2021年大連市第四十四中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷及答案解析

2021年大連市第四十四中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷及答案解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)ANAME:JohnFAVORITESPORT:BasketballFAVORITESNACK:PizzaHOBBY:PhotographyPET:BeaglenaFUNNIESTMOMENT:“OnMax'sbirthday,wesangthe‘HappyBirthday’songtohimandhegotamonthlater,myfamilysang‘HappyBirthday’tome.Maxgotsoexcitedbecauseheremembwhined(嘀咕)whenhedidn'tgetatreat,sowegavehimone.”NAME:SarahFAVORITESPORT:TrackandfieldFAVORITESNACK:GranolaFUNNIESTMOMENT:“Onedayinmykindergarten,IopenedMylittlebrotherhadplayedhisfirstpracticaljoke.Thanks,Bryan!”FAVORITESPORT:BaseballFAVORITESNACK:ApplewithpeanutbutterHOBBY:MakingcomicsPET:TropicalfishFUNIESTMOMENT:“Inaschoolplay,Iwassupposedtosaytheline‘Stoprightthere,cowboy!’Devinwplayingthecowboy,and1said,‘Stoprightthere,Devin!’IDevincrackedup.Theneverybodyelselaughed,too,includingme.”NAME:ScottFAVORITESPORT:SoccerFAVORITESNACK:BananasHOBBY:DrawingdinosaursFUNNIESTMOMENT:“Onenight,wewerecampinginastatepark.Iheardaloudthumping(砰砰作響)outsidethetent.Iwassurethatitwasabear!Iusedmyflashlighttolookarlittletoadhoppingaway,goingthump,thump,thump!”1.Whomwillyougetintouchwithifyoualsoliketakingphotos?A.Scott.B.Sarah.2.WheredidSarahfindthetennisballandthesock?A.Atherfriend'sbirthdayparty.3.Outsidethetent,whatthumpedthatnight?C.Afish.D.Atoad.BTheNativeAmericanofnorthernCaliforniawerehighlyskilledatbasketry,usingthereeds,graeses,barks,androotstheyfoundaroundthemtofashionarticlesofallsortsandsizes-notonlytrays,containers,andcookingpots,buthats,boats,fishtraps,babycarriers,andceremonialobjects.Ofalltheseexperts,noneexcelledthePomo-agroupwholivedonornearthecoastduringthe1800's,andwhosedescendantscontinuetoliveinpartsofthesameregiontothisday.Theymadebaskdiameterandothersnobiggerthanathimble(頂針).ThePomopeopleweremastersofdecoration.Someoftheirbasketswerecompletelycoveredwithshellpendants；otherswithfeatherstasthebreastsofbirds.Moreover,thePomopeoplemadeuseofmoreweavingtechniquesthandidtheirneighbors.Mostgroupsmadealtheirbasketworkbytwining--thetwistingofaflexiblehorizontalmaterial,calledaweft,aroundstifferverticalstrandsofmaterial,thewarp.Othersdependedprimarilyoncoiling-aprocessinwhichacontinuouscoilofstiffmaterialisheldinthedesiredshapewithtightwrappingofflexiblestrands.OnlythePomopeopleusedbothprocesseswithequaleaseandfrequency.Inaddition,thvariationsonthebasictwiningprocess,oftenemployingmorethanoneoftheminasinglearticle.Althoughawidevarietyofmaterialswasavailable,thePomopeopleusedonlyafew.Thewarpwasalwaysmadeofwillow,andthemostcommonlyusedweftwassedgeroot,awoodyfiberthatcouldeasilybeseparatedintostrandsnothickerthanathread.Forcolor1,thePomopeopleusedthebarkofred-budfortheirtwinedworkanddyedbullrushrootforblackincoiledwork.Thoughothermaterialsweresometimesused,thesefourwerethestaplesintheirfinestbasketry.IfthebasketrymaterialsusedbythePomopeoplewerelimited,thedesignswereamazinglyvaried.EveryPomobasketmakerknewhowtoproducefromfifteentotwentydistinctpatternsthatcouldbecombinedinanumberofdifferent.4.Theword“fashion”inA.maintainB.organizeC.trade5.Whatistheauthor'smainA.TheneighborsofthePomopeopletriedtoimproveonthePomobasketweavingtechniques.B.ThePomopeoplewerethemostskilledbasketweaversintheirregion.C.ThePomopeoplelearnedtheirbasketweavingtechniquesfromotherNativeAmericans.D.ThePomobasketshavebeenhandeddownforgenerations.6.Accordingtothepassage,therelationshipbetweenred-budandtwiningismostsimilartotherelationshipbetween.A.bullrushandcoilingB.weftandwarpC.willowandfeathersD.sedgeandweaving7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutPomobasketscanbebestinferredfromthepassage?A.BasketsproducedbyotherNativeAmericanswerelessvariedindesignthanthoseofthePomo.B.BasketsproducedbyPomoweaveswereprimarilyforceremonialandreligiouspurposes.C.Therewereaverylimitednumberofbasket-makingmaterialsavailabletothePomopeople.D.Thebasket-makingproductionofthePomopeoplehasbeenincreasingovertheyears.CWhenyousaytheworddonkey,whatthingscometoyourmind?Afewpeoplemightsaythey’recute,butthemajoritythinkthey’restubborn,dumbandall-roundlesscapablethantheirhorses.However,thiswasn’tthecaseforarecentlyunearthedancientChinesenoblewomanwhowasunexpectedlyfoundburiedwithherdonkeys.PublishedinthejournalAntiquityinMarch,Chinesearchaeologists(考古學(xué)家)firstdiscoveredthetombinXi’an,Shaanxi,in2012.TheteamexaminedtheremainsandidentifiedthebodyasCuiShi,aTangDynastyhigh-bornlaSpeakingtoScienceMagazinein2012,thestudy’sco-author,FionaMarshall,saidthefindingcausedconfusionas“donkeys…arenotaHowever,followingyearsoffurtherresearch,theteamdiscoveredartworksandartifactsthatshowedasportknownas“Lvju”.Thiswassimilartomodern-daypolo(馬球)antime.Theypreferredtousedonkeysinsteadoffull-sizedhorsesforsafetyreasons,duetotheirsmallersizeandslowerspeed.SpeakingtoCNN,Marshalllatersaid,“HistoricaldocumentsalsoshowedthatladiesofthelateTangcourtlovedtoplaydonkeypolo.”AtthattimeinChinesehistory,animalswereoftenplacedintombssothattheycouldbeusedforaspecificpurposeintheafterlife.ThestudydeterminedthatCuiShilikelyrequestedthatherbeloveddonkeysbeburiedwithher,sothatshecouldcontinueherfavoritesportafterdeath.Intotal,threedonkeyswerefoundinsidehertombwithridinggear(裝備),includingstirrups(馬鐙).“Thiscontextprovidesevidencethatthedonkeysinhertombwereforpolo,nottransport,”leadauthorHuSongmeioftheShaanxiAcademyofArchaeologytoldScienceMagazine.Beforethestudy,itwasbelievedthatdonkeyswereonlyusedtocarthemasasignofachievinghighsocialstatus(地位),well,inancienttimes.8.Whatdomostpeoplethinkofdonkeys,accordingtothetext?A.Theyareasadorable(可愛的)ashorses.B.Theyarestubbornandnotsocapable.C.Theywerenecessaryinancientsports.D.Theywereasignofhighsocialstatus.9.WhydidFionaMarshallfeelconfusedwhenshediscoveredthedonkeys?A.Shedidn’tconnectdonkeyswithnobles.B.Shehadn’tseendonkeysinancienttombsbefore.C.Shedidn’texpecttofinddonkeysinawoman’stomb.D.Shedidn’tunderstandwhyanimalswereinhumantombs.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthesport“Lvju”fromthetext?C.Lvjuwaspopularamongcommonpeople.D.Donkeyswerepreferredinthesportforsafety.11.ThedonkeyswerefoundinthetombofCuiShiprobablybecause.A.sheintendedtousethemfortransportafterdeathB.herfamilydidn’twanthC.shewantedtocontinuetoplayLvjuafterdeathD.noblewomenneededdonkeystomaintaintheirdignityDThisyearresearchersexpecttheworldtosnap1.35trillionphotographs,orabout3.7billionperday.Allreasonwhymanypeoplestoretheirimagesinthecloud.Butunlikeahardondrivewhprotectitsdata,cloudstorageusershavetotrustthatatechplatformwillkeeptheirprivatepicturessafe.NowateamofColumbiaUniversitycomputerscientistshasdevelopedatooltoencrypt(加密)imagesstoredonmanypopularcloudserviceswhileallowingauthorizeduserstobrowseanddisplaytheirphotographsasusual.Malicious(惡意的)attemptstoaccessorleakcloud-basedphotographscanexposepersonalinformation.InNovember2019,forexample,abuginthepopularphotographstorageappGooglePhotosmistakenlysharedsomeusers'privatevideoswithstrangers.Securityexpertsalsoworryaboutemployeesatcloudstoragecompaniesonpurposeaccessingusers'images.SotheColumbiaresearcherscameupwithasystemcalledEasySecurePhotos(ESP),whichtheypresentedatarecentconference.“Wewantedtoseeifwecouldmakeitpossibletoencryptdatawhileusingexistingservices,”sayscomputerscientistJasonNieh,oneofthedevelopersofESP.“EveryonewantstostaywithGooglePhotosandnothavetoregisteronanewencrypted-imagecloudstorageservice.”Toovercomethisproblem,theycreatedatoolthatpreservesblocksofpixelsbutmovesthemaroundtoeffectivelyhidethephotograph.First,ESP'salgorithm(算法)dividesaphotographintothreeseparatefiles,eachonecontainingtheimage'sred,greenorbluecolor1data.Thenthesystemhidesthepixelblocksaroundamongthesethreefiles(allowingablockfromtheredfile,forinstance,tohideoutinthegreenorblueones).Buttheprogramdoesnothingwithinthepixelblocks,wherealltheimageprocessinghappens.Asaremainunchangedimagesbutenduplookinglikegrainyblack-and-whiteonestoanyonewhoaccessestwithoutthedecryption(解密)key.12.What'sprobablythemainpurposeforpeopletostoreimagesinthecloud?A.Tosavestorageroom.BC.Totryanewstorageway.D.Tokeept13.Whymightemployeesincloudstoragecompaniesbedistrustedbyexperts?A.Theysellusers'passwords.C.Theyoftenletoutpersonalinformation.D.Theymaystealaglanceatusers'images.14.What'stheadvantageofESP?B.ItcandecreasetheuploadtiC.Itcanclassifyimagesautomatically.D.Itcanencryptdataontheoriginalplatform.15.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Methodofdecryption.B.Image-processingtechnique.C.Separatefilesofimages.D.Dataanalysisofcolor1s.閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Human'sGreatestAchievementsTheEarthis4.5billionyearsold,butthehumanracehaslivedonitforjust200,000yearwehaveachievedamazingthings. Thelistisalmostendless.Theinventionoftheairplanehaschangfantibioticshassavedthelivesofmillionsofpeople.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutelectricity?Whatabouttheprintingpress?Withouttheprintingpress,youwouldn'tbegreatachievementsincommunication,suchasradio,TV,computers,theInternet,andsmartphones.17Whataboutthearts?Theartshavebroughtpleasuretomanypeople,butaretheBeatlesandBachmimportantthanantibiotics?18Finally,wemustnotforgethumans’earlyachievements.19Wecan'timaginemodernlifewithoutcookedfoodandcars.Whatarehumans’greatestachievements?Toanswerthequestion,weneedtodecidewhatwemeanby“great”.20Orisitjustsomethingthatmakesussay“Wow”liketheGreatWall?Whatdoyouthink?A.Doyouthinkitisdifficulttohavegreatachievements?C.Weenjoythesethingseverydaybecausetheyarefreetouse.D.Theyusedfireforcookingandheatingandinventedthewheel.E.Manyofhumans’greatachievementsareinscienceandtechnology.F.AndisMickeyMouseasimportantanachievementasgoingtospace?G.Wecouldprobablylivewithoutthem,butlifewouldn'tbeasinteresting.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)HecamefromsomewheresouthofRome.Ididn'tknowwhenorhoButoneeveningIfoundhimstandinginthedriveway,behindmygarage,extremelythin."MynameTonyTrivionnoandImow（割）yourlawn."hesaid.Itwashardhis22English."Imowyourlawn,"hesaidagainandwalkedaway.Yes,theseDepressionevening,thelawnhadbeenmowed,thewalks25andthegardenweeded.26,mywifehim,behindmygarageagainandbusyaround.Imanagedto31somesmallweeklypayforhimandeachdayhecleaneducareofanylittle32.Hewasveryhelpfulwhenevertherewereanyheavyobjectstoliftort"Iwanttobeanapprentice（學(xué)徒”hesaidoneday.33wehadagoTonycametoAmericaseekingtheAmericanDream.Buthedidnotfindit-he39ithimself.Tonhadwere24hoursaday.Hewastednoneofthemandsucceededfinally.21.A.swamB.cycledC.drove22.A.repeatedB.broken23.A.specialB.boring25.A.sweptB.decorated26.A.HopefullyB.FortunatelyC.Apparently27.A.hired28.A.impressionB.experienceC.doubt30.A.wanderedB.thoughtC.worriedD.forgot