電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchand

電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來-eResearchand2023/12/28電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandSomeopeningquestions開場(chǎng)問題WhatistheroleofthelibraryinsupportingeResearch?圖書館在支援eResearch的角色是什么?Whatshouldtherolebe?任務(wù)是?WhatdoesPhilipBourne’svisionofjoined-updataandresearchoutputsmeanforlibraries?PhilipBourne連結(jié)資料及研究成果的構(gòu)想,對(duì)圖書館有何意義?Whatissuesareattachedtolong-termfundingandsustainabilityofcurrentefforts?什么議題跟維持穩(wěn)定的資金來源及持續(xù)當(dāng)前的努力有密切關(guān)系?Whatarethefutureskillrequirementsoflibrariansinthisenvironment?Whoisprovidingtheeducationandtraining?在這種新環(huán)境下,圖書館員在將來該具備什么技巧?誰負(fù)責(zé)教育和培訓(xùn)?Whatarethefutureskillrequirementsofscientists?Whoistrainingthem?科學(xué)家在將來該具備什么技巧?誰負(fù)責(zé)教育和培訓(xùn)?Whataretherisksofmakingsubstantialinvestmentinthisarea?Andnot?投資在這方面有何風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandResearchers’UseofAcademicLibrariesandtheirServices研究人員對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)圖書館及其服務(wù)的使用CommissionedjointlybetweenRINandCURL由RIN及CURL聯(lián)合資助Evidencebasefordevelopmentofpolicyandstrategy發(fā)展政策及策略的理據(jù)基礎(chǔ)Whatareacademiclibrariesforinachangingworld?在轉(zhuǎn)變的世界中,學(xué)術(shù)圖書館是?Howaretheydevelopingtheirservicesandstrategiesforsupportingresearchers?圖書館該怎樣去發(fā)展服務(wù)和策略去支援科研?Howareresearchersmakinguseofthoseservices?研究人員如何去使用這些服務(wù)?Howmightlibrariesandtheirserviceschangeforthefuture?圖書館和服務(wù)怎樣去改變,為將來作準(zhǔn)備?電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandWeeklyvisitstothelibrary

每星期使用圖書館次數(shù)電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandUsefulnessofprintresources

印刷資源的可用性電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandDigitalfindingaids數(shù)位查檢工具電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandEnd-usersearchingofCD-ROMdatabases

終端用戶檢索光盤數(shù)據(jù)庫20042007-082005200219971992Earlydevelopmentofonlinejournals電子期刊發(fā)展初階Demandforelectronicratherthanprint(newissues)對(duì)電子資料需求較印刷本(新刊)多Demandforelectronicratherthanprint(completebackfiles)對(duì)電子資料需求較印刷本(所以過刊)多InstitutionalrepositoriesElectronicdocumentdelivery機(jī)構(gòu)典藏文獻(xiàn)傳遞服務(wù)OneloginforeverythingEverythingelectronicSeamlessinterface

用戶一站式登錄所有資料電子化無縫連接Changinguserdemands讀者需要的改變電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandShiftsinknowledgeproduction

知識(shí)產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)變Mode1andMode2Mode1及Mode2“Traditionalscience”andreflexiveresearch傳統(tǒng)科學(xué)及自反式研究Triplehelixofoverlappinginterests(university,governmentandindustry)興趣重迭的三角螺旋(大學(xué)、政府、工業(yè))電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandFundingstructuresandrequirements1

資本架構(gòu)及需求1Externalfunding外來資金Diversesourceoffunding不同的資金來源Government政府Not-for-profit非牟利團(tuán)體Industry工業(yè)Economicoutcomes經(jīng)濟(jì)成果increasewealthcreation&prosperity促進(jìn)創(chuàng)富及繁榮improvenation’shealth,environment&qualityoflife改善健康、環(huán)境及生活質(zhì)素Innovation創(chuàng)新Improvedcompetitiveness增強(qiáng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力“Commercialisation”ofresearch研究商品化Less“curiosity-driven”activity少因好奇心推動(dòng)的活動(dòng)電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandFundingstructuresandrequirements2

資本架構(gòu)及需求2Evaluation,evaluation,evaluation…評(píng)估,評(píng)估,評(píng)估…intellectualmerit知識(shí)優(yōu)勢(shì)cost-effectivenessor“valueformoney”具成本效益的economicandsocialrelevance符合經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)Requirementsofresearchassessment研究評(píng)審的要求increasedquantityofpublishedoutputs增加出版increased“quality”ofoutputs提高成果的質(zhì)量Compliancerequirements規(guī)范的要求publishedoutputsinopenaccess出版成果開放取閱storageandre-useofdatasets存放及重用資料檔電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandDiverselocationofresearch(university,hospital,industry,researchinstitutes)多元研究點(diǎn)(大學(xué)、醫(yī)院、工業(yè)、研究所)Collaborationamongstteams跨團(tuán)隊(duì)合作Interdisciplinarityandtransdisciplinarity跨學(xué)科及超學(xué)科Focusonproblemsratherthantechniques專注在問題多於技術(shù)Changingmodesofcommunication(moreinformalandICTbased)改變溝通模式Guardingofintellectualproperty保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)Emergingpractice當(dāng)前做法電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandImplicationsforlibraries

對(duì)圖書館的影響B(tài)road-basedcollections收藏基礎(chǔ)廣泛Greaterneedforinformationspecialist需要更多資訊專家Informationskillstrainingindisciplinarylandscapes學(xué)科環(huán)境中的信息技術(shù)培訓(xùn)Remoteaccess–sometimesoverseas遠(yuǎn)程訪問─海內(nèi)外Licenceissuesforcollaborators協(xié)作者的權(quán)限認(rèn)可問題電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandResearchassessmentexercises

研究評(píng)審運(yùn)動(dòng)UKResearchAssessmentExercise(1980s)英國(guó)研究評(píng)審運(yùn)動(dòng)(1980年代)NewZealandPerformanceBasedResearchFund(2003/2006)新西蘭績(jī)效研究基金(2003/2006)AustraliaResearchQualityFramework(2008)澳洲研究質(zhì)量準(zhǔn)則(2008)Portfolioofevidence;metrics有關(guān)的資料、根據(jù)/尺度電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandImplicationsforlibraries

對(duì)圖書館的影響Institutionalfocusonresearchmayreducefundingtosupportteaching院校專注研究或會(huì)削減教學(xué)經(jīng)費(fèi)Pressureonresearchersmayrequirelibrariestobecomemorestudentfocussed加諸研究人員的壓力或會(huì)使圖書館聚焦于學(xué)生Emergenceofe-learning電子化學(xué)習(xí)成為當(dāng)前急務(wù)Greaterdemandforresearchcollections加大研究館藏需要Focusoncollectionsforimmediateuseratherthan“just-in-case”館藏重視即時(shí)需要而非庋藏Licenceissuesforoverseascollaboration海外合作的權(quán)限認(rèn)可電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandPlayersintheformalscholarlycommunicationprocess

正式學(xué)術(shù)交流進(jìn)程的參與者Funders基金establishresearchpriorities厘定研究?jī)?yōu)次provideresources提供資源Scholars學(xué)人doresearch進(jìn)行研究writearticlesand撰寫論文providequalityassurancethroughpeerreview,透過專家評(píng)審提供質(zhì)量保證Publishersandlearnedsocieties出版人及學(xué)術(shù)社群accumulate積累copy-edit拷貝編校providequalityassurancethroughpeerreview透過專家評(píng)審提供質(zhì)量保證produce生產(chǎn)market營(yíng)銷distribute,分發(fā)Academiclibraries學(xué)術(shù)圖書館buy購(gòu)買archive存檔provideaccess提供存取電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandICTande-researchICT及電子化研究Democratisationofinformalnetworks非正式網(wǎng)絡(luò)的普及化“De-formalisation”offormalnetworks正式網(wǎng)絡(luò)的非正式化openpublishingandself-archiving開放出版及自行存檔openpeerreview開放專家評(píng)審blogsanddiscussionboards博客及討論站Pervasiveness滲透性Inter-andmulti-disciplinary跨學(xué)科及多元學(xué)科Mainstream主流電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandImplicationsforlibraries

對(duì)圖書館的影響Changingpatternofuse–whatfuturethephysicallibrary?改變使用模式:未來的實(shí)體圖書館是?NeedforbroadICTinfrastructure需要寬帶ICT的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施Never-endingdemandfore-content對(duì)電子資源有無盡的索求Never-endingsupplyofe-content電子資源無限量供應(yīng)Datacurationandrepositories資料保護(hù)及儲(chǔ)存Informationliteracy資訊素養(yǎng)Budgetpressures財(cái)政壓力電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandCrisisinscholarlypublishingsystem(1)

學(xué)術(shù)出版系統(tǒng)的危機(jī)Numbersoftitlesaresoaring出版種數(shù)激增Tenure刊期researchassessment研究評(píng)審Deathofscholarlymonograph?學(xué)術(shù)書籍消亡?newbreedofjournals新類型期刊出版e-publishingonly只提供電子版universities/funderssubsidisecostsforsometitles大學(xué)或基金要支持某些期刊的經(jīng)費(fèi)Inflationratesforbooksandjournalaresoaring書刊售價(jià)暴漲Librariescannotkeepup圖書館趕不上電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandDecreaseinpurchasingpower(1)

購(gòu)買力減少(1)電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandDecreaseinpurchasingpower(2)

購(gòu)買力減少(2)電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandCrisisinscholarlypublishingsystem(2)

學(xué)術(shù)出版系統(tǒng)的危機(jī)(2)Scholarshavelostcontroloftheformalcommunicationsystem學(xué)人失去正式交流系統(tǒng)的控制權(quán)l(xiāng)earnedsocietiessellofftitles學(xué)術(shù)社團(tuán)賣斷書籍peerreviewprocesssecretiveandbiased;unabletodetectfraud專家評(píng)審過程詭秘及充滿偏見；無法去發(fā)現(xiàn)欺詐Commercialpublishershavetakenover商業(yè)出版人已接手scholarlyinformationascommodity學(xué)術(shù)資源商品化scholarsfreelygivingawaytheirresearchoutputs;librariesbuyingitfrompublishers;funderspaytwice學(xué)人免費(fèi)提供研究成果；圖書館購(gòu)自出版人,雙重支出電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandCrisisinscholarlypublishingsystem(3)

學(xué)術(shù)出版系統(tǒng)的危機(jī)(3)Problemswithpublishinginatraditionalmodel用傳統(tǒng)模式出版的問題spaceconstraintsandhighrejectionratesfrompremiumjournals局限于空間及優(yōu)質(zhì)期刊的高退回率slowtoproduce出產(chǎn)緩慢fewermonographspublished書籍出版減少nomoneytopaypagecharges缺資金去支付版費(fèi)noappropriateoutletformultidisciplinaryresearch跨學(xué)科研究缺適合的出版渠道電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandCrisisinscholarlypublishingsystem(4)

學(xué)術(shù)出版系統(tǒng)的危機(jī)(4)Electronicpublications電子出版Fasterturn-aroundofsubmission/revision/publication遞交/修訂/出版的周期快Models模式Asasupplementtotraditionalprintjournal(withfullcontentorpartcontentine-format);subscriptionbased(majorityofcommercialpublications)作為印刷本的補(bǔ)充(全文或部分)；訂購(gòu)為主(主要為商業(yè)出版)Electroniconlypublication;subscriptionbased只有電子版,訂購(gòu)為主Openaccess公開存取Digitalversionsofprintjournals“freetoair”(e.g.BMJ)印刷本的免費(fèi)電子版Openaccesse-onlyjournals(PubMedCentral)公開存取的電子版(無印刷版)Whopays?誰付鈔?Self-archiving自行存檔institutionalorsubjectrepositories機(jī)構(gòu)或科目典藏pre-printarchives待出版檔poorknowledgeofcopyright欠缺版權(quán)保護(hù)意識(shí)slowuptakebyresearchers研究人員接受緩慢電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandImplicationsforlibraries

對(duì)圖書館的影響B(tài)udgetpressures財(cái)政壓力Balancebetweenprintandelectronic印刷資料及電子資料的平衡Balancebetweenjournalandbook期刊與書的平衡Promotionofopenaccess鼓勵(lì)開放存取Futuresustainabilityofopenaccess開放存取的未來保育電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandWhatdoacademicswant?學(xué)人需要什么?Moreelectroniccontentfromdesktop更多就手的電子資源Continuing/long-termaccess長(zhǎng)期不斷的存取Maintainingauthenticityandintegrityofe-resources維持電子資源的可靠性及完整性Electronicaccesstoprimarymaterials電子化存取原始資料Morebackfiles(e.g.popularityofJSTOR)更多過刊Customisation規(guī)范化“In-time”service及時(shí)的服務(wù)電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandImplicationsforlibraries對(duì)圖書館的影響Liaison聯(lián)絡(luò)Publishersofcontent內(nèi)容出版人SupportforCyberinfrastructure網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)施的支持Onlineaccesstocompleteback-archivesofliterature.線上存取完整的文學(xué)過刊Stewardshipandcurationservicesforenormouscollectionsofscientificdata.對(duì)龐大的科技資訊提供管理及保存Digitalrepositoriesfordiversedigitalobjectsasinstructionalmaterialandworksinprogress.電子化典藏所有電子數(shù)據(jù)如教材及待完成的資料Digitizedspecialcollections.將特藏?cái)?shù)碼化Morecontinuous(vs.batch)andopenformsofscholarlycommunication.更多持續(xù)及開放形式的學(xué)術(shù)交流Individualandcommunitycustomizationinformationservices.個(gè)人及社會(huì)熟習(xí)資訊服務(wù)Licensingandaccess認(rèn)證及存取電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandInformalcommunicationnetworks

非正式交流網(wǎng)絡(luò)Librariescannot(andshouldnot)ignore絕不能忽視圖書館Whatisourrole?我們的角色是?Blogs,wikis,mail部落格,wikis,電郵Web2.0andsocialnetworkingWeb2.0及社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandApathwayforthefuture未來之路Understandtheresearchers’experiences了解研究人員的經(jīng)驗(yàn)Integratewiththeirworkflow–usingtheWeb2.0mentality用Web2.0的思維去融合他們的工作流程Playtoourcorestrengths悉力以赴/photos/thevoyagers/398768220/電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandResearchers’comments

研究人員的評(píng)語Thegeneralpositionoftheoldergenerationactivescholarwhoseexperiencehasnotpreparedthemforthecomputeragedeservesalittleattention應(yīng)對(duì)未慣使用電腦的前輩學(xué)人提供協(xié)助Whilethereareexcellente-resourcesavailable,itdependscompletelyonone’shomeinstitutionastowhetheryouhaveaccesstothem縱使優(yōu)質(zhì)的電子資源,也要看學(xué)人的所屬機(jī)構(gòu)有沒有配備及他們是否有權(quán)去存取AsanindependentscholarIamconcernedthatIdonothavetheequalaccesstoelectronicresourceswhichIdotoprintandmanuscriptmaterial獨(dú)立學(xué)人會(huì)關(guān)心自己取用電子資源會(huì)不會(huì)有限制電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandDotheyfindwhattheywant?

學(xué)人找到他們要的資料嗎?Notatallexpert:不是所有學(xué)人都是資訊專家Usewhatthey’vealwaysused沿用從前的方法UseGoogle–alot大量使用Google‘Goodenough’tendency易于滿足Contrary:askforFTd/bsandthensayWoSisenough相反：要求全文數(shù)據(jù)庫,然后指WoS已足夠Easilydeterred:障礙Remoteholdings遠(yuǎn)距庋藏Locallyheldmicroform,microfilm本地的縮微膠片/卷Locally-heldprint印刷本電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandEaseofaccessofelectronicmaterials

存取電子資源的容易度54%couldaccesse-resourceseasily54%可容易地存取電子資源Barriersincluded:障礙包括Lackofinstitutionalsubscriptionduetocostorlimiteddemand少機(jī)構(gòu)訂閱因價(jià)錢或需要有限Accessrestrictedorinconvenient–institutionalmembersonlyorin-libraryonly有使用限制或不方便：只許機(jī)構(gòu)成員或在館內(nèi)使用Difficultyindiscoveringwhat’savailable了解所有可提供的資料有難度Difficultiesinusing–e.g.gatewaystofull-textcontent使用遇上困難─如全文數(shù)據(jù)的門戶Onlineversionsincompleteorpoorquality–e.g.imagesofartworks線上版本不完整或質(zhì)量低─如藝術(shù)影像電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchand我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)重用尋找收集反饋分享標(biāo)示上載電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandAustralianresearcherswillenhancetheircontributiontoworld-classresearchendeavoursandoutcomes,throughtheuseofadvancedandinnovativeinformationandcommunicationstechnologies.澳洲研究人員會(huì)使用先進(jìn)和創(chuàng)新的資訊科技去提升他們的研究,為世界一流的科研作貢獻(xiàn)電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandMoredatawillbecreatedinthenextfiveyearsthanhasbeencollectedinthewholeofhumanhistory.Properlymanaged,thisdatawillformamajorresourceforAustralianresearchers.未來五年生產(chǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)較過去整個(gè)人類史的多。只要處理恰當(dāng),這些數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)成為澳洲科研人員的主要資源電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandItisenvisagedthatthesharingofprimarydatawouldpreventunnecessaryrepetitionofexperimentsandenablescientiststobuilddirectlyoneachothers’work,creatinggreaterefficienciesandproductivityintheresearchprocess.相信分享原始數(shù)據(jù)，可避免重復(fù)實(shí)證,使科研人員可在他人的成果和經(jīng)驗(yàn)上鉆研,免走彎路和得到更多成果。電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandResearch“stuff”研究材料Researchactivityinuniversitiesisgeneratingvastquantitiesofmaterial,almostentirelyindigitalform大學(xué)的研究活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生大量資料,幾乎都是電子化的Researchoutputs(publications,pre-prints,thesesetc)研究成果(出版物、預(yù)印刊物、論文)Researchdata(forecastofnPB/annum)研究數(shù)據(jù)Researchmaterialrepurposedaslearningobjects研究資料轉(zhuǎn)化為學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)象Researchofficedata–HERDC,RQF,grantsmanagementetc公共研究數(shù)據(jù)Wealsobuy/accessvastquantitiesofexternalcontenttosupportresearch也購(gòu)買/存取大量校外資料去支持研究電子化研究及學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的未來eResearchandManagementimplications

對(duì)管理的影響Weneedtomanagetheseeffectively需要對(duì)資源有效管理Tomaximiseresearchimpact擴(kuò)大研究果效Enables