選修8 Unit 23 課下主題訓(xùn)練 良好的人際關(guān)系與社會(huì)交往

PAGE第1頁共10頁課下主題訓(xùn)練良好的人際關(guān)系與社會(huì)交往課時(shí)練(一)一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會(huì)詞匯，在□內(nèi)打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①barrier □ ②dispute □③conflict □ ④misunderstand □⑤fight □ ⑥r(nóng)espect □⑦h(yuǎn)armony □ ⑧accompany □⑨distance □ ⑩tension □?friendly □ ?cooperation □?considerate □ ?indifference □?violence □ ?charge □?delegation □ ?tolerance □?threaten □ ?surrender □(二)主題詞匯訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)barrier，dispute，conflict，misunderstand，fight，respect，harmony，accompany，distant，tension1．Theyalwaysfightlikecatanddogthoughtheystillloveeachotherverymuch.2．Agroupofyoungpioneersalwaysaccompanythedisabledgirltotheschool.3．TheSaharaDesertisanaturalbarrierbetweennorthandcentralAfrica.4．Everyonefearedthattheboundarydisputebetweenthesetwocountrieswouldendupwithawar.5．Itwasobviousthattherewasconflictbetweenaccountsofthewitnessesforthemurdercase.6．Hisremarksshowthathemisunderstoodmypositiononthequestion.7．Thestudentshavegreatrespectfortheirhistoryteacher.8．Hisideaswerenolongerinharmonywithours.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Itwasconsiderate(consider)ofyounottoplaythepianowhileIwasasleep.2．Therailwaystationisatadistance(distant)oftwomilesawayfromourschool.3．Icansaythatitisthemostviolent(violence)filmthatIhaveeverseen.4．Whenneighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachother,theyhavetoshowtheirtolerance(tolerate)．5．Cooperation(cooperate)orteamwork,theimportanceofwhichisoftenstressed,playsanimportantpartinfootballmatches.6．Wetriedtobefriendly(friend),buthisrefusalmadeusthinkhewantedtobeleftalone.7．Iwanttoknowwhyheoftentreatsmewithindifference(indifferent)．8．Thetension(tense)soontransmitteditselftoallthemembersofthecrowd.9．Thecitywas_threatened(threaten)againduringWorldWarⅡ.10．Theministerwaschargedwithabusinghispower.二、主題語篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解ATheyear2018markedthe100thanniversaryoftheendofWorldWarⅠ.Therewereeventsaroundtheworldinmemoryofthosewhodiedintheconflict.WehavepickedoutthreeoftheminEuropeancountries.Let'stakealook.BelgiumInapark,thefamousBelgianartistKoenVanmechelenhadanexhibitioncalledComingWorld,RememberMe.Theworkconsistedof600,000individual(獨(dú)特的)claysculptures,oneforeachpersonkilledduringtheWorldWar.Inthecenteroftheexhibitionwasabigeggmadeofclay，symbolizinganewworld.UKInasmalltowncalledAldridge,almost100housesinonestreetwerecoveredwith24,000poppiesandstatuesofsoldiers.Theystoodforthemenfromtheareawhohadbeenkilledinthewar.TheflowerswerechosenbecauseofapoemwrittenbytheCanadiandoctorJohnMcCreain1915.Theymadepeoplethinkoffieldsofblood.FranceTheBritishartistGuyDenningarrivedinLaFeuille,asmalltowninthenorthwestofFrance，tosticklife-sizedrawingsofsoldierswhonevercamebackhome.Armedwithglueandabrush，Denningstuckhisdrawingscarefullyonwalls.Beforelong112men,mainlyyoungadults,werebroughtbacktomind,ifnottolife.語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章講述了紀(jì)念一戰(zhàn)結(jié)束100周年的活動(dòng)，列舉了比利時(shí)、英國以及法國三個(gè)歐洲國家的紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。1．WhatdoweknowaboutComingWorld,RememberMe?A．It'sthenameofanexhibition.B．It'safilmaboutWorldWarⅠ.C．It'saworkstandingforpeace.D．It'sasculpturemadeofclay.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“anexhibition”可知，著名的比利時(shí)藝術(shù)家KoenVanmechelen舉辦了名為“ComingWorld,RememberMe”的展覽，故選A。2．Whywerepoppieschosentosymbolizethedeadsoldiers?A．TheBritishpeoplepreferredthem.B．Theyshowedthecrueltyofwar.C．ACanadiandoctorsuggestedthem.D．Thefieldswerefilledwiththem.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句可推斷，罌粟花用來代表死去的尸體是由于它能展現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭的殘酷，故選B。3．HowwastheendofWorldWarⅠmarkedinFrance?A．Amemorialtothedeadsoldierswasbuilt.B．112woundedsoldiersinthewarwerehelped.C．Drawingsofsomedeadsoldierswereputup.D．Youngadultswereencouragedtojointhearmy.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，法國紀(jì)念一戰(zhàn)結(jié)束的方式是張貼死去士兵的圖像，故選C。BBusinessstrategistMichaelGoldhaberbeganpredictingabouttheattentioneconomymorethan20yearsago,claiming,“NoonewouldputanythingontheInternetwithoutobtainingsomeattention.”ArecentsurveyintheNewStatesmanattemptedtoexploretherelationshipbetweenwhatmakesus“l(fā)ikeourlikes”andwhatfuelsourdesireforfollowers.Oneresponsefroma17-year-oldgirlprovidedanalarmingimageofmodernaffairs.“Likesarealwaysanindicatorofsocialstanding.Assomeonewhogetsanxiousandoccasionallystruggleswithself-esteem(自尊),theamountoflikesonmypostscanbeeitherhugelyupliftingordepressing，”saidtheteenager.Andthatappliestoeveryone.Anextraordinary89%ofthosetakingpartinthesurveyadmittedthenumberoflikesconnectedwithmakingthemhappy.However,herecomesthedowncurve(曲線):40%admittedthishappinessonlylastsaslongasthelikeskeepcomingin.Tellingly,youcouldalsobeoneofthe70%ofpeoplewhoaregivena“sympathylike”.Butregardlessofintention,thelikesactasencouragementwhichmakesyouwantmoreandmore.AddictionexpertJudsonBrewer,andAssociateProfessoratUniversityofMassachusettsMedicalSchool,wroteintheHuffingtonPostthatwhenwetalktosomeonefacetoface,ourbrainshavetotrytoaddtogethersuchfactorsascontext,non-verbalfacialandbodycues(暗示),andtoneofvoice,whichleavesplentyofroomforambiguityandsubjectiveunderstanding.Inreallife,thereisnosimple,quantifiablepointsystem(the“l(fā)ikes”onInstagram):wecan'tassignonelikeforasmile,anotherfortoneofvoice.Toputitbluntly,theMarkZuckerbergsofthisworldneedyouforaslongaspossibletomaketheirbusinessmodelswork.Theydon'tcarethatyou'vejustlikedyourbestfriend'sweddingpictures.It'stheadsaroundthosepicturesthatmakeFacebooktick.Itgoesdeeper,too.Yourviewinghistoryistakenintoaccount,thusmakingadswhichmayinterestyoubedisplayed.Theaimistostopyoufromclosingyournewsfeed.Theengineerswantyourattention.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展，網(wǎng)民的注意力逐漸成為商家爭奪的重要資源。4.Accordingtothe17-year-oldteenager,togetlikes________.A．cheersusupeffectivelyB．hasnegativeeffectsonusC．istoseeksocialrecognitionD．istoinfluencepeoplearoundus解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知，這名青少年強(qiáng)調(diào)：社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上獲得贊的數(shù)量意味著一個(gè)人的社會(huì)地位。也就是說，人們獲取贊是為了尋求社會(huì)認(rèn)同。5．Whatisthemajorproblemwithseekinglikesaccordingtothetext?A．Itseffectistemporary.B．Itsintentionisn'tgood.C．Itmakesusfeelanxious.D．Itproducesunrealeffects.解析：選A推理判斷題。第三段指出獲得贊的好處是讓人們高興。根據(jù)第四段第一句可推知，問題在于這種幸福很短暫。6．WhatdoesJudsonBrewerthinkofface-to-facecommunication?A．Ideascanbegotacrossmorequickly.B．Itcanbeunderstoodmoreeasily.C．Itcontributestoself-esteem.D．Deepermeaningisinvolved.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，JudsonBrewer認(rèn)為，面對面的交流包含更多的附加因素和信息，如肢體語言、語音強(qiáng)調(diào)等。即這種交流包含更深層的含義。故選D。7．WhyisourviewinghistorytakenintoaccountbytheMarkZuckerbergs?A．Toofferusbetterservice.B．Tosellsomeproductstous.C．Tosendinformationweneed.D．Toencourageface-to-facecommunication.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者指出，那些互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司之所以關(guān)注我們的瀏覽記錄是為了給我們推送我們可能感興趣的廣告，也就是為了推銷產(chǎn)品。故選B。Ⅱ.語法填空(2021·青島模擬)Asisknowntoall,apositiveparent-childrelationshipis__1__(benefit)tothephysicalandmental__2__(grow)ofchildren,butkeepingahealthyparent-childbond__3__(need)theeffortsofbothparties.Parentsshouldtaketheresponsibility__4__(improve)theirrelationshipwiththechildren.Whatmattersisspendingqualitytimewiththeirchildren,__5__tighttheirscheduleis.Forinstance,theycaneat__6__(meal)together,gotosportingeventstogetherorwatchtheirchildren'sfavoriteTVshowstogether,__7__cancontributegreatlytomakingtheirchildrenfeelsafeand__8__(love)．Children,ontheotherhand,shouldlettheirparentsknowtheyappreciatewhattheirparents__9__(do)forthem.Ifpossible，theycangivetheirparentsagiftonaspecialdayorhelpwithhousework__10__aregularbasis.Nohealthyparent-childrelationshipiswithoutconflict.Butaslongasparentsandchildrenmakeajointeffort,theycansettletheconflictandenjoytheirtimetogether.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何維持健康的親子關(guān)系。)1．beneficial考查形容詞。bebeneficialto“對……有益”，為固定短語，故填beneficial。2．growth考查名詞。形容詞修飾名詞，故填growth。3．needs考查主謂一致。keepingahealthyparent-childbond是動(dòng)名詞短語作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故填needs。4．toimprove考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處為不定式作定語，故填toimprove。5．however考查副詞。此處是however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，表示“無論多么”，故填however。6．meals考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。meal是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)空后“sportingevents”和“TVshows”可知應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填meals。7．which考查定語從句。此處是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，從句缺少主語，因此用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。8．loved考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處為過去分詞作表語，故填loved。9．havedone考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故填havedone。10．on考查介詞。onaregularbasis“經(jīng)常，例行的，有規(guī)律的”，為固定短語，故填on。課時(shí)練(二)一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會(huì)詞匯，在□內(nèi)打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①rescue □ ②security □③defend □ ④shot □⑤murder □ ⑥quarrel □⑦guard □ ⑧embarrass □⑨contradict □ ⑩friction □?prejudice □ ?protest □?investigate □ ?withdraw □?abuse □ ?argue □?terrorism □ ?declaration □?assistance □ ?proposal □(二)主題詞匯訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)rescue,security,defend,shot,friction,murder,quarrel,guard,protest,embarrass1．Twochildrenwererescuedfromtheburningcar.2．Thevisitorsweresearchedatthegateforsecurityreasons.3．Allourofficersaretrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstknifeattacks.4．Theshotmissedhim,buthewasanarrowescape.5．Youshouldavoidmentioninganythingthatmayembarrassher.6．Hisparentsandsisterwereallmurderedbytheterrorists.7．Itwasverysadwhenhusbandsandwivesquarrelledwitheachother.8．It'sourdutytoguardthisbridgeandnotlettheenemypass.Ⅱ.寫出下列句中加藍(lán)詞的漢語意思1．Sarasensedthattherehadbeenfrictionbetweenherchildren.摩擦2．Theyaccusedhimofhavingaprejudiceagainsthiswomenemployees.偏見3．Alllocalfarmersprotestedagainstbuildingthenewairportontheirfarmland.抗議4．Youoncemoreagreetohelpandinvestigatethemurder.調(diào)查5．Ourforcehasbeenwithdrawnfromthedangerarea.撤退6．Wearecloselyconcernedatthecontinuedthreatofterrorismandextremism.恐怖主義7．Shedoesn'tliketocontradictherhusbandinpublic.反駁8．Russianworkershavestagedanumberofstrikesinprotestattherepublic'sdeclarationofindependence.宣布二、主題語篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2021·北京模擬)WhenIre-enteredthefull-timeworkafteradecadeofrunningmyownbusiness,therewasatopthingIwaslookingforwardto:tomakefriendswiththecolleaguesonceagain.Asamatteroffact,itwasn'tuntilIenteredthecompanythatIrealizedmakingfriendswithcolleagueswasn'tthefirstatall.Itisdevelopinginterpersonalrelationshipsatworkthatisvital,whichcannotonlyhelpovercomearangeofproblemsatworkbutalsopromoteproductivityandthequalityofworkoutput.PerhapsmyexpectationsoflunchesandchattingwithfriendswerethememoryofthelasttimeIwasinthatkindofofficeenvironment.However,asIneartheendofmyfourthdecade,Irealizeworkcanbefullyfunctionalandentirelysatisfyingwithoutneedingtobethebestworkmateswiththepeoplesittingnexttoyou.InanacademicanalysisjustpublishedintheveryinfluentialJournalofManagement,researchershavedevelopedtheideaof“indifferentrelationships”，whichisasimpletermthatsummarizesthefactthatrelationshipsatworkcanbelessclose,unimportantandevenreplaceable.Indifferentrelationshipsareneitherpositivenornegative.Thelimitedresearchconductedsofarshowsthey'reespeciallyobviousamongthosewhovalueindependenceovercooperation,andharmonyoverdisharmony.Indifferenceisalsothepreferredchoiceamongthosewhoaresociallylazyandregardmaintainingrelationshipsoverthelongtermtakeseffort.Asmentionedaboveindifferentrelationshipsmaynotalwaysbethemosthelpfulwayinsolvingproblemsatwork.Evenso,thereareprovenbenefitsonindifferentrelationship.Oneofthemisefficiency.Lesstimechattingandsocializingmeansmoretimeworkingandproducing.Anotherisself-respect.Ashumanbeings,wetendtocompareourselvestoeachother.Apparently,welookdownonacquaintancesmorethanfriends.Intheprocesstheirstrengthscanraisethesenseofself-worth.Thethirdadvantageisthattheemotionalneutralityofindifferentrelationshipshasbeenfoundtoimprovecriticalthinking,enhancepeople'sattentiontotasksolving,andmakeiteasiertogainvaluableinformation.Noneofthosebenefitsmightbeasfunasafter-worksocializingbut,hey,I'lltakeitanyway.語篇解讀：本是一篇說明文。文章主要分析了工作中“冷漠關(guān)系”的概念，冷漠的關(guān)系既不是積極的也不是消極的。文章還具體說明了冷漠關(guān)系的三個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)。1．Whatdidtheauthorrealizewhenhere-enteredthecompany?A．Buildinginterpersonalrelationshipswasimportant.B．Makingnewfriendswithworkmateswasnotsoeasyashehadexpected.C．Developingpositiveinterpersonalrelationshipshelpedhimfindhisplace.D．Workingincompaniesrequiresmoreinterpersonalskillsthanself-employment.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，當(dāng)作者再次進(jìn)入公司時(shí)，他意識到建立人際關(guān)系很重要。故選A。2．Whichonebelongstoindifferentrelationshipsatworkaccordingtothepassage?A．Beinginconflictwithworkmatesintheoffice.B．Spendinglesstimechattingandsocializingintheoffice.C．Havingdeepandmeaningfulconversationswithcolleagues.D．Beingthebestmateswiththepeoplesittingnexttoyouintheoffice.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第四句可知，少些時(shí)間聊天和社交意味著多些時(shí)間工作和生產(chǎn)。B項(xiàng)“在辦公室少花時(shí)間聊天和社交”屬于工作中的冷漠關(guān)系。故選B。3．Whatcanbeoneofthebenefitsoftheindifferentrelationships?A．Theyprovidefunatwork.B．Theyimproveworkefficiency.C．Theyhelpcontrolemotionsatwork.D．Theyhelpsolveproblemsduringworktime.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二、三句可知，冷漠關(guān)系的好處之一是能提高工作效率。故選B。4．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsindifferentrelationships?A．Cautious. B．Doubtful.C．Approving. D．Indifferent.解析：選C觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句以及后文分別說明了冷漠關(guān)系的三個(gè)好處可推知，作者對于冷漠關(guān)系持贊成態(tài)度。故選C。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2021·沈陽模擬)Whoeverwrotethesong“it'stheMostWonderfulTimeoftheYear”musthaveneverexperiencedholidayblues.Fortunately,psychologicalresearchsuggestssomeeffectivewaysyoucanbeattheholidayblues.Thekeypointisthatsadnessandothertoughemotionsarenotwhatweshouldtrytoavoid.__1__.Herearefourstrategiestohelpyoumakeyourownhappinessrecipethisholidayseason.Don'tforcecheerAtfamilygatheringswithcousinsyousecretlycan'tstand,youtendtoputonahappyface.Indeed,thatmightevenseemlikethemostmatureresponse—nodrama,noconflict.Butastudyfolloweddozensofbusdrivers,lookingtoseewhentheygaveforcedorhonestsmilesattheirpassengers.Theresultsshowedwhenthedriverspretendedtohaveagoodmood,theiractualmoodsgotworse.__2__.LetoffsadnessTheresultsofthebus-driverstudycanbeexplainedbyresearchers,whofindthatnegativefeelingslikesadnessorangeronlyincreasewhenwetrytocontrolthem.__3__.Wedon'tlikecontradictorybehavior.RespondcautiouslyRecently,scientistshavebeenpayingspecialattentiontothebenefitsofcaution.Whenyourespondcautiouslytoanemotionaltrigger(e.g.overcookingtheholidayturkey),youpauseratherthanreactingatonce.__4__.Besides,itisassociatedwithlessanxiety,andmayevencarryphysiologicalbenefits.__5__Ofcourse,theholidayswillbringamixofhighsandlows,butthemostimportantlessontokeepinmindisthatthisvarietyofemotionsmightbethebestthingpossibleforyouroverallwell-being.Inotherwords,