.Itisalsoagoodwaytoreadtheoriginalbooks,andthebestandmostreliableonesaretheclassics.Herearefourfamousbooks.Let’sseewhichoneyouaremostinterestedin.(如果你想學(xué)好一門外語，你就不能只依靠課本來學(xué)習(xí)英語。實際上，你需要一個良好的語言環(huán)境。這并不意味著你必須移居國外或與外國人住在一起。這也是一個很好的方式來閱讀原著，最好和最可靠的是經(jīng)典。這里有四本名著。讓我們看看你對哪一個最感興趣。)”可知本文主要介紹了四本有助于英語學(xué)習(xí)的名著。說明這篇文章應(yīng)來自一本英語雜志。故選B。BJoeClarkwasanontraditionalhighschoolprincipal,whoseunusualwayofcarryingoutrulesbecamethesubjectofa1989Hollywoodmovie.HegainednationalattentionforhisleadershipatEastsideHighSchoolinPaterson,NewJersey.“Youarenotinferior.”iswhatClarkwouldoftentellhisstudents,manyofwhomwereAfricanAmericanorLatino.Theygrewupinadifficultenvironmentandfacedviolence,drugsandtroubledfamilylifewhichcouldpreventthemfromsucceedinginschoolandinlife.Beforebeinganeducator,ClarkservedintheU.S.AmyReserve.Hisexperiencemighthaveinfluencedhowheranhisschool.Hewasknowntowalkaroundwithabullhornandabaseballbat.InClark'sfirstdaysofworking,heexpelled300studentsforbreakingschoolrules.Thestudentswhoremainedatschoolbelievedthathigherexpectationswerebeingplacedonthem.Theyfeltmorepressuretoperformbetter.Somepraisedhiseffortsatdisciplinewhileotherscriticizedhismethods.PresidentRonaldReaganofferedClarkaWhiteHousepolicyadviserpositionafterhissuccessatthehighschool.In1988,oneteacher,saidhismethodsweremorelikebeinginalaborcampthanapublichighschool.In1989,actorMorganFreemanplayedClarkinthemovie“LeanonMe.”ThatmoviewasbasedonClark'sexperiencesatEastside.“Joewasafatherfiguretoschoolkid,”Freemansaid.“Hewasthebestofthebestintermsofeducation.”Recently,oneofJoeClark'sformerstudents,ThomasMcEntyresaid,“Ineverreallygotachanceto...thankhim.Weareyourproduct.Youdidnotfailus.Nomatterwhetheryoukickedmeout,youdidnotfailme.Youbetteredme."AfterheretiredfromEastsidein1989,Clarkwroteabookcalled“LayingDowntheLaw:JoeClark'sStrategyforSavingOurSchools.”HedescribedhowhemanagedtoturnEastsideHighfromafailingschoolintoasuccess.4.Bysaying“Youarenotinferior”tohisstudents,JoeClarkmeantto_________.A.makethestudentsfacethereality B.leadthestudentstoacceptthemselvesC.pressthestudentsnottomakemistakes D.encouragethestudentstobetterthemselves5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“expelled”inparagraph3mean?A.Drewout. B.Kickedout. C.Broughtout. D.Smoothedout.6.WhocriticizedJoeClark?A.Thepresident B.Oneteacher. C.MorganFreeman. D.ThomasMcEntyre.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJoeClark?A.Toughandunique. B.Demandingandhumorous.C.Kindandconsiderate. D.Wellmeaningandprofessional.【答案】4D5.B6.B7.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。JoeClark是一位非傳統(tǒng)的高中校長，他執(zhí)行規(guī)則的獨特方式成為1989年一部好萊塢電影的主題。他在新澤西州帕特森東區(qū)高中的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力贏得了全國的關(guān)注。文章主要介紹了JoeClark是如何教育學(xué)生的以及他的教育特點?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段““Youarenotinferior.”iswhatClarkwouldoftentellhisstudents,manyofwhomwereAfricanAmericanorLatino.Theygrewupinadifficultenvironmentandfacedviolence,drugsandtroubledfamilylifewhichcouldpreventthemfromsucceedinginschoolandinlife.(“你并不低人一等”是Clark經(jīng)常對他的學(xué)生說的話，他的學(xué)生中有很多是非裔美國人或拉丁裔美國人。他們在困難的環(huán)境中長大，面臨暴力、毒品和麻煩的家庭生活，這些都可能阻礙他們在學(xué)校和生活中取得成功)”可推知，通過說“你并不比其他的學(xué)生差”，JoeClark的意思是鼓勵學(xué)生提高自己。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“300studentsforbreakingschoolrules”可知，300名違反校規(guī)的學(xué)生被Clark開除了。劃線詞意思是“開除”。A.Drewout.取出；B.Kickedout.解雇，開除；C.Broughtout.出版；D.Smoothedout.消除。故選B。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“In1988,oneteacher,saidhismethodsweremorelikebeinginalaborcampthanapublichighschool.(1988年，一位教師說，他的方法更像是在勞改營，而不是公立高中)”可知，一位老師批評了JoeClark。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“JoeClarkwasanontraditionalhighschoolprincipal,whoseunusualwayofcarryingoutrulesbecamethesubjectofa1989Hollywoodmovie.(JoeClark是一位非傳統(tǒng)的高中校長，他執(zhí)行規(guī)則的獨特方式成為1989年一部好萊塢電影的主題)”以及第三段中“InClark'sfirstdaysofworking,heexpelled300studentsforbreakingschoolrules.Thestudentswhoremainedatschoolbelievedthathigherexpectationswerebeingplacedonthem.Theyfeltmorepressuretoperformbetter.(在Clark開始工作的頭幾天里，他開除了300名違反校規(guī)的學(xué)生。留在學(xué)校的學(xué)生認(rèn)為他們被寄予了更高的期望。為了表現(xiàn)得更好，他們感到了更多的壓力)”可推知，JoeClark強硬且獨特。故選A。CRacewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelyleadingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditioned(有身體條件的)athletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswing(擺動)andonefootremainincontactwiththegroundatalltimes.It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays.Accordingtomostdata,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisabouttwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnothitthebodyashardasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesconnectedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areunmonamongracewalkers.Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplacemuchstressontheankles(腳踝)andhips(臀部),sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecarefulinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstmunicatewithacoachorexperiencedracertolearnproperskills,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.8.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theydowellinthemarathon.C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.9.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It’smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It’slesschallengingphysically.C.It’smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.It’slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.10.WhatisDr.Norberg’ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A.Gettingexperts’opinions.B.Havingamedicalexamination.C.Employinganexperiencedcoach.D.Doingregularexercises.11.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?A.Puzzled. B.Careful. C.Supportive. D.Worried.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了競走在比賽中的規(guī)則以及與走路和跑步相比時，它的優(yōu)勢和弊端。不是所有人都適合競走?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontactwiththegroundatalltimes.(但這項運動的規(guī)則要求競走運動員在腿的大部分?jǐn)[動過程中膝蓋保持伸直，一只腳始終保持與地面接觸。)”可知，競走運動員是訓(xùn)練有素的，因為他們要遵循特別的競走比賽的規(guī)定。故選C項。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesconnectedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areunmonamongracewalkers.(因此，她說，一些與跑步有關(guān)的損傷，比如跑步膝蓋，在競走者中并不常見。)”可知，與跑步相比，競走運動員更不太容易傷到膝蓋。故選D項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstmunicatewithacoachorexperiencedracertolearnproperskills,shesays.(她說，事實上，任何想嘗試競走的人都應(yīng)該首先與教練或有經(jīng)驗的選手溝通，學(xué)習(xí)正確的技能)”可知，想嘗試競走的人應(yīng)該咨詢一名教練或者由經(jīng)驗的竟走者，即咨詢專業(yè)人士。故選A項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelyleadingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.(研究表明，競走與跑步在健身方面有許多共同的好處，而且很可能導(dǎo)致更少的受傷。然而，它也有自己的問題。)”后文客觀陳述競走的優(yōu)缺點，并建議在學(xué)習(xí)競走時咨詢專業(yè)人士，可知作者的態(tài)度理性謹(jǐn)慎。故選B項。DProcessedfoodslikechips,sodasandfrozenpizzasarefullofsalt,sugar,andfat.Now,scientistsaretryingtounderstandifthereissomethingelseaboutsuchfoodsthatmaybebadforhumans.Theresearcherscreatedasystemthatplacesfoodsintofourgroups.Thesystemsayshighlyprocessedfoodsaremademostlyofindustrializedmaterialsandadditives(添加劑).Sodas,packagedcookies,instantnoodlesandchickennuggets(雞肉塊)aresomeexamplesofhighlyprocessedfoods.Butalsoincludedareproductsthatcanseemhealthy,suchasmorningcereals,energybarsandsomekindsofyogurt.Researchersconductedafourweekstudyinvolving20people.Theyfoundthatpeopleateabout500morecaloriesadaywhenfedmostlyprocessedfoods.Thatisparedtowhenthesamepeopleweregivenlessprocessedfoods.Theresearcherspermittedthe20participantstoeatasmuchoraslittleastheywanted.Theyweretakentoamedicalcentersotheirhealthandbehaviorcouldbeobserved.Inanotherstudy,researchersinFrancefoundpeoplewhoatemoreprocessedfoodsweremorelikelytohaveheartdisease.AsimilarstudyinSpainlinkedeatingmoreprocessedfoodstoahigherriskofdeathingeneral.Thescientistsalsofoundthatpeopleateprocessedfoodsmorequickly.KevinHallisoneoftheresearcherswholedthestudy.Hesaidthatprocessedfoodswereusuallysofterandeasiertochewandswallow.Hallnotedthesourceofnutrientsmightmakeadifference.Forexample,fiberfromfruitandvegetablesmaybebetterformakingpeoplefeelfullthanfiberaddedtopackagedfoodssuchasenergybarsandyogurt.Avoidingprocessedfoodscanbehard,especiallyforpeoplewithlimitedtimeandmoney.Processedfoodscanalsotakemanyforms.Inaddition,paniescontinuallyreengineerproductstomakethemseemhealthier.Theneweststudiesmayprovidemorereasonstoavoidprocessedfoods.But,theyalsocallattentiontothedifficultyofingupwithwaystodothat.12.Whatkindoffooddoenergybarsbelongto?A.Highlyprocessedfoods. B.Especiallybeneficialfoods.C.Relativelyhighcostfoods. D.Fairlyhealthfriendlyfoods.13.WhatcanweknowabouteatingmoreprocessedfoodsinParagraph3?A.Itcanoftenresultindeath. B.Itmakespeoplegetlesscalories.C.Itdoesharmtopeoplepotentially. D.Itmakeslittledifferencetopeople’shealth.14.Whatismorelikelytomakepeoplefeelfull?A.Fiberaddedtopackagedfoods.B.Fiberfromfruitandvegetables.C.Highlyprocessedfoodslikeinstantnoodles.D.Foodsmademostlyofindustrialmaterialsandadditives.15.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Researchesrevealmoreharmofprocessedfoods.B.Processedfoodsincludeawiderangeofproducts.C.Peoplehaveahighertendencyofeatingprocessedfoods.D.Itisnecessaryforpeopletoavoidhighlyprocessedfoods.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們正試圖了解加工食品是否還有其他可能對人類有害的東西。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Sodas,packagedcookies,instantnoodlesandchickennuggets(雞肉塊)aresomeexamplesofhighlyprocessedfoods.(蘇打水、包裝餅干、方便面和雞塊都是高度加工食品的例子。)”可知，蘇打水、包裝餅干、方便面和雞塊都是高度加工的食品。而根據(jù)“Butalsoincludedareproductsthatcanseemhealthy,suchasmorningcereals,energybarsandsomekindsofyogurt.(但也包括一些看起來健康的產(chǎn)品，比如早餐麥片、能量棒和某些酸奶。)”中的“also”可知，早餐麥片、能量棒和某些酸奶雖然看上去很健康，其實也是高度加工的食品。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Inanotherstudy,researchersinFrancefoundpeoplewhoatemoreprocessedfoodsweremorelikelytohaveheartdisease.AsimilarstudyinSpainlinkedeatingmoreprocessedfoodstoahigherriskofdeathingeneral.(在另一項研究中，法國的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，吃更多加工食品的人更容易患心臟病。西班牙的一項類似研究表明，吃更多的加工食品通常會增加死亡風(fēng)險。)”可知，加工食品極有可能對人的健康有害。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Forexample,fiberfromfruitandvegetablesmaybebetterformakingpeoplefeelfullthanfiberaddedtopackagedfoodssuchasenergybarsandyogurt.(例如，水果和蔬菜中的纖維可能比添加到包裝食品（如能量棒和酸奶）中的纖維更能讓人產(chǎn)生飽腹感。)”可知，水果和蔬菜中的纖維更能讓人產(chǎn)生飽腹感。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Now,scientistsaretryingtounderstandifthereissomethingelseaboutsuchfoodsthatmaybebadforhumans.(現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們正試圖了解這些食物是否還有其他可能對人類有害的東西。)”、第三段“Theyfoundthatpeopleateabout500morecaloriesadaywhenfedmostlyprocessedfoods.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們主要食用加工食品時，他們每天會多攝入約500卡路里的熱量。)”以及第四段“Thescientistsalsofoundthatpeopleateprocessedfoodsmorequickly.(科學(xué)家們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們吃加工食品的速度更快。)”可知，文章主要講述的是科學(xué)家們正在試圖揭示加工食品更多有害的方面。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Itisoftenaplexandtiringtasktoliveahealthylife,butthatisn’talwaysthecase.___16___It’stimetochangetheclassroomenvironmentforthehealthofthechildren.___17___It’snotsurprisingthatsittingforlongasachildisassociatedwithhealthproblemsasanadult.Fortunately,there’sasimple,overlookedsolutiontotheseproblems—standingclassrooms.Overthelastfewyears,anumberofstudieshaveshownthatthebenefitsoftheincreasedrangeofmovementstudentsexperiencewhenusingstandingdesksaresurprisinglybroad.___18___Besides,standingdesksencouragehigherlevelsofteamworkandparticipationamongstudents.Standingdesksalsohelptoreducetheriskofsomediseases.Theycanhelptopreventfatness,heartdiseaseandlowspirits.Sedentary(久坐的)lifestylesareamajorreasonwhyteenagerssufferfrompoormentalhealth,whilehigheractivitylevelsreducethechancesofachildexperiencingsuchanillness.Thebenefitsofbringingstandingdesksintoclassroomsareobvious.___19___Otherwisetheywilllikelyhurttheirmuscleswhenstandingforalongtime.Standingdesksusuallyofferafullrangeofmotion,whichincludestheoptiontositorlean(傾斜身體)withoutlosingeyeleveloftherestoftheclass,andthatfullrangeofmotionisimportant.Sittingisn’thorrible.Itisn’tathingweshouldneverdo.Theproblemisthatwedoittoomuch,andsodoourchildren,whichmakeschildrenlesslikelytosucceedandkeephealthy.___20___A.Itistimeforustostanduptostayhealthy.B.Butitisimportantforchildrentousethemgradually.C.Childrenspendmostoftheirschooldaysittingatdesks.D.Thusit’snecessarytobreakupthesittingwithstandingdesks.E.Somethingascheapasadeskcouldbemakingamajordifference.F.Rightnowthereissomethingwecandoeasilytokeepourchildrenhealthy.G.Forexample,theyhelpstudentskeepfitandavoidputtingontoomuchweight.【答案】16.F17.C18.G19.B20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了久坐帶來的健康隱患和采用站立式課桌對學(xué)生的健康的好處?！?6題詳解】上文“Itisoftenaplexandtiringtasktoliveahealthylife,butthatisn’talwaysthecase.(過健康的生活通常是一項復(fù)雜而累人的任務(wù)，但事實并非總是如此)”以及下文“It’stimetochangetheclassroomenvironmentforthehealthofthechildren.(為了孩子們的健康，是時候改變課堂環(huán)境了)”說明為了孩子們的健康，需要改變課堂環(huán)境，而且這并不一定是復(fù)雜且累人的，F(xiàn)項“現(xiàn)在，我們可以很容易地做一些事情來保持孩子的健康?！背猩蠁⑾拢项}意。故選F。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文“It’snotsurprisingthatsittingforlongasachildisassociatedwithhealthproblemsasanadult.(孩子久坐與成年時的健康問題有關(guān)，這并不奇怪)”可知，孩子成年時有健康問題并不奇怪。由此推知，空處陳述這種問題不奇怪的原因。C項“孩子們一天中的大部分時間都坐在書桌前?！币鱿挛?，符合題意，sittingatdesks是關(guān)鍵詞故選C。【18題詳解】上文“Overthelastfewyears,anumberofstudieshaveshownthatthebenefitsoftheincreasedrangeofmovementstudentsexperiencewhenusingstandingdesksaresurprisinglybroad.(在過去的幾年里，許多研究表明，學(xué)生在使用站立式課桌時，活動范圍的增加所帶來的好處驚人的多)”說明學(xué)生使用站立式課桌有好處，G項“例如，他們幫助學(xué)生保持健康，避免體重過大”舉例說明使用站立式課桌的好處，承接上文，符合題意。故選G?！?9題詳解】上文“Thebenefitsofbringingstandingdesksintoclassroomsareobvious.(將站立式課桌引入教室的好處是顯而易見的)”以及下文“Otherwisetheywilllikelyhurttheirmuscleswhenstandingforalongtime.(否則，當(dāng)他們長時間站立時，很可能會損傷他們的肌肉)”說明站立式課桌有好處，但長時間站立可能損傷孩子們的肌肉，B項“但對孩子們來說，逐漸使用它們是很重要的?！背猩蠁⑾拢f明要讓孩子們逐漸使用站立式課桌，符合題意。故選B?！?0題詳解】上文“Sittingisn’thorrible.Itisn’tathingweshouldneverdo.Theproblemisthatwedoittoomuch,andsodoourchildren,whichmakeschildrenlesslikelytosucceedandkeephealthy.(坐著并不可怕。這不是一件我們永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該做的事情。問題是我們坐得太多了，我們的孩子也是，這會降低孩子成功和保持健康的可能性)”說明久坐的壞處，D項“因此有必要用站立式課桌把坐分散開來?！闭f明解決方法，承接上文，符合題意。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。I’mauniversityprofessoratanartschool.Lastyear,Idecidedto____21____onlineclassestogainsomeknowledgeofArabic(阿拉伯語).MyteacherandIwouldmeetafewtimesamonthtopractice____22____andgoovergrammar.Duringourmunication,healso____23____detailsofhislife.Gradually,the____24____ofthefirstfewlessonsgavewaytomorefamiliarityandfort.Istoppedfeelingembarrassedandbegantoopenupaboutmyown____25____andmybattlewithArabic.“Don’tworry;I’mhereto____26____you.You’rehardworkingandI’msureyou’lldowellinit,”saidmyteacher.Ihad____27____mystudentswithsimilarwordsinmyownteaching.Itwas____28____tohearthemdirectedatme.Thetablesturned.“Youare____29____today,”myteacherwouldsaywhenIusedvariedvocabularyorexpressions.WhenIheardthesefourwords,Igotafeelingof____30____.Italsosurprisedmethatmyconfidencecouldbeencouragedbysuch____31____praise.ThatwaswhenIbecameawarehow____32____Ihadpraisedmystudents,becauseIthoughtmuchpraisemadethemselfsatisfied.Butnow,Ihadachangeofheartand____33____thattheseplainwordscanmeanalot.Words____34____.AndnowIbeemore____35____whenIusethem.21.A.keepupwith B.signupfor C.makeupfor D.eupwith22.A.writing B.listening C.conversation D.translation23.A.recorded B.shared C.avoided D.debated24.A.embarrassment B.nervousness C.excitement D.expectation25.A.routine B.achievement C.education D.background26.A.remind B.contribute C.teach D.inspire27.A.forted B.informed C.praised D.rescued28.A.disappointed B.strange C.concerned D.upset29.A.fluent B.brave C.energetic D.excellent30.A.calm B.relief C.joy D.safety31.A.simple B.special C.mon D.mild32.A.naturally B.rarely C.necessarily D.casually33.A.wondered B.remembered C.reflected D.understood34.A.matter B.fail C.remain D.develop35.A.curious B.certain C.thoughtful D.particular【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者學(xué)習(xí)阿拉伯語的經(jīng)歷，明白了即使是簡單的贊美也能鼓舞一個人的信心的道理。【21題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：去年，我決定報名參加網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程，學(xué)習(xí)一些阿拉伯語知識。A.keepupwith跟上，與……保持聯(lián)系；B.signupfor報名參加；C.makeupfor彌補；D.eupwith提出，想出。根據(jù)“togainsomeknowledgeofArabic”可知，作者想學(xué)習(xí)一些阿拉伯語知識，故報名參加網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程，故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我和老師每個月都會見面幾次，練習(xí)對話和復(fù)習(xí)語法。A.writing寫作；B.listening聽力；C.conversation對話；D.translation翻譯。根據(jù)下文“Duringourmunication(在我們的交流中)”可判斷，作者和老師除了進(jìn)行語法復(fù)習(xí)之外，還會進(jìn)行對話練習(xí)。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們的交流中，他也分享了他的生活細(xì)節(jié)。A.recorded記錄；B.shared分享；C.avoided避免；D.debated辯論。前文提到作者和老師會進(jìn)行對話練習(xí)，因此此處指老師會在對話練習(xí)中分享一些生活細(xì)節(jié)。故選B。24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，最初幾節(jié)課的尷尬被熟悉和舒適所取代。A.embarrassment尷尬；B.nervousness緊張；C.excitement興奮，激動；D.expectation期待。根據(jù)下文“Istoppedfeelingembarrassed(我不再感到尷尬)”可知，作者在剛開始上課的時候感到尷尬，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不再感到尷尬，開始暢談自己的經(jīng)歷和我與阿拉伯語的斗爭。A.routine常規(guī)；B.achievement成就；C.education教育；D.background背景，經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文“mybattlewithArabic”和下文老師安慰作者的話“You’rehardworkingandI’msureyou’lldowellinit(你很努力，我相信你會做得很好的)”可知，作者學(xué)阿拉伯語的過程有一些痛苦的過程和掙扎，這是他學(xué)習(xí)阿拉伯語的經(jīng)歷。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“別擔(dān)心；我是來教你的。你很努力，我相信你會做得很好，”我的老師說。A.remind提醒；B.contribute做貢獻(xiàn)；C.teach教；D.inspire鼓舞。結(jié)合語境可知，老師是來教作者阿拉伯語的，故選C。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我自己的教學(xué)中，我也曾用類似的話來安慰我的學(xué)生。A.forted安慰；B.informed通知；C.praised表揚；D.rescued營救。根據(jù)上文“You’rehardworkingandI’msureyou’lldowellinit(你很努力，我相信你會做得很好)”可知，這些是阿拉伯語老師安慰作者的話，作者作為大學(xué)的老師，在自己的教學(xué)過程中，也用這些話去安慰自己的學(xué)生。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：聽到這些話對著我來說真奇怪。A.disappointed失望的；B.strange奇怪的；C.concerned擔(dān)心的；D.upset沮喪的。根據(jù)下文“Thetablesturned.(形勢逆轉(zhuǎn)了)”可知，作者作為大學(xué)老師經(jīng)常會用“做得好”這樣的話來安慰自己的學(xué)生，這是作者老師曾經(jīng)對作者說過的話，如今形式逆轉(zhuǎn)了，所以當(dāng)作者聽到自己說出這樣的話的時候應(yīng)該是感覺到非常的奇怪，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我使用不同的詞匯或表達(dá)方式時，老師會說：“你今天真棒?！盇.fluent流利的；B.brave勇敢的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.excellent優(yōu)秀的，極好的。根據(jù)“whenIusedvariedvocabularyorexpressions(當(dāng)我使用不同的詞匯或表達(dá)時)”可知，作者在學(xué)習(xí)語言的過程中使用不同的詞匯，老師應(yīng)是表揚作者非常棒。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我聽到這四個字時，我有一種喜悅的感覺。A.calm平靜；B.relief寬慰；C.joy喜悅，快樂；D.safety安全。當(dāng)人受到表揚的時候，應(yīng)該非常開心，因此作者會有一種喜悅開心的感覺。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同樣令我驚訝的是，如此簡單的贊美竟能鼓舞我的信心。A.simple簡單的；B.special特殊的；C.mon普通的；D.mild溫和的。根據(jù)上文“Youare____9____today”以及下文“theseplainwordscanmeanalot(這些簡單的話語意義重大)”可知，老師一句簡單的表揚能鼓舞作者的信心，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：那時我才意識到我很少表揚我的學(xué)生，因為我認(rèn)為太多的表揚會讓他們自我滿足。A.naturally自然地；B.rarely很少；C.necessarily必要地；D.casually隨意地。根據(jù)“becauseIthoughtmuchpraisemadethemselfsatisfied”可知，作者很少表揚自己的學(xué)生，怕他們會自滿，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是現(xiàn)在，我改變了主意，明白了這些簡單的話可以意味著很多。A.wondered想知道；B.remembered記得，想起；C.reflected反映，反射；D.understood理解，明白。根據(jù)“Ihadachangeofheart”及語境可知，現(xiàn)在作者改變了主意，明白了簡單的表揚也會有很大影響，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：言語很重要。A.matter要緊；重要；有重大影響；B.fail失??；C.remain保持，逗留；D.develop發(fā)展。根據(jù)上文“theseplainwordscanmeanalot”可知，言語很重要，故選A。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在當(dāng)我使用它們的時候，我變得更深思熟慮了。A.curious好奇的；B.certain肯定的；C.thoughtful思考的，深思熟慮的；D.particular特別的。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，作者明白了即使是簡單的語言也能鼓舞人的信心，語言的作用是非常大的，因此在使用語言的時候反而要經(jīng)過好好的思考。故選C。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題分，共15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Oneofthe____36____(old)traditionaloperaformsstill____37____(perform)inChina,KunquOperawasborninSuzhou,Jiangsuprovince.It___38___(list)asoneofthemasterpiecesoftheoralandintangibleculturalheritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))byUNESCOi