南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院240英語（二外）歷年考研真題及詳解

目錄

2004年南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院221英語（二外）考研真題及詳解

2005年南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院221英語（二外）考研真題及詳解

2006年南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院221英語（二外）考研真題及詳解

2007年南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院221英語（二外）考研真題及詳解

2008年南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院221英語（二外）考研真題及詳解

2009年南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院221英語（二外）考研真題及詳解

2010年南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院240英語（二外）考研真題及詳解

2017年南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院240英語（二外）考研真題及詳解

2018年南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院240英語（二外）考研真題及詳解

2004年南京師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院

221英語（二外）考研真題及詳解

PartOneVocabularyandStructure

SectionA

Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthissection.Foreach

sentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthat

bestcompletesthesentence.ThenwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

(15%)

1.Ifyouarealwayssittinguplateatnight,I’mafraidyoumay_____from

overworksoon.

A.fall

B.descend

C.sicken

D.collapse

【答案】D

【解析】句意：如果你總是工作到很晚，我恐怕你不久就會累倒的。

collapse倒塌；（因病或虛弱）突然倒下。fall下降；摔倒。descend下

降；降臨。sicken使震怒，使憤慨；慢慢病倒。

2.Ifyoudon’tsweepyourroomeveryday,_____willaccumulate.

A.powder

B.soil

C.mud

D.dust

【答案】D

【解析】句意：如果你每天不打掃房間，灰塵很快就會堆積。dust灰塵，

塵埃。powder粉，粉末。soil土壤。mud泥。

3.Movieshavebeenuniversally_____forthecrimewave.

A.criticized

B.condemned

C.accused

D.blamed

【答案】A

【解析】句意：電影因犯罪率激增而遭到了廣泛批評。題中所給四個選

項均有“批評，指責(zé)”之意，但用法卻各不相同。criticize批評，指責(zé)，

criticizesb/sthfor(doing)sth表示“某人/某物因……而遭到批評”。

condemn意為“譴責(zé)；判刑”，表示的程度較重。accuse的被動語態(tài)常與of

搭配，構(gòu)成短語beaccusedof。而blame的被動語態(tài)則是用sb/sthisto

blame(forsth)，表示某人/某事物（對某事）負有責(zé)任。

4.Mybrotherlikeseatingverymuchbutheisn’tvery_____aboutthefood

heeats.

A.special

B.peculiar

C.particular

D.unusual

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我兄弟很喜歡吃東西，但對食物卻不怎么講究。be

particularabout對……講究，挑剔。special特別的；專門的。peculiar特

殊的；奇怪的。unusual不尋常的。

5.Althoughthepayisnotgood,peopleusuallyfindsocialwork_____in

otherway.

A.payable

B.respectful

C.interested

D.rewarding

【答案】D

【解析】句意：盡管薪水不高，但人們總能在其他方面找到社工的價

值。rewarding值得的；有益的。payable應(yīng)付的。respectful有禮貌的。

interested感興趣的。

6.Asscheduled,thecommunicationssatellitewentinto_____roundthe

earth.

A.circle

B.orbit

C.path

D.course

【答案】B

【解析】句意：通信衛(wèi)星進入了預(yù)定的繞地軌道。orbit（繞地球、太陽

等運行的）軌道。circle圓；圈子。path小徑，小道。course課程；航

向。

7.Theautumnairfelt_____soshewenttofetchacoat.

A.chilly

B.cool

C.shivery

D.cold

【答案】A

【解析】句意：感受到了秋天寒冷的空氣，于是她去拿了件外套。chilly

和cold都表示“寒冷的”，cold的程度要比chilly深，比如說秋天涼，通常

說It’schilly.而冬天冷，就說It’scold.此處用來描述秋天的天氣，chilly

為最佳答案。cool涼爽的。shivery（因寒冷、恐懼或疾?。╊澏兜?，發(fā)

抖的。

8.Spiesmayhaveanumberof_____namesandpapers.

A.artificial

B.fault

C.imitation

D.false

【答案】D

【解析】句意：間諜可能有許多假名和偽造的證件。artificial人造的，人

工的。fault錯誤。imitation人造的；仿造的。

9.Helosthis_____whenthepolicemanstoppedhim.

A.temper

B.mood

C.spirit

D.emotion

【答案】A

【解析】句意：當(dāng)警察攔下他的時候，他大發(fā)脾氣。loseone’stemper發(fā)

脾氣。mood心情；心境。spirit精神。emotion情感，情緒。

10.Wheredoyou_____goingforyourholidaysthisyear?

A.intend

B.expect

C.want

D.mean

【答案】A

【解析】句意：今年假期你打算去哪？intend打算；想要。expect期望；

指望。want想要。mean意味；想要。所給四個選項當(dāng)中僅有intend能接

動詞ing形式。

11.Allofuswere_____thattheoldmancouldwalkonhishands.

A.shocked

B.amazed

C.frightened

D.scared

【答案】B

【解析】句意：那位老人居然能用雙臂倒立行走，我們對此都感到十分

驚奇。amazed驚奇的。shocked震驚的；震撼的。frightened害怕的；受

驚的。scared害怕的。

12.Thenoisewasso_____thatonlythosewithexcellenthearingwere

awareofit.

A.inaudible

B.soft

C.faint

D.quiet

【答案】C

【解析】句意：聲音太微弱了，只有那些聽力極好的人才能聽見。faint

微弱的；模糊的。inaudible聽不見的。soft輕柔的。quiet安靜的。

13.Pipes_____hotwaterfromthisboilertoeverypartofthebuilding.

A.convey

B.remove

C.transform

D.communicate

【答案】A

【解析】句意：鍋爐中的熱水通過管道運送到這棟建筑的每個地方。

convey傳遞；傳送，輸送。remove移走；除去。transform轉(zhuǎn)化。

communicate交流，溝通。

14.Camping_____includeatent,asleepingbag,arucksack,astove,andso

on.

A.equipment

B.facilities

C.instruments

D.devices

【答案】A

【解析】句意：野營裝備包括一個帳篷，一只睡袋，一個帆布包，一個

火爐等等。equipment裝備，設(shè)備。facility設(shè)施。instrument器械；樂

器。device設(shè)備，儀器。

15.Theemployer______thelettertohissecretary,whowroteitdownin

shorthand.

A.dictated

B.examined

C.copied

D.imitated

【答案】A

【解析】句意：老板把信件內(nèi)容口述給他的秘書，秘書速記了下來。

dictate口述。examine檢查。copy復(fù)制。imitate模仿。

16.Departmentstores_____theirgoodsinthewindows.

A.indicate

B.demonstrate

C.expose

D.display

【答案】D

【解析】句意：百貨商店把商品陳列在櫥窗里。display展覽，陳列。

indicate表明，顯示。demonstrate證明；展示。expose顯露；使……暴

露。

17.Wecouldn’tcutthestringbecausethe_____oftheknifewasnotsharp

enough.

A.blade

B.side

C.edge

D.front

【答案】C

【解析】句意：刀刃不夠鋒利，我們無法割斷繩子?！暗度小钡挠⑽谋磉_

最常用的是“theedgeofknife”，blade也有“刀刃”的意思，一般側(cè)重指“刀

身，刀片”。

18.Competitorsforthepaintingcompetitionmust_____theirentriesby

Friday.

A.give

B.offer

C.grant

D.submit

【答案】D

【解析】句意：繪畫大賽的參賽者們必須在周五之前提交參賽作品。

submit呈遞；提交。give給予；贈送。offer提供。grant給予；承認。

19.Ihavetowearsunglassesbecauseofthe_____ofthesun.

A.flare

B.glare

C.glitter

D.sparks

【答案】B

【解析】句意：耀眼的陽光使我不得不戴上墨鏡。glare刺眼，耀眼的

光。flare閃光。glitter閃爍，閃光。spark火花。

20.Thereisaholeatthe_____oftheflowerpot.

A.bottom

B.basis

C.ground

D.depth

【答案】A

【解析】句意：花瓶底部有一個洞。bottom底部。basis基礎(chǔ)；根據(jù)。

ground地面，場地。depth深度。

21.Thejurycommutedtheprisoner’s_____ofdeathtooneoflife

imprisonment.

A.crime

B.sentence

C.guilty

D.faulty

【答案】B

【解析】句意：陪審團將這名犯人的死刑減為終身監(jiān)禁。sentence判決。

crime罪行。guilty有罪的。faulty有錯誤的，有缺陷的。

22.Ishouldliketorentahouse,modern,comfortableand_____inaquiet

environment.

A.beforeall

B.firstofall

C.afterall

D.aboveall

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我想租一間這樣的房子：現(xiàn)代化、舒適，最重要的是安

靜的環(huán)境。aboveall尤其是，最重要的是。firstofall首先。afterall畢

竟。

23.Hisfewpersonalbelongingsmakeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplace

toplace_____.

A.inease

B.atease

C.withease

D.witheasiness

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他的私人物品不多，這讓他搬家變得很容易。withease

容易，不費力地。atease安逸，舒適。

24.It’s_____intheregulationsthatyoucantake20kilosofluggagewith

you.

A.laidup

B.laiddown

C.laidout

D.laidover

【答案】B

【解析】句意：規(guī)章明確規(guī)定個人攜帶行李的最大重量為20千克。lay

down闡述，聲明；規(guī)定。layup（因患病或受傷）臥床不起；儲存。lay

out鋪開，展開；布置。layover途中停留。

25.Wehadto_____alotofnoisewhenthechildrenwereathome.

A.goinfor

B.holdonto

C.putupwith

D.keeppacewith

【答案】C

【解析】句意：孩子們在家的時候，我們不得不忍受噪音的煩惱。putup

with忍受。goinfor參加，從事；追求。holdonto堅持。keeppacewith

與……保持同步。

26.Whenhearrived,hefound_____theagedandthesickathome.

A.nonebut

B.noneotherthan

C.nothingbut

D.nototherthan

【答案】A

【解析】句意：當(dāng)他抵達的時候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)家里只剩下老弱病殘了。none

but只有。noneotherthan正是。nothingbut只不過；只有，用來修飾物。

27.Hismarkedchangesinpersonalitywere_____byaseriesofunfortunate

eventsinlife.

A.broughtout

B.broughtto

C.broughtup

D.broughtabout

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他人生中一系列的不幸導(dǎo)致了他性格的多變。bringabout

引起，導(dǎo)致。bringout使……顯現(xiàn)。bringto采用。bringup提起；養(yǎng)育。

28.LastweekI_____anoldfriendofmineintheshoppingmall.

A.ranoff

B.ranawaywith

C.raninto

D.ranover

【答案】C

【解析】句意：上周我在商場偶遇了一位老友。runinto遇到；累計達

到；偶然遇見。runoff跑掉。runawaywith和……私奔；（感情、思想

等）控制某人。runover（開車）撞倒；思考。

29.Isay!Haveyou_____asinglewordI’vebeensayingtoyou?

A.takenin

B.takenup

C.takenover

D.takenoff

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我說，你有沒有記住我剛才講的一個字？takein領(lǐng)會，理

解；記住。takeup開始從事；占據(jù)。takeover接管；取得對……的控

制。takenoff脫下；起飛。

30.Ican’t_____whathasgonewrongwiththevideotaperecorder.

A.figureon

B.figureup

C.figureout

D.figurefor

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我搞不清楚這臺磁帶錄像機是哪里出了問題。figureout

弄懂，搞清楚。figureon預(yù)料到；計劃。

SectionB

Directions:Eachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarked

A,B,CandD.Identifythepartofthesentencethatisincorrectandwrite

youranswerontheAnswerSheet.(5%)

31.Anumberofforeignvisitorsweretakentotheindustrialexhibitionwhich

theysawmanynewproducts.

A.Anumberof

B.weretakento

C.which

D.saw

【答案】C

【解析】此處考查定語從句關(guān)系副詞，which應(yīng)改為where（或in

which）。

32.ThesheetoficethatcoversAntarcticaaccountsfor90%oftheworld’s

iceand68%ofit’sfreshwater.

A.sheet

B.covers

C.accountsfor

D.it’s

【答案】D

【解析】改為its。此處應(yīng)當(dāng)使用物主代詞，it的所有格為its。

33.Untilcomparativelyrecently,manwassoaccustomedtothinkinpictures

thatheinstinctivelyavoidedabstractstatementswheneverpossible.

A.Until

B.think

C.avoided

D.whenever

【答案】B

【解析】固定短語beaccustomedtodoing，此處think應(yīng)用ing形式。

34.Hardlyhehadlefthomewhenitbegantoraincatsanddogs.

A.hehad

B.when

C.it

D.catsanddogs

【答案】A

【解析】hardlywhen句式為固定的倒裝句式，had要置于he之前。

35.Wheneverheworeasuitofclothesforthefirsttime,hehaditscraped

withapieceofGlassthatitwouldnotappearnoticeablynew.

A.clothes

B.had

C.that

D.would

【答案】C

【解析】本句為目的狀語從句，that之后為動作的目的，應(yīng)使用sothat。

36.Thousandsofchildrenaredenyingofdrinkingunsanitarywatereveryday

inthedevelopingworld.

A.Thousandsof

B.of

C.in

D.developing

【答案】B

【解析】刪去of。

37.Whentheyhadfinishedtoreadthearticle,theybegantodiscussitamong

themselvesinspiteoftheirignoranceofphysiology.

A.finishedtoread

B.among

C.inspiteof

D.of

【答案】A

【解析】固定表達finishdoingsth，“完成做某事”，此處read應(yīng)用ing形

式。

38.Itissadtolose;butthegreatestsadnessistotravelthroughlifeand

withoutknowingeithersuccessordefeat.

A.through

B.withoutknowing

C.or

D.defeat

【答案】A

【解析】through應(yīng)改為throughout，表示“有生之年”。

39.Splashingwaterfromtheshowerproducesnegativechargesintheroom’s

air,promotesafeelingofwell-being.

A.Splashing

B.produces

C.promotes

D.afeelingofwell-being

【答案】C

【解析】此處考查伴隨狀語，promote應(yīng)改為promoting。

40.Educatorsarenowrecommendingthatreasoningskillsareemphasizedin

theclassroomsincerecenttestsindicatethatmanyteachersinthepasthave

ignoredtheseskills.

A.arenowrecommending

B.areemphasized

C.sincerecenttests

D.haveignored

【答案】B

【解析】此處recommend引導(dǎo)的從句需要使用虛擬語氣，即shouldbe

emphasized。

PartTwoReadingComprehension

Directions:Therearefivereadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageis

followedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthere

arefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice

andwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.(30%)

Questions41to44arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Inafamilywheretherolesofmenandwomenarenotsharplyseparatedand

wheremanyhouseholdtasksaresharedtoagreaterorlessextent,notionsof

malesuperiorityarehardtomaintain.Thepatternofsharingintasksandin

decisionsmakesforequality,andthisinreturnleadstofurthersharing.In

suchahomethegrowingboyandgirllearntoacceptthatequalitymore

easilythandidtheirparentsandtopreparemorefullyforparticipationona

worldcharacterizedbycooperationratherthanbythe“battleofthesexes.”

Iftheprocessgoestoofarandmen’sroleisregardedaslessimportant—and

thathashappenedinsomecases—weareasbadlyoffasbefore,onlyin

reverse.

ItistimetoreassesstheroleofthemanintheAmericanfamily.Weare

gettinglittletiredof“monism”—butwedon’twanttoexchangeitfora“noe-

Popism”.Whatweneed,rather,istherecognitionthatbringingupchildren

involvesapartnershipofequals.Therearesignsthatpsychiatrists,

psychologists,socialworkers,andspecialistsonthefamilyarebecoming

moreawareofthepartmenplayandthattheyhavedecidedthatwomen

shouldnotreceiveallthecredit—notalltheblame.Wehavealmostgivenup

sayingthatawoman’splaceisinthehome.Wearebeginning,however,to

analyzeman’splaceinthehomeandtoinsistthathedoeshaveaplaceinit.

Noristhatplaceirrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild.

Thefamilyisacooperativeenterpriseforwhichitisdifficulttolaydown

rules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaysforsolvingitsown

problems.

Excessiveauthoritarianismhasunhappyconsequences,whetheritwears

skirtsortrousers,andtheidealofequalrightsequalresponsibilitiesis

relevantnotonlytoahealthydemocracy,butalsotoahealthyfamily.

41.Thedangerinthesharingofhouseholdtasksbythemotherandfatheris

that_____.

A.roleofthefathermaybecomeaninferiorone

B.theroleofthemothermaybecomeaninferiorone

C.thechildrenwillgrowupbelievingthatlifeisabattleofthesexes

D.sharingleadstoconstantarguing

42.Accordingtotheauthor,thefather’sroleinthehomeis_____.

A.minorbecauseheisanineffectualparent

B.irrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild

C.pertinenttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild

D.identicaltotheroleofthechild’smother

43.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorbemostlikely

toagree?

A.Healthy,cooperativefamilyisabasicingredientofahealthsociety.

B.Menarebasicallyopposedtosharinghouseholdchores.

C.Divisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiesisworkableonlyintheory.

D.Awoman’splaceisinthehome—nowasalways.

44.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Americanfamiliesthatarerunbywomenarehappier.

B.TherolesofmenandwomenwillalwaysbeunequalintheAmerican

household.

C.Bothmenandwomenplayanimportantroleinahealthyfamily.

D.Womenshouldallowmentodomostoftheworkinthehome.

【答案與解析】

41.A文章第一段第一句提到“Inafamilywheretherolesofmenand

womenarenotsharplyseparatedandwheremanyhouseholdtasksareshared

toagreaterorlessextent,notionsofmalesuperiorityarehardto

maintain.”，在男女角色沒有明顯劃分，家務(wù)事或多或少由男女雙方共同

承擔(dān)的家庭中，男性至上的觀點是很難維持的。即家務(wù)事的分工會弱化

男性在家庭中的傳統(tǒng)地位。故本題選A。

42.C文章第三段最后一句指出“Noristhatplaceirrelevanttothehealthy

developmentofthechild.”，可知男性在家庭中的地位與孩子的健康成長

有著直接的關(guān)系。A、B、D項均與原文所屬內(nèi)容不符。故本題選C。

43.A文章第一段指出“Insuchahomethegrowingboyandgirllearnto

acceptthatequalitymoreeasilythandidtheirparentsandtopreparemore

fullyforparticipationonaworldcharacterizedbycooperationratherthanby

the‘battleofthesexes’”，即在平等、合作的家庭環(huán)境中長大的孩子，比

他們的父母更容易接受平等的觀念，并做好充分準備，去融入一個合作

的、而不是“性別大戰(zhàn)”的社會中。B、C兩項文中未提及，而D項與文章

所述內(nèi)容“Wehavealmostgivenupsayingthatawoman’splaceisinthe

home.”相反。故本題選A。

44.C文章最后一段“theidealofequalrightsequalresponsibilitiesis

relevantnotonlytoahealthydemocracy,butalsotoahealthyfamily.”點出

了全文主旨，即權(quán)利平等、責(zé)任平等的觀念與社會以及家庭的健康發(fā)展

密切相關(guān)。A、B、D三項均與主題無關(guān)。故本題選C。

Questions45to48arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Theimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintand

broadcastjournalistisreflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthe

topic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnot

limitedto,journalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandtexts,stressthe“how

to”aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsof

theinterview,itscontext,andimplications.Muchofthe“howto”materialis

basedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,in

journalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudy

ofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhich

broadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.

Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteraturein

journalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeen

devotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneral

textsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsother

thanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresent

thetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellastrainingofthe

interviewers.Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewing

payslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneral

literatureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseems

tobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeoplein

modernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinapositivemanner,

withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.Most

ofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthat

conductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationsthe

professionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformation

necessaryforthediagnosisandtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Another

familiarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactually

beeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.

Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewby

virtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,true

understandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,

requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.

45.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat_____.

A.generalizedprinciplesforjournalisticinterviewarechiefconcernfor

writersonJournalism

B.importanceshouldbeattachedtothesystematicstudyofjournalistic

interviewing

C.conceptsandcontextualimplicationsareofsecondaryimportanceto

journalisticinterviewing

D.personalexperiencesandgeneralimpressionsshouldbeexcludedfrom

journalisticinterviews

46.Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral_____.

A.sothetrainingofjournalisticinterviewerhaslikewisebeenstrengthened

B.thoughthestudyoftheinterviewingtechniqueshasn’treceivedmuch

attention

C.butjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunatelybeen

neglected

D.andtherehasalsobeenadramaticgrowthinthestudyofjournalistic

interviewing

47.Westernersarefamiliarwiththejournalisticinterview_____.

A.butmostofthemwishtostayawayfromit

B.andmanyofthemhopetobeinterviewedsomeday

C.andmanyofthemwouldliketoacquireatrueunderstandingofit

D.butmostofthemmaynothavebeeninterviewedinperson

48.Thepassageismostlikeapartof_____.

A.anewsarticle

B.ajournalisticinterview

C.aresearchreport

D.apreface

【答案與解析】

45.B文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句指出“Asweknow,injournalismasinother

fields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessional

practice.”，如同其他領(lǐng)域，新聞行業(yè)同樣需要系統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)和專業(yè)的訓(xùn)

練。A、D兩項文中未提及，C項與文中所述內(nèi)容矛盾。故選擇B項。

46.C文章第二段中間部分指出“Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliterature

aboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.”，關(guān)于

采訪的文獻有很多，但其中涉及新聞采訪的卻很少。A、D兩項文中未

提及，B項與原文內(nèi)容相反。故本題選C。

47.D文章倒數(shù)第三段指出“However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeen

interviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.”，雖然

現(xiàn)在西方人對新聞采訪一點也不陌生，但很少有人單獨接受過大眾媒體

的采訪。故本題選D。

48.D文章結(jié)尾處的“asthisbookindicates”，明確表示該文章來自一本

書，并且很有可能出自序言部分。故本題選D。

Questions49to52arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Thereisanewtypeifasmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommon

innewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong“situations

vacant”,althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappears

among“situationswanted”,althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingfor

ajobeither.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.

“Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”,or“Makeuseofourlong

experienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory”,ishowitis

usuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecialized

serviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.

Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitaeor

jobhistory”,withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminits

ownright.

Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.“Just

putdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”,

wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfor

theirfirstjobswhentheyleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,it

wasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.

Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletter

provedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceand

intelligentrepliesdidtherest.

Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymorecomplexwas

calledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletter,whichwould

distinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.“Your

searchisover.1amthepersonyouarelookingfor”wasawidelyusedtrick

thatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespecially

designedforthejobinview.

Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitistheincreasingnumberofapplicants

withuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathas

ledtothegreaterimportanceofcurriculumvitae.

49.Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirst-jobhunterswould_____.

A.writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistory

B.passmoreexamsbeforeapplyingforajob

C.havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwrite

D.keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview

50.Later,asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobs,onewasadvised

toincludeintheletter_____.

A.somethingthatwouldattracttoone’sapplication

B.apersonalopinionabouttheorganizationonewastryingtojoin

C.somethingthatwouldoffendthepersonreadingit

D.aliethatonecouldeasilygetawaywith

51.Thejobhistoryhasbecomesuchanimportantdocumentbecause_____.

A.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswithdegrees

B.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofjobadvertised

C.jobsarebecomingmuchmorecomplicatednowadays

D.theotherprocessesofapplyingforjobsaremorecomplicated

52.Theexpression“asyoumoveduptheladder”probablymeans_____.

A.asyouobtainedhigherpositions

B.asyoubecameolder

C.asyouwereunemployedforlongerperiodoftime

D.asyousentoutmoreandmorejobapplications

【答案與解析】

49.D從第三段的中間部分可知，以前找工作的畢業(yè)生在面試之前只會

將自己的姓名、地址、年齡和考試情況透露給對方，其他的任何信息都

有必要留到面試再提。其余三項文中都未提及。故本題選D。

50.A文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句提到“Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingin

theletter,whichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.”，在尋求更重要的職

位時，人們常常會在求職信中加上一些能讓自己與眾不同的東西。故可

知本題選A。

51.A文章最后一段表明，正是因為擁有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的求職者們越來越

多，才使得簡歷變得愈發(fā)重要。故本題選A。

52.A結(jié)合上下文，你追求的工作更高等，相應(yīng)的求職過程也會變得更

復(fù)雜?！癿oveduptheladder”即為追求更好的工作。故選擇A項。

Questions53to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Muchofmanymanagers’timeistakenupwithmeetings.Therearemeetings

withcolleaguestoagreeacourseofaction.Therearemeetingswithsuperiors

toreportandtodiscussfuturepolicies.Therearemeetingswithsubordinates.

Manywouldsaythattherearefartoomanymeetings;somewouldbeeven

lesspolite.Therecan,however,benodoubtthatmeetingsarepartofevery

manager’slife.Heshouldthereforeknowhowtocopewiththem.Heshould

knowtechniquesofcommunicationinmeetings.Heshouldknowhowtouse

thetechniquestohisownadvantage.

Itissometimessuggestedthatwhenamanagercan’tthinkwhattodo,he

holdsameeting.Butmeetingsinthemselvesarenotanendproduct,no

matterwhatsomemaythink.Theyaremerelyoneofmanymeansof

managementcommunication.Itmaywellbethataproblemcanbesolvedby

aone-to-onediscussion,face-to-face,orevenbytelephone.Iftheneedcanbe

metwithoutameeting,sobeit.

Letusthereforedefineameeting,inthemanagementsense,asthegathering

togetherofagroupofpeopleforacontrolleddiscussion,withaspecific

purpose.Eachofthoseattendingthemeetinghasaneedtobethereandboth

discussionanditsresultwouldnotbesowellachievedinanyotherway.Itis

oftenadvisabletocalculatethecostofameeting.Asimplemeetingofafew

peopleonmiddle-executivesalariescansoonrunintothree-figurecostsfor

wagesalone.Donot,therefore,haveunnecessarypeoplesittinginat

meetingsanddoensurethatallmeetingsarebothefficientandeffective.

53.Accordingtothepassage,_____.

A.ameetingistobeheldwhenthemanagerdoesnotknowwhattodo

B.managersarenotoftenrequiredtoattendmeetings

C.holdingameetingisanenditself

D.ameetingisintendedtobeacontrolleddiscussionwithadefinitepurpose

54.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostprobablyagree

with?

A.Meetingsarethemosteffectivemeansofcommunication.

B.Anuncontrolledmeetingismostunlikelytobeeffectiveorefficient.

C.Wherethereisaneedtobemet,thereisameeting.

D.Problemsrelatingtomanagementcannotbesolvedwithoutameetingof

somekind.

55.Itisimpliedinthelastfewinstancesthat_____.

A.theproblemtobediscussedatameetingshouldbesimpleandthe

membersofexecutivesshouldbelimitedto3innumber.

B.unnecessarypeoplemaystandbutnotsitinatmeetings

C.thewagesofthemiddleexecutivesforasimplemeetingmayrangefrom

onetoseveralhundredUSdollars

D.Itisoftenadvisabletoinviteonlythosepeopletoameetingwhosesalaries

arecomparativelylow

【答案與解析】

53.D文章最后一段第一句這樣定義了會議，即“一群人為了某一具體的

目的而進行的一定范圍內(nèi)的討論”。第二段提到開會僅僅是許多管理溝

通方式中的一種，并非所有問題都需要開會解決，A項過于絕對。B、C

兩項與原文內(nèi)容矛盾。故本題選D。

54.B文章最后一句提到“Donot,therefore,haveunnecessarypeoplesitting

inatmeetingsanddoensurethatallmeetingsarebothefficientand

effective.”，所有的與會人員都要與會議主題相關(guān)，這樣才能確保會議的

有效進行。其余三項文中都未提及。故本題選B。

55.C文章最后一段指出，在舉行會議之前最好先預(yù)算會議的開支，幾

名中層管理人員在一場小型會議的工作可能就會達到三位數(shù)。A、B兩

項文章未提到。D項表述過于片面，曲解了文章的意思。故本題選C。

PartThreeCloze

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblank

therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchooseONEthat

bestfitsintothepassage.ThenwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

(20%)

Ecologyisthescienceofhowlivingcreaturesandplantsexisttogetherand

dependoneachotherandonthelocalenvironment.Whereanenvironmentis

undisturbed,theecologyofanareais(56)______balance,butifacreatureis

exterminatedoranalienspecies(57)______,thentheecologyofthedistrict

willbeupset—inother(58)______,thebalanceofnaturewillbe(59)______.

Manisapartofthe(60)______andhasdonemoretoupsettheecology

during(61)______shortspanonearththan(62)______otherlivingcreature.

Hehasdonethisbyhisignorance,his(63)______,histhoughtless

foolishnessandhisuncontrolledwastefulness.

Hehaspoisonedthe(64)______andpollutedbothlandandwater.Hehas

wastedtheearth’snatural(65)______withnothoughtforthefuture,andhas

thoughtoutthemostdevastatingwaysofkillinghisfellowmen—andevery

othersortoflifeatthesametime.

Sincemanhasdonesomuch(66)______,itis(67)______tomantotryto

putmatters(68)______ifitisnotalreadytoo(69)______.Ifthereisany

remedyforourills,thatremedyultimatelyliesinthehandsofthe

(70)______,andthesoonertheystartdoingsomethingaboutit,the

(71)______.

Oneofthemain(72)______oftheearth’stroublesisthattheworldis

overpopulatedandthatthisoverpopulationisgrowingataneverincreasing

rate.Atthesametim