文檔2004年10月TOEFL試題

太傻超級論壇TOEFL備考專版PAGEPAGE42004年10月TOEFL試題PARTONEListening1.(A)Shelikestheviewofthemountainsinwinter.(B)ShehasneverbeeninMontana.(C)Themanshouldtakeawintervacation.(D)ThemanwouldnotenjoylivinginMontanaallyear.2.(A)Heplanstogotothedance.(B)Hedoesnotenjoydancing.(C)Hehassomethingelsetodotonight.(D)Heplanstogotothenextdance.3.(A)Thewomanshouldgotothegamewithhimtonight.(B)Thegamewillnotbeontelevision.(C)Theresultsofthegamewereannouncedinthenewspaper.(D)Thewomancanfindtheinformationaboutthegameinthenewspaper.4.(A)Shejustfinishedstudyingfortheexam.(B)Sheisnotcertainwhatmaterialwillbecoveredontheexam.(C)Sheneedstopreparealittlemorefortheexam.(D)Sheiswillingtohelpthemanstudyfortheexam.5.(A)Goouttoeatwithherparents(B)Findaplacetoliveneartheharbor(C)Getajobatarestaurant(D)Introducehimtoherparents6.(A)Lethisbossknowthatheplanstoquit(B)Askhisbosstogivehimmoretimeoff(C)Recommendthewomanforapromotion(D)Reconsiderhisdecisionabouthisjob7.(A)Sheisgoingtostartanewexperiment.(B)SheisplanningtostarttheexperimentonFriday.(C)Shereceivedadditionaltimetofinishtheexperiment.(D)Shedoesnotplantofinishtheexperiment.8.(A)Shethinksthemanisfunny.(B)Shewillmeetthemanfordinnertonight.(C)Shegotsickfromlastnight'sdinner.(D)Shefeelsbetterthanshedidlastnight.9.(A)HehasalreadyspokentoProfessorOdell.(B)ProfessorOdellwillprobablyexcusehisabsence.(C)HehasnevermissedProfessorOdell'sclass.(D)ProfessorOdellwasnotinclasstoday.10.(A)Askherbrotherforaridetotheconference(B)Findadifferenthotel(C)Payfortheconferenceinadvance(D)Cancelhishotelreservation11.(A)HeforgottophoneAmyearliertoday.(B)HedoesnotknowAmy'snewphonenumber.(C)Amy'sphonenumberhasnotchanged.(D)ThewomanshouldaskAmytbrthephonenumber.12.(A)Thestorewillhavemoreshirtstomorrow.(B)Thestorewillnotbesellingblueshirtsanymore.(C)Themanshouldcheckotherstoresfortheshirt.(D)Theshirtswillbelessexpensiveafterthegame.13.(A)Helikestogiveparties.(B)Hedoesnotliketoattendparties.(C)HedoesnotworkonFridays.(D)Peopleenjoyhiscompany.14.(A)Hisclasslastedlongerthanusual.(B)Hegotlostonthewaytothemovie.(C)Hedidnotknowwhattimethemoviestarted.(D)Hedidnotpayattentiontothetime.15.(A)HeismuchlesspatientthanNancy.(B)ThewomanshouldplaytenniswithNancy.(C)Nancywillgoplaytennissoon.(D)Nancyshouldpickupherracketatthepostoffice.16.(A)Hisgradewasnotasgoodasthewoman'sgrade.(B)Hethinksthecoursewaseasy.(C)Heexpectedtogetagoodgrade.(D)Hedidnotexpecttolikethecourse.17.(A)Themanlooksveryniceinasuitandtie.(B)Themandidnotneedtochangeclothes.(C)Shelikesthesweaterthemaniswearing.(D)Shedoesnotthinkjeansareappropriate.18.(A)Hehasbeenspendingtoomuchtimedoingsports.(B)Heisalreadyamemberofseveralsocialorganizations.(C)Hisclassesalreadyinvolvealotofcommunitywork.(D)Heisverybusywithhisacademicwork.19.(A)Studyhernotesovertheweekend(B)GivethemanhernotesuntilMonday(C)Takethequizbeforethemandoes(D)Asktohavethequizpostponed20.(A)Hecannotwalkbecausehisfootisbroken.(B)Hewillhavetoseethedoctoragain.(C)Heneedstotakesomemedicine.(D)Hefeelsrelievedabouthisinjury.21.(A)Hedoesnotwanttocontinueontheprojecttoday.(B)Hewillworkontheprojectwithoutthewoman.(C)Hedoesnotknowwhentheprojectisdue.(D)Itwilltakefivehourstofinishtheproject.33.(A)Hisstudentsarenotreallyinterestedinscience.(B)Hisstudentsaresciencemajorswhoalreadyknowthematerial.(C)HisstudentshavedifficultyunderstandingEnglish.(D)Hisstudentsfindthelabworktoodifficult.34.(A)Sherelatesideastostudents'outsideinterests.(B)Sheplaysmusictorelaxstudents.(C)Shecreatesunusualvideosofherstudents.(D)Sheappliesscientificprinciplestofilmmaking.35.(A)Hefeelsunqualifiedtotryit.(B)Hewantsmoreinformationaboutit.(C)Hehasalreadytriedit.(D)Hedoesnotthinkitwillwork.36.(A)Whatcausesblistersonfeet(B)Howtostaycoolonahotday(C)Whathappenedintoday'sphysicsclass(D)Whatismeantbyspecificheat37.(A)Thecoldwater(B)Thehotsand(C)Hisphysicsclass(D)Hiscollege38.(A)Itstemperaturedoesnotchangeverymuchfromseasontoseason.(B)Itsspecificheatishardtomeasure.(C)Ittakesquitealotofenergytoraiseitstemperature.(D)Itbecomeswarmerasitcomesincontactwithsand.39.(A)ThegrowthoftheAmericanElmSociety(B)Growingnewkindsofelmtrees(C)Theimportanceofelmtrees(D)AproblemaffectingtheAmericanelm40.(A)Theirinabilitytocirculatewater(B)Theirincreasedsensitivitytoheat(C)Lowreproductiverates(D)Heavypollutionintheatmosphere41.(A)Itisdamagedbyextremelydryweather.(B)Itloseswatertostrongertrees.(C)Insectsdestroythetree'sbark.(D)Certainbeetlesintroduceafungustothetree.42.(A)Bycontrollingthecarriersofthedisease(B)Bygrowingastrongerkindoftheelm(C)Bywateringinfectedelmtrees(D)Bycuttingdownallinfectedelms43.(A)Whynaïveartissopopulartoday(B)TheinfluenceofFrenchartonAmericanart(C)SomecharacteristicsofnaiveAmericanart(D)Theeducationofnaiveartists44.(A)Theypaintedintheirsparetime.(B)Theylackedformalarttraining.(C)Theyusedamoretraditionalapproachtocolor.(D)Theyfollowedrulesestablishedbyartschools.45.(A)Theylackbrightcolors.(B)Theyarerealisticdepictions.(C)Theyfollowancienttraditions.(D)TheyareinferiortoFrenchnaivepaintings.46.(A)Theirworkswereunsigned.(B)Manyoftheirworksweredestroyed.(C)Theyneverstayedinoneplaceforalongtime.(D)Theyworkedforonlyafewyears.47.(A)WhyAmericanindustriesgrewrapidlyinthenineteenthcentury(B)HowadvancesintransportationhelpedAmericancitiesdevelop(C)TransportationbetweenthecitiesoftheUnitedStates(D)GreatAmericaninventorsofthenineteenthcentury48.(A)Itwasnolongerpossibletokeephorses.(B)Itwasdifficulttofindjobs.(C)Theycouldnolongerwalktowork.(D)Theyhadtopaymorefortheirhousing.49.(A)Theycouldbecontrolledindependently.(B)Theywerefireresistant.(C)Theycouldkeepoperatingforalongerperiodoftime.(D)Theyofferedmoreroomforpassengers.50.(A)Itmadethesubwaysmuchquieter.(B)Itbroughtelectriclighttothetunnels.(C)Itallowedpassengerstobreathecleanerairinthetunnels.(D)Itallowedsubwaystoberepairedinexpensively.PARTTWOGrammar1.Inertialnavigation,avitalroleinspaceexploration,employsdevicescalledaccelerometerstomeasureaccelerationsofspacecraft.

(A)itplays

(B)whichplays

(C)whichitplays

(D)inwhichplays

2.

theyrelyonexternalsourcesofwarmth,amphibiansincoolregionshibernatethroughthewinter.

(A)Because

(B)Byreasonof

(C)Dueto

(D)Sincethat

3.In1846

agreedupontheboundariesseparatingwhatwouldbecomeWashingtonandBritishColumbia.

(A)whentheCanadianandUnitedStatesgovernments

(B)theCanadianandUnitedStatesgovernmentswhich

(C)withtheCanadianandUnitedStatesgovernments

(D)theCanadianandtheUnitedStatesgovernments,

4.Prizedforcenturiesfortheirbeauty,rosesareprobablytheworld's

plants.

(A)cultivatedornamentalmostwidely

(B)ornamentalwidelycultivatedmost

(C)

mostwidelycultivatedornamental

(D)widelyornamentalmostcultivated

5.Inarea,MontanaisthefourthlargeststateintheUnitedStates,itranksforty-fourthinpopulation.

(A)nor

(B)inspiteof

(C)how

(D)but

6.LarchandsprucetreesinbogsandwetareasofthenorthernUnitedStates.

(A)found

(B)arefound

(C)havefound

(D)finding

7.OstricheggsarelargerofanyOtherlivinganimal;theymaybe150mmlongand127mmwideandhaveashell1.97mmthick.

(A)thanthose

(B)ofthose

(C)thosethat

(D)than

8.Althoughrainfallsthroughoutmostoftheworld,inAntarctica,andinafewotherplaces,precipitationoccursasiceandsnow.

(A)andall

(B)all

(C)whereall

(D)itisall

9.tolearnabouthumanoriginsandevolution,thephysicalanthropologiststudiesfossilremainsandobservesthebehaviorofotherprimates.

(A)Becausetrying

(B)Dotheytry

(C)Thereistrying

(D)Intrying

10.wheretheAmericancraftmovementseemstohaveflourishedmostvigorously,partlythroughitsassociationwiththePrairieSchoolofArchitecture.

(A)WastheMidwest

(B)TheMidwestas

(C)ItwastheMidwest

(D)TheMidwestbeing!

11.astasteisreallyacompositesensemadeupofbothtasteandsmell.

(A)Towhichwerefer

(B)Whatdowereferto

(C)Thatwerefertoit

(D)Whatwereferto

12.LorraineHansberry'splayARaisinintheSunwastobeproducedonBroadway.

(A)thefirstdramathatallAfricanAmericanwoman

(B)anAfricanAmericanwomanwhosefirstdrama

(C)anAfricanAmericanwoman'sdramathatfirst

(D)thefirstdramabyanAfricanAmericanwoman

13.WhenchangesinthetiltoftheEarthrelativetotheSunshiftthelocationofSouthAmerica'swarmestzone,withit.

(A)therainsgo

(B)asgotherains

(C)whichtherainstogo

(D)andtherainsgoing

14.TheUnitedStatesgovernmentsharesgovernmentalpowerswiththestatesunderthefederalsystem.bytheUnitedStatesConstitution.

(A)establishedit

(B)whichestablished

(C)andestablished

(D)established

15.Achallengingnewareaininorganicchemistryistheroleoftransitionmetalsinthebiochemicalcatalystscalledenzymes.

(A)thatofunderstanding

(B)tohaveunderstanding

(C)theunderstanding

(D)understandingthat16.Thehermitcrab,acrustaceanthatusesanemptyshellasaportablerefugetocoveritssoftABCabdomen,changesshellsasgrows.DDCBA17.Inthemid-1960'smanyartistsbegantoworkingoutdoorsonalargescale,makingthelandscaperatherthanthestudiotheirarena.DCBADCBA18.ElectoralpoliticsintheUnitedStateshasbeendominatedbytwopoliticalpartiessincetheadministerofGeorgeWashington.DCBADCBA19.ArtDeed,astyleofdesignpopularinthe1920'sand1930's,wasusedprimarilyinfurniture,jewel,textiles,andinteriordecoration.DCBADCBA20.Initiallyintroducedin1852,thegyroscopeconsistsaspinningdevice,usuallyintheformofawheel,thatexhibitsstrongangularmomentum.DCBADCBA21.Themembranesurroundingasingle-celledanimalorplantoranyindividualcellinamulticellularorganismisimportantintherespiratoryandnutritionallyprocessesofthatcell.DCBADCBA22.Inthenineteenthcentury,movingfromcrowdedBritaintorelativelysparselypopulatedNorthAmericawereseenbymanyBritishasanactofpatriotism.DCBADCBA23.TheFourthAmendmenttotheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesregulatestherightofthegovernmenttosearchacitizen'spersonalandproperty.DCBADCBA24.Thecolorandpageantry,keenrivalry,andhighlevelofcompetitionbothcontributetothegreatworldwideinterestintheOlympicGames.DCBAADCB25.AlthoughhavetherebeenbettersingersandactressesthanEthelWaters,nonetypifiestherisefromragstorichesmoredramaticallythanshe.ADCBDCBA26.ThecollegethatbecameHarvardUniversity,theoldestinstitutionofhigherlearningattheUnitedStates,wasfoundedinDCBADCBA27.InaeclipseoftheSun,theregionsofumbraexperiencetotaleclipseandthoseofpenumbra,partialeclipse.DCBADCBA28.Paleoanthropologistsexaminefossilremainsofextinctprimates,whilephysicalanthropologistsconcernwithethologystudythebehaviorofprimatesintheirnaturalsettings.DCBADCBA29.Mostoceanwavesaregeneratedbywindcurrentthatagitatethewater'ssurface.DCBADCBA30.Someseedsareviable,orcapableofgrowingintohealthyplants,foronlyafewdaysafterfallfromtheparenttree.DCBADCBA31.Statisticsindicatethatapproximateevery22years--withinarangeof3to4years--amajordroughtoccursintheUnitedStates.DCBACBA32.TheworkofSarahOarneJewet,care-nineteenth-centurywriter,reflectsaconcerninthealienatingconsequence,ofcondustrializationandurbanization.CBADCBAD33.Seismicwavesgeneratedbyanearthquakeorlargeexplosioncanberecordedthousandsofkilometerfromtheresource.DCBADDCBA34.AftertheUnitedStatesbecameindependent,thecureofmorefertilelandsdrewsteadilyNewEnnglandersintotheOhioVallyeandtheBritishcolonyofUpperCanada.DCBACDBA35.Foundinalloceansthevariousspeciesofelectricraysusethechargetheycangenerateforbothstunnmgpreyorwardingoffpredators.CDBADCBA36.Bariumisasoft,heavy,silverywhitemetallicelementthatreadilyreactswithanotherelementstoformusefulcompounds.DCBADCBA37.Amongthemostcomplexcryslalsarethatofsilicondioxide,whichhassevendifferentstructuresatvarjoustemperaturesandpressures,themostcommonbeingquartz.DCBADCBA38.Animalshavetocopewithandcontrolphysicalandchemicalprocessesthatdonotnecessarilyacttobenefitoftheanimal.DCBADCAB39.By1810the23townsofHampshireCounty,Massachusetts,hadreachedaremarkableuniformofeconomicdevelopmentDCABDCBA40.Withmorethanhalftheworld'sannualyieldof50milliontonsofsoybeans,animportantsourceofprotein,isgrownintheUnitedStates.DCBAPartThreeReadingTheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorian

JulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byart

historians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeanculture

duringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.Theconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothis

periodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRoman

culturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.Scholarsandartistsofthe

fifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman-as

opposedtospiritual-values.Fulfillmentinlife-asopposedtoconcernaboutanafterlife-

becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoying

thepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.Artistsandwritersnowturnedto

secularaswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandable

andappealing.

ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissance

period--howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,

experienced,discussed,anddisseminated.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,

sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebeingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactually

hearancientmusic-althoughtheycouldreadthewritingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,

essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearned

aboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusic

didnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardino

Cirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicians

tofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohad

rediscoveredancientartandliterature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstate

ofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidly

duringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries-thatwe

cannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

(A)ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

(B)ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

(C)TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle

(D)TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

2.Whatdoestheauthormeanbyusingtheword“eventually”inline3?

(A)Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”aftertheotherhistoriansdid

(B)Thatmostmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”

(C)Theterm“Renaissance”becamewidelyusedbyarthistoriansbutnotbymusichistorians

(D)Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”verydifferentlythanithadbeenusedbyJulesMichelet

3.Thephrase"frownedon"inline11isclosestinmeaningto

(A)givenup

(B)forgottenabout

(C)arguedabout

(D)disapprovedof

4.Theword“now”inline11refersto

(A)tiletimeoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome

(B)theperiodoftheRenaissance

(C)1855

(D)thetimeatwhichtheauthorwrotethepassage

5.WhereinthepassagedoestheauthormentionwheretheRenaissanceinterestinclassicalideasfirstappeared?

(A)LinesI-4

(B)Lines4-6

(C)Lines8-9

(D)Lines11-13

6.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof

(A)communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

(B)spiritualityineverydaylife

(C)aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

(D)religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

7.Accordingtothepassage,Renaissanceartistsandwritershadallofthefollowingintentions

EXCEPT

(A)tousereligiousthemes

(B)toportrayonlythepleasantpartsofhumanexperience

(C)toproduceartthatpeoplewouldfindattractive

(D)tocreateworksthatwereeasilyunderstood

8.Theword"disseminated"inline16isclosestinmeaningto

(A)played

(B)documented

(C)spread

(D)analyzed

9.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthemusicofancientGreeceandRome?

(A)Itexpresseddifferentidealsthanclassicalsculpture,paintingandpoetry.

(B)Itwasplayedoninstrumentsthatarefamiliartomodernaudiences.

(C)IthadthesameeffectonRenaissanceaudiencesasithadwhenoriginallyperformed.

(D)Itseffectonlistenerswasdescribedinanumberofclassicaltexts.

10.Accordingtothepassage,whywasBemardinoCirillodisappointedwiththemusicofhistime?

(A)itwasnotcomplexenoughtoappealtomusicians.

(B)Ithadlittleemotionalimpactonaudiences.

(C)Itwastoodependentontheartandliteratureofhistime.

(D)Itdidnotcontainenoughreligiousthemes.

11.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenaissancemusicalstyle?

(A)ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle.

(B)ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle.

(C)RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians.

(D)DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong.

Thethick,woollyfleeceofthedomesticsheepisitsdistinguishingfeatureandthe

sourceofmuchofitseconomicimportance.Yetonlyamoment,inevolutionaryterms,

haspassedsincethedomesticsheephadacoatresemblingthatofmanyotherwildLine

animals.Asrecentlyas8,000yearsago,itwascoverednotinawhite,continuously

growingmassofwoolbutinabrowncoatconsistingofanouterarrayofkemps,or

coarsehairs,thatwasshedannuallyandafinewoollyundercoatthatalsomolted.Such

ananimalcouldnothavesupportedthetechnologythathasgrownuparoundthedomestic

sheep--theshearing,dyeing,spinning,andweavingofwool--anybetterthancoulda

wildsheepsuchasthebighornofNorthAmerica,

Muchoftheselectivebreedingthatledtothefleecetypesknowntodaytookplace

inprehistory,andeventhelaterdevelopmentswentlargelyunchronicled.Yetotherkinds

ofrecordssurvive,inthreeforms.Specimensofwoolfromaslongagoas1500B.C.have

beenfound,mostlyasancienttextiles,butalsointheformofsheepskins.Antique

depictionsofsheepinsculpture,relief,andpaintinggiveevenearliercluestothecharacter

ofancientfleeces.Thelongestlineofevidencetakestheformofcertainprimitivebreeds

thatarestilltendedinremoteareasorthatescapedfromcaptivitylongagoandnowlive

inthewild.Theyretainthecharacteristicsofancientsheep,providinglivingsnapshotsof

theprocessthatgaverisetomodernfleeces.

12.Whattopicdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

(A)Theeconomicimportanceofsheepthroughtheages

(B)Thedevelopmentoftextilecraftsandtechnologies

(C)Theevolutionofthefleeceofdomesticsheep

(D)Theinfluenceoftechnologyonwoolmanufacturing

13.Theword“source”inline2isclosestinmeaningto

(A)quantity

(B)result

(C)basis

(D)cost

14.Accordingtothepassage,theoutercoatofsheep8,000yearsagowas

(A)white

(B)coarse

(C)warmerthanthatofbighornsheep

(D)similartothatofthemodernsheep

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconcludedaboutwildsheep,ascomparedwithdomesticsheep?

(A)Theyareevolvingmorerapidly.

(B)Theyhavethickercoats.

(C)Theyareoflesseconomicimportance.

(D)Theyarelesssimilartobighornsheep.

16.Theword“unchronicled”inline11isclosestinmeaningto

(A)unquestioned

(B)unexplained

(C)unnoticed

(D)unrecorded

17.Whatdoestheauthormentionasevidenceofthecharacteristicsofancientsheep?

(A)Representationsofsheepinantique

(B)Ancienttalesaboutsheep

(C)Documentsdescribingsheep

(D)Skeletonsofsheep

18.Theword“clues”inline14isclosestinmeaningto

(A)proofs

(B)indications

(C)colors

(D)variations

19.Inline17,theauthorusestheterm“l(fā)ivingsnapshots”toreferto

(A)photographsofearlytypesofsheep

(B)earlygunsusedforhuntingsheep

(C)ancientpaintingsofsheep

(D)earlybreedsofsheepthatstillexist

20.Thephrase"gaveriseto"inline18isclosestinmeaningto

(A)replacedby

(B)favoredover

(C)broughtabout

(D)foundout

ArchitecturethebeencharacterizedbyW.R.Dalze11asthe“indispensabieart,”and

rightlyso.Inevitably,thepracticalfunctionsthatsheltersarcdesignedtofulfillplayastrong

roleindeterminingtheirappearanceandthus,inpart,theirartisticcharacter.SodotheLine

methodsofconstructionavailableandpracticableatanygivenmoment.Thestrikingly

newformsofarchitecturethatappearedinthelatenineteenthandtwentiethcenturieswere

builttomeettheneedsofindustryandofcommercebasedonindustry,inasocietywhose

essentialcharacterandinternalrelationshipshadbeensharplytransformedbythe

IndustrialRevolution.

Aboutthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,mechanizedindustrialproductionbegan

todemandlarge,well-lightedinteriorsinwhichmanufacturingcouldbecarriedon.The

administrationofgiantindustrialandcommercialconcernsrequiredofficebuildingsof

unprecedentedsize,containingsuitesofofficeseasilyaccessibletoemployeesand

customers.Themarketingofindustrialproductsnecessitatedlarge-scalestoragespaces,

andenormousshopssellingunderoneroofawidevarietyofitems.Industrialand

commercialpressuresdrewincreasingpopulationstourbancenters,andtraditionalhousing

wasnolongeradequatetocontainthem.Mechanizedtransportationofindustrialproducts

andindustrialandbusinesspersonnelwasessential.Leisure-timeentertainmentand

culturalactivitiesforthevastnewurbanpopulationsrequiredstilladifferentkindof

structure.Hence,thecharacteristicnewarchitecturalformsofthelatenineteenthand

twentiethcenturieshavebeenthefactory,themultistoryofficebuilding,thewarehouse,

thedepartmentstore,theapartmenthouse,therailwaystation,thelargetheater,andthe

giganticsportsstadium.Noneofthesecouldhavebeenbuiltonthedesiredscaleby

traditionalconstructionmethods.

21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

(A)Varioustypesoftraditionalbuildingmaterialsstronglyinfluencedmodemarchitecturaldesign.

(B)Changingarchitecturalstylesaffectedthecharacterofcities.

(C)Newarchitecturalformsevolvedinresponsetothechangingneedsofsociety.

(D)Technologicaladvancesaffectedconventionalmethodsofbuildingconstruction.

22.Theauthorusestheexpression“rightlyso”inline2inorderto

(A)introduceanopinionthatdiffersfromthatofW.R.Dalzell

(B)provideexamplesofarchitecturethatareindispensableshowagreementwiththewayW.R.Dalzellhasdescribedarchitecture

(D)indicatethatarchitecturaldesignmustreflectartisticqualities

23.Theword"strikingly"inline4isclosestinmeaningto

(A)aggressively

(B)specifically

(C)noticeably

(D)occasionally

24.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmotivatedthe“newformsofarchitecture”mentionedinline5?

(A)Theincreasedwealthofcitizens

(B)TheIndustrialRevolution

(C)Competitiveinternationaltrade

(D)Changingideasaboutartisticmerit

25.Itcanbeinferredthatthedemandfor“l(fā)arge,well-lightedinteriors”mentionedinline10resultedintheconstructionof

(A)offices

(B)factories

(C)warehouses

(D)departmentstores

26.Thephrase“carriedon”inline10isclosestinmeaningto

(A)conducted

(B)supervised

(C)movedabout

(D)improved

27.Theword"necessitated"inline13isclosestinmeaningto

(A)identified

(B)replaced

(C)required

(D)supplied

28.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatallofthefollowingoccurredasaresultoftheIndustrialRevolutionEXCEPT

(A)considerablesocietalchanges

(B)officebuildingslargerthananyeverbuiltbefore

(C)storageandmarketingofindustrialproducts

(D)adecreaseinleisureactivities

29.Theword"them"inline16refer