江蘇省南通市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（含聽(tīng)力）（解析版）

2021-2022學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中考試高二英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmanybookscanapersonborrowatmost?A.Seven. B.Eight. C.Eleven.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,I’dliketoborrowtheseeightbooks.Hereisthelibrarycard.M:OK,letmesee…Er,I’mafraidyouhavetoreturnoneofthem.You’veborrowedfourbooksalready,right?There’salimittothenumberofbooksapersoncancheckout.W:Allright.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Checkinginhisluggage. B.Lookingforhisbelongings. C.Depositingthebaggage.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Iseemtohavelostmyluggage.W:Don’tworry.Letmeattempttoassistyou.Whichflightwereyouon?M:FlightGT1006.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whyshouldthespeakerscelebrateaccordingtotheman?A.Foranewmovie. B.Forthewoman’sreturn. C.Forthewoman’spromotion.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Let’scelebrateyourreturnwithamovie.Mytreat!M:Ithinkweshouldgettogethernowthatyouhavebeenpromoted.W:OK.Iheardthatanewfilmisshowing.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherearethespeakersmostprobably?A.Inanoffice. B.Inashoppingmall. C.Attheseaside.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ican’twaittogetoutofworkandgototheshoppingmall.IwilldrivetheretobuyChristmaspresentsformykids.W:Wow,yourkidsmustbeveryhappy.I’mgoingtotakemysononatripabroad,tosomewherewarmer,probablytheseaside.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtokeepahealthydiet.B.Whattheyhaveforbreakfast.CTheimportanceofdrinkingmilk.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whatdoyouusuallyeatforbreakfast?Ionlyhaveapieceofbreadandacupofcoffee.M:Oh,Ieatmuchmorethanyoudo.Aboiledegg,bacon,somevegetablesandmostimportantly,acupofpuremilk.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemansayaboutapples?A.They’reexpensive. B.Theylookfresh. C.Theyaren’ttasty.7.Howmucharestrawberries?A.10dollarsakilo. B.15dollarsabasket. C.25dollarsakilo.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Howmuchareyousellingtheseapplesfor?W:Theyaretendollarsakilo.M:Buttheydon’tlooksofresh.Idon’tthinkit’sworththeprice.W:OK.Icansellthematninedollarsakilo.M:Deal.I’llbuyfivekilos.W:Wouldyoulikeanythingelse?Howaboutthesestrawberries?Only15dollarsabasketItsoriginalpricewas25dollarsakilo.Itwasdeliveredthismorning.M:I’llconsideritifyoucancutdowntheprice.W:I’msorry,that’sthefinalprice.M:Alright.I’llpayfortheapples.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheboy?A.Toaskhimwherehewouldgo.B.Tocomforthimforleavingthisplace.C.Toaskforhisopinionaboutmoving.9.Whereisthewomanplanningtomove?A.Undecided. B.Hermother’shouse. C.Herhusband’shometown.10.Howdoestheboysoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Sad. B.Excited. C.Dissatisfied.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】【原文】W:Sam,Ineedtohaveatalkwithyou.M:Sure.Whatisit?W:YourdadandIhavebeenthinkingofmovingtoanothercity.Iwanttolistentoyouropinion.M:I’mOKwiththat.Butwherearewemovingto?W:Wehaven’tdecidedyet.Maybesomewherenearertoyourgranny’splace.M:Wow,that’swonderful.Iliketalkingwithgranny.Shetoldmealotaboutyourchildhood.W:Really?I’mgladyouagreetoit.Ithoughtyouwouldbesadtoleaveyourfriends.M:Comeon.It’snotthatfar.Wecanvisiteachothereasily.CanIhavemyownroom?W:Ofcourse,yoursisterwillbemovingintodormitorynextsemester.M:Ohgod.That’sgoodnews.W:Youwillmissher.Youneverknow.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Whatisthenoticeaboutaccordingtotheman?A.Aholiday. B.Avolunteerproject. C.Aparty.12.Whoisgoodatplayingthepiano?A.Theman. B.Julia. C.Max.13.Wherewillthespeakersprobablygonext?A.Thelibrary. B.Theteacher’soffice. C.Theclassroom.【答案】11.C12.A13.B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyoubeentothestudentaffairsoffice?M:Yes.Whatdoyoumeanbythat?W:Maxtoldmetherewasanoticeaboutwinterholiday.M:Oh?ButwhatIsawwasanoticeabouttheNewYear’sEvegala.Schoolisrecruitingvolunteerstoperformonthestage.W:Really?That’sfantastic.Wouldyouliketosignup?Iknowyouplaythepianoverywell.M:Howaboutyou?Dancingisyourstrength.W:IfIcanfindsomeonetodancewith,I’lljoinin.M:IrecommendJulia.ShewonfirstprizeinthedancingcompetitionasfarasIknow.W:Whereisshenow?Inthelibraryorintheclassroom?M:No,Isawherjustafewminutesago.Shesaidsheneededtoasktheteachersomequestions.W:Let’sgoandfindhernow.Sowecansignuptogether.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.WhydoesDavidcomehere?A.Tosendapackage. B.Topickuphispackage. C.Tomakeacomplaint.15.WhatistherelationshipbetweenDavidandJane?A.Strangers. B.Brotherandsister. C.Oldfriends.16.WhatdidDavidputintothepackage?A.Someclothes. B.Somemoney. C.Somegiftsforkids.17.WhatdoesDavidworryabout?A.Thefood. B.Thesafetyofthepackage. C.Thecostofsendingthepackage.【答案】14.C15.B16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.Canyoufindsomeonetohelpme?W:Yes,sir.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Aweekago,IcamehereandsentapackagebyairmailtomysisterinChina.Theassistantheretoldmeitwouldarriveinfivedays.ButIcalledmysisterlastnight.Shetoldmethatshedidn’tgetanynotice.W:I’msorry,sir.Letmecheckitforyou.Doyoubringtheexpresswaybillwithyou?M:Yeah.Hereyouare.W:Waitamoment,please…YournameisDavidandtherecipientisJane,right?Thecomputersaystheflightwasdelayedduetothebadweather.Therecipientwillgettheparceltonightatthelatest.M:Areyousureaboutthat?Thepackageisn’tvaluable,justsomelocalfoodandchildren’stoys.Ihopethefoodinsidewon’tgobad.W:Don’tworry.Sheisboundtoreceiveittonight.Fooddoesn’tgobadeasilyinsuchcoldweather.M:OK.Butnexttime,I’llchooseanotherwaytosendtheparcel.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】18.HowdidthespeakergettoNewYork?A.Bycar. B.Byplane. C.Bycoach.19.ForwhomdidthespeakermainlysetoutforNewYork?A.Hercolleague. B.ATVproducer. C.Herbestfriend.20.WhendidthespeakergotoFlorida?A.Whenhersonwasfourweeksold.B.Whenhersonwaseightmonthsold.C.AbouttwomonthsaftershewenttoNewYork.【答案】18.A19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:Sincehavingmyson,IhavefoundthatIamalwaysluckyenoughtobesurroundedbypeoplewillingtohelp.Whenhewaseightweeksold,IhadanopportunitytomeetwithaTVproducerinNewYorktotalkaboutmycareer.CouldI,ayoungmotherwithanewbornbaby,drivefrommyhomeoutsideBostontomeethimonWednesday?Itwasararechance.SoIsaidyes.Honestly,itwastough.Mysonhatedbeinginthecarseatandateveryfrequentlyduringthelongride.WhenwearrivedinNewYork,Ihandedmysonovertomyfriendfromcollege.Adadhimself,helookedaftermysoninacoffeeshopduringmymeeting.Everythingwentfinethankstohishelp.Whenmysonwasfourmonthsold,mybestfriendwasgoingthroughadifficulttime.SoIdecidedtoflytoFloridatocomforther.ButIfigureditcouldn’tbeworsethandrivingtoNewYork.Amazingly,peopleImetonourtripwereendlesslyhelpful.Theairlineworkergotmeanextraseat.Taxidrivershelpedmefastenhiscarseat.Ifyouwantanopportunitytoseethegoodinpeople,trytakingababyonatrip.Inmyexperience,whenface-to-face,mostpeoplesincerelywanttotakecareofeachother.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACologne,GermanyThechocolatecapitalofGermany,CologneisthehomeoftheStollwerckchocolatecompany.Forthe150thanniversaryofthecompany,museumexhibitwascreatedtocelebratetheirhistory.Sincethen,theexhibithasgrownintoanentiremuseum.TheImhoffStollwerckmuseumhasinteractiveexhibits,samplesandagiantchocolatefountain.TainL'Hermitage,FranceTainL'Hermitageisthehomeoftheworld-renownedchocolateproducer,Valrhona.AgreatstopistheValrhonaEcoleduGrandChocolate,aschoolthatteachesprofessionalchefs,chocolatiersandcaterers.Theyevenhostathree-daycoursethatteachesamateurshowtomakedesserts.Hershey,AmericaDubbed"theSweetestPlaceonEarth",thetownoriginallycalledDerryChurchwasrenamedHersheyin1906duetothepopularityofHersheychocolates.Chocolate-townhasbrandeditselfasanAmericanchocolatecenterandsomepopularchocolateattractionsincludeHershey'sChocolateWorld,TheHersheyStoryMuseumandTheChocolateSpa.Zurich,SwitzerlandSwitzerlandconsumesmorechocolateperpersonthananyothercountry,andwithworld-renownedcompanieslikeCailler-Nestle,LindtandSprunglicallingithomeit'snowonder.Zurichistheheartofchocolateproductioninthecountry.Foratrulyuniqueexperience,theSwissTravelSystem,alongwithCailler-Nestle,offersanexcursionon''TheSwissChocolateTrain''.ThetraindepartsfromMontreuxandmakesastopinGruyereswhereGruyerecheeseismadebeforefinallyarrivinginBrocwhereguestsgetatouroftheCailler-Nestlefactory.21.Whichbestsuitschocolateloverswhoenjoymakingchocolatesbythemselves?A.Cologne,German B.TainL'Hermitage,FranceC.Hershey,America D.Zurich,Switzerland22.WhydoeschocolateloverschooseSwitzerland?A.Tolearnhowtomakingchocolates.B.Toenjoytheworldofchocolates.C.Topayavisittochocolateplant.D.Tohavesomeinteractivefun.23.Whatdotheplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyhostbigdisplays.B.TheyarelocatedinEurope.C.Theyarenotedfortheirchocolates.D.Theyarefavoredbydessertslovers.【答案】21.B22.C23.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)以巧克力著名的旅游目的地?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TainL'Hermitage,France中“AgreatstopistheValrhonaEcoleduGrandChocolate,aschoolthatteachesprofessionalchefs,chocolatiersandcaterers.”(ValrhonaEcoleduGrandChocolate是很好的一站，這所學(xué)校教授專業(yè)廚師、巧克力師和餐飲師。)可知，TainL'Hermitage最適合喜歡自己動(dòng)手制作巧克力的巧克力愛(ài)好者。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Zurich,Switzerland中“ThetraindepartsfromMontreuxandmakesastopinGruyereswhereGruyerecheeseismadebeforefinallyarrivinginBrocwhereguestsgetatouroftheCailler-Nestlefactory.”(火車從Montreux出發(fā)，在Gruyeres停留，那里是格魯耶爾奶酪的生產(chǎn)地，最后到達(dá)Broc，客人可以參觀Cailler-Nestle工廠。)可知，巧克力愛(ài)好者選擇瑞士是因?yàn)榭梢詤⒂^巧克力工廠。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cologne,Germany中“ThechocolatecapitalofGermany,CologneisthehomeoftheStollwerckchocolatecompany.”(作為德國(guó)的巧克力之都，科隆是斯托爾韋克巧克力公司的所在地。)TainL'Hermitage,France中“AgreatstopistheValrhonaEcoleduGrandChocolate,aschoolthatteachesprofessionalchefs,chocolatiersandcaterers.”(ValrhonaEcoleduGrandChocolate是很好的一站，這所學(xué)校教授專業(yè)廚師、巧克力師和餐飲師。)Hershey,America中“Chocolate-townhasbrandeditselfasanAmericanchocolatecenterandsomepopularchocolateattractionsincludeHershey'sChocolateWorld,TheHersheyStoryMuseumandTheChocolateSpa.”(巧克力鎮(zhèn)已將自己打造成美國(guó)的巧克力中心，一些受歡迎的巧克力景點(diǎn)包括好時(shí)巧克力世界、好時(shí)故事博物館和巧克力水療中心。)以及Zurich,Switzerland中“ThetraindepartsfromMontreuxandmakesastopinGruyereswhereGruyerecheeseismadebeforefinallyarrivinginBrocwhereguestsgetatouroftheCailler-Nestlefactory.”(火車從Montreux出發(fā)，在Gruyeres停留，那里是格魯耶爾奶酪的生產(chǎn)地，最后到達(dá)Broc，客人可以參觀Cailler-Nestle工廠。)可知，這些地點(diǎn)的共同點(diǎn)都是因?yàn)榍煽肆Χ雒?。故選C項(xiàng)。BEveryonehasheardthephrase,“givingupisnotanoption”.Manydisregarditanddonotbelieveinit.Butthissmallyeteffectivephrasegivesastrongmessage.Therewillalwaysbesomethingthatinterruptsorcausesinconvenienceinthejourneytoachievethedreams.Butthatshouldnotdriveoneawayfromthepaththattheyareon.FittingthecontextperfectlyisthestoryofIanWilliam.Popularlyknownasthe“SocialGolfer",IanWilliamisanaccountant,lecturer,author,andaformergolfplayer.Hedreamedofplayinggolfatchildhood.Hewouldoftenobserveplayersplayingfromadistance.Heworkedhardandchangedhisfinanciallimitations.Thenhebeganpracticinginvariousgolfmatches.Duetohisdevotionandloveforthesport,hepickedupthetechniquesquicklyandsoonbeganplayingasaprofessional.HealsodreamedofparticipatingintheSeniorGolfTourinthecoiningyear.However,in1996,Ianwasdiagnosedwithatumorintheleftpartofhisbrain,whichaffectedhishearingfromtherightsideanddamagedhisbalancenerve.Heunderwenttwosurgeriesin1997withasmileandahopetobecured.Althoughthesurgeriesweresuccessful,Iancaughtmeningitiswhilerecoveringfromit.Apartfrombeinghopefulandoptimistic,therewasnootherwayIancouldcopewiththesituation.Justasthingshadbeguntonormalize,in2006,Ian'sbodywasaffectedbyamajorstroke.Thisstrokenumbedtheleftsideofhisbody.Hislife-longdreamofparticipatinginagolftournamentcouldnotbefulfilledanymore.Iantookhistimetorecoverandcamebackevenstronger.Hewantedtoinspiremillionswithhisjourneyanddecidedtosharehisexperiencesthroughabook.Ianhasnowpublishedhis3rdbookStillCrazyAfterAllTheseYearsin2020.24.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1referto?A.Theoption. B.Themessage. C.Thebarrier. D.Thedream.25.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.Williamshowedtalentingolfasachild.B.Thelackofmoneypreventedhimpracticinggolfatanearlyage.C.William'sroadtobecomingaprofessionalgolferwassmooth.D.TalentandambitionmadeWilliamlearnquickly.26.WhichofthefollowinghelpsWilliamfacetheillnessesaccordingtothepassage?A.Doctors'comfort B.Family'ssupport.C.Advicefromthebooks. D.Hopeandoptimism.27.WhatcanwelearnfromWilliam'sstory?A.Moveforwardwhateverhappens. B.Lovewinsoverillness.C.Seizeeveryopportunitytolearn. D.Luckfavorsreadyminds.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了IanWilliam從小喜歡高爾夫球，通過(guò)自己的努力很快開(kāi)始作為一名職業(yè)球員打球。但是他卻被診斷出患有腦瘤，之后還經(jīng)歷了中風(fēng)，但這些都沒(méi)有打敗William，他通過(guò)充滿希望和樂(lè)觀慢慢地恢復(fù)，還把自己的經(jīng)歷寫成了書來(lái)激勵(lì)他人?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Therewillalwaysbesomethingthatinterruptsorcausesinconvenienceinthejourneytoachievethedreams.(在實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的過(guò)程中，總會(huì)有一些事情打斷或引起不便)”以及后文“shouldnotdriveoneawayfromthepaththattheyareon”可知，在實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的過(guò)程中，總會(huì)有一些事情打斷或引起不便。但這些障礙不應(yīng)該使人偏離他們所走的道路，即that指的是“障礙”。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hedreamedofplayinggolfatchildhood.Hewouldoftenobserveplayersplayingfromadistance.Heworkedhardandchangedhisfinanciallimitations.(他從小就夢(mèng)想打高爾夫球。他經(jīng)常在遠(yuǎn)處觀察球員打球。他努力工作，改變了自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)限制)”可推知，由于缺錢，他從小就不能練習(xí)高爾夫球。故選B?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Heunderwenttwosurgeriesin1997withasmileandahopetobecured.Althoughthesurgeriesweresuccessful,Iancaughtmeningitiswhilerecoveringfromit.Apartfrombeinghopefulandoptimistic,therewasnootherwayIancouldcopewiththesituation.(1997年，他接受了兩次手術(shù)，帶著微笑和治愈的希望。雖然手術(shù)很成功，但I(xiàn)an在康復(fù)過(guò)程中感染了腦膜炎。除了充滿希望和樂(lè)觀，Ian沒(méi)有別的辦法來(lái)應(yīng)付這種情況)”可知，是希望和樂(lè)觀幫助William面對(duì)疾病。故選D。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Everyonehasheardthephrase,“givingupisnotanoption”.Manydisregarditanddonotbelieveinit.Butthissmallyeteffectivephrasegivesastrongmessage.Therewillalwaysbesomethingthatinterruptsorcausesinconvenienceinthejourneytoachievethedreams.Butthatshouldnotdriveoneawayfromthepaththattheyareon.FittingthecontextperfectlyisthestoryofIanWilliam.(每個(gè)人都聽(tīng)過(guò)這句話：“放棄不是一種選擇”。許多人無(wú)視它，也不相信它。但是這個(gè)小而有效的短語(yǔ)傳達(dá)了一個(gè)強(qiáng)烈的信息。在實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的過(guò)程中，總會(huì)有一些事情打斷或引起不便。但這不應(yīng)使人們偏離他們正在走的道路。IanWilliam的故事正好符合這一背景)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了IanWilliam從小喜歡高爾夫球，通過(guò)自己的努力很快開(kāi)始作為一名職業(yè)球員打球。但是他卻被診斷出患有腦瘤，之后還經(jīng)歷了中風(fēng)，但這些都沒(méi)有打敗William，他通過(guò)充滿希望和樂(lè)觀慢慢地恢復(fù)，還把自己的經(jīng)歷寫成了書來(lái)激勵(lì)他人?？赏浦?，我們可以從William的故事中學(xué)到“無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，都要向前走”的道理。故選A。CAteenagerof17walksintoacornerstoreandgrabsaCoca-Cola,butthecashierrefusestosellittohimbecauseheisunderage.ThatruleisexpectedtosoonbecomerealityinpartsofMexico,aslawmakersinseveralstatespushlegislation(立法)tokeepjunkfoodawayfromchildren.knowitcansoundabitdifficultbutwehavetotakeactionnow,"saysLopez,alawmakerinOaxaca'sCongress.Morethan70,000MexicanshavediedfromCOVID-19,theworld'sfourth-highestrecordeddeathtoll,trackedbyJohnsHopkinsUniversity.89%ofthosewhodiedinMexicohadanunderlyingmedicalconditionsuchasobesity,diabetes(糖尿病)，highbloodpressureandheartproblems.Thathasledtoanewurgencytochangedietssothattheyoungergenerationdoesn'tsufferthoseillnesses.Thecritics,however,saytheleadersareusingpreexistinghealthconditionsinCOVID-19patientstodistractfromaweakgovernmentresponsetothevirusoutbreak.Yetfewpeoplewoulddenythatthecountryconsumeslargeamountsofsugar-sweeteneddrinksandprocessedsnackswithlittlenutrition---orthatMexicohasamajorweightproblem.Oaxaca'sgovernorapprovedthestate'sjunkfoodprohibitionlastweek.Legislatorsstillhavetocompletethelegalsystems,andpunishmentcouldincludefinesandevenjail.Lopezsayslegislatorsfromalloverthecountryhavecalledherforadvice.Manyotherstatesaredebatingajunkfoodban.However,anationwidelawwouldnotbeeasy."Therearepowerfulcommercialintereststhatleastwantittohappen,butwemustprioritizethewell-beingofourchildren,"Lopezsays.28.WhatisLopez'sattitudetowardsthejunkfood?A.Negative. B.Neutral.C.Positive. D.Indifferent.29Whatdoestheunderlinedword"distract"meaninparagraph3?A.Keepdistance. B.Avoidillnesses.C.Breakaway. D.Shiftattention.30.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.SellingchildrenjunkfoodhasbeenbannednationwideinMexico.B.MostMexicanswhodiedofCOVID-19hadotherhealthproblems.C.Theyoungergenerationdoesn'tsufferanyweightproblems.D.PeoplewhobreaktheprohibitioninOaxacawillonlybewarned.31.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whoaremostlikelytoopposethelegislation?A.Teenagers. B.Legislators.C.Softdrinkcompanies. D.Stategovernors.【答案】28.A29.D30.B31.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，介紹了墨西哥瓦哈卡州正在推動(dòng)立法，禁止兒童食用垃圾食品?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ThatruleisexpectedtosoonbecomerealityinpartsofMexico,aslawmakersinseveralstatespushlegislation(立法)tokeepjunkfoodawayfromchildren.knowitcansoundabitdifficultbutwehavetotakeactionnow,"saysLopez,alawmakerinOaxaca'sCongress.”(這一規(guī)定預(yù)計(jì)很快將在墨西哥部分地區(qū)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，因?yàn)橐恍┲莸牧⒎ㄕ哒谕苿?dòng)立法，禁止兒童食用垃圾食品。我知道這聽(tīng)起來(lái)有點(diǎn)困難，但我們現(xiàn)在必須采取行動(dòng)，”瓦哈卡州會(huì)議員洛佩茲說(shuō))可知，洛佩茲對(duì)垃圾食品持否定態(tài)度，故選A?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的“aweakgovernmentresponsetothevirusoutbreak.”可知，政府在應(yīng)對(duì)新冠病毒上是乏力的，因此此處是說(shuō)批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人拿新冠患者先前存在的健康狀況當(dāng)借口來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)移公眾對(duì)政府應(yīng)對(duì)乏力的注意力，由此可知?jiǎng)澗€詞詞義為“轉(zhuǎn)移注意力”，故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Morethan70,000MexicanshavediedfromCOVID-19,theworld'sfourth-highestrecordeddeathtoll,trackedbyJohnsHopkinsUniversity.89%ofthosewhodiedinMexicohadanunderlyingmedicalconditionsuchasobesity,diabetes(糖尿病)，highbloodpressureandheartproblems.”(據(jù)約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)的數(shù)據(jù)，超過(guò)7萬(wàn)墨西哥人死于新冠病毒，這是世界上有記錄以來(lái)死亡人數(shù)第四高的病毒。在墨西哥，89%的死者有潛在的疾病，如肥胖、糖尿病、高血壓和心臟病)可知，很多死于新冠病毒的墨西哥人有其他健康問(wèn)題，故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“"Therearepowerfulcommercialintereststhatleastwantittohappen,butwemustprioritizethewell-beingofourchildren,"Lopezsays.”(“有強(qiáng)大的商業(yè)利益集團(tuán)最不希望這種情況發(fā)生，但我們必須優(yōu)先考慮我們孩子的福祉”)并結(jié)合第一段“Ateenagerof17walksintoacornerstoreandgrabsaCoca-Cola,butthecashierrefusestosellittohimbecauseheisunderage.”(一個(gè)17歲的少年走進(jìn)街角的一家商店，拿了一瓶可口可樂(lè)，但是收銀員拒絕賣給他，因?yàn)樗€未成年)可知，飲料公司的利益受到的沖擊最大，最有可能反對(duì)這項(xiàng)立法，故選C。DTreescanbenefittheenvironmentinavastnumberofways.Notonlydotheyturncarbondioxideintooxygen,thusprovidingthebasisoftheenvironmentwhichsustainsalllifeonEarth,buttheycanalsocleartheairofpollutantsanddangeroussubstances.Duetothis,theyareoftenusedbyurbanplannerstoreduceairandnoisepollution,aswellasbeautifyareas.However,whenitcomestotheirroleaspollution-fightersincities,treesalsohavesomedownsides.Firstly,theytakealongtimetogrowandsecondly,dense(密集的)urbanareasarealsonotidealforplantinglargenumbersoftrees,anditisoftentheseareasthataremostinneedofpollutionreduction.That’swhyaMexicanstartup,BiomiTech,hascreatedanartificialtreecalled“BioUrban”thatcandotheworkofanentiresmallforest.Thetree,whichusesaspecialmicroalgae(微藻)developedbyBiomiTechtocarryouttheprocessesofnaturaltrees,couldbeonewayofimprovingairqualityinareaslackingingreenspaces.Measuring4.2meterstallandnearly3meterswide,theBioUrbanlookssomethinglikeacrossbetweenatreeandapost-modernisthigh-rise,withasteeltrunkthatradiatesrisingbandsofconcentricmetal.AfterpollutedairhasenteredtheBioUrban,thealgaegetstowork,usingnaturalprocessestoturnthepollutantsintocleanoxygen.ThecompanyclaimsthatasingleBioUrbancoulddotheworkofaround368realtrees—pumpingout2,890cleanbreathfulsofairaday.Mexicoiscertainlynostrangertoairpollution.Onaverage,MexicoCityoftenhasasuspendedairpollutantdensitytwicetheWorldHealthOrganization’smaximumrecommendedamount.ItisnotuncommoninMexicoCityforschoolstobeclosed,andpeopleurgedtostayindoors,duetothelevelsofpollutioninthecity.Thevastmajorityofthispollutioncomesfromthecity’sestimated3millioncars.Thedenseurbannatureofthecityalsomeansitisoftendifficulttocreatemeaningfullysizedparksincertainareas.ItisBiomiTech’sgoaltoprovideviable(切實(shí)可行的)solutionsfortheselocations,andtoreduceairpollutionincertaintargetedareas,suchasaroundschools,hospitalsandhomesfortheelderly,aswellasplacesfrequentedbypedestrians.Currently,BiomiTechhasinstalledthreeBioUrbantreesacrossCentralandSouthAmericaOnehasbeen“planted”inPuebla,Mexico--thehomeofBiomiTech,whiletheothershavebeensenttoColombiaandPeru.TurkeyhasrecentlyputinanorderfortwoBioUrbans,whileMexicoCityandMonterreyinnorthernMexicoarealsoeyeinguptheproject.DespitetheclaimsofefficiencyoftheBioUrban,JaimeFerrier,afoundingpartnerinBiomiTech,isalsoeagertoinsistBiomiTechisn’touttosupersedetreesinurbanareas,onlytoprovidesolutionsforareaswhereplantingtreesisnotviable.32.WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowinParagraph1?A.Growingtreesisn’tthathelpfultoday. B.Denseurbanareaslacktreesforareason.C.Treesarereallybeneficialtotheenvironment. D.Usingtreestofightpollutionincitieshaslimitations33.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBioUrban?A.Itlooksexactlylikearealtree. B.Itcanhandleairpollutantsefficiently.C.Itcanrootouttheurbanairpollution. D.Itcan’tproducemuchoxygenatpresent.34.WhyisMexicoCitymentionedinthepassage?A.Totellusabouttheharmofairpollution. B.ToshowsuchcitiesreallyneedtheBioUrban.C.Todrawattentiontothecity’spollutionproblem D.ToexplainwhyBiomiTechinventedtheBioUrban.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“supersede”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Involve. B.Reduce. C.Replace. D.Violate.【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文時(shí)一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了墨西哥的一家初創(chuàng)公司BiomiTech創(chuàng)造了一種名為“BioUrban”的人造樹(shù)，可以完成整個(gè)小森林的工作。這種樹(shù)利用BiomiTech開(kāi)發(fā)的一種特殊微藻來(lái)執(zhí)行自然樹(shù)木的過(guò)程，可能是改善缺乏綠地地區(qū)空氣質(zhì)量的一種方法?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一自然段“Treescanbenefittheenvironmentinavastnumberofways.Notonlydotheyturncarbondioxideintooxygen,thusprovidingthebasisoftheenvironmentwhichsustainsalllifeonEarth,buttheycanalsocleartheairofpollutantsanddangeroussubstances.Duetothis,theyareoftenusedbyurbanplannerstoreduceairandnoisepollution,aswellasbeautifyareas.However,whenitcomestotheirroleaspollution-fightersincities,treesalsohavesomedownsides.Firstly,theytakealongtimetogrowandsecondly,dense(密集的)urbanareasarealsonotidealforplantinglargenumbersoftrees,anditisoftentheseareasthataremostinneedofpollutionreduction.(樹(shù)木在很多方面都有益于環(huán)境。它們不僅能將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為氧氣，從而為維持地球上所有生命的環(huán)境提供基礎(chǔ)，而且還能清除空氣中的污染物和危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)。因此，城市規(guī)劃者經(jīng)常使用它們來(lái)減少空氣和噪音污染，以及美化地區(qū)。然而，當(dāng)它們?cè)诔鞘兄邪缪菸廴緫?zhàn)士的角色時(shí)，樹(shù)木也有一些缺點(diǎn)。首先，它們需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能生長(zhǎng)；其次，人口稠密的城市地區(qū)也不適合種植大量樹(shù)木，而這些地區(qū)往往最需要減少污染。)”可知，第一段的重點(diǎn)在于However后面內(nèi)容。作者主要想表達(dá)的是用樹(shù)防治城市污染有其局限性，因而引起下文人造樹(shù)的話題。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段“…anartificialtreecalled"BioUrban"thatcandotheworkofanentiresmallforest…couldbeonewayofimprovingairqualityinareaslackingingreenspaces.(人造樹(shù)可以完成整個(gè)小森林的工作……可能是改善缺乏綠地地區(qū)空氣質(zhì)量的一種方法。)”可知，BioUrban可以有效處理污染物。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四自然段“Mexicoiscertainlynostrangertoairpollution.Onaverage,MexicoCityoftenhasasuspendedairpollutantdensitytwicetheWorldHealthOrganization'smaximumrecommendedamount.ItisnotuncommoninMexicoCityforschoolstobeclosed,andpeopleurgedtostayindoors,duetothelevelsofpollutioninthecity.(墨西哥當(dāng)然對(duì)空氣污染并不陌生。平均而言，墨西哥城的懸浮空氣污染物濃度通常是世界衛(wèi)生組織最高建議濃度的兩倍。由于墨西哥城的污染水平，學(xué)校被關(guān)閉，人們被敦促呆在室內(nèi)，這在墨西哥城并不罕見(jiàn)。)”可知，文章提到墨西哥城是為了表明這樣的城市需要人造樹(shù)BioUrban。故選B?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段“DespitetheclaimsofefficiencyoftheBioUrban,JaimeFerrier,afoundingpartnerinBiomiTech,isalsoeagertoinsistBiomiTechisn’touttosupersedetreesinurbanareas,onlytoprovidesolutionsforareaswhereplantingtreesisnotviable.(盡管BioCitech的創(chuàng)始合伙人杰米·費(fèi)里爾聲稱BioCitech的效率很高，但他也急切地堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，BioCitech并不是要......城市地區(qū)的樹(shù)木，而是要為無(wú)法植樹(shù)的地區(qū)提供解決方案。)”中的“isn’t”和“onlytoprovidesolutions”可知，BiomiTech并不是要取代城市地區(qū)的樹(shù)木，而是要為無(wú)法植樹(shù)的地區(qū)提供解決方案。由此可知，劃線單詞“supersede”與C項(xiàng)“Replace(代替)”意思一樣，A.Involve涉及；B.Reduce減少；D.Violate違背，違反，均不符合。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover.Wehaveheardthatadviceoverandoveragain.Anditmakessense.Whyshouldwejudgesomeonewhoisoverweightsimplybyhowtheylook?Ithasnothingtodowiththemasaperson,anditsaysnothingaboutalltheyhaveachievedinlife.___36___Weshouldnotjudgethemashealthysimplybecausetheyarethin.Wecaresomuchaboutweightthatwethinkthosewhosucceedinkeepinga"healthyweight"mustbehealthy.Manystudieshaveshownthatbeingoverweightincreasestheriskofdiabetes,heartdisease,andevendeath.___37___Somestudiesjustlookatpounds.Someusebodymassindex(BMI)whichincludesbothheightandweightmeasurements.Butneitheronesaysanythingaboutoverallhealthforsure.Insomestudies,aperson'sfitnesshasbeenshowntobemoreimportantthanoverallweight.Thatmeansthoseat"normal"weight,butbelowaveragefitnesscouldbeathigherriskthanfitterandheavierpeople.___38___Ifyouarethinandwanttoknowifyourhealthmaybeatrisk,wholebodyMRIs(磁共振成像)cantellyouifyouareaT