2022湘潭英語(yǔ)中考試卷（含答案解析）

2022年湘潭市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試

第一部分聽(tīng)力技能（略）

第二部分閱讀技能（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題2分，滿分40分）

閱讀下面的材料，從每題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)回答問(wèn)題或完成句子。

A

（2022湖南湘潭,A）

Notice

OurheadmasterwillgiveusaspeechonSafetyintheschoolhallat8a.m.onJune21st.Allthestudentsshouldbe

present.

ItUsmainlyabout:

1.possibleaccidentsaroundteenagers;

2.properwaystoprotectourselves.

YouCresupposedto:

1.arriveontime;

2.listencarefully;

3.takenotes.

Students□Union

l.Thespeechisabout.

A.sportsB.scienceC.safety

2.Whatcanwedoduringthespeech?

A.Takingnotes.

B.Havingadiscussion.

C.Arrivinglate.

B

（2022湖南湘潭,B）

Herearesomefunactivitiesafterschool!Comeandjoinus!

DaysPlacesTeachersActivities

MondayMeetingroomMissLiPapercutting

TuesdaySchoolHallMissWhiteAIrobots

Biology

WednesdayLabMr.Yang

experiments

ThursdayMedicalofficeDoctorBrownFirstaid

FridayPlaygroundMr.SmithSoccer

l.WhoistheteacherofAIrobots?

A.MissLi.B.MissWhite.

C.Mr.Yang.

2.WhatcanwelearnfromDoctorBrown?

A.Papercutting.B.Firstaid.

C.Soccer.

3.Wheredowehavebiologyexperiments?

A.Inthelab.

B.Inthemedicaloffice.

C.Ontheplayground.

C

（2022湖南湘潭,C）

Fiveyearsago,Jennifer,agirlfromAustralia,cametoXiangtanUniversitytostudyChinese.Thereshefellin

lovewithChinesecultureandmetherhusband,whoisalocal（當(dāng)?shù)氐模﹜oungman.Theygotmarriedaftershe

finishedherstudy.Sincethen,shehasstartedhernewlifeinXiangtanCity.

AsJenniferlearnedthattigershaveimportantandspecialmeaninginChina,shedecidedtopreparesome

interestinggiftsforherbabyontheway.LikesomeChinesepeople,sheDdliketocallit“TigerBaby”,because2022

istheYearofTiger.ShehasalreadylearnedtomaketigerhatsandshoesintheshapeofatigerDsheadforherbaby,

hopingherbabywillgrowtobeasstrongasalittletiger.

Fatherhasdecidedwhenhisbabygrowsup,hewillteachthebabytodrawpicturesoftigers.Grandmahas

helpedmakesomeclothtigersto“eatup“illnesses.Grandpasstoriesareready,likethoseaboutTigerGeneral（虎

威將軍）andHufu（虎符）.

Nextweek,JenniferisparentswillflyfromAustraliatotakegoodcareofher.Andin3months,thefamilywill

welcomeabigday.Jenniferbelievesshewillbethehappiestmomintheworld.Whatawarmfamily!

I.Accordingtothetext,JennifercametoXiangtanUniversity.

A.toseeherfriends

B.tostudyChinese

C.toteachEnglish

2.WhyhasJennifermadetigerhatsandshoes?

A.Tohopethebabywillbeasstrongasatiger.

B.Toshowherperfectskillsofmakingthings.

C.TosendthemtoherChinesefriendsasgifts.

3.Whowillteachthebabytodrawpicturesoftigers?

A.Grandma.B.Grandpa.C.Father.

4.Whatwillprobablyhappenin3months?

A.Thebabywillonlygetaclothtigerasagift.

B.JenniferDsmomwillsendwishesfromAustralia.

C.Jenniferwillgivebirthtoababyatthattime.

5.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.JenniferlivesaveryhappylifeinChina.

B.Thebabywillbeageneralinthefuture.

C.JenniferUsparentslikethestoryofHufu.

D

（2022湖南湘潭,D）

LiuMinisanEnglishteacher.Thesedays,herfamilyareexperiencingadifferentlifeofworkingandstudying.

Theygetupanddomorningexercisesat6:30inthelivingroom.Afterbreakfast,theystarttheirworkandstudy.Her

husbandturnsonhiscomputerinthestudy（書(shū)房），readinghise-mailsandmakingalistoftodayDswork.Before

LiuMinbeginstogivelessonsonline,shemakessureherstudents,includingherdaughter,areallthere.

BecauseofCOVID-19,manypeoplearenowworkingandstudyingathomelikethem,andtheyarecalled

telecommuters（居家辦公者）.Whentheyareworkingathome,theycanfollowtheirownplansandgetconnected

withtheworkplacesthroughtheInternet.

Workingathomebringsthemsomethinggood.Thereismoretimethanbeforetocommunicatewiththeirfamily

members.Whileworkingathome,theycanlookaftertheirchildren,too.Ontheotherhand,theysavemoretimeand

moneywithouttravelingtowork.Italsohelpsproducelesspollutionandfewertrafficproblems.However,thefamily

stillhopetheycancomebacktotheirnormallife.

ThankstotheChinesegovernment,thingsaregettingbetternow.Asamanager,thehusbandcantalkwithhis

workersfacetoface.LiuMinandherdaughtercanreturntoschool.

l.LiuMinLshusbanddoesthesethingsinthestudyexcept.

A.readinghise-mails

B.makingalistoftodayswork

C.doingmorningexercises

2.Fromthetext,whichofthefollowingisoneoftheadvantagesofworkingathome?

A.Theycanhavebigmealswithfamily.

B.Theycansavemoretimeandmoney.

C.Theycanlookaftertheiroldparents.

3.Inparagraph（段落）2,whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”referto（指代）？

A.LiuMinsfamily.

B.LiuMinDschildren.

C.LiuMindsstudents.

4.Accordingtothetext,wecanknowthat.

A.LiuMinisaChineseteacher

B.LiuMinisherdaughtersteacher

C.LiuMindsfamilydontneedtowork

5.Whatcanbethebesttitle（標(biāo)題）ofthetext?

A.DifferentWorkplaces

B.LiuMinDsTeachingOnline

C.WorkingandStudyingatHome

E

（2022湖南湘潭,E）

Recently,astudy（研究），publishedinBMCMedicine,foundthatsittinginfrontoftheTVforalongtimewas

ariskforpeopleshealth.

Afterscientistsuseddata（數(shù)據(jù)）on370,000people,covering12years,theyfoundabout9,000developedheart

disease.Theyfoundpeoplewithgenes（基因）ofheartproblemsweremorelikelytodevelopheartdisease.However,

theyfoundthatpeoplewithoutsuchgeneswatchingmorethanfourhoursofTVeverydaywerealsoatthegreatest

riskofheartdisease.Peoplespending2to3hoursadaywatchingTVhada6%lowerrisk.Andthosewhowatched

lessthananhourhada16%lowerrisk.ThescientistsoftheresearchteamfinallyfoundcuttingTVwatchingtime

tolessthananhouradaycouldprevent10%ofheartdisease.

Inlife,peoplewhowant“onemoreepisode（居U集）“mightbethegroupatahigherrisk,fortheyareeasyto

spendmorelimewatchingTV.IftheyhavemoresnackswhilewatchingTV,itmightaddtheriskofputtingtheir

heartsindanger.So,ifpeoplewanttowatchTVlonger,standingupandmovingthebody,orhangingoutwillwork.

ButlimitingtheirtimeonTVcouldbeamoreusefulwaytohelpthemavoidpossibleheartproblemsinthefuture.

1.Accordingtothetext,howlongdidtheresearchcover?

A.10years.B.12years.C.14years.

2.Fromparagraph2,whichofthefollowingisright?

A.PeoplewatchingonehourofTVareatthegreatestrisk.

B.ThelesstimepeoplespendonTV,thelowertheriskis.

C.WatchingTVistheonlyreasontodevelopheartdisease.

3.Whichbestexplains“l(fā)imiting"underlinedinparagraph3?

A.限制B.記錄C.花費(fèi)

4.Whereisthistextprobablyfrom?

A.Atourguide.

B.Astorybook.

C.Anewspaper.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.WeDdbetternotwatchTVmorethanonehouraday.

B.Hangingoutafterdinnerisgoodforourhearthealth.

C.HavingsnackswhilewatchingTVaddsrisksforheart.

第二節(jié)（共5小題,每小題2分，滿分10分）

（2022湖南湘潭）

閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。

Morethanfiftyyearshaspassedsincethefirstsatellite造衛(wèi)星）inChinawassentintospacein1970.From

thenon,manysuchinspiringmomentswereleftinourmemories.

ThelatestencouragingmomenthappenedonJune5th,2022.Shenzhou-14,ChinaCsninthmannedspaceflight

（載人宇宙飛行）,successfullysentChenDong,LiuYangandCaiXuzheintotheTiangongspacestation,wherethey

willworkandlivefor6months.Moreresearchworkwillbecompletedandgreatchallengesareaheadwaitingfor

them.

Yearsofpreparationsweremadeforthemoment.Forexample,enoughknowledgeandskillshelpeddealwith

problems;physicalandmental（心理的）traininghelpedtokeepthebestcondition.AlthoughitQsthesecondtime

forChenDongandLiuYangtoflyintospace,theyagainwithCaiXuzhereceivedhardtraining.AsforLiuYang,

nowamotheroftwoyoungkids,shebelievesitsherdutytodothatforourcountryandsetagoodexampleforher

children.

Thesuccessalsobelongstotheteam.Hundredsofengineersandworkersarebehindthem,offeringallkindsof

supportstohelpthemfinishmoretasks.

l.InChina,whenwasthefirstsatellitesentintospace?

2.Howlongwilltheastronautsstayinspace?

3.Whydidtheyreceivephysicalandmentaltraining?

4.Accordingtothetext,whowillhelptheastronautsfinishthetasks?

5.Whatdoyouthinkofthethreeastronauts?

第三部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分35分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

（2022湖南湘潭）

閱讀下面的短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

ZhangNingwasavolunteerattheWinterOlympicsin2022.Whenshewasinterviewedontheradio,sheshared

herstoriesand]withtheaudience.UIwas10yearsoldwhenBeijinghostedtheSummerOlympicsin2008.

WhenIwaswatchingTVand2theamazingperformances,Iwasexcited.”

ShecametoknowthatholdingtheOlympicswasachancetotellChinasstoriestotheworld,showingthe

worldamorebeautifulChina."ItDsawonderfulexperiencetobea3attheWinterOlympics14yearslater.It

mademychildhooddream4/'saidZhangNing.learnedalot,5Iwasbusyandtired.^^

Inorderto6betterservice,ZhangNingandherteamweretrainedseriously.Theyworkedhardinthe

faceofdifficulties.Oneofthemost7thingswasthecoldweather,assomeoftheworkwasoutside.Withmore

than300othervolunteers,shemighthaveworkedfbrabout1,000hours,likecheckingtemperaturesandtickets_8

atWukesongSportsCenter.

“I9forourathleteswhentheyweretryingtheirbest;Ifelt10proudwhenIsawournationalflag

risinghigh,tearsinmyeyes,“Shesaid,''Volunteeringisunusual.I11dosuchjobsagainandinvitemorepeopleto

joinus.”

▼

1.A.feelingsB.plansC.hobbies

2.A.preparingB.givingC.enjoying

3.A.playerB.volunteerC.coach

4.A.cometrueB.comeoutC.comeup

5.A.becauseB.unlessC.though

6.A.findB.provideC.take

7Adif仔cultB.differentC.dangerous

8.A.heavilyB.angrilyC.carefully

9.A.swamB.cheeredC.drove

lO.A.freelyB.hardlyC.truly

第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分）

（2022湖南湘潭）

閱讀下面的材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式,并將答案轉(zhuǎn)寫在答題卡上。

Shaoshanisafamouscity,thehometownofChairman（主席）MaoZedong.Heoncelived,studied,and_1_

（work）here.Shaoshanisacomfortableplacewithflowersblooming（開(kāi)花）andbirdssingingallyearround.

Shaoshanisaplace2isalmostinthemiddleofHunan,about40kilometersfromXiangtanCityand100

kilometersfromChangshaCity.

Asthehigh-speedtrainsareavailable,moreandmorepeoplecomehere3train.Forexample,itonly

4_（take）lessthanhalfanhourfromChangshaCitytoShaoshan.Othersstillwant5（drive）herewithfamilies

orfriends.IfpeoplecomehereonDecember26th,itwillbethe6（good）time.Onthatdaytherearealotof

celebrations,becauseitDsChairmanMaoDsbirthday.

7（Visitor）fromalloverthecountrycomeheretoshowtheirrespect.Theyalsolookforwardto_8

（watch）TheMostMemorableShaoshan（《最憶韶山?jīng)_》），whichcanhelpthembetterunderstandChairmanMao.

Theywillbedeeplymovedandencouraged.Besides,itisnotonly9goodplaceforstudentstohaveschool

trips,butalsoaneducationbasefor10（they）tolearnaboutthehistoryoftheCommunistPartyofChina（中

國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨）.

第三節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）

（2022湖南湘潭）

閱讀下面的短文，將畫線部分譯成英文或中文。

MaybeitDsnormalforyoutofeellonelyandnervousbecauseofthebadrelationsbetweenyouandyourfamily.

1.HereissomeadviceIhalmayhelp.

Iftherelationsbetweenyourparentsbecomedifficult,theymightargue.Whenithappens,itDslikeabig,black

cloudhangingoveryourhome.Atthattime,youdbetterlearntoofferhelp.2.你可以幫忙做更多的家務(wù),sothat

yourparentshavemoretimetocommunicatewitheachother.

Sometimes,itmaytroubleyouthatyourparentscaremoreaboutyourstudy.Whynottrytounderstandthem

and3.tellthemthatyouarestudyinghardtobecomebetter.

Also,fightsbetweenyouandyourbrotherarecommon.Forexample,healwaysrefusestoletyouwatchyour

favoriteprograms.Insteadhemaywatchwhateverhelikesuntillateatnight.Ofcourse,itDsunfair.However,

remembernottobeangrybecauseitisuseless.Sitdowntohaveatalkwithhim.4.這是一個(gè)與他相處的好辦法。

Believeitornot,5.communicatingandunderstandingisveryimportantforafamily.Ifallofyouarefriendly

andthinkmoreforeachother,relationswillbeimproved.

第四部分寫作技能（共1小題，滿分15分）

（2022湖南湘潭）

71.親愛(ài)的同學(xué)，恭喜你即將畢業(yè)。在過(guò)去的三年初中學(xué)習(xí)中，你的老師教導(dǎo)、關(guān)心、幫助過(guò)你。請(qǐng)你選擇一位

老師，表達(dá)你對(duì)他（她）的感激之情。

內(nèi)容包括：

1.你對(duì)這位老師的印象；

2.你感謝他（她）的原因；

3.你對(duì)他（她）的祝福。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)在80左右（開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）；

2.可適當(dāng)舉例或拓展；

3.文中不能出現(xiàn)可能透露真實(shí)身份的任何信息（如校名，師生名字等）。

It3stimeformetosaygoodbyetomyjuniorschoollife.ICmheretosaythanksto_.

2022年湘潭市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試

A

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是?篇應(yīng)用文,介紹了一則學(xué)生會(huì)的通知。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與自我”主題范疇中的“生活與學(xué)

習(xí)''這一主題群，涉及子主題“多彩、安全、有意義的學(xué)校生活

1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一句中的“OurheadmasterwillgiveusaspeechonSafety”可知選Co

2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Youresupposedto:"中的"3.takenotes.”可知選A。

B

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了一些有趣的課外活動(dòng)。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與自我”主題范疇中的“生活與

學(xué)習(xí)”這一主題群，涉及子主題“豐富、充實(shí)、積極向上的生活

1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第三行的內(nèi)容可知選B。

2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第五行的內(nèi)容可知選B。

3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第四行的內(nèi)容可知選A。

C

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文,主要介紹了一位澳大利亞女留學(xué)生Jennifer來(lái)中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)中文、愛(ài)上了中國(guó)文

化并且與一位湘潭本地男子結(jié)婚且即將生子的故事。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與社會(huì)”主題范疇中的“社會(huì)服務(wù)與人

際溝通”這一主題群，涉及子主題“跨文化溝通與交流，語(yǔ)言與文化”。

1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句"Fiveyearsago,Jennifer,agirlfromAustralia,cametoXiangtanUniversity

tostudyChinese.”可知選B。

2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Shehasalreadylearnedtomaketigerhatsandshoes...hopingherbaby

willgrowtobeasstrongasalittletiger.”可知選A。

3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Fatherhasdecidedwhenhisbabygrowsup,hewillteachthebabyto

drawpicturesoftigers.”可知選C。

4.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二、三句可推知,abigday暗指“她生孩子的日子工故選C。

5.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章結(jié)尾“Jenniferbelievesshewillbethehappiestmomintheworld.Whatawarmfamily!,,

可推知Jennifer在中國(guó)的生活很幸福，故選A。

D

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，講述了劉敏一家在疫情期間居家辦公、居家學(xué)習(xí)的情況。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與

社會(huì)''主題范疇中的“歷史、社會(huì)與文化”這一主題群，涉及子主題“社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)與國(guó)際事務(wù)”。

1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Herhusbandturnsonhiscomputerinthestudy,readinghise-mailsand

makingalistoftodayOswork.”可知A和B都是他在書(shū)房做的事情，而C選項(xiàng)中的事情不是在書(shū)房做的，故選

Co

2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ontheotherhand,theysavemoretimeandmoney”可知選Bo

3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處的Ihem指代前文介紹的劉敏一家人，故選A。

4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“...shemakessureherstudents,includingherdaughter,areallthere."可

知選B。

5.C主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thesedays,herfamilyareexperiencingadifferentlifeofworkingand

studying.”可知選Co

E

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇議論文,闡述了久坐看電視對(duì)人體健康的危害及減少看電視的時(shí)間危害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)會(huì)降低這

一觀點(diǎn)。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與自我”主題范疇中的“生活與學(xué)習(xí)”這一主題群，涉及子主題“身心健康，抗挫能力,

珍愛(ài)生命的意識(shí)

1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“covering12years”可知選B。

2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Peoplespending2to3hoursadaywatchingTVhada6%lowerrisk.And

thosewhowatchedlessthananhourhada16%lowerrisk.”可推知看電視時(shí)間越少,（患心臟病的）風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越小，故選

Bo

3.A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上下文可推知畫線詞所在句意為“但是限制他們花在電視上的時(shí)間會(huì)是一種幫助他

們避免將來(lái)可能出現(xiàn)的心臟疾患的更有用的方法“限制”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。

4.C推理判斷題。本文的主要內(nèi)容為闡述久坐看電視對(duì)人身體健康的危害，在報(bào)紙上被讀到的可能性最大。

故選C。

5.A主旨大意題。本文主要闡述了久坐看電視對(duì)人身體健康的危害及減少看電視的時(shí)間危害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)會(huì)降低的

觀點(diǎn)。故選A。

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。講述了中國(guó)成功地將載有三位宇航員的神舟14號(hào)發(fā)送到天宮一號(hào)的激動(dòng)人

心的大事件。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與社會(huì)”主題范疇中的“科學(xué)與技術(shù)”這一主題群，涉及子主題“科學(xué)技術(shù)與工程,

人類發(fā)明與創(chuàng)新

l.In1970.根據(jù)文章第一句"MorethanfiftyyearshaspassedsincethefirstsatelliteinChinawassentintospace

in1970.”可知答案。

2.Theywillstayinspacefor6months.根據(jù)第二段中的"wheretheywillworkandlivefor6months”可知答案。

3.Becausephysicalandmentaltrainingcouldhelptokeepthebestcondition.根據(jù)第三段中的“physicaland

mentaltraininghelpedtokeepthebestcondition”可知答案。

4.Hundredsofengineersandworkerswillhelptheastronautsfinishthetasks.根據(jù)最后一段結(jié)尾句"Hundredsof

engineersandworkersarebehindthem,offeringallkindsofsupportstohelpthemfinishmoretasks.“可知答案。

5.1thinktheyarebrave.（開(kāi)放性試題，言之有理即可°）

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文,介紹了張寧在2022年北京冬奧會(huì)時(shí)當(dāng)志愿者的經(jīng)歷和感受。主題語(yǔ)境屬于

“人與社會(huì)”主題范疇中的“社會(huì)服務(wù)與人際溝通”這一主題群，涉及子主題“志愿服務(wù)與公共服務(wù)”。

1.A根據(jù)第一段結(jié)尾處的Iwasexcited可知,她向觀眾分享了她的故事和感受。故選A。

2.C根據(jù)本句語(yǔ)境和空格后的performances可知所填詞為“欣賞”,A、B兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)用于此邏輯不通。故選C。

3.B結(jié)合第一段第一句可知她在14年之后成為了冬奧會(huì)的一名志愿者。故選B。

4.A本句意為“它使我的童年夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)了”。故選A。

5.C結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知所填詞應(yīng)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故選Co

6.B根據(jù)上文可知張寧是志愿者，為他人提供服務(wù)。故選B。

7.A根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，冬奧會(huì)有很多工作在室外寒冷的地方進(jìn)行，因此寒冷的天氣是他們遇到的最大的困難之

一o故選A。

8.C根據(jù)本句中的checkingtemperaturesandtickets可推知空格處填carefully,認(rèn)真檢查體溫和檢票是志愿者

工作。故選C。

9.Bcheerforsb.意為“為某人歡呼，鼓勵(lì)某人“，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知答案選B。

10.C根據(jù)本句語(yǔ)境可知,“當(dāng)我看見(jiàn)我們的國(guó)旗高高升起時(shí)，我衷心地感到驕傲，淚水充滿了眼眶“，故選C。

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了偉大領(lǐng)袖毛澤東主席的家鄉(xiāng)韶山這一城市的基本信息及其作為紅

色教育基地所發(fā)揮的重要作用。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與社會(huì)''主